ASTM D6936-23

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Designation: D6936 − 17 D6936 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determining Demulsibility of Emulsified Asphalt
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6936; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method, applicable to both anionic and cationic emulsified asphalts of the RS and MS type, measures the chemical
breaking of the emulsified asphalt.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D511 Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In Water
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D6934 Test Method for Residue by Evaporation of Emulsified Asphalt
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is used to identify or classify an emulsified asphalt as an RS or MS by measuring the amount of available
asphalt that is broken from the emulsified asphalt by utilizing specified amounts and concentrations of calcium chloride solution
for anionic emulsified asphalts and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate for cationic emulsified asphalts.
NOTE 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.42 on Emulsified
Asphalt Test.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017Dec. 1, 2023. Published September 2017December 2023. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20092017
as D6936 – 09.D6936 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D6936-17.10.1520/D6936-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
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D6936 − 23
capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable
of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does
not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar
acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
4. Sample Conditioning for Testing
4.1 All emulsified asphalts shall be properly stirred to achieve homogeneity before testing.
4.1.1 All emulsified asphalts with viscosity testing requirements of 50 °C shall be heated to 50 6 3 °C in the original sample
container in a water bath or oven. The container should be vented to relieve pressure. After the sample reaches 50 6 3 °C, stir the
sample to achieve homogeneity.
4.1.2 Emulsified asphalts with viscosity testing requirements of 25 °C should be mixed or stirred at stirred until the emulsion
reaches 25 6 1 °C in the original sample container to achieve homogeneity. The sample container may be heated in a water bath
or oven if the emulsion is below 25 6 1 °C then stirred to achieve homogeneity. If the sample is above 25 6 1 °C, then it may
be cooled in a water bath until the emulsion reaches the correct temperature then the emulsion is stirred to achieve homogeneity.
NOTE 2—Emulsified asphalts with viscosity testing requirements of 25 °C may be heated and stirred as specified in 4.1.1, if necessary. In the event the
4.1.1 method is used, the sample should be cooled to 25 6 1 °C before testing.
5. Apparatus and Reagents
5.1 Wire Cloth—1.40-mm 1.40 mm wire cloth that is at least 125 mm square, unframed, and having wire diameters and openings
that conform to Specification E11.
5.2 Beaker—Metal beaker or other suitable metal container with a minimum 300-mL 300 mL capacity.
5.3 Stirring Rod—Metal rod with rounded ends, approximately 10 mm in diameter.
5.4 Buret—50-mL 50 mL glass buret graduated in 0.1-mL 0.1 mL intervals.
5.5 Calcium Chloride Solution (1.11 g/L)—1.11 g of calcium chloride (CaCl ) dissolved in distilled or deionized water and diluted
to 1 L. The 1.11 g/L calcium chloride solution may be standardized to be a 0.02 6 0.001 N solution of calcium chloride in water.
Although this solution will remain stable, it shall be stored in an airtight container when not in use.
5.6 Calcium Chloride Solution (5.55 g/L)—5.55 g of calcium chloride (CaCl ) dissolved in distilled or deionized water and diluted
to 1 L. The 5.55 g/L ca
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