CEN/TC 250/SC 8 - Eurocode 8: Earthquake resistance design of structures

1.1   Scope of EN 1998-1-1
(1)   This document is applicable to the design and verification of buildings and other structures for earthquake resistance. It gives general rules relevant to all types of structures, except for structures belonging to consequence classes CC0 or CC4.
NOTE   For further details on consequence class CC4, see 4.2.
(2)   This document provides basic performance requirements and compliance criteria applicable to buildings and other structures for earthquake resistance.
(3)   This document gives rules for the representation of seismic actions and the description of the design seismic situations.
NOTE   Certain types of structures, dealt with in other parts of Eurocode 8, need supplementary rules which are given in those relevant Parts.
(4)   This document contains general methods for structural analysis and verification under seismic actions, including base-isolated structures and structures with distributed dissipative systems.
(5)   This document contains rules for modelling and verification of ultimate strengths and deformations.
1.2   Assumptions
(1)   The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to this document.
(2)   It is assumed that no change in the structure and in the masses carried by the structure takes place during the construction phase or during the subsequent life of the structure with respect to the design unless proper justification and verification is provided. This applies also to ancillary elements (see 3.1.2). Due to the specific nature of seismic response, this applies even in the case of changes that lead to an increase of the structural resistance.
(3)   The design documents are assumed to indicate the geometry, the detailing, and the properties of the materials of all structural members. If appropriate, the design documents are also assumed to include the properties of special devices to be used and the distances between structural and ancillary elements. The necessary quality control provisions are assumed to be specified.
(4)   Members of special structural importance requiring special checking during construction are assumed to be identified in the design documents and the verification methods to be used are assumed to be specified.
(5)   It is assumed that in the case of high seismic action class (4.1.1(4)), formal quality system plans, covering design, construction, and use, additional to the control procedures prescribed in the other relevant Eurocodes, are specified.

1.1   Scope of EN 1998-5
(1)   This document establishes general principles for the design and assessment of geotechnical systems in seismic regions. It gives general rules relevant to all families of geotechnical structures, to the design of foundations, retaining structures and underground structures and complements EN 1997-3 for the seismic design situation.
(2)   This document contains the basic performance requirements and compliance criteria applicable to geotechnical structures and geotechnical systems in seismic regions.
(3)   This document refers to the rules for the representation of seismic actions and the description of the seismic design situations defined in EN 1998-1-1 and provides specific definition of the seismic action applicable to geotechnical structures.
1.2   Assumptions
(1)   The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to this document.

TC - Modifications from EN 1998-3:2005/AC:2010 on the English mother reference version regarding the "National annex for EN 1998-3", Clauses 2 and 4 and Annexes A, B and C + New modifications in Annex A.

(1)   The scope of Eurocode 8 is defined in EN 1998-1:2004, 1.1.1 and the scope of this Standard is defined in 1.1.1. Additional parts of Eurocode 8 are indicated in EN 1998-1:2004, 1.1.3.
(2)   Within the framework of the scope set forth in EN 1998-1:2004, this part of the Standard contains the particular Performance Requirements, Compliance Criteria and Application Rules applicable to the design of earthquake resistant bridges.
(3)   This Part primarily covers the seismic design of bridges in which the horizontal seismic actions are mainly resisted through bending of the piers or at the abutments; i.e. of bridges composed of vertical or nearly vertical pier systems supporting the traffic deck superstructure. It is also applicable to the seismic design of cable-stayed and arched bridges, although its provisions should not be considered as fully covering these cases.
(4)   Suspension bridges, timber and masonry bridges, moveable bridges and floating bridges are not included in the scope of this Part.
(5)   This Part contains only those provisions that, in addition to other relevant Eurocodes or relevant Parts of EN 1998, should be observed for the design of bridges in seismic regions. In cases of low seismicity, simplified design criteria may be established (see 2.3.7(1)).
(6)   The following topics are dealt with in the text of this Part:
Basic requirements and Compliance Criteria,
Seismic Action,
Analysis,
Strength Verification,
Detailing.
This Part also includes a special section on seismic isolation with provisions covering the application of this method of seismic protection to bridges.
(7)   Annex G contains rules for the calculation of capacity design effects.
(8)   Annex J contains rules regarding the variation of design properties of seismic isolator units and how such variation may be taken into account in design.

EUROCODE - NO CONSOLIDATION AT PUBLICATION
2