ASTM B649-21

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B649 − 17 B649 − 21
Standard Specification for
Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu-N Low-Carbon Alloys (UNS N08925,Alloy
and Cr-Ni-Fe-N
UNS
N08031, UNS N08034, UNS N08354, and UNS N08926), and
Cr-Ni-Fe-N Low-Carbon Alloy (UNS R20033) Low-Carbon
Alloy Bar and Wire, and Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-N Alloy (UNS N08936)
WireWire, and Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-N Alloy Bar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B649; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper-nitrogen alloys (UNS N08925, UNS N08031, UNS
N08034, UNS N08354, and UNS N08926), and alloy and chromium-nickel-iron-nitrogen low-carbon alloy (UNS R20033) bar and
wire, and nickel-chromium-iron-molybdenum-nitrogen alloy (UNS N08936) wire.wire, and nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-
nitrogen alloy bar.
1.2 ASTM International has adopted definitions whereby some grades, such as UNS N08904, previously in this specification
were recognized as stainless steels, because those grades have iron as the largest element by mass percent. Such grades are under
the oversight of ASTM Committee A01 and its subcommittees. The products of N08904 previously covered in this specification
are now covered by Specifications A479/A479M and A484/A484M.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet
(SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental
practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.07 on Refined
Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved July 1, 2017Nov. 1, 2021. Published August 2017November 2021. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 20162017
as B649B649 – 17. – 06 (2016). DOI: 10.1520/B0649-17.DOI: 10.1520/B0649-21.
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B649 − 21
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A479/A479M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and Cobalt Alloys
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric] E0008_E0008M
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
E1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Cobalt and High-Temperature Alloys
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 bars, n—hot-finished rounds, squares, octagons, and hexagons: ⁄4 in. (6.35 mm) and over in diameter or size.size;
1 1
Hot-finished flats: ⁄4 in. to 10 in. (254 mm) inclusive in width, ⁄8 in. (3.18 mm) and over in thickness.thickness; Cold-finished
1 3
rounds, squares, octagons, hexagons, and shapes: over ⁄2 in. (12.70 mm) in diameter or size.size; Cold-finished flats: ⁄8 in. (9.52
mm) and over in width (see 3.1.1.1) and ⁄8 in. and over in thickness (see 3.1.1.2).
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
3 3
Widths less than ⁄8 in. (9.52 mm) and thicknesses less than ⁄16 in. (4.76 mm) are described generally as flat wire.
3.1.1.2 Discussion—
1 3
Thickness ⁄8 in. to under ⁄16 in. (3.18 mm to under 4.76 mm) can be cold-rolled strip as well as bar.
3.1.2 wire, n—cold-finished only: round, square, octagon, hexagon, and shape wire, ⁄2 in. (12.70 mm) and under in diameter or
3 3 3
size. Cold-finished only: flat wire, ⁄16 in. to under ⁄8 in. (4.76 mm to under 9.52 mm) in width, 0.010 to under ⁄16 in. (0.25 to under
4.76 mm) in thickness.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
UNS UNS UNS UNS UNS UNS UNS
Element
N08936 N08925 N08031 N08034 N08354 N08926 R20033
Carbon, max 0.020 0.020 0.015 0.01 0.030 0.020 0.015
A
Manganese 4.00–6.00 1.00 2.0 1.0-4.0 1.00 2.00 2.0
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.045 0.020 0.020 0.030 0.03 0.02
Sulfur, max 0.010 0.030 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.01 0.01
Silicon, max 0.50 0.50 0.3 0.1 1.00 0.5 0.50
Nickel 33.00–35.00 24.00–26.00 30.0–32.0 33.5-35.0 34.0–36.0 24.00–26.00 30.0–33.0
Chromium 26.00–28.00 19.00–21.00 26.0–28.0 26.0-27.0 22.0–24.0 19.00–21.00 31.0–35.0
Molybdenum 5.00–6.00 6.0–7.0 6.0–7.0 6.0-7.0 7.0–8.0 6.0–7.0 0.50–2.0
Copper 0.50 0.8–1.5 1.0–1.4 0.5-1.5 . 0.5–1.5 0.30–1.20
Nitrogen 0.30–0.50 0.1–0.2 0.15–0.25 0.10-0.25 0.17–0.24 0.15–0.25 0.35–0.60
Iron balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Aluminum . . . 0.3 . . .
