ASTM D446-04

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An American National Standard
Designation: D 446 – 04
Designation: 71/2/95
Standard Specifications and Operating Instructions for
1
Glass Capillary Kinematic Viscometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D446; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
Note—Equations 8, 9, and 10 printed incorrectly in the 2004 Vol 05.01, and they were corrected editorially with a year date change on April 21, 2004.
1. Scope Liquids—Determination of Kinematic Viscosity and Cal-
culation of Dynamic Viscosity
1.1 Thisstandardgivesspecificationsandoperatinginstruc-
ISOGuide25 GeneralRequirementsfortheCalibrationand
tions for glass capillary kinematic viscometers of all the types
Testing Laboratories
described in detail in Annex A1, Annex A2, and Annex A3 as
follows:
3. Materials and Manufacture
Modified Ostwald viscometers, Annex A1
3.1 Fully annealed, low-expansion borosilicate glass shall
Suspended-level viscometers, Annex A2
Reverse-flow viscometers, Annex A3
be used for the construction of all viscometers. The size
number,serialnumber,andmanufacturer’sdesignationshallbe
1.2 The calibration of the viscometers is described in
permanently marked on each viscometer. All timing marks
Section 6.
shall be etched and filled with an opaque color, or otherwise
1.3 This standard covers some widely used viscometers
made a permanent part of the viscometer. See detailed descrip-
suitable for use in accordance with Test Method D445. Other
tion of each type of viscometer in Annex A1, Annex A2, and
viscometers of the glass capillary type which are capable of
Annex A3.
measuring kinematic viscosity within the limits of precision
3.2 With the exception of the FitzSimons and Atlantic
given in Test Method D445 may be used.
viscometers, all viscometers are designed to fit through a
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
51-mm hole in the lid of a constant-temperature bath having a
standard.
liquid depth of at least 280 mm; and it is assumed that the
2. Referenced Documents
surface of the liquid will be not more than 45 mm from the top
of the bath lid. For certain constant-temperature baths, espe-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cially at low or high temperatures, it may be necessary to
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
constructtheviscometerswiththeuppermosttubeslongerthan
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic
2
shown to ensure adequate immersion in the constant-
Viscosity)
temperature bath. Viscometers so modified can be used to
D2162 Test Method for Basic Calibration of Master Vis-
2
measure kinematic viscosity within the precision of the test
cometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
3
method.Thelengthsoftubesandbulbsonthefiguresshouldbe
2.2 ISO Documents:
held within6 10% or 610 mm, whichever is less, such that
ISO 3105 Glass Capillary Kinematic Viscometers—
the calibration constant of the viscometer does not vary by
Specifications and Operating Instructions
more than 615% from the nominal value.
ISO 3104 Petroleum Products—Transparent and Opaque
4. Nomenclature for Figures
4.1 The figures in the annexes contain letters to designate
1
These specifications and operating instructions are under the jurisdiction of
specific parts of each viscometer.These letters are also used in
ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and are the direct
the text of the standard when reference to the viscometers is
responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved April 21, 2004. Published April 2004. Originally
given. The more frequently used letters on the figures in the
approvedin1966asD2515–66.RedesignatedD446in1977.Lastpreviousedition
annexes are as follows:
approved in 2000 as D446–00.
2
A lower reservoir
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3 B suspended level
Available from the American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St.,
bulb
New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D446–04
6.2.3 Mount the calibrated viscometer together with the
C and J timing bulbs
D upper reservoir
viscometer to be calibrated in the same bath and determine the
E, F, and I timing marks
flow times of the oil in accordance with Test Method D445.
G and H filling marks
6.2.3.1 The calibration of the reference viscometer should
K overflow tube
L mounting tube
only be carried out by a reputable laboratory meeting the
M lower vent tube
require
...