Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion, appearance, and windload resistance of extruded single-wall siding manufactured from rigid (unplasticized) PVC compound. The siding shall be made of one or more layers of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound. Any layers of materials other than poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound shall be kept to less than 20% by volume. The PVC compound when extruded into siding shall maintain uniform color and be free of any visual surface or structural changes, such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, or pitting. The PVC compound shall be compounded so as to provide the heat stability and weather exposure stability required for the siding market application. PVC siding shall not contain elemental lead (Pb) or compounds of that material other than traces incidental to raw materials or the manufacturing process. This limitation applies to both PVC substrate and to any cap or film material. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of length and width, thickness, camber, heat shrinkage, impact resistance, coefficient of linear expansion, gloss, surface distortion, color, weathering, windload resistance, and nail slot allowance for thermal expansion.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion, appearance, and wind load resistance of extruded single-wall siding manufactured from rigid (unplasticized) PVC compound. Methods of indicating compliance with this specification are also provided.  
1.2 The use PVC recycled plastic in this product shall be in accordance with the requirements in Section 4.  
1.3 Rigid (unplasticized) PVC soffit is covered in Specification D4477.  
1.4 Siding produced to this specification shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions for the specific product to be installed.  
Note 1: Information with regard to siding maintenance shall be obtained from the manufacturer.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2024
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics

Relations

Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-May-2022
Effective Date
15-Nov-2019
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Apr-2024

Overview

ASTM D3679-24 is the internationally recognized standard specification for rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) siding. Published by ASTM International, this standard sets forth comprehensive requirements for the production and testing of extruded, single-wall PVC siding intended for use as exterior wall cladding. It covers key performance characteristics such as materials composition, dimensional tolerances, heat and weather resistance, impact strength, and windload resistance. Strict formulation rules prohibit the use of elemental lead and limit non-PVC materials, ensuring product safety and environmental responsibility.

Key Topics

  • Material Composition

    • Siding must be primarily constructed from rigid (unplasticized) PVC.
    • Layers of non-PVC materials are limited to less than 20% by volume.
    • Use of recycled PVC is permitted, subject to strict quality and performance criteria.
  • Physical and Mechanical Properties

    • Dimensional accuracy is required for length, width, and thickness.
    • Impact resistance, camber, and heat shrinkage must meet or exceed minimum values.
    • Coefficient of linear expansion is restricted to maintain product stability under temperature changes.
  • Surface and Visual Quality

    • Uniform color and glossiness across all products is mandatory.
    • Siding must be free from defects such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, or pitting.
    • Nail slots must be dimensioned appropriately to accommodate thermal movement during installation.
  • Weathering and Windload Resistance

    • Products are tested for color change, gloss, and structural integrity after exposure to outdoor elements.
    • Minimum windload resistance is set, ensuring siding remains secure under high wind conditions, as per established building codes.
  • Safety and Environmental Considerations

    • The use of elemental lead is strictly limited to trace amounts only.
    • Manufacturers must demonstrate compliance through standardized lead detection tests.

Applications

Rigid PVC siding specified under ASTM D3679-24 is widely used in residential and light commercial construction for exterior wall cladding. Practical applications include:

  • Single-family and multi-family homes
    Provides a durable, low-maintenance, and aesthetically versatile exterior finish.
  • Commercial buildings
    Offers protection against weather, impacts, and wind, contributing to energy efficiency and long-term value.
  • Renovations and retrofits
    Replaces aging or damaged exterior finishes with a lightweight, easy-to-install option.
  • Sustainable construction
    Recycled PVC content is allowed, supporting green building initiatives and compliance with environmental standards.

For proper performance, installations must strictly follow manufacturers' guidelines and recommended practices to ensure compliance with ASTM D3679-24 requirements.

Related Standards

  • ASTM D4477: Specification for rigid (unplasticized) PVC soffit.
  • ASTM D4756: Practice for installation of rigid PVC siding and soffit (withdrawn, but referenced for historical installations).
  • ASTM D4226: Test methods for impact resistance of rigid PVC building products.
  • ASTM D5206: Test method for windload resistance of rigid plastic siding.
  • ASCE 7-10: Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures.
  • International Building Code (IBC) & International Residential Code (IRC): Recognize and reference ASTM D3679 for code compliance.
  • VSI Vinyl Siding Installation Manual: Best practices and industry guidelines for siding installation.

Keywords: ASTM D3679-24, PVC siding, rigid vinyl siding, exterior cladding, building code compliance, weathering resistance, windload resistance, recycled PVC, plastic building products, ASTM standards.

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Frequently Asked Questions

ASTM D3679-24 is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification establishes requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion, appearance, and windload resistance of extruded single-wall siding manufactured from rigid (unplasticized) PVC compound. The siding shall be made of one or more layers of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound. Any layers of materials other than poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound shall be kept to less than 20% by volume. The PVC compound when extruded into siding shall maintain uniform color and be free of any visual surface or structural changes, such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, or pitting. The PVC compound shall be compounded so as to provide the heat stability and weather exposure stability required for the siding market application. PVC siding shall not contain elemental lead (Pb) or compounds of that material other than traces incidental to raw materials or the manufacturing process. This limitation applies to both PVC substrate and to any cap or film material. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of length and width, thickness, camber, heat shrinkage, impact resistance, coefficient of linear expansion, gloss, surface distortion, color, weathering, windload resistance, and nail slot allowance for thermal expansion. SCOPE 1.1 This specification establishes requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion, appearance, and wind load resistance of extruded single-wall siding manufactured from rigid (unplasticized) PVC compound. Methods of indicating compliance with this specification are also provided. 1.2 The use PVC recycled plastic in this product shall be in accordance with the requirements in Section 4. 1.3 Rigid (unplasticized) PVC soffit is covered in Specification D4477. 1.4 Siding produced to this specification shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions for the specific product to be installed. Note 1: Information with regard to siding maintenance shall be obtained from the manufacturer. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT This specification establishes requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion, appearance, and windload resistance of extruded single-wall siding manufactured from rigid (unplasticized) PVC compound. The siding shall be made of one or more layers of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound. Any layers of materials other than poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound shall be kept to less than 20% by volume. The PVC compound when extruded into siding shall maintain uniform color and be free of any visual surface or structural changes, such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, or pitting. The PVC compound shall be compounded so as to provide the heat stability and weather exposure stability required for the siding market application. PVC siding shall not contain elemental lead (Pb) or compounds of that material other than traces incidental to raw materials or the manufacturing process. This limitation applies to both PVC substrate and to any cap or film material. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of length and width, thickness, camber, heat shrinkage, impact resistance, coefficient of linear expansion, gloss, surface distortion, color, weathering, windload resistance, and nail slot allowance for thermal expansion. SCOPE 1.1 This specification establishes requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion, appearance, and wind load resistance of extruded single-wall siding manufactured from rigid (unplasticized) PVC compound. Methods of indicating compliance with this specification are also provided. 1.2 The use PVC recycled plastic in this product shall be in accordance with the requirements in Section 4. 1.3 Rigid (unplasticized) PVC soffit is covered in Specification D4477. 1.4 Siding produced to this specification shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions for the specific product to be installed. Note 1: Information with regard to siding maintenance shall be obtained from the manufacturer. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D3679-24 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ASTM D3679-24 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D3679-21, ASTM D5206-24, ASTM D4477-24, ASTM D4477-22, ASTM D5206-19, ASTM D7793-24, ASTM D7445-18, ASTM D4803-24, ASTM E2266-22, ASTM D7254-21, ASTM D2457-21, ASTM D8484-23. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

