ASTM D1903-08(2017)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1903 − 08 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Practice for
Determining the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of
Electrical Insulating Liquids of Petroleum Origin, and
Askarels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1903; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 coeffıcient of thermal expansion of a liquid, n—the
change in volume per unit volume per degree change in
1.1 Thispracticecoversthedeterminationofthecoef-ficient
temperature. It is commonly stated as the average coefficient
of thermal expansion of electrical insulating liquids of petro-
over a given temperature range.
leum origin, and askarels, containing PCBs (polychlorinated
biphenyls), when used as an insulating or cooling medium, or
4. Significance and Use
both,incables,transformers,oilcircuitbreakers,capacitors,or
4.1 Knowledge of the coefficient of thermal expansion of a
similar apparatus.
liquidisessentialtocomputetherequiredsizeofacontainerto
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
accommodate a volume of liquid over the full temperature
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
range to which it will be subjected. It is also used to compute
standard.
thevolumeofvoidspacethatwouldexistinaninelasticdevice
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
filled with the liquid after the liquid has cooled to a lower
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
temperature.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Procedure for Liquids of Petroleum Origin
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 The coefficient of thermal expansion used in Guide
D1250, is 0.00040/°F for the temperature range from−17.7 to
2. Referenced Documents
65.5°C (0 to 150°F), and petroleum oils ranging from 15.0 to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
34.9°APIgravityor0.9659to0.8504relativedensity(specific
D941Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
gravity). In the preparation of these tables for relative density
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnom-
(specific gravity) values above 0.600, it has been assumed for
eter (Withdrawn 1993)
purposes of standardization that all crude petroleum and
D1250Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
petroleum products have uniform coefficients of expansion in
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
the same temperature ranges. When the required accuracy of
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
results falls within these assumptions, this value for coefficient
ucts by Hydrometer Method
of expansion may be used.
D1810Test Method for Specific Gravity of Askarels (With-
3 5.2 If closer approximation than that indicated in 5.1 is
drawn 2001)
required, the coefficient of thermal expansion may be calcu-
3. Terminology lated by determining observed relative densities (specific
gravities).Determinetherelativedensitiesatanytwotempera-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tures below 90°C (194°F) and not less than 5°C (9°F), nor
more than 14°C (25°F) degrees apart by Practice D1298. The
This practic
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