ASTM E1309-00(2005)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1309 – 00 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Guide for
Identification of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite
Materials in Databases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1309; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope reporting requirements for mechanical tests of high-modulus
fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composite materials. This
1.1 This guide establishes essential and desirable data ele-
guide may also be useful for additional tests, for material
ments for fiber-reinforced composite materials for two pur-
identification for databases at the property levels or for other
poses: to establish the material identification component of
uses of material identification of composite materials.
data-reporting requirements for test reporting and to provide
1.6 FromthisinformationandaguidesuchasGuideE1434,
information for the design of material property databases.
the database designer should be able to construct the data
1.1.1 This guide is the first part of a two-part modular
dictionary preparatory to developing a database schema.
approach. The first part serves to identify the material and the
1.7 Data elements in this guide are relevant to test data, data
second part serves to describe testing procedures and variables
as obtained in the test laboratory and historically recorded in
and to record results.
laboratory notebooks. Property data, data that have been
1.1.2 For mechanical testing, the related document is Guide
analyzed and reviewed, require a different level of data
E1434. The interaction of this guide with Guide E1434 is
elements. Data elements for property data are provided in
emphasized by the common numbering of data elements. Data
Annex A1.
Elements A1 through G13 are included in this guide, and
numberingofdataelementsinGuideE1434beginswithH1for
2. Referenced Documents
thenextdataelementblock.Thisguideismostcommonlyused
2.1 ASTM Standards:
in combination with a guide for reporting the test procedures
C274 Terminology of Structural Sandwich Constructions
and results such as Guide E1434.
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
1.2 These guidelines are specific to fiber-reinforced
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
polymer-matrix composite materials. Composite materials,
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
which also contain particulates or precipitated particles, are
Plastics
also included provided they can be described adequately as a
D3410/D3410M Test Method for Compressive Properties
filler in the matrix.
of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials with Unsupported
1.3 The data elements described in this guide are suggested
Gage Section by Shear Loading
for use in recording data in a computerized database, which is
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
different from contractual reporting of test results. The latter
D5467/D5467M Test Method for Compressive Properties
type of information is described in the material specification or
of Unidirectional Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
shown in business transactions and is subject to agreement
Using a Sandwich Beam
between the vendor and the user.
D6507 Practice for Fiber Reinforcement Orientation Codes
1.4 This guide defines the information that is considered
for Composite Materials
essential to uniquely describe a composite material.Additional
E6 TerminologyRelatingtoMethodsofMechanicalTesting
data elements that are considered desirable, but not essential,
E1013 Terminology Relating to Computerized Systems
are also defined. The purpose is to facilitate efficient storage
(Discontinued 2000)
and retrieval of information with a computer and to allow the
E1308 GuideforIdentificationofPolymers(ExcludesTher-
meaningful comparison of data from different sources.
moset Elastomers) in Computerized Material Property
1.5 This guide with Guide E1434 may be referenced by the
Databases (Discontinued 2000)
datareportingsectionofatestmethodtoprovidecommondata
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.01 on Editorial and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Resource Standards.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
the ASTM website.
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E1309 – 00. DOI:
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
10.1520/E1309-00R05.
on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E1309 – 00 (2005)
E1338 Guide for Identification of Metals and Alloys in 3.2.4 data element—one individual piece of information
Computerized Material Property Databases used in describing a material or to record test results. For
example, a variable name, test parameter, and so forth.
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
3.2.5 database schema—in a conceptual schema language,
E1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber- the definition of the representation forms and structure of a
Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases database for the possible collection of all sentences that are in
E1443 Terminology Relating to Building and Accessing the conceptual schema and in the information base, including
Material and Chemical Databases (Discontinued 2000) manipulation aspects of these forms. (ANSI X3.172)
E1471 Guide for Identification of Fibers, Fillers, and Core
3.2.6 essential data element—a data element in a record
Materials in Computerized Material Property Databases
which must be completed in order to make the record mean-
E1484 Guide for Formatting and Use of Material and ingful in accordance with the pertinent guidelines or standard.
Chemical Property Data and Database Quality Indicators (E1443)
(Discontinued 2000)
3.2.6.1 Discussion—Data elements are considered essential
2.2 Other Documents:
iftheyarerequiredtomakeacomparisonofpropertydatafrom
ANSI X3.172-1996 Information Technology—American different sources meaningful. A comparison of data from
different sources may still be possible if essential information
National Standard Dictionary of Information Technology
(ANSDIT) is omitted, but the value of the comparison may be greatly
reduced.
A Glossary of Terms Relating to Data, Data Capture, Data
3.2.7 gel point, n (or gel time)—a point in a cure cycle
Manipulation, and Databases, CODATA Bulletin, Vol 23,
where a thermosetting polymer resin resolidifies after melting.
Nos 1-2, CODATA, Paris, January-June 1991
3.2.8 lay-up, n—a process or fabrication involving the
ISO 8601 Data Elements and Interchange Formats—
placement of successive layers of materials.
Information Interchange—Representation of Dates and
3.2.9 lay-up code, n—a designation system for abbreviating
Times
the stacking sequence of laminated composites. (D3878)
3.2.10 matrix, n—in composite materials, the continuous
3. Terminology
constituent of a composite material which acts as the load
3.1 Definitions—Terminology in accordance with Termi-
transfer mechanism between the discrete dispersed reinforce-
nologies D3878, C274, and E1443 shall be used where
ment constituent.
applicable.