ASTM D3679-24 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3679 − 24 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3679; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification establishes requirements and test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
methods for the materials, dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
strength, expansion, appearance, and wind load resistance of
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and
extruded single-wall siding manufactured from rigid (unplas-
Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
ticized) PVC compound. Methods of indicating compliance
D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-
with this specification are also provided.
sion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous
Silica Dilatometer
1.2 The use PVC recycled plastic in this product shall be in
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
accordance with the requirements in Section 4.
D1042 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
1.3 Rigid (unplasticized) PVC soffit is covered in Specifi-
Plastics Caused by Exposure to Heat and Moisture
cation D4477.
D1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics
1.4 Siding produced to this specification shall be installed in
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-
accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions for
tics (Withdrawn 2024)
the specific product to be installed.
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
NOTE 1—Information with regard to siding maintenance shall be
obtained from the manufacturer. Coordinates
D2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films and
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Solid Plastics
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
D4226 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Poly-
and are not considered standard.
(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Building Products
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test
D4477 Specification for Rigid (Unplasticized) Poly(Vinyl
method portion only, Section 6, of this specification: This
Chloride) (PVC) Soffit
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
D5033 Guide for Development of ASTM Standards Relating
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
to Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics (Withdrawn
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
2007)
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
D5206 Test Method for Windload Resistance of Rigid Plas-
regulatory limitations prior to use.
tic Siding
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
Plastics Specimens
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the E1753 Practice for Use of Qualitative Chemical Spot Test
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Kits for Detection of Lead in Dry Paint Films
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetal-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. lic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.24 on Plastic Building contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Products. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2024. Published April 2024. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D3679 – 21. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D3679-24. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3679 − 24
2.2 ASCE Standard: such that it is capable of resisting 100 % of positive and
ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and negative wind pressures occurring under design conditions at
Other Structures the building location; and 2) with the standard fastening
method specified in building codes, general installation
2.3 International Code Council:
instructions, and the siding manufacturer’s instructions.
International Building Code
International Residential Code
3.2.6.2 alternative wind load design pressure rating—the
2.4 Vinyl Siding Institute, Inc.: wind load design pressure rating for a siding product when
VSI Vinyl Siding Installation Manual (2015) installed over a sheathing not designed and attached such that
it is capable of resisting 100 % of positive and negative wind
2.5 Structural Building Components Association:
pressures occurring under design conditions at the building
ANSI/SBCA FS 100-2012 Standard Requirements for Wind
location, or when the siding is not fastened in the standard way;
Pressure Resistance of Foam Plastic Insulating Sheathing
as specified by the manufacturer.
Used in Exterior Wall Covering Assemblies
3.2.6.3 Discussion—The standard test conditions,
3. Terminology
configuration, and fastening method used in this Specification
3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminologies D883,
are specified in 6.14, while alternative sheathing and installa-
E631, and D1600, unless otherwise specified.
tion conditions are specified by the manufacturer and must be
reflected in the product’s installation instructions. Alternative
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ratings apply only when the specified sheathing and fastening
3.2.1 center-pinning—an installation technique in which the
conditions are used. See Annex A1 for information on differ-
siding panel is fastened tightly through the nail slot at the
ences between the standard wind load design pressure rating
center length of the panel, in order to cause thermal expansion
and alternative wind load design pressure ratings, and how to
and contraction to occur equally in both directions from the
determine standard and alternative design pressure ratings.
center.
3.2.7 vinyl siding—a shaped material, made principally
3.2.2 heavily textured siding—in this standard, any vinyl
from rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), that is used to clad
siding using separate postextrusion processing to produce a
exterior walls of buildings.
textured surface.
3.2.7.1 Discussion—Any exception to a homogeneous rigid
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Post-extrusion-forming does not in-
PVC compound is present in a coextruded or laminated
clude embossing of the surface or forming of the faces of the
capstock.
profile, but does include such processes as heat forming,
vacuum forming and compression molding applied to the
4. Materials and Manufacture
surface after the profile is extruded.
4.1 The siding shall be made of one or more layers of
3.2.3 nominal—the value that a manufacturer consistently
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound. Any layers of materials
uses to represent a specific property or dimension of a vinyl
other than poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound shall be kept
siding product in public claims including, but not limited to,
to less than 20 % by volume.
product literature, advertisements, quotations, and certificates
4.2 Where rigid PVC recycled plastic as defined in Guide
of conformance.
D5033 is used, the siding containing the PVC recycled plastic
3.2.4 process average thickness—the rolling, arithmetic
shall meet all of the requirements of Section 3, Terminology;
