ASTM A898/A898M-17(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A898/A898M −17 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Straight Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel
Structural Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA898/A898M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers the procedure and acceptance 2.1 ASTM Standards:
standards for straight beam, pulse echo, ultrasonic examination A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled
of rolled structural shapes having a minimum section thickness Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
of ⁄2in.[12.5mm].Itwasdevelopedtoensuredeliveryofsteel E317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of
structural shapes free of gross internal discontinuities such as Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems
pipe, ruptures, or laminations and is to be used whenever the without the Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
inquiry, contract, order, or specification states that the shapes
2.2 ASNT Standard:
are to be ultrasonically examined. Two levels of acceptance
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
standards are included. Level II is intended for normal appli-
cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
cations where freedom from gross internal discontinuities is
desired, particularly in connection regions. Level I is intended
3. Ordering Information
for critical applications such as welded chord members used in
3.1 The inquiry and order should indicate the following:
tension loading, where internal discontinuities could be detri-
3.1.1 Acceptance level requirements will be Level II unless
mental. Level II is normally applicable unless otherwise
otherwise specified.
specified in contract documents or the purchase order. Supple-
3.1.2 Any additions to the provisions of this specification as
mentary requirements for alternative scanning coverages are
outlined in 8.3.
provided.
3.1.3 Supplementary requirements, if any.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to
be regarded separately as standard.Within the text, the SI units
4. Apparatus
are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system are not
4.1 The manufacturer or organization performing the ex-
exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-
amination shall furnish suitable ultrasonic equipment and
pendentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystems
qualified personnel necessary for performing the examination.
may result in nonconformance with the specification.
The equipment shall be straight beam, pulse-echo and span a
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
nominal test frequency range of 1 MHz to 5 MHz. The search
1 1
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
unit shall be within the range of ⁄2 in. [12.5 mm] to 1 ⁄8 in. [30
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 1
mm] in diameter or ⁄2 [12.5 mm] to 1 in. [25 mm] square
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
(including the pitch-catch type probe). The test shall be
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
performed by one of the following methods: contact,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
immersion, or liquid column coupling.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
A01.02 on Structural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published December 2022. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A898/A898M – 17. AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
DOI: 10.1520/A0898_A0898M-17R22. 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A898/A898M − 17 (2022)
4.2 Other search units may be used for evaluating and 8.2.1 When scanning the flanges or legs above the web, the
pin-pointing indications. calibratedrangecontrol(sweep)oftheinstrumentshouldbeset
so there is adequate display range for indications that may lie
NOTE1—RefertoPracticeE317toevaluateperformancecharacteristics
between fillets, at a depth greater than the flange or leg
of the apparatus system.
thickness.
5. Personnel Qualification
8.3 A nominal frequency between 1 MHz and 5 MHz is
5.1 Individualsperformingexaminationsinaccordancewith
recommended for examination. Thickness, grain size, or mi-
this specification shall be qualified and certified in accordance
crostructure of the material and nature of the equipment or
with the requirements of the latest edition of ASNT SNT-
method may require a different test frequency. However,
TC-1A or an equivalent accepted standard. An equivalent
frequencies less than 1 MHz may be used only by agreement
standard is one that covers the qualification and certification of
with the purchaser. A clear, easily interpreted trace pattern
ultrasonic nondestructive examination candidates, and that is
should be produced during the examination.
acceptable to the purchaser.
8.4 Scanning Coverage:
8.4.1 Scanning coverage of the web and flange is illustrated
6. Test Conditions
in Fig. 1. A 6-in. wide [150 mm] lateral strip with a 10 %
6.1 Conduct the examination in an area free of operations
overlap between each scan path shall be scanned at each end,
that interfere with proper functioning of equipment and testing
and a zig-zag scan shall be utilized over the length of the
personnel.
remaining flanges and web areas.
8.4.2 When an indication of concern (reference level) is
6.2 The section surfaces shall be sufficiently clean and
detected along a given scan line in Fig. 1, the flange or web
smooth to maintain a back reflection from the opposite side of
shall be continuously scanned (100 %) with not less than 10 %
the flanges, legs, and webs approximately comparable to the
overlap between each scan path for 9 in. [230 mm] adjacent to
height observed at the scanning gain level obtained in 8.2.
the scan line in both directions.
6.3 Thesurfacesoftheshapesinspectedbythismethodmay
8.4.3 All indications shall be evaluated on the flat-bottomed
be expected to contain
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