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ASTM D5443-23

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A knowledge of the composition of hydrocarbon refinery streams is useful for process control and quality assurance.  
5.2 Aromatics in gasoline are soon to be limited by federal mandate. This test method can be used to provide such information.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics by carbon number in low olefinic hydrocarbon streams having final boiling points of 200 °C or less. Hydrocarbons with boiling points greater than 200 °C and less than 270 °C are reported as a single group. Olefins, if present, are hydrogenated and the resultant saturates are included in the paraffin and naphthene distribution. Aromatics boiling at C9 and above are reported as a single aromatic group.  
1.2 This test method is not intended to determine individual components except for benzene and toluene that are the only C6 and C7 aromatics, respectively, and cyclopentane that is the only C5 naphthene. The lower limit of detection for a single hydrocarbon component or group is 0.05 % by mass.  
1.3 This test method is applicable to hydrocarbon mixtures including virgin, catalytically converted, thermally converted, alkylated and blended naphtha.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 The abbreviation for SI unit “coulomb” is “C”.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and Table 1.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
28-Feb-2023
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.04.0L - Gas Chromatography Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D5443-23 - Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas ChromatographyASTM D5443-23 - Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography
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ASTM D5443-23 - Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography
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REDLINE ASTM D5443-23 - Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas ChromatographyREDLINE ASTM D5443-23 - Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography
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REDLINE ASTM D5443-23 - Standard Test Method for Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-Dimensional Gas Chromatography
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5443 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type
Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-
1
Dimensional Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5443; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of paraffins,
naphthenes, and aromatics by carbon number in low olefinic
2. Referenced Documents
hydrocarbon streams having final boiling points of 200 °C or
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
less. Hydrocarbons with boiling points greater than 200 °C and
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
less than 270 °C are reported as a single group. Olefins, if
Petroleum Products
present, are hydrogenated and the resultant saturates are
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
included in the paraffin and naphthene distribution. Aromatics
Fuels, and Lubricants
boiling at C and above are reported as a single aromatic group.
9
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
1.2 This test method is not intended to determine individual
Analytical Standards
components except for benzene and toluene that are the only
D5134 Test Method for Detailed Analysis of Petroleum
C and C aromatics, respectively, and cyclopentane that is the
6 7
Naphthas through n-Nonane by Capillary Gas Chroma-
only C naphthene. The lower limit of detection for a single
5
tography
hydrocarbon component or group is 0.05 % by mass.
D6839 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated
Compounds, Benzene, and Toluene in Spark Ignition
1.3 This test method is applicable to hydrocarbon mixtures
Engine Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
including virgin, catalytically converted, thermally converted,
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-
alkylated and blended naphtha.
ships
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3. Terminology
standard.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4.1 The abbreviation for SI unit “coulomb” is “C”.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to Terminology D4175 and Practice E355.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 naphthene(s), n—cycloparaffin(s).
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. Summary of Test Method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and
4.1 A representative sample is introduced into a gas chro-
Table 1.
matographic system containing a series of columns and switch-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
ing valves. As the sample passes through a polar column, the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
polar aromatic compounds, bi-naphthenes, and high boiling
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
(>200 °C) paraffins and naphthenes are retained. The fraction
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
not retained elutes to a platinum column, that hydrogenates
olefins, if present, in this fraction, and then to a molecular sieve
column which performs a carbon number separation based on
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5443 – 14 (2018). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D5443-23. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5443 − 23
TABLE 1 Hydrocarbon Test Mixture
7. Apparatus
Hydrocarbons Warning
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5443 − 14 (Reapproved 2018) D5443 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Paraffin, Naphthene, and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Type
Analysis in Petroleum Distillates Through 200 °C by Multi-
1
Dimensional Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5443; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics by carbon number in low olefinic
hydrocarbon streams having final boiling points of 200 °C or less. Hydrocarbons with boiling points greater than 200 °C and less
than 270 °C are reported as a single group. Olefins, if present, are hydrogenated and the resultant saturates are included in the
paraffin and naphthene distribution. Aromatics boiling at C and above are reported as a single aromatic group.
9
1.2 This test method is not intended to determine individual components except for benzene and toluene that are the only C and
6
C aromatics, respectively, and cyclopentane that is the only C naphthene. The lower limit of detection for a single hydrocarbon
7 5
component or group is 0.05 % by mass.
1.3 This test method is applicable to hydrocarbon mixtures including virgin, catalytically converted, thermally converted,
alkylated and blended naphtha.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4.1 The abbreviation for SI unit “coulomb” is “C”.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7 and Table 1.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and Table 1.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018March 1, 2023. Published November 2018March 2023. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20142018
as D5443 – 14.D5443 – 14 (2018). DOI: 10.1520/D5443-14R18.10.1520/D5443-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5443 − 23
TABLE 1 Hydrocarbon Test Mixture
Hydrocarbons Warning
Cyclopentane (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Pentane (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Cyclohexane (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
2,3-Dimethylbutane (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Hexane (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
1-Hexene (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Methylcyclohexane (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
4-Methyl-1-hexene (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Heptane (Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
1,cis-2-Dimethylcyclohexane (Warning—Extremely Flammable. Harmful if
inhaled.)
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (iso-octane) (Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Octane (Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
1,cis-2,cis-4-Trimethylcyclohexane (Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Nonane (Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Decane (Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Undecane (Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
Dodecane (Warning—Flammable. Harmful
...

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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the atmospheric distillation of petroleum products and liquid fuels using a laboratory batch distillation unit to determine quantitatively the boiling range characteristics of such products as light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels with or without oxygenates (see Note 1), aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, diesel fuels, biodiesel blends up to 30 % volume, marine fuels, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, and Grades 1 and 2 burner fuels.
Note 1: An interlaboratory study was conducted in 2008 involving 11 different laboratories submitting 15 data sets and 15 different samples of ethanol-fuel blends containing 25 % volume, 50 % volume, and 75 % volume ethanol. The results indicate that the repeatability limits of these samples are comparable or within the published repeatability of the method (with the exception of FBP of 75 % ethanol-fuel blends). On this basis, it can be concluded that Test Method D86 is applicable to ethanol-fuel blends such as Ed75 and Ed85 (Specification D5798) or other ethanol-fuel blends with greater than 10 % volume ethanol. See ASTM RR:D02-1694 for supporting data.2  
1.2 The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate fuels; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material.  
1.3 This test method covers both manual and automated instruments.  
1.4 Unless otherwise noted, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilit...

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ASTM
ASTM D7900-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Light Hydrocarbons in Stabilized Crude Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of the boiling point distribution of stabilized crude oils is important for the marketing, scheduling, and processing of crude oil in the petroleum industry. Test Method D7169 and IP 545 purport to give such a distribution in crude oils, but are susceptible to significant errors in the light ends portion of the distribution as well as in the mass recovery of the whole crude oil due to the interference imposed by the diluent solvent. This test method allows for more accurate determination of the front end of the boiling point distribution curve, in addition to providing important C1 to C9 (nonane) component level information, and more accurate mass recovery at C9 (nonane).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method specifies a method to determine the boiling range distribution of hydrocarbons in stabilized crude oil up to and including n-nonane. A stabilized crude oil is defined as having a Reid Vapor Pressure equivalent to or less than 82.7 kPa. The results of this test method can be combined with those from Test Method D7169 and IP 545 to give a full boiling point distribution of a crude oil (see Appendix X3).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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