mean of average specimen thicknesses measured according to
Section 4, Materials and Manufacture; and Section 5, Physical
6.5 for a specific product during all productions runs for the
Requirements.
most recent six month period.
4.3 The poly(vinyl chloride) siding material, when tested in
3.2.5 temperate northern climate—in weather testing, a
accordance with Test Method D635, shall not exceed an
North American metropolitan area testing site located within
average extent of burn of 4 in. (100 mm), with an average time
73 to 100°W longitude and 37 to 45°N latitude.
of burn not to exceed 10 s. A minimum sample thickness of
3.2.6 wind load design pressure rating—the maximum wind
0.035 in. (0.9 mm) is required. (Warning—The flammability
pressure that a vinyl siding product is rated to withstand, based testing data, conclusions, and recommendations of Test
on testing under Test Method D5206; there are two types of
Method D635 related solely to the measurement and descrip-
wind load design pressure rating used in this standard: tion of properties for classification of the poly(vinyl chloride)
siding material in response to flame under controlled laboratory
3.2.6.1 standard wind load design pressure rating—the
conditions and shall not be used for the description or appraisal
wind load design pressure rating for a siding product when
of the fire hazard of vinyl siding under actual fire conditions.)
installed 1) over a sheathing material designed and attached
4.4 The PVC compound when extruded into siding shall
maintain uniform color and be free of any visual surface or
Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander
structural changes, such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking,
Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org.
or pitting.
Available from International Code Council (ICC), 500 New Jersey Ave., NW,
6th Floor, Washington, DC 20001, http://www.iccsafe.org.
4.5 The PVC compound shall be compounded so as to
National Housing Center, 1201 15th Street NW, Suite 220, Washington, DC
provide the heat stability and weather exposure stability
20005, http://www.vinylsiding.org
6300 Enterprise Lane, Madison, WI 53719, http://www.sbcindustry.com required for the siding market application.
D3679 − 24
4.6 PVC siding shall not contain elemental lead (Pb) or chromatic coordinates thereof shall not change by more than
compounds of that material other than traces incidental to raw 6Δa = 1.0 and 6Δb = 1.0.
H H
materials or the manufacturing process. This limitation applies
5.10 Weathering—The siding shall maintain a uniform color
to both PVC substrate and to any cap or film material.
and be free of any visual surface or structural changes such as
Compliance with this requirement shall be demonstrated by
peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, and pitting when tested in
one of the methods in 6.16.
accordance with 6.10.
NOTE 3—Weathering-conformance-testing requirements are to reflect
5. Physical Requirements
performance of a “typical” extrusion siding profile representing a specific
color of PVC compound and a specific extrusion technology. In no case is
5.1 Length and Width—Actual length shall not be less than
there an implied requirement for testing all the various shaped and sized
⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) of the nominal length and the actual width shall
siding profiles produced in this color. The lengthy outdoor weatherability
be within 6 ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) of the nominal width when
testing for new products may be performed concurrently with market
measured in accordance with 6.3 and 6.4.
development and sales of siding to existing markets. Completion of
weatherability testing prior to marketing of the product is not required.
5.2 Thickness—Except for heavily textured siding, these
5.11 Wind Load Resistance—The siding shall withstand a
requirements pertain only to measurements of the portions of
minimum static test pressure and a standard wind load design
the siding that are exposed after installation of the panel,
pressure rating shall be determined.
measured in accordance with the procedure in 6.5. For heavily
5.11.1 Minimum Test Pressure—The siding panel(s) shall be
textured siding, these requirements apply to the portion of the
able to withstand a minimum static test pressure of 22.5
siding selected for measurement in accordance with 6.5. The
lbf/ft (1077 Pa) when tested in accordance with 6.14. The
average thickness of each specimen shall be no less than 0.035
average maximum sustained static test pressure determined in
in. No individual measurement shall be thinner than 0.003 in.
6.14 shall be equal to or greater than this value.
below the nominal thickness. The process average thickness as
defined in 3.2.4 shall be no thinner than 0.001 in. below the
NOTE 4—The static test pressure of 22.5 lbf/ft (1077 Pa) was estab-
nominal thickness. lished to withstand structural loading conditions that occur in wind
exposures of approximately 110 mph (177 km/h) (V ) for mean roof
ASD
5.3 Camber—A full length of siding (typically 10 or 12 ft
heights of 30 ft (9.1 m) and less in exposure category B, and corresponds
(3.05 or 3.61 m)) shall not have a camber greater than ⁄8 in.
to 30.0 lbf/ft (1436 Pa) negative design pressure, to match the default
(3.2 mm) when measured in accordance with 6.6. wind design conditions of Table 703.3(1) in the 2015 International
Residential Code.
5.4 Heat Shrinkage—The average heat shrinkage shall not
NOTE 5—Refer to Annex A1 for an explanation as to how the negative
exceed 3.0 % when determined by the method described in 6.7.
design pressure was established, and for applications where effective
negative design pressure as specified in ASCE 7-10 is different from 30.00
5.5 Impact Resistance—Siding shall have a minimum im-
lbf/ft (1436 Pa) (for example, wind-zone areas greater than 110 mph (177
pact strength of 60 in.·lbf (6.78 J) when tested in accordance
km/h) (V ) (225 km/h (V )) or mean roof height above 30 ft (9.1 m),
ASD ULT
with 6.8.
or exposures other than exposure category B).
5.11.1.1 The design-pressure values can be negative (suc-
5.6 Coeffıcient of Linear Expansion—The siding shall have
-5
tion loads) or positive. The negative values are the largest in
a coefficient of linear expansion not greater than 4.5 by 10
−5
magnitude and are the values used in this specification.
in./in./°F (8.1 by 10 mm/mm/°C) when tested in accordance
with 6.9.
NOTE 6—In that the siding is being tested as a weather-resistant exterior
product applied to an existing exterior structural wall, forces (negative)
5.7 Gloss—The gloss of smooth and embossed siding shall
working to pull the siding off the wall, fasteners, or disengage locks will
be uniform across the exposed surface. The average of all
be the most important criteria for testing. Positive wind forces test the
readings for a panel determined in 6.11.2.5 shall not differ from
integrity of the total wall sections, and do not provide a measure of the
the manufacturer’s specified gloss value more than the permit- performance of the siding.
ted variation in Table 1, and each individual reading shall not