3.2.10.1 Discussion—A composite matrix is a bonding
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
structure which unites, fills, and encloses the composite’s
3.2.1 category set—a closed listing of all possible strings
reinforcement structures.
which could be included in a particular field of a record.
3.2.11 ply count, n—in laminated composite materials, the
(E1443)
number of plies or laminae used to construct the composite.
3.2.2 composite material—a substance consisting of two or
3.2.12 prepreg, n—the admixture of fibrous reinforcement
more materials, insoluble in one another, which are combined
and polymeric matrix used to fabricate composite materials. Its
to form a useful engineering material possessing certain
form may be sheet, tape, or tow. For thermosetting matrices, it
properties not possessed by the constituents.
hasbeenpartiallycuredtoacontrolledviscositycall“Bstage.”
3.2.2.1 Discussion—A composite material is inherently in-
(D3878)
homogeneous on a microscopic scale but can often be assumed
to be homogeneous on a macroscopic scale for certain engi- 3.2.13 sandwich construction, n—a structural panel concept
consisting in its simplest form of two relatively thin sheets of
neering applications. The constituents of a composite retain
their identities; they do not dissolve or otherwise merge structuralmaterialbondedtoandseparatedbyarelativelythick
lightweight core.
completely into each other, although they act in concert.
(D3878)
3.2.14 stacking sequence, n—the arrangement of ply orien-
3.2.3 data dictionary—a collection of the names of all data tations and material components in a laminate specified with
items used in a software system together with relevant prop- respect to some reference direction. (D3878)
erties of those items; for example, length of data item, mode of
3.2.15 value set—an open listing of representative accept-
representation, and so forth. (CODATA)
able strings which could be included in a particular field of a
record. (E1443)
3.2.15.1 Discussion—A closed listing of such string is
4 called a domain or category set.
MIL-HDBK-17-2D, Polymer Matrix Composites, Vol 2, Section 1.6, Feb. 23,
1994, available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
3.2.16 void content, n—the percentage of voids in a com-
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. Attn: NPODS Additional infor-
posite.
mation on handbook availability at http:/mil-17.udel.edu/.
3.2.17 volatiles content, n—the percentage of volatiles
DOD/NASA Advanced Composites Design Guide, Air Force Wright Aeronau-
tical Laboratories, Dayton, OH, prepared by Rockwell International Corp., 1983 which are driven off as vapor from a plastic or an impregnated
(distribution limited).
reinforcement.
MIL-HDBK-17, Vol. 2, Section 1.6.1, available from Standardization Docu-
3.3 Other relevant terminology can be found in Terminolo-
ments Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA
19111-5094, and Terminology D1600 gies E6 and E1013.
E1309 – 00 (2005)
4. Significance and Use limited number of material systems. This guide provides both
essential data elements and data elements that are considered
4.1 This guide provides the recommended data elements for
desirable but not essential. Data elements are considered
the identification of fiber-reinforced composite materials. The
essential if they are required to make a meaningful comparison
ASTM standards for which this guide was developed are listed
of property data from different sources.
in 2.1. The recommended data elements can be used with
4.7 Identification of constituent materials of the composites
experimental data records and analyzed property records.
is included to the level considered necessary for identification
4.2 Theintentofthisguideistoprovidesufficientdetailthat
of the composite. Additional information may be necessary
values are known for the material parameters that may influ-
when the constituent is considered independently. Guides for
encetestresultsormaterialpropertyvalues.Themotivationfor
polymers (E1308), metals (E1338), and reinforcements
this guide is the steadily increasing use of computerized
(E1471) should be consulted in this case.
databases. However, these guidelines are equally appropriate
for data stored in a hard-copy form. 4.8 Comparison of property data from different databases
4.3 This guide is for material identification and description will be most meaningful if all the essential information defined
only. It does not include the recommended data elements for by the guide is present. Comparison may still be possible if
mechanical test data or other specific types of test data. These essential information is omitted, but the usefulness of the
items are covered by separate formats to be referenced in
comparison may be greatly reduced.
material specifications or other test standards.
4.9 This information should not be considered restrictive.
4.4 Composite materials are defined as two or more mate-
For example, a database designer may find it useful to
rials that are combined on a macroscale. There is a gray area
aggregate several data elements, such as all data elements in a
between composites and other material classes. Two examples
test method data element set or the material and chemical
of this gray area between polymer matrix composites and
classes,intoasinglefield.Thismayaffectsearchstrategiesand
plastics are toughened polystyrene and liquid crystal polymer.
other database operations.These considerations are beyond the
The present guide may be used to help the database designer
scope of this guide.
determine how to handle materials that fall into this gray area.
The selection of which guide to use, this guide or Guide E1308
5. Data Reporting
for plastics, should depend on whether the additional data
5.1 This guide is intended to provide common data report-
elements in this guide are required by the data user, as follows.
ing requirements for material identification when used for
If information on orientation and form of reinforcement is
reporting testing and material properties based on accumulated
needed by the intended data/database user, the composite
results from a number of tests. The data reporting section of
materials guide may be more useful since it contains data
standard test methods may reference this guide for material
elements for this information. Appendix X1 contains a table,
identificationinconjunctionwithGuideE1434forrecordingof
which provides guidelines for distinguishing between rein-
the test procedure, parameters, and results. In addition, such a
forced polymers and polymer matrix composites.
data reporting section may identify any usage specific to that
4.5 Composite materials consist of a matrix phase and one
document. One example of usage specific to a test method is
or more discrete reinforcements. Reinforcements may be
Test Method D5467/D5467M, which may require additional
interpreted broadly to include any macroscale second material,
information to identify the core material
...