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
UNS UNS UNS UNS UNS UNS UNS UNS
Element
N08935 N08936 N08925 N08031 N08034 N08354 N08926 R20033
Carbon, max 0.030 0.020 0.020 0.015 0.01 0.030 0.020 0.015
A
Manganese 1.2 4.00–6.00 1.00 2.0 1.0–4.0 1.00 2.00 2.0
Phosphorus, max 0.030 0.025 0.045 0.020 0.020 0.030 0.03 0.02
Sulfur, max 0.020 0.010 0.030 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.01 0.01
Silicon, max 0.5 0.50 0.50 0.3 0.1 1.00 0.5 0.50
Nickel 34.0–36.0 33.00–35.00 24.00–26.00 30.0–32.0 33.5–35.0 34.0–36.0 24.00–26.00 30.0–33.0
Chromium 26.0–28.0 26.00–28.00 19.00–21.00 26.0–28.0 26.0–27.0 22.0–24.0 19.00–21.00 31.0–35.0
Molybdenum 6.1–7.1 5.00–6.00 6.0–7.0 6.0–7.0 6.0–7.0 7.0–8.0 6.0–7.0 0.50–2.0
Copper 0.4 0.50 0.8–1.5 1.0–1.4 0.5–1.5 . 0.5–1.5 0.30–1.20
Nitrogen 0.25–0.36 0.30–0.50 0.1–0.2 0.15–0.25 0.10–0.25 0.17–0.24 0.15–0.25 0.35–0.60
Iron balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance
Aluminum . . . . 0.3 . . .
A
Maximum %, unless range or minimum is indicated.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
B649 − 21
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered to this specification.
Examples of such requirements include, but are not limited to, the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
4.1.2 Alloy name or UNS number,
4.1.3 Form (bar or wire),
4.1.4 Dimensions,
4.1.5 Finish (Section 9),
4.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue,
4.1.7 Exceptions to the specification or special requirements, and
4.1.8 Certification (Section 16). State if certification is required.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Heat Treatment—With the exception of UNS N08936, the material shall be supplied in the solution-treated condition except
as noted in 5.2. UNS N08936 shall be supplied in the cold drawn condition.
NOTE 1—The recommended heat treatment shall consist of heating to a temperature of 2010 to 2100°F2100 °F (1100 to 1150°C)1150 °C) followed by
water quenching for UNS N08925, UNS N08031, UNS N08034, 1975 to 2150°F2150 °F (1080 to 1180°C)1180 °C) followed by water quenching or fast
air cool for UNS N08354,N08354 and UNS N08926, or 2010 to 2150°F2150 °F (1100 to 1180°C)1180 °C) followed by water quenching or fast air cool
for UNS R20033.R20033, or 1975 °F (1080 °C) minimum followed by water quenching or rapid cooling by other means for UNS N08935.
5.2 The heat treatment shall be waived for forging quality material.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The material sampled in accordance with 10.2 shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in
Table 1.
6.2 Product Analysis—Product analysis may be made by the purchaser to verify the identity of the finished material representing
each heat or lot. Such analysis may be made by any of the commonly accepted methods that will positively identify the material.
6.2.1 If a product analysis is made, the material shall conform to the product check analysis variation per Specification B880.
7. Mechanical and Other Requirements
7.1 Tensile Requirements—The material shall conform to the requirements as to the mechanical property prescribed in Table 2.
8. Dimensions, Weight, and Permissible Variations
8.1 Bar—The material referred to as bar shall conform to the variations in dimensions prescribed in Tables 3-11 inclusive, as
applicable.