5.11.2 Standard Wind Load Design Pressure Rating—The
vary more than 10 points from the average. Gloss of smooth
standard wind load design pressure rating shall be determined
and embossed siding shall be tested in accordance with 6.11.
from the results of testing in accordance with 6.14, using the
TABLE 1
procedures described in A1.3.
Manufacturer’s Specified Permitted difference
NOTE 7—The standard design pressure rating is valid for applications
Gloss Value from
where the siding is installed over sheathing and its fastening that are
Mfg. Spec. Gloss
capable of independently resisting both positive and negative wind
Value
pressures occurring under design conditions at the building location. For
Less than or equal to 35 ±8
Greater than 35 ±10 applications over other sheathing, a different design pressure rating is
applicable, and is determined in accordance with A1.3. Determination of
5.8 Surface Distortion—The siding shall be free of bulges,
a rating other than the standard design pressure rating is not required by
waves, and ripples when tested to a minimum temperature of
this section.
120°F (49°C) in accordance with the procedure in 6.12. This
5.11.3 Alternative Design Pressure Ratings—Design pres-
distortion is called “oil-canning.”
sure ratings other than the standard wind load design pressure
5.9 Uniformity of Color—When tested in accordance with rating, for use with different sheathing materials or using
6.13, the total color change, ΔE, between a production speci- different installation or fastening, are permitted to be deter-
men and the appropriate reference specimen or agreed-upon mined in accordance with testing under 6.14, using the
color coordinates shall not vary by more than 1.5, and the procedures in Annex A1.
D3679 − 24
5.12 Nail Slot Allowance for Thermal Expansion—For sid- dicular to the butt edge. Average the measurements. The
ing panels utilizing nail slots to allow for thermal expansion average constitutes the exposed width of siding.
and contraction, the nail slot shall be sized to allow for the
6.5 Thickness—Thickness shall be measured in accordance
expected range of expansion and contraction over a range of
with Test Method A of Test Method D5947. The micrometer
100°F. Compliance with this requirement shall be demon-
shall be calibrated in accordance with Section 8 of Test Method
strated either by the test method in 6.15 or by sizing of the nail
D5947. All measurements shall be taken to the nearest 0.001
slots according to the specifications in the following sections.
inch. Calculate and report the average of these measurements.
The instrument used shall be capable of measuring to the
Also report the thinnest individual measurement.
nearest 0.01 in. The manufacturing tolerance shall not exceed
6.5.1 Non-Heavily Textured Siding—The thickness of the
-0.030 inch.
siding shall be measured at a minimum of five locations
5.12.1 For panels shorter than 6 ft (1829 mm) in length, the
equally spaced across the entire portion of the siding that will
minimum nail slot width shall be ⁄8 in. (11.4 mm).
be exposed after installation.
5.12.2 For panels 6 ft (1829 mm) in length or longer the
6.5.2 Heavily Textured Siding—The thickness of the siding
minimum nail slot width shall be determined according to the
shall be measured at a minimum of five locations on a flat
following formula. The minimum width shall be the width
surface such as an end tab or other surface that is representative
resulting from application of the formula, rounded to the next
of the extruded thickness. More than one panel shall be used as
lower quarter-inch. Regardless of the results of the calculation,
necessary to provide a random selection of measurement
the minimum nail slot width for panels 6 feet or longer shall be
locations.
1 in. (25.4 mm).
6.6 Camber—Place a full length of siding (typically 10 or
WS 5 P × α × 100 °F × L 1T (1)
~ !
c c
12 ft (3.05 or 3.61 m)) on a flat surface alongside a straightedge
where:
at least as long as the siding specimen. Measure the maximum
space between edge of the siding specimen and the straight-
WS = Minimum width of nail slot, in.
P = Center-pinning coefficient: 1 if manufacturer’s in- edge for each edge to the nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm).
c
structions require panel to be center-pinned; 1.5 if
6.7 Heat Shrinkage:
center-pinning is not required
6.7.1 Apparatus:
-5
α = Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, 4.5 × 10
6.7.1.1 Scriber, similar to that described in Test Method
in./in./°F or actual known coefficient for material
D1042, with the exception that the needle points shall be
used, as determined by 6.9
separated by 10 6 0.01 in. (254 6 0.254 mm).
L = Length of panel, inches
6.7.1.2 Test Media, a controlled-temperature water bath of 5
T = Centering tolerance: 0.25 in.
c
gal (10 L) or more, equipped with an efficient stirrer that will
6. Test Methods maintain uniform temperature throughout. Heater and
temperature-control devices must maintain the water at 160 6
6.1 General—The inspection and test procedures contained
1°F (71 6 0.5°C). Use a wire rack to raise and lower
in this section are used to determine the conformance of
specimens into the water bath. As an alternative to the use of a
products to the requirements of this specification. Each pro-
water bath, the specimens may be heated for 30 min in a
ducer who represents its products as conforming to this
uniformly heated forced-air oven maintained at a temperature
specification shall be permitted to use statistically based
of 160 6 1°F (71 6 0.5°C).
sampling plans that are appropriate for each manufacturing
6.7.1.3 Make measurements with any device capable of
process, but shall keep the essential records necessary to
measuring the distance between two scribe marks to the nearest
document, with a high degree of assurance, his claim that all of
0.01 in. (0.254 mm).
the requirements of this specification have been met.
6.7.2 Procedure:
6.2 Conditioning and Test Conditions—Condition the test
6.7.2.1 Scribing shall be done on either the front or back
specimen in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618 and
surface of the siding as necessary to provide a clean, recog-
test under those conditions, unless otherwise specified herein.
nizable line.
6.3 Length—Lay the specimen on a flat surface and measure
6.7.2.2 Cut three specimens from the siding panel, each 1 in.
with a steel tape. Measure the length of a siding panel to the
(25.4 mm) wide by 12 in. (305 mm) long. Cut one specimen
nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) at the center, the butt edge, and the
from the center and one from each of the extreme edges of the
bottom of the top lock. The average of the three measurements
flat surface. The long axis shall be parallel to the machine
is the actual length.
direction.
6.7.2.3 Condition specimens at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C)
6.4 Width—Interlock two specimens, each at least 26 in.
and 50 6 10 % relative humidity for at least 24 hours.
(660 mm) long, in the normal mode for installation. Lay the
6.7.2.4 Make a slight mark with the scribe on each specimen
