ASTM D6839-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A knowledge of spark-ignition engine fuel composition is useful for regulatory compliance, process control, and quality assurance.
5.2 The quantitative determination of olefins and other hydrocarbon types in spark-ignition engine fuels is required to comply with government regulations.
5.3 This test method is not applicable to M85 and E85 fuels, which contain 85 % methanol and ethanol, respectively.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of saturates, olefins, aromatics and oxygenates in spark-ignition engine fuels by multidimensional gas chromatography. Each hydrocarbon type can be reported either by carbon number (see Note 1) or as a total.
Note 1: There can be an overlap between the C9 and C10 aromatics; however, the total is accurate. Isopropyl benzene is resolved from the C8 aromatics and is included with the other C9 aromatics.
1.2 This test method is applicable to spark-ignition engine fuel with total aromatic content up to 50 % (V/V), total olefinic content up to 30 % (V/V) and oxygen compounds up to 15 % (V/V).
1.3 This test method is not intended to determine individual hydrocarbon components except benzene.
1.4 Oxygenates as specified in Test Method D4815 have been verified not to interfere with hydrocarbons. Within the round robin sample set, the following oxygenates have been tested: MTBE, ethanol, ETBE, and TAME. Other oxygenates can be determined and quantified using Test Method D4815 or D5599.
1.5 This test method includes a relative bias section for U.S. EPA spark-ignition engine fuel regulations for total olefins reporting based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D1319 as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D1319. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the total olefins concentration range from 0.2 % to 18.2 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. The applicable Test Method D1319 range for total olefins is from 0.6 % to 20.6 % by volume as reported by Test Method D1319.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6839 − 15
StandardTest Method for
Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds and Benzene
1
in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6839; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of saturates, olefins, aromatics and oxygenates in spark-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ignitionenginefuelsbymultidimensionalgaschromatography.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Each hydrocarbon type can be reported either by carbon
number (see Note 1) or as a total.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—There can be an overlap between the C and C aromatics;
9 10
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
however, the total is accurate. Isopropyl benzene is resolved from the C
8
aromatics and is included with the other C aromatics. D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
9
leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
1.2 This test method is applicable to spark-ignition engine
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
fuelwithtotalaromaticcontentupto50 %(V/V),totalolefinic
Analytical Standards
content up to 30 % (V/V) and oxygen compounds up to 15 %
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,
(V/V).
TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alco-
1 4
1.3 This test method is not intended to determine individual
hols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
hydrocarbon components except benzene.
D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in
1.4 Oxygenates as specified in Test Method D4815 have
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective
been verified not to interfere with hydrocarbons. Within the Flame Ionization Detection
round robin sample set, the following oxygenates have been
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
tested: MTBE, ethanol, ETBE, and TAME. Other oxygenates of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
can be determined and quantified using Test Method D4815 or
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D5599.
3. Terminology
1.5 This test method includes a relative bias section for U.S.
3.1 Definitions:
EPA spark-ignition engine fuel regulations for total olefins
3.1.1 oxygenate, n—an oxygen-containing organic
reporting based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment be-
compound,whichmaybeusedasafuelorfuelsupplement,for
tween Test Method D6839 and Test Method D1319 as a
example, various alcohols and ethers.
possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method
D1319. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
onlyapplicableforfuelsinthetotalolefinsconcentrationrange 3.2.1 hydrogenation, n—the process of adding hydrogen to
from 0.2 % to 18.2 % by volume as measured by Test Method olefin molecules as a result of a catalytic reaction.
D6839. The applicable Test Method D1319 range for total 3.2.1.1 Discussion—Hydrogenation is accomplished when
olefins is from 0.6 % to 20.6 % by volume as reported by Test olefins in the sample contact platinum at a temperature of
Method D1319. 180 °C in the presence of hydrogen. The olefins are converted
intohydrogensaturatedcompoundsofthesamecarbonnumber
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
and structure. Monoolefins and diolefins convert to paraffins
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
while cycloolefins and cyclodienes convert to cycloparaffins.
standard.
3.2.2 trap, n—a device utilized to selectively retain specific
portions (individual or groups of hydrocarbons or oxygenates)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D6839 – 13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6839-15. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United Sta
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6839 − 13 D6839 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds,Compounds
and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6839; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of saturates, olefins, aromatics,aromatics and oxygenates in
spark-ignition engine fuels by multidimensional gas chromatography. Each hydrocarbon type can be reported either by carbon
number (see Note 1) or as a total.
NOTE 1—There can be an overlap between the C and C aromatics; however, the total is accurate. Isopropyl benzene is resolved from the C aromatics
9 10 8
and is included with the other C aromatics.
9
1.2 This test method is not intended to determine individual hydrocarbon components except benzene.
1.2 This test method is divided into two parts, Part A and Part B.applicable to spark-ignition engine fuel with total aromatic
content up to 50 % (V/V), total olefinic content up to 30 % (V/V) and oxygen compounds up to 15 % (V/V).
1.3.1 Part A is applicable to automotive motor gasoline for which precision (Table 9) has been obtained for total volume fraction
of aromatics of up to 50 %; a total volume fraction of olefins from about 1.5 % up to 30 %; a volume fraction of oxygenates, from
0.8 % up to 15 %; a total mass fraction of oxygen from about 1.5 % to about 3.7 %; and a volume fraction of benzene of up to
2 %. Although this test method can be used to determine higher-olefin contents of up to 50 % volume fraction, the precision for
olefins was tested only in the range from about 1.5 % volume fraction to about 30 % volume fraction. The method has also been
tested for an ether content up to 22% volume fraction but no precision data has been determined.
1.3.1.1 This test method is specifically developed for the analysis of automotive motor gasoline that contains oxygenates, but
it also applies to other hydrocarbon streams having similar boiling ranges, such as naphthas and reformates.
1.3.2 Part B describes the procedure for the analysis of oxygenated groups (ethanol, methanol, ethers, C to C alcohols) in
3 5
ethanol fuels containing an ethanol volume fraction between 50 % and 85 % (17 to 29 % oxygen). The gasoline is diluted with
an oxygenate-free component to lower the ethanol content to a value below 20 % before the analysis by GC. The diluting solvent
should not be considered in the integration, this makes it possible to report the results of the undiluted sample after normalization
to 100 %
1.3 This test method is not intended to determine individual hydrocarbon components except benzene.
1.4 Oxygenates as specified in Test Method D4815 have been verified not to interfere with hydrocarbons. Within the round robin
sample set, the following oxygenates have been tested: MTBE, ethanol, ETBE, TAME, iso-propanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol and
methanol. The derived precision data for methanol do not comply with the precision calculation as presented in this International
Standard. Applicability of this test method has also been verified for the determination of n-propanol, acetone, and TAME. Other
oxygenates can be determined and diquantified-isopropyl ether (DIPE). However, no using Test Method D4815 precisionor
D5599data have been determined for these compounds. .
1.4.1 Other oxygenates can be determined and quantified using Test Method D4815 or D5599.
1.5 This test method includes a relative bias section for U.S. EPA spark-ignition engine fuel regulations for total olefins
reporting based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D1319 as a possible Test
Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D1319. The methodPractice D6708is harmonized with ISO 22854. derived correlation
equation is only applicable for fuels in the total olefins concentration range from 0.2 % to 18.2 % by volume as measured by Test
Method D6839. The applicable Test Method D1319 range for total olefins is from 0.6 % to 20.6 % by volume as reported by Test
Method D1319.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
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