ASTM D6888-03

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An American National Standard
Designation: D 6888 – 03
Standard Test Method for
Available Cyanide with Ligand Displacement and Flow
Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing Gas Diffusion Separation
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and Amperometric Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6888; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope D 6696 Guide for Understanding Cyanide Species
E 60 Practice for Photometric and Spectrophotometric
1.1 This method is used to determine the concentration of
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Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals
available inorganic cyanide in an aqueous wastewater or
E 275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance
effluent. The method detects the cyanides that are free (HCN
-
of Ultraviolet, Visible, and Near Infrared Spectrophotom-
and CN ) and metal-cyanide complexes that are easily disso-
5
eters
ciated into free cyanide ions. The method does not detect the
E 1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
less toxic strong metal-cyanide complexes, cyanides that are
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Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method
not “amenable to chlorination.”
1.2 This procedure is applicable over a range of approxi-
3. Terminology
mately 2 to 400 μg/L (parts per billion) available cyanide.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
Higher concentrations can be analyzed by dilution or lower
method, refer to Terminology D 1129 and Guide D 6696.
injection volume.
3.2 available cyanide—Inorganic cyanides that are free
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
-
(HCN and CN ) and metal-cyanide complexes that are easily
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
dissociated into free cyanide ions. Available cyanide does not
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
include the less toxic strong metal-cyanide complexes, cya-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
nides that are not “amenable to chlorination.”
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
statements are given in Note 2 and Section 9.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Complex cyanides bound with nickel or mercury are
2. Referenced Documents
released by ligand displacement by the addition of a ligand
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 displacement agent prior to analysis.
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
2 4.2 Other weak and dissociable cyanide species do not
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3 require ligand displacement.
D 2036 Test Methods for Cyanides in Water
4.3 The treated sample is introduced into a flow injection
D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
2 analysis (FIA) system where it is acidified to form hydrogen
Applicable Methods of Committee D-19 on Water
2 cyanide (HCN). The hydrogen cyanide gas diffuses through a
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water
hydrophobic gas diffusion membrane, from the acidic donor
D 3856 Guide for Good Laboratory Practices in Laborato-
2 stream into an alkaline acceptor stream.
ries Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Water
-
4.4 The CN is captured in the alkaline acceptor stream
D 4210 Practice for Intralaboratory Quality Control Proce-
2 which then flows into an amperometric flowcell detector with
dures and a Discussion on Reporting Low-Level Data
a silver working electrode.
D 4375 Terminology for Basic Statistics in Committee
2 4.5 The cyanide oxidizes the silver electrode causing an
D-19 on Water
amperometric current, which is detected. The current at any
D 5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
3 time is proportional to the concentration of cyanide flowing
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
past the detector.
4.6 Calibrations and data are processed with the instru-
ment’s data acquisition software.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis of
Organic Substances in Water.
Current edition approved March 10, 2003. Published May 2003.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D6888–03
5. Significance and Use tem to include a silver working electrode, a Ag/AgCl reference
electrode, and a Pt or stainless steel counter electrode. Ex-
5.1 Cyanide and hydrogen cyanide are highly toxic. Regu-
amples of the apparatus schematic
...