two specimens on a flat surface. Measure to the nearest ⁄16 in.
so that a reference point will be clearly visible.
(1.6 mm), the distance between the lowest butt edge of the top
6.7.2.5 Place specimens in the test medium.
specimen and the lowest butt edge of the bottom specimen.
Commencing approximately one in. (25 mm) from one end of 6.7.2.6 Remove specimens after 30 min and place on a flat
surface until cool.
the specimens, make 5 measurements at 6-in. (152-mm)
intervals, making sure that the measurement is made perpen- 6.7.2.7 Repeat conditioning in accordance with 6.7.2.3.
D3679 − 24
6.7.2.8 Make a second mark with the scribe on each appearance and surface condition. Record observations and
specimen, using the same center. inspection date in a permanent record.
6.7.2.9 Measure the distance, D, between the scribe marks
6.11 Gloss:
to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.254 mm).
6.11.1 Apparatus—Measure gloss using a 75° geometry
6.7.2.10 Calculate the percent shrinkage as (D/10) × 100.
glossmeter that meets the requirements of the Apparatus
6.7.2.11 Report the average shrinkage of the three speci-
section of D2457.
mens tested.
6.11.2 Procedure:
6.11.2.1 Gloss measurements shall be made in accordance
6.8 Impact Resistance—Test impact resistance of siding in
with the procedure in Section 9 of D2457, unless otherwise
accordance with Test Method D4226, Procedure A, impactor
specified herein.
head configuration H.25. 4 in.-lb increments (0.5 in. height
increments with 8 lb falling weight) shall be used. Minimum 6.11.2.2 Measure gloss on one piece of siding on at least
three widely separated sections across the width of the exposed
sample dimensions shall be 1.5 by 1.5 in. Samples shall be
tested with the normally exposed surface facing up. Condition- surface of the panel. At least one reading shall be taken on each
face of the panel. Care needs to be taken to ensure that a new
ing time for quality-control tests shall be at least 1 hour.
surface area is used for each reading since instrument contact
6.8.1 For purposes of evaluating failure of the specimen
may leave scratches on the specimen surface. The area tested
under 3.2.1 of Test Method D4226, a ductile tear of less than
must be flat. If a flat area on the exposed surface cannot be
0.2 in. (5 mm) in length shall not be considered a failure. Any
found due to the style or depth of embossing of the panel being
brittle break of any dimensions is considered a failure.
tested, then a non-exposed area of the panel shall be chosen in
6.9 Coeffıcient of Linear Expansion—Conduct this test in
its place. Such locations shall be representative of the gloss of
accordance with Test Method D696.
the area that will be exposed after installation.
6.9.1 Alternative Specimen Preparation—Specimens pre-
6.11.2.3 Measure gloss parallel to the direction of emboss-
pared from strips cut from extruded siding are permitted to be
ing. When the embossing pattern is not apparent, measure the
used in testing under Test Method D696. Where such speci-
gloss in the direction of extrusion.
mens are used, they shall be cut with the long dimension
6.11.2.4 Each reading shall be within the appropriate limit
parallel to the long axis of the siding panel. Guides shall be
specified in 5.7.
used in accordance with Test Method D696 to prevent bending
6.11.2.5 The average of all readings shall be used to
or twisting of the specimen in the dilatometer.
represent the gloss of the sample.
6.10 Weatherability:
6.12 Surface Distortion:
6.10.1 A minimum of three samples shall be exposed at each
6.12.1 Test Specimen/Apparatus:
of at least three test sites. Test sites shall be located in a
6.12.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of three courses of
northern temperate climate, represented by Cleveland, Ohio or
siding, a minimum of 6 ft (1.83 m) in length, mounted on a flat
Louisville, Kentucky; a hot, humid climate represented by
rigid frame in accordance with the manufacturer’s recom-
Miami, Florida; and a hot, dry climate represented by Phoenix,
mended installation instructions.
Arizona. The samples shall be exposed for a minimum of 24
6.12.1.2 Heat-sensing elements shall be located at the mid-
months.
point of the backside of the second course of siding.
6.10.2 Samples shall consist of a flat section of siding with
6.12.1.3 Radiant-Heat Rod, 600 W for each linear foot (0.31
minimum dimensions of 2 in. by 3 ⁄4 in. (25 mm by 95 mm).
m), mounted parallel to the middle course and approximately
6.10.3 Samples shall be representative of the product to be
32 in. (810 mm) away from the surface of the siding.
evaluated.
6.12.1.4 Temperature-Control Device, used to regulate the
temperature of the radiant-heat rod, shall be able to maintain
NOTE 8—Samples prepared in the laboratory in the same manner as
commercial samples are permitted to be used as an alternative to a
the conditions specified in 6.12.2.1.
commercial part. If the commercial product is extruded, the laboratory
6.12.2 Procedure:
specimen must be extruded; if the commercial product is injection
6.12.2.1 Heat the test panel (second course of siding) at a
molded, the laboratory specimen must be injection molded, and so forth.
rate of 3.0 to 6.0°F/min (1.7 to 3.3°C/min) until a minimum
6.10.4 Select a minimum of four specimens per sample per
temperature of 120°F (49°C) is achieved as measured by the
test site to allow for three test specimens and one file specimen
heat-sensing element on the midpoint of the backside of the
for each sample evaluated.
second course. During this heating period, observe the test
6.10.5 Mark each specimen permanently to ensure retention
panel for surface distortion.
of identity during and after exposure testing.
6.12.2.2 Failure is defined as the appearance of bulges,
waves, or ripples before a temperature of 120°F (49°C) is
NOTE 9—Use of a vibratool leaves a permanent mark that satisfies this
criterion. reached.
6.10.6 All exposures shall be conducted at an angle of 45°
6.13 Color Uniformity—Calculate the difference between
South, plywood backed, in accordance with Practices D1435
the L , a , and b color coordinates for a production specimen
H H H
and G147.
to those of either the appropriate reference specimen or the
6.10.7 After a minimum of 24 months of exposure, remove agreed upon color coordinates for that specific color product in
the samples and inspect each exposed test specimen for accordance with Test Method D2244. Calculate the total
D3679 − 24
difference ΔE between the production specimen and the 6.15.3 Length Measurement—A means for measuring the
reference specimen in accordance with Test Method D2244. length of each sample throughout the temperature range shall
be provided. The method utilized for length measurement shall
6.14 Wind Load Resistance—Conduct the test on wind load
not be influenced by the temperature of the chamber and shall
resistance of finished siding in accordance with Test Method
have a minimum resolution of no greater than 0.0625 in. (1.59
D5206. The average maximum sustained static test pressure
mm).
determined from this testing is used in 5.11. For purposes of
6.15.4 P
...


