ASTM E1705-23

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1705 − 15 (Reapproved 2022) E1705 − 23
Standard Terminology
Relating to BiotechnologyBioenergy and Industrial
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Chemicals from Biomass
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This document is composed of terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, and acronyms used in ASTM documents
related to the field of biotechnology. bioenergy and industrial chemicals from biomass. Terms that are adequately defined in a
general dictionary are not defined in this terminology standard.
1.2 This standard includes terminology used in biotechnology areas, areas related to bioenergy and industrial chemicals from
biomass, such as, but not limited to: biological drug products, materials for biotechnology, characterization and identification of
biological systems, biomass, aseptic sampling, preservation of biological samples, membrane filters, molecular biology, biomass
conversion, fuel manufacturing facilities, and fuel analysis.sustainability, denatured fuel ethanol, cooking fuels and biomass
conversion.
1.2.1 The bylaws for Committee E48 allow the definitions approved in current E48 standards to be added to this terminology
standard editorially. The definitions will have an attribution to indicate the standard(s) containing the definition. Subcommittee
E48.91 can also develop definitions for the terminology standard. Those definitions will be attributed to the subcommittee.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
E870 Test Methods for Analysis of Wood Fuels
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E1126 Terminology Relating to Biomass Fuels (Withdrawn 2003)
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E1287 Practice for Aseptic Sampling of Biological Materials (Withdrawn 2008)
E1344 Guide for Evaluation of Fuel Ethanol Manufacturing Facilities
E1357 Test Method for Determining the Rate of Bioleaching of Iron From Pyrite by Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans (Withdrawn
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2010)
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2.2 Federal Standards:
Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 210 and 211
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E48 on Bioenergy and Industrial Chemicals from Biomass and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E48.91 on Terminology.
Current edition approved July 1, 2022July 1, 2023. Published July 2022July 2023. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20152022 as
E1705 – 15.E1705 – 15 (2022). DOI: 10.1520/E1705-15R22.10.1520/E1705-23.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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E1705 − 23
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
aerobic—able to live, grow, or take place only where free oxygen is present. E1126
aerobic fermentation—fermentation processes that require the presence of air. E1126
anaerobic—living or active in an airless environment. E1126
anaerobic bacteria—microbes whose metabolisms require the absence of free oxygen. E1126
anaerobic digester—a chemical reactor in which anaerobic bacteria are used to decompose biomass or organic wastes to
produce methane and carbon dioxide. E1126
anaerobic digestion—degradation of organic matter by microbes in the absence of air (oxygen) to produce methane and carbon
dioxide (biogas). E1126
anaerobic fermentation—fermentation processes conducted in the absence of air. The following anaerobic fermentation
processes are significant in obtaining useful forms of energy from biomass: (1) alcoholic fermentation, fermentation processes
whereby certain microorganisms convert glucose and other substrates with alcohol as an end product, (2 ) methane fermentation,
generally termed anaerobic digestion (See also anaerobic
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