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ASTM C1565-04

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland Cement

Standard Test Method for Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland Cement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This method is intended to help manufacturers determine the relative pack-set tendency of their cement(s). The test establishes a pack-set index which, when properly correlated with field performance, is useful in predicting or preventing field unloading difficulties.
The test is an aid to routine control during cement production and is not suitable for specification purposes.
In general, field performance of cement flowability is satisfactory when the pack-set index as determined on freshly ground cement averages 0 to 15 and is unsatisfactory when the index exceeds 25. Any prediction of field performance of cement flowability measuring 16 to 25 is tenable. These are general ranges and the field performance of individual cements may not necessarily fall within these ranges. Additional conditions, after the cement has left the control of the manufacturing facility, can affect the apparent pack set index as well.
Any attempt to apply the critical range of pack-set index numbers based on freshly ground cement to job cement without special treatment of the sample would be problematic. The test is a “GO-NO GO” type of test and should not be used for specification purposes.
The pack-set index of field cement can be evaluated in terms of the pack-set index ranges of that cement as determined when freshly-ground. This comparison can aid the manufacturer in producing cement that offers the best field performance for pack-set properties.
Silo storage of cement may result in a greater amount of consolidation than this method is designed to induce, and the resulting forces required to overcome that consolidation are not measured by this test method.
Pack set is not to be confused with “warehouse set” which results from surface hydration of the cement from adsorbed moisture.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the pack-set index, which provides an indication of the mechanical force needed to overcome the consolidation of portland cement.
1.2 The pack-set index number provides a numerical value useful for manufacturers who desire to measure and control the effect that vibration-induced consolidation has upon the manufactured cement.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values stated in Inch-Pound units are for informational purposes only and are enclosed in parentheses. Values stated in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the rules of Conversion and rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WARNING—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and ittuse upon prolonged exposure).

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2004
ICS
55.180.40 - Complete, filled transport packages
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C01 - Cement
Drafting Committee
C01.20 - Additions
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1565-03 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland Cement
Effective Date
01-Aug-2004
Replaced By
ASTM C1565-09 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland Cement
Effective Date
01-Jun-2009

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ASTM C1565-04 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland CementASTM C1565-04 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland Cement
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ASTM C1565-04 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland Cement
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1565–04
Standard Test Method for
1
Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1565; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the pack- 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
setindex,whichprovidesanindicationofthemechanicalforce 3.1.1 maximum voltage, n—as pertaining to this method
needed to overcome the consolidation of portland cement. only, the energy in volts applied to consolidate the sample,
1.2 The pack-set index number provides a numerical value which results in the maximum pack-set index for a particular
useful for manufacturers who desire to measure and control the cement and the apparatus used for the measurement.
effect that vibration-induced consolidation has upon the manu- 3.1.2 pack set, n—a condition of hydraulic cement, exhib-
factured cement. ited in varying degrees, following silo storage or transport in
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the bulk railcars or trucks, that causes the cement to resist flowing
standard. Values stated in Inch-Pound units are for informa- until considerable mechanical effort has been applied.
tional purposes only and are enclosed in parentheses. Values 3.1.3 pack-set index, n—the numerical indication of the
stated in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in SI units degree of pack set a particular cement exhibits when subjected
or by appropriate conversion, using the rules of Conversion to the procedures of this test method.
and rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of mea-
4. Summary of Test Method
surements made in other units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.1 Portland cement is placed into a flask and then consoli-
dated on a vibrating table by a vibration force controlled by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- time and energy (volts). The consolidated bed is measured for
relative strength by turning the flask to a horizontal position
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WARNING— androtatingin180°incrementsuntilthebedcollapsesfromthe
bottom of the flask. The number of half turns is a relative
Fresh hydraulic-cementitious mixtures are caustic and may
indication of the force required to overcome the consolidation
cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged
2
exposure.) and is designated the pack-set index, or P.S.I.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.1 This method is intended to help manufacturers deter-
mine the relative pack-set tendency of their cement(s).The test
C 1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical establishes a pack-set index which, when properly correlated
with field performance, is useful in predicting or preventing
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 International System of Units (SI) The field unloading difficulties.
5.2 The test is an aid to routine control during cement
Modernized Metric System
production and is not suitable for specification purposes.
5.3 In general, field performance of cement flowability is
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement
satisfactory when the pack-set index as determined on freshly
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.20 on Additions.
ground cement averages 0 to 15 and is unsatisfactory when the
Current edition approvedAugust 1, 2004. Published September 2004. Originally
index exceeds 25. Any prediction of field performance of
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C 1565 – 03.
2
cement flowability measuring 16 to 25 is tenable. These are
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM
Standards, Vol 04.01.
general ranges and the field performance of individual cements
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
may not necessarily fall within these ranges. Additional con-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ditions, after the cement has left the control of the manufac-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. turing facility, can affect the apparent pack set index as well.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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