This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3679 − 21 D3679 − 24 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3679; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification establishes requirements and test methods for the materials, dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength,
expansion, appearance, and wind load resistance of extruded single-wall siding manufactured from rigid (unplasticized) PVC
compound. Methods of indicating compliance with this specification are also provided.
1.2 The use PVC recycled plastic in this product shall be in accordance with the requirements in Section 4.
1.3 Rigid (unplasticized) PVC soffit is covered in Specification D4477.
1.4 Siding produced to this specification shall be installed in accordance with Practice D4756. Reference shall also be made to
the manufacturer’s installation instructions for the specific product to be installed.
NOTE 1—Information with regard to siding maintenance shall be obtained from the manufacturer.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 6, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.24 on Plastic Building Products.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021April 1, 2024. Published September 2021April 2024. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 20172021 as
D3679 – 17.D3679 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/D3679-21.10.1520/D3679-24.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3679 − 24
D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous Silica
Dilatometer
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1042 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Plastics Caused by Exposure to Heat and Moisture
D1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics (Withdrawn 2024)
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films and Solid Plastics
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
D4226 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Building Products
D4477 Specification for Rigid (Unplasticized) Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Soffit
D4756 Practice for Installation of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding and Soffit (Withdrawn 2023)
D5033 Guide for Development of ASTM Standards Relating to Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics (Withdrawn 2007)
D5206 Test Method for Windload Resistance of Rigid Plastic Siding
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E1753 Practice for Use of Qualitative Chemical Spot Test Kits for Detection of Lead in Dry Paint Films
G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
2.2 ASCE Standard:
ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
2.3 International Code Council:
International Building Code
International Residential Code
2.4 Vinyl Siding Institute, Inc.:
VSI Vinyl Siding Installation Manual (2015)
2.5 Structural Building Components Association:
ANSI/SBCA FS 100-2012 Standard Requirements for Wind Pressure Resistance of Foam Plastic Insulating Sheathing Used in
Exterior Wall Covering Assemblies
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminologies D883, E631, and D1600, unless otherwise specified.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 center-pinning—an installation technique in which the siding panel is fastened tightly through the nail slot at the center
length of the panel, in order to cause thermal expansion and contraction to occur equally in both directions from the center.
3.2.2 heavily textured siding—in this standard, any vinyl siding using separate postextrusion processing to produce a textured
surface.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—
Post-extrusion-forming does not include embossing of the surface or forming of the faces of the profile, but does include such
processes as heat forming, vacuum forming and compression molding applied to the surface after the profile is extruded.
3.2.3 nominal—the value that a manufacturer consistently uses to represent a specific property or dimension of a vinyl siding
product in public claims including, but not limited to, product literature, advertisements, quotations, and certificates of
conformance.
3.2.4 process average thickness—the rolling, arithmetic mean of average specimen thicknesses measured according to 6.5 for a
specific product during all productions runs for the most recent six month period.
3.2.5 temperate northern climate—in weather testing, a North American metropolitan area testing site located within 73 to 100°W
longitude and 37 to 45°N latitude.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org.
Available from International Code Council (ICC), 500 New Jersey Ave., NW, 6th Floor, Washington, DC 20001, http://www.iccsafe.org.
National Housing Center, 1201 15th Street NW, Suite 220, Washington, DC 20005, http://www.vinylsiding.org
6300 Enterprise Lane, Madison, WI 53719, http://www.sbcindustry.com
D3679 − 24
3.2.6 wind load design pressure rating—the maximum wind pressure that a vinyl siding product is rated to withstand, based on
testing under Test Method D5206; there are two types of wind load design pressure rating used in this standard:
3.2.6.1 standard wind load design pressure rating—the wind load design pressure rating for a siding product when installed 1)
over a sheathing material designed and attached such that it is capable of resisting 100 % of positive and negative wind pressures
occurring under design conditions at the building location; and 2) with the standard fastening method specified in building codes,
general installation instructions, and the siding manufacturer’s instructions.
3.2.6.2 alternative wind load design pressure rating—the wind load design pressure rating for a siding product when installed
over a sheathing not designed and attached such that it is capable of resisting 100 % of positive and negative wind pressures
occurring under design conditions at the building location, or when the siding is not fastened in the standard way; as specified by
the manufacturer.
3.2.6.3 Discussion—
The standard test conditions, configuration, and fastening method used in this Specification are specified in 6.14, while alternative
sheathing and installation conditions are specified by the manufacturer and must be reflected in the product’s installation
instructions. Alternative ratings apply only when the specified sheathing and fastening conditions are used. See Annex A1 for
information on differences between the standard wind load design pressure rating and alternative wind load design pressure ratings,
and how to determine standard and alternative design pressure ratings.
3.2.7 vinyl siding—a shaped material, made principally from rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), that is used to clad exterior walls
of buildings.
3.2.7.1 Discussion—
Any exception to a homogeneous rigid PVC compound is present in a coextruded or laminated capstock.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The siding shall be made of one or more layers of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound. Any layers of materials other than
poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound shall be kept to less than 20 % by volume.
4.2 Where rigid PVC recycled plastic as defined in Guide D5033 is used, the siding containing the PVC recycled plastic shall meet
all of the requirements of Section 3, Terminology; Section 4, Materials and Manufacture; and Section 5, Physical Requirements.
4.3 The poly(vinyl chloride) siding material, when tested in accordance with Test Method D635, shall not exceed an average
extent of burn of 4 in. (100 mm), with an average time of burn not to exceed 10 s. A minimum sample thickness of 0.035 in. (0.9
mm) is required. (Warning—The flammability testing data, conclusions, and recommendations of Test Method D635 related
solely to the measurement and description of properties for classification of the poly(vinyl chloride) siding material in response
to flame under controlled laboratory conditions and shall not be used for the description or appraisal of the fire hazard of vinyl
siding under actual fire conditions.)
4.4 The PVC compound when extruded into siding shall maintain uniform color and be free of any visual surface or structural
changes, such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, or pitting.
4.5 The PVC compound shall be compounded so as to provide the heat stability and weather exposure stability required for the
siding market application.
4.6 PVC siding shall not contain elemental lead (Pb) or compounds of that material other than traces incidental to raw materials
or the manufacturing process. This limitation applies to both PVC substrate and to any cap or film material. Compliance with this
requirement shall be demonstrated by one of the methods in 6.16.
5. Physical Requirements
5.1 Length and Width—Actual length shall not be less than ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) of the nominal length and the actual width shall be
within 6 ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) of the nominal width when measured in accordance with 6.3 and 6.4.
5.2 Thickness—Except for heavily textured siding, these requirements pertain only to measurements of the portions of the siding
