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ASTM D3053-08b

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black

Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2008
ICS
01.040.83 - Rubber and plastics industries (Vocabularies)
83.040.20 - Rubber compounding ingredients
Technical Committee
D24 - Carbon Black
Drafting Committee
D24.41 - Carbon Black Nomenclature and Terminology
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3053-08a - Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008
Replaced By
ASTM D3053-10 - Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
Effective Date
15-Oct-2010
Referred By
ASTM D5817-20 - Standard Practice for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Reduction, Blending, and Drying of Gross Samples for Testing
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008
Referred By
ASTM D6602-13(2022)e1 - Standard Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or Both
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008
Referred By
ASTM D1765-23a - Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008
Referred By
ASTM D8466-22 - Standard Guide for Recovered Carbon Black—Carbon Black Test Methods for Testing rCB
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008
Referred By
ASTM D8178-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Recovered Carbon Black (rCB)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008
Referred By
ASTM D5596-03(2021) - Standard Test Method for Microscopic Evaluation of the Dispersion of Carbon Black in Polyolefin Geosynthetics
Effective Date
01-Nov-2008

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3053–08b
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Carbon Black
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3053; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3313 Test Method for Carbon Black—Individual Pellet
Hardness
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of
D3493 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries.
Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in
D3849 Test Method for Carbon Black—Morphological
other readily available sources are not included.
Characterization of Carbon Black Using Electron Micros-
2. Referenced Documents
copy
2
D5230 Test Method for Carbon Black—Automated Indi-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
vidual Pellet Hardness
D1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted Fines and
D6086 Test Method for Carbon Black—Void Volume (VV)
Attrition
D6556 Test Method for Carbon Black—Total and External
D1509 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Heating Loss
Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
D1510 Test Method for Carbon Black—Iodine Adsorption
D6602 Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Car-
Number
bon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental
D1511 Test Method for Carbon Black—Pellet Size Distri-
Particulate, or Both
bution
D1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Pour Den-
3. Terminology
sity
3.1 Definitions:
D1514 Test Method for Carbon Black—Sieve Residue
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
aciniform, adj—shaped like a cluster of grapes.
D1618 Test Method for Carbon Black Extractables—
DISCUSSION—The spheroidal primary particles of carbon black are
Transmittance of Toluene Extract
fused into aggregates of colloidal dimension forming an aciniform
D1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in
morphology.
Rubber Products
carbon black, n—an engineered material, primarily composed
D1799 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Packaged
of elemental carbon, obtained from the partial combustion or
Shipments
thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons, existing as aggre-
D1900 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Bulk Ship-
gates of aciniform morphology which are composed of
ments
spheroidal primary particles, uniformity of primary particle
D1937 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Mass
sizes within a given aggregate, and turbostratic layering
Strength
within the primary particles.
D2414 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
Number (OAN)
DISCUSSION—Particlesizeandaggregatesize(numberofparticlesper
D2663 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Dispersion in
aggregate) are distributional properties and vary depending on the
Rubber
carbon black grade. Transmission electron micrographs shown in
D3265 Test Method for Carbon Black—Tint Strength Annex A1 of Practice D6602 demonstrate that while particle and
aggregate sizes vary greatly within a given grade of carbon black, the
primary particle size is essentially uniform within an individual
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D24 on Carbon
aggregate.
Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon Black
Nomenclature and Terminology. carbon black, carcass grade, n—a type of furnace carbon
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally
black having an average nitrogen surface area in the range of
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3053 – 08a. DOI: 2
21 to 69 m /g.
10.1520/D3053-08B.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DISCUSSION—Carcass-grade carbon blacks are produced by the oil
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
furnace process. The use of these grades in the rubber industry is not
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3053–08b
limited to the carcass portion of the tire. These grades are designated
dependent upon the targeted properties.
with an “N” first character and a second character of “4, 5, 6, or 7” in
DISCUSSION—Typical values for carbon black properties are shown in
Table 1 of Classification D1765. See Terminology D1566 for the
Classification D1765 for most rubber grade carbon blacks currently in
definition of carcass.
commerce. These are consensus values based upon the range in values
carbon black, furnace, n—atypeofcarbonblackproducedby
supplied by the manufacturers. Typical values are
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3053–08a Designation:D3053–08b
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Carbon Black
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3053; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries.
Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted Fines and Attrition
D 1509 Test Methods for Carbon BlackHeating Loss
D 1510 Test Method for Carbon BlackIodine Adsorption Number
D 1511 Test Method for Carbon BlackPellet Size Distribution
D 1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, PelletedPour Density
D 1514 Test Method for Carbon BlackSieve Residue
D 1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
D 1618 Test Method for Carbon Black ExtractablesTransmittance of Toluene Extract
D 1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
D 1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Packaged Shipments
D 1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk Shipments
D 1937 Test Method for Carbon Black, PelletedMass Strength
D 2414 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number (OAN)
D 2663 Test Methods for Carbon BlackDispersion in Rubber D3037 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Surface Area by
Nitrogen Adsorption
D 3265 Test Method for Carbon BlackTint Strength
D 3313 Test Method for Carbon BlackIndividual Pellet Hardness
D 3493 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
D 3849 TestMethodforCarbonBlackMorphologicalCharacterizationofCarbonBlackUsingElectronMicroscopyD4820Test
Meth-
ods
for
Car-
bon
Black-Surface
Area
by
Multi-
point
B.E.T.
Nitro-
gen
Ad-
sorp-
0
tion
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D24 on Carbon Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon Black
Nomenclature and Terminology.
Current edition approved MayNov. 1, 2008. Published MayNovember 2008. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D 3053 – 08a.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3053–08b
D 5230 Test Method for Carbon BlackAutomated Individual Pellet Hardness D5816 Test Methods for Carbon Black-External
Surface Area by Multipoint Nitrogen Adsorp-
0
tion
D 6086 Test Method for Carbon BlackVoid Volume (VV)
D 6556 Test Method for Carbon BlackTotal and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
D 6602 Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or
Both
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
aciniform, adj—shaped like a cluster of grapes.
DISCUSSION—The spheroidal primary particles of carbon black are fused into aggregates of colloidal dimension forming an aciniform morphology.
carbon black, n—an engineered material, primarily composed of elemental carbon, obtained from the partial combustion or
thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons, existing as aggregates of aciniform morphology which are composed of spheroidal
primary particles, uniformity of primary particle sizes within a given aggregate, and turbostratic layering within the primary
particles.
DISCUSSION—Particlesizeandaggregatesize(numberofparticlesperaggregate)aredistributionalpropertiesandvarydependingonthecarbonblack
grade. Transmission electron micrographs shown in Annex A1 of Practice D 6602 demonstrate that while particle and aggregate sizes vary greatly
within a given grade of carbon black, the primary particle size is essentially uniform within an individual aggregate.
carbon black, carcass grade, n—a type of furnace carbon black having an average particle size in the range from 31 to 200 nm.
2
—a type of furnace carbon black having an average nitrogen surface area in the range of 21 to 69 m /g.
DISCUSSION—Carcass-grade carbon blacks are produced by the oil furnace process. The use of th
...

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