ASTM D7563-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water and Simulated Ed85 Fuel
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water and Simulated Ed85 Fuel
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During engine operation, engine oil can become contaminated by water and fuel. In the case of Ed85 fuels, this contamination can result in a non-emulsified aqueous bottom layer in the oil that can affect the lubrication and detergency of the engine oil. To avoid field problems, engine oil should be capable of emulsifying water contamination to the extent that no aqueous presence appears.
5.2 The test described in this method is designed to evaluate the ability of an engine oil, contaminated with a specified amount of water (volume fraction of 10 % of the original oil sample) and simulated Ed85 fuel (also a volume fraction of 10 % of the original oil sample), to emulsify the water after agitation in a blender and to maintain this emulsion at temperatures of 20 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C for at least 24 h.
5.3 This test method has potential use in specifications of engine lubricating oils, such as Specification D4485.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a qualitative procedure to measure the ability of a specific volume of engine oil to emulsify a specific added volume of combined water and simulated Ed85 fuel upon agitation in a high-speed blender and to retain this emulsified state for at least 24 h at temperatures of both 20 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C.
1.2 Information Letters are published periodically by the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) to update this and other test methods under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D02.B0. Copies of these letters can be obtained by writing the Center.2
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7563 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water and
1
Simulated Ed85 Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7563; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
Fuels, and Lubricants
1.1 This test method describes a qualitative procedure to
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service
measure the ability of a specific volume of engine oil to
Category Engine Oils
emulsify a specific added volume of combined water and
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-
simulated Ed85 fuel upon agitation in a high-speed blender and
ing with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition
to retain this emulsified state for at least 24 h at temperatures of
Engine Fuel
both 20 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C.
D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-
1.2 Information Letters are published periodically by the
Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) to update this and other
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
test methods under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D02.B0.
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
2
Copies of these letters can be obtained by writing the Center.
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as ders
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3. Terminology
standard.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 denatured fuel ethanol, n—fuel ethanol made unfit for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
beverage use by the addition of denaturants. D4806
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 fuel ethanol (Ed75-Ed85), n—blend of ethanol and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
hydrocarbon of which the ethanol portion is nominally 75 to 85
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
volume % denatured fuel ethanol. D5798
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.3 engine oil, n—liquid that reduces friction or wear, or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
heat, particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical a combustion gas sealant for piston rings.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—It may contain additives to enhance
certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit
2. Referenced Documents
formation, valve train wear, oil oxidation, and foaming are
3
examples. D4175
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 aqueous presence, n—translucent or semi-transparent
or transparent appearance, laciness, bubbling, or layer in the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
lower region of the glass container.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
3.2.2 simulated Ed85 fuel, n—laboratory blend made to
Subcommittee D02.B0.07 on Development and Surveillance of Bench Tests
Methods. simulate Ed85 fuel by mixing 85 % denatured fuel ethanol and
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved
15 % unleaded gasoline by volume.
in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D7563 – 10 (2016). DOI:
3.2.3 test oil, n—any engine oil subjected to evaluation in
10.1520/D7563-23.
2
Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center,
this test method.
203 Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229, www.astmtmc.org.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4. Summary of Test Method
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1 Distilled water, simulated Ed85 fuel, and the test oil are
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. emulsified in a high-speed blender. Portions of the resulting
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7563 − 10 (Reapproved 2016) D7563 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water and
1
Simulated Ed85 Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7563; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method describes a qualitative procedure to measure the ability of a specific volume of engine oil to emulsify a
specific added volume of combined water and simulated Ed85 fuel upon agitation in a high-speed blender and to retain this
emulsified state for at least 24 h at temperatures of both 20 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C.
1.2 Information Letters are published periodically by the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) to update this and other test
2
methods under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D02.B0. Copies of these letters can be obtained by writing the Center.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.07 on Development and Surveillance of Bench Tests Methods.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016June 1, 2023. Published May 2016July 2023. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
D7563 – 10.D7563 – 10 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/D7563-10R16.10.1520/D7563-23.
2
Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. www.standards.astmtmc.cmu.edu. 203
Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229, www.astmtmc.org.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7563 − 23
3.1.1 denatured fuel ethanol, n—fuel ethanol made unfit for beverage use by the addition of denaturants. D4806
3.1.2 fuel ethanol (Ed75-Ed85), n—blend of ethanol and hydrocarbon of which the ethanol portion is nominally 75 to 85 volume
% denatured fuel ethanol. D5798
3.1.3 engine oil, n—liquid that reduces friction or wear, or both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes heat,
particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for piston rings.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
It may contain additives to enhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, valve train wear, oil
oxidation, and foaming are examples. D4175
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 aqueous presence, n—translucent or semi-transparent or transparent appearance, laciness, bubbling, or layer in the lo
...
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