that are exposed after installation of the panel, measured in accordance with the procedure in 6.5. For heavily textured siding, these
D3679 − 24
requirements apply to the portion of the siding selected for measurement in accordance with 6.5. The average thickness of each
specimen shall be no less than 0.035 in. No individual measurement shall be thinner than 0.003 in. below the nominal thickness.
The process average thickness as defined in 3.2.4 shall be no thinner than 0.001 in. below the nominal thickness.
5.3 Camber—A full length of siding (typically 10 or 12 ft (3.05 or 3.61 m)) shall not have a camber greater than ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm)
when measured in accordance with 6.6.
5.4 Heat Shrinkage—The average heat shrinkage shall not exceed 3.0 % when determined by the method described in 6.7.
5.5 Impact Resistance—Siding shall have a minimum impact strength of 60 in.·lbf (6.78 J) when tested in accordance with 6.8.
-5
5.6 Coeffıcient of Linear Expansion—The siding shall have a coefficient of linear expansion not greater than 4.5 by 10 in./in./°F
−5
(8.1 by 10 mm/mm/°C) when tested in accordance with 6.9.
5.7 Gloss—The gloss of smooth and embossed siding shall be uniform across the exposed surface. The average of all readings for
a panel determined in 6.11.2.5 shall not differ from the manufacturer’s specified gloss value more than the permitted variation in
Table 1, and each individual reading shall not vary more than 10 points from the average. Gloss of smooth and embossed siding
shall be tested in accordance with 6.11.
TABLE 1
Manufacturer’s Specified Permitted difference
Gloss Value from
Mfg. Spec. Gloss
Value
Less than or equal to 35 ±8
Greater than 35 ±10
5.8 Surface Distortion—The siding shall be free of bulges, waves, and ripples when tested to a minimum temperature of 120°F
(49°C) in accordance with the procedure in 6.12. This distortion is called “oil-canning.”
5.9 Uniformity of Color—When tested in accordance with 6.13, the total color change, ΔE, between a production specimen and
the appropriate reference specimen or agreed-upon color coordinates shall not vary by more than 1.5, and the chromatic
coordinates thereof shall not change by more than 6Δa = 1.0 and 6Δb = 1.0.
H H
5.10 Weathering—The siding shall maintain a uniform color and be free of any visual surface or structural changes such as peeling,
chipping, cracking, flaking, and pitting when tested in accordance with 6.10.
NOTE 3—Weathering-conformance-testing requirements are to reflect performance of a “typical” extrusion siding profile representing a specific color of
PVC compound and a specific extrusion technology. In no case is there an implied requirement for testing all the various shaped and sized siding profiles
produced in this color. The lengthy outdoor weatherability testing for new products may be performed concurrently with market development and sales
of siding to existing markets. Completion of weatherability testing prior to marketing of the product is not required.
5.11 Wind Load Resistance—The siding shall withstand a minimum static test pressure and a standard wind load design pressure
rating shall be determined.
5.11.1 Minimum Test Pressure—The siding panel(s) shall be able to withstand a minimum static test pressure of 22.5 lbf/ft (1077
Pa) when tested in accordance with 6.14. The average maximum sustained static test pressure determined in 6.14 shall be equal
to or greater than this value.
NOTE 4—The static test pressure of 22.5 lbf/ft (1077 Pa) was established to withstand structural loading conditions that occur in wind exposures of
approximately 110 mph (177 km/h) (V ) for mean roof heights of 30 ft (9.1 m) and less in exposure category B, and corresponds to 30.0 lbf/ft (1436
ASD
Pa) negative design pressure, to match the default wind design conditions of Table 703.3(1) in the 2015 International Residential Code.
NOTE 5—Refer to Annex A1 for an explanation as to how the negative design pressure was established, and for applications where effective negative
design pressure as specified in ASCE 7-10 is different from 30.00 lbf/ft (1436 Pa) (for example, wind-zone areas greater than 110 mph (177 km/h) (V )
ASD
(225 km/h (V )) or mean roof height above 30 ft (9.1 m), or exposures other than exposure category B).
ULT
D3679 − 24
5.11.1.1 The design-pressure values can be negative (suction loads) or positive. The negative values are the largest in magnitude
and are the values used in this specification.
NOTE 6—In that the siding is being tested as a weather-resistant exterior product applied to an existing exterior structural wall, forces (negative) working
to pull the siding off the wall, fasteners, or disengage locks will be the most important criteria for testing. Positive wind forces test the integrity of the
total wall sections, and do not provide a measure of the performance of the siding.
5.11.2 Standard Wind Load Design Pressure Rating—The standard wind load design pressure rating shall be determined from the
results of testing in accordance with 6.14, using the procedures described in A1.3.
NOTE 7—The standard design pressure rating is valid for applications where the siding is installed over sheathing and its fastening that are capable of
independently resisting both positive and negative wind pressures occurring under design conditions at the building location. For applications over other
sheathing, a different design pressure rating is applicable, and is determined in accordance with A1.3. Determination of a rating other than the standard
design pressure rating is not required by this section.
5.11.3 Alternative Design Pressure Ratings—Design pressure ratings other than the standard wind load design pressure rating, for
use with different sheathing materials or using different installation or fastening, are permitted to be determined in accordance with
testing under 6.14, using the procedures in Annex A1.
5.12 Nail Slot Allowance for Thermal Expansion—For siding panels utilizing nail slots to allow for thermal expansion and
contraction, the nail slot shall be sized to allow for the expected range of expansion and contraction over a range of 100°F.
Compliance with this requirement shall be demonstrated either by the test method in 6.15 or by sizing of the nail slots according
to the specifications in the following sections. The instrument used shall be capable of measuring to the nearest 0.01 in. The
manufacturing tolerance shall not exceed -0.030 inch.
5.12.1 For panels shorter than 6 ft (1829 mm) in length, the minimum nail slot width shall be ⁄8 in. (11.4 mm).
5.12.2 For panels 6 ft (1829 mm) in length or longer the minimum nail slot width shall be determined according to the following
formula. The minimum width shall be the width resulting from application of the formula, rounded to the next lower quarter-inch.
Regardless of the results of the calculation, the minimum nail slot width for panels 6 feet or longer shall be 1 in. (25.4 mm).
WS 5 P × α ×100 °F ×L 1T (1)
~ !
c c
where:
WS = Minimum width of nail slot, in.
P = Center-pinning coefficient: 1 if manufacturer’s instructions require panel to be center-pinned; 1.5 if center-pinning is not
c
required
-5
α = Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, 4.5 × 10 in./in./°F or actual known coefficient for material used, as determined
by 6.9
L = Length of panel, inches
T = Centering tolerance: 0.25 in.
c
6. Test Methods
6.1 General—The inspection and test procedures contained in this section are used to determine the conformance of products to
the requirements of this specification. Each producer who represents its products as conforming to this specification shall be
permitted to use statistically based sampling plans that are appropriate for each manufacturing process, but shall keep the essential
records necessary to document, with a high degree of assurance, his claim that all of the requirements of this specification have
been met.
6.2 Conditioning and Test Conditions—Condition the test specimen in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618 and test
under those conditions, unless otherwise specified herein.
6.3 Length—Lay the specimen on a flat surface and measure with a steel tape. Measure the length of a siding panel to the nearest
⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) at the center, the butt edge, and the bottom of the top lock. The average of the three measurements is the actual
length.
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6.4 Width—Interlock two specimens, each at least 26 in. (660 mm) long, in the normal mode for installation. Lay the two
specimens on a flat surface. Measure to the nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm), the distance between the lowest butt edge of the top specimen
and the lowest butt edge of the bottom specimen. Commencing approximately one in. (25 mm) from one end of the specimens,
make 5 measurements at 6-in. (152-mm) intervals, making sure that the measurement is made perpendicular to the butt edge.
Average the measurements. The average constitutes the exposed width of siding.
6.5 Thickness—Thickness shall be measured in accordance with Test Method A of Test Method D5947. The micrometer shall be