8.2 Wire—The material referred to as wire shall conform to the permissible variations in dimensions prescribed in Tables 12-16
inclusive, as applicable.
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition, smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious defects.
B649 − 21
A
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements
B
Cold Finished and Hot Finished Annealed,
All Sizes Except Where Noted
Elongation in Forging
Alloy
Tensile Strength, Yield Strength 2 in. (50.8 Quality,
C C
min, psi (MPa) min, psi (MPa) mm), min, % All
Sizes
A
UNS N08925 87 000 (600) 43 000 (300) 40
A
UNS N08031 94 000 (650) 40 000 (270) 40
A
UNS N08034 94 000 (650) 40 000 (280) 40
A
UNS N08926 94 000 (650) 43 000 (295) 35
A
UNS N08354 93 000 (640) 43 000 (295) 40
A
UNS R20033 109 000 (750) 55 000 (380) 40
UNS N08936
A
UNS N08935 102 000 (700) 51 000 (350) 40
UNS N08936
Up to 0.063 in. 280 000 (1931) 240 000 (1655) . .
(1.60 mm) dia.,
incl.
Over 0.063 in. 250 000 (1724) 220 000 (1517) . .
(1.60 mm) dia.
A
No tensile properties are required on forging quality.
B
UNS N08936 shall be supplied in the cold drawn condition only.
C
For cold finished and annealed wire only, tensile strength 90 000 to 120 000 psi
(620 to 830 MPa).
9.2 Bars in the hot-finished condition may be furnished with one of the following finishes:
9.2.1 Scale not removed,
9.2.2 Pickled or descaled, or
9.2.3 Turned (rounds only).
9.3 Bars in the cold-finished condition may be furnished with one of the following finishes:
9.3.1 Cold-drawn,
9.3.2 Centerless ground (rounds only), or
9.3.3 Polished (rounds only).
9.4 Wire in the cold-finished condition may be furnished with one of the following finishes:
9.4.1 Cold-drawn,
9.4.2 Centerless ground (rounds only),
9.4.3 Polished (rounds only), or
9.4.4 Pickled.
10. Sampling
10.1 Lots for Chemical Analysis and Mechanical Testing:
10.1.1 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.
10.1.2 A lot for testing and inspection purposes shall consist of material from one heat of the same condition (temper), finish, and
cross section, and in no case more than 30 000 lb (13 600 kg) in mass.
B649 − 21
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Size of Hot-Finished Round and Square Bars
A B
Permissible Variations from Specified Size, in. (mm)
Out-of-Round or Out-of-Square,
in. (mm)
Over Under
C,D E E E
1 5
⁄4 (6.35) to ⁄16 (7.94), incl
C,D
5 7
Over ⁄16 (7.94) to ⁄16 (11.11), incl 0.006 (0.15) 0.006 (0.15) 0.009 (0.23)
C,D
7 5
Over ⁄16 (11.11) to ⁄8 (15.88), incl 0.007 (0.18) 0.007 (0.18) 0.010 (0.25)
5 7
Over ⁄8 (15.88) to ⁄8 (22.22), incl 0.008 (0.20) 0.008 (0.20) 0.012 (0.30)
Over ⁄8 (22.22) to 1 (25.40), incl 0.009 (0.23) 0.009 (0.23) 0.013 (0.33)
Over 1 (25.40) to 1 ⁄8 (28.58), incl. 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 0.015 (0.38)
1 1
Over 1 ⁄8 (28.58) to 1 ⁄4 (31.75), incl 0.011 (0.28) 0.011 (0.28) 0.016 (0.41)
1 3
Over 1 ⁄4 (31.75) to 1 ⁄8 (34.92), incl 0.012 (0.30) 0.012 (0.30) 0.018 (0.46)
3 1
Over 1 ⁄8 (34.92) to 1 ⁄2 (38.10), incl 0.014 (0.36) 0.014 (0.36) 0.021 (0.53)
1 1 1
Over 1 ⁄2 (38.10) to 2 (50.80), incl ⁄64 (0.40) ⁄64 (0.40) 0.023 (0.58)
1 1
Over 2 (50.80) to 2 ⁄2 (63.50), incl ⁄32 (0.79) 0 0.023 (0.58)
1 1 3
Over 2 ⁄2 (63.50) to 3 ⁄2 (88.90), incl ⁄64 (1.19) 0 0.035 (0.89)
1 1 1
Over 3 ⁄2 (88.90) to 4 ⁄2 (114.30), incl ⁄16 (1.59) 0 0.046 (1.17)
1 1 5
Over 4 ⁄2 (114.30) to 5 ⁄2 (139.70), incl ⁄64 (1.98) 0 0.058 (1.47)
1 1 1
Over 5 ⁄2 (139.70) to 6 ⁄2 (165.10), incl ⁄8 (3.18) 0 0.070 (1.78)
1 5
Over 6 ⁄2 (165.10) to 8 (203.20), incl ⁄32 (3.97) 0 0.085 (2.18)
A
Out-of-round is the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters of the bar, measured at the same cross section.
B
Out-of-square section is the difference in the two dimensions at the same cross section of a square bar, each dimension being the distance between opposite faces.
C
1 5
Size tolerances have not been evolved for rounds in the size range from ⁄4 to ⁄16 in. (6.35 to 7.94 mm), incl. Size tolerances have not been evolved for round sections
1 5
in the size range from ⁄4 (6.35 mm) to approximately ⁄8 in. (15.88 mm) in diameter which are produced on rod mills in coils.
D
Squares in this size are not produced as hot-rolled products.
E
Variations in size of coiled product made on rod mills are greater than size tolerances for product made on bar mills.
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Size of Hot-Finished Hexagonal and Octagonal Bars
Specified Sizes Measured Between Opposite Permissible Variations from Specified Size, in. (mm) Maximum Difference in 3
Sides, Measurements for Hexagons
Over Under
in. (mm) only, in. (mm)
1 1
⁄4 (6.35) to ⁄2 (12.70), incl 0.007 (0.18) 0.007 (0.18) 0.011 (0.28)
Over ⁄2 (12.70) to 1 (25.40), incl 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 0.015 (0.38)
Over 1 (25.40) to 1 ⁄2 (38.10), incl 0.021 (0.53) 0.021 (0.53) 0.025 (0.64)
1 1 1 1
Over 1 ⁄2 (38.10) to 2 (50.80), incl ⁄32 (0.79) ⁄32 (0.79) ⁄32 (0.79)
1 3 3 3
Over 2 (50.80) to 2 ⁄2 (63.50), incl. ⁄64 (1.19) ⁄64 (1.19) ⁄64 (1.19)
1 1 1 1 1
Over 2 ⁄2 (63.50) to 3 ⁄2 (88.90), incl ⁄16 (1.59) ⁄16 (1.59) ⁄16 (1.59)
TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Thickness and Width for Hot-Finished Flat Bars
Permissible Variations in Thickness for Thicknesses Given, in. (mm)
1 1 1
Specified Width, in. (mm) ⁄8 (3.18) to ⁄2 (12.70), incl Over ⁄2 (12.70) to 1 (25.40), incl Over 1 (25.40) to 2 (50.80), incl
Over Under Over Under Over Under
To 1 (25.40), incl 0.008 (0.20) 0.008 (0.20) 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) . .
Over 1 (25.40) to 2 (50.80), incl 0.012 (0.30) 0.012 (0.30) 0.015 (0.38) 0.015 (0.38) 0.031 (0.79) 0.031 (0.79)
Over 2 (50.80) to 4 (101.60), incl 0.015 (0.38) 0.015 (0.38) 0.020 (0.51) 0.020 (0.51) 0.031 (0.79) 0.031 (0.79)
Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40), incl 0.015 (0.38) 0.015 (0.38) 0.020 (0.51) 0.020 (0.51) 0.031 (0.79) 0.031 (0.79)
Over 6 (152.40) to 8 (203.20), incl 0.016 (0.41) 0.016
...