calibrated in accordance with Section 8 of Test Method D5947. All measurements shall be taken to the nearest 0.001 inch.
Calculate and report the average of these measurements. Also report the thinnest individual measurement.
6.5.1 Non-Heavily Textured Siding—The thickness of the siding shall be measured at a minimum of five locations equally spaced
across the entire portion of the siding that will be exposed after installation.
6.5.2 Heavily Textured Siding—The thickness of the siding shall be measured at a minimum of five locations on a flat surface such
as an end tab or other surface that is representative of the extruded thickness. More than one panel shall be used as necessary to
provide a random selection of measurement locations.
6.6 Camber—Place a full length of siding (typically 10 or 12 ft (3.05 or 3.61 m)) on a flat surface alongside a straightedge at least
as long as the siding specimen. Measure the maximum space between edge of the siding specimen and the straightedge for each
edge to the nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm).
6.7 Heat Shrinkage:
6.7.1 Apparatus:
6.7.1.1 Scriber, similar to that described in Test Method D1042, with the exception that the needle points shall be separated by
10 6 0.01 in. (254 6 0.254 mm).
6.7.1.2 Test Media, a controlled-temperature water bath of 5 gal (10 L) or more, equipped with an efficient stirrer that will maintain
uniform temperature throughout. Heater and temperature-control devices must maintain the water at 160 6 1°F (71 6 0.5°C). Use
a wire rack to raise and lower specimens into the water bath. As an alternative to the use of a water bath, the specimens may be
heated for 30 min in a uniformly heated forced-air oven maintained at a temperature of 160 6 1°F (71 6 0.5°C).
6.7.1.3 Make measurements with any device capable of measuring the distance between two scribe marks to the nearest 0.01 in.
(0.254 mm).
6.7.2 Procedure:
6.7.2.1 Scribing shall be done on either the front or back surface of the siding as necessary to provide a clean, recognizable line.
6.7.2.2 Cut three specimens from the siding panel, each 1 in. (25.4 mm) wide by 12 in. (305 mm) long. Cut one specimen from
the center and one from each of the extreme edges of the flat surface. The long axis shall be parallel to the machine direction.
6.7.2.3 Condition specimens at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 10 % relative humidity for at least 24 hours.
6.7.2.4 Make a slight mark with the scribe on each specimen so that a reference point will be clearly visible.
6.7.2.5 Place specimens in the test medium.
6.7.2.6 Remove specimens after 30 min and place on a flat surface until cool.
6.7.2.7 Repeat conditioning in accordance with 6.7.2.3.
6.7.2.8 Make a second mark with the scribe on each specimen, using the same center.
6.7.2.9 Measure the distance, D, between the scribe marks to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.254 mm).
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6.7.2.10 Calculate the percent shrinkage as (D/10) × 100.
6.7.2.11 Report the average shrinkage of the three specimens tested.
6.8 Impact Resistance—Test impact resistance of siding in accordance with Test Method D4226, Procedure A, impactor head
configuration H.25. 4 in.-lb increments (0.5 in. height increments with 8 lb falling weight) shall be used. Minimum sample
dimensions shall be 1.5 by 1.5 in. Samples shall be tested with the normally exposed surface facing up. Conditioning time for
quality-control tests shall be at least 1 hour.
6.8.1 For purposes of evaluating failure of the specimen under 3.2.1 of Test Method D4226, a ductile tear of less than 0.2 in. (5
mm) in length shall not be considered a failure. Any brittle break of any dimensions is considered a failure.
6.9 Coeffıcient of Linear Expansion—Conduct this test in accordance with Test Method D696.
6.9.1 Alternative Specimen Preparation—Specimens prepared from strips cut from extruded siding are permitted to be used in
testing under Test Method D696. Where such specimens are used, they shall be cut with the long dimension parallel to the long
axis of the siding panel. Guides shall be used in accordance with Test Method D696 to prevent bending or twisting of the specimen
in the dilatometer.
6.10 Weatherability:
6.10.1 A minimum of three samples shall be exposed at each of at least three test sites. Test sites shall be located in a northern
temperate climate, represented by Cleveland, Ohio or Louisville, Kentucky; a hot, humid climate represented by Miami, Florida;
and a hot, dry climate represented by Phoenix, Arizona. The samples shall be exposed for a minimum of 24 months.
6.10.2 Samples shall consist of a flat section of siding with minimum dimensions of 2 in. by 3 ⁄4 in. (25 mm by 95 mm).
6.10.3 Samples shall be representative of the product to be evaluated.
NOTE 8—Samples prepared in the laboratory in the same manner as commercial samples are permitted to be used as an alternative to a commercial part.
If the commercial product is extruded, the laboratory specimen must be extruded; if the commercial product is injection molded, the laboratory specimen
must be injection molded, and so forth.
6.10.4 Select a minimum of four specimens per sample per test site to allow for three test specimens and one file specimen for
each sample evaluated.
6.10.5 Mark each specimen permanently to ensure retention of identity during and after exposure testing.
NOTE 9—Use of a vibratool leaves a permanent mark that satisfies this criterion.
6.10.6 All exposures shall be conducted at an angle of 45° South, plywood backed, in accordance with Practices D1435 and G147.
6.10.7 After a minimum of 24 months of exposure, remove the samples and inspect each exposed test specimen for appearance
and surface condition. Record observations and inspection date in a permanent record.
6.11 Gloss:
6.11.1 Apparatus—Measure gloss using a 75° geometry glossmeter that meets the requirements of the Apparatus section of D2457.
6.11.2 Procedure:
6.11.2.1 Gloss measurements shall be made in accordance with the procedure in Section 9 of D2457, unless otherwise specified
herein.
6.11.2.2 Measure gloss on one piece of siding on at least three widely separated sections across the width of the exposed surface
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of the panel. At least one reading shall be taken on each face of the panel. Care needs to be taken to ensure that a new surface
area is used for each reading since instrument contact may leave scratches on the specimen surface. The area tested must be flat.
If a flat area on the exposed surface cannot be found due to the style or depth of embossing of the panel being tested, then a
non-exposed area of the panel shall be chosen in its place. Such locations shall be representative of the gloss of the area that will
be exposed after installation.
6.11.2.3 Measure gloss parallel to the direction of embossing. When the embossing pattern is not apparent, measure the gloss in
the direction of extrusion.
6.11.2.4 Each reading shall be within the appropriate limit specified in 5.7.
6.11.2.5 The average of all readings shall be used to represent the gloss of the sample.
6.12 Surface Distortion:
6.12.1 Test Specimen/Apparatus:
6.12.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of three courses of siding, a minimum of 6 ft (1.83 m) in length, mounted on a flat rigid
frame in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommended installation instructions.
6.12.1.2 Heat-sensing elements shall be located at the midpoint of the backside of the second course of siding.
6.12.1.3 Radiant-Heat Rod, 600 W for each linear foot (0.31 m), mounted parallel to the middle course and approximately 32 in.
(810 mm) away from the surface of the siding.
6.12.1.4 Temperature-Control Device, used to regulate the temperature of the radiant-heat rod, shall be able to maintain the
conditions specified in 6.12.2.1.
6.12.2 Procedure:
6.12.2.1 Heat the test panel (second course of siding) at a rate of 3.0 to 6.0°F/min (1.7 to 3.3°C/min) until a minimum temperature
of 120°F (49°C) is achieved as measured by the heat-sensing element on the midpoint of the backside of the second course. During
this heating period, observe the test panel for surface distortion.
6.12.2.2 Failure is defined as the appearance of bulges, waves, or ripples before a temperature of 120°F (49°C) is reached.
6.13 Color Uniformity—Calculate the difference between the L , a , and b color coordinates for a production specimen to those
H H H
of either the appropriate reference specimen or the agreed upon color coordinates for that specific color product in accordance with
Test Method D2244. Calculate the total difference ΔE between the production specimen and the reference specimen in accordance
with Test Method D2244.
6.14 Wind Load Resistance—Conduct the test on wind load resistance of finished siding in accordance with Test Method D5206.
The average maximum sustained static test pressure determined from this testing is used in 5.11. For purposes of determining
compliance with the minimum test pressure and standard design pressure requirements in 5.11, the test structure shall be
constructed with vertical studs 16 inches on center, the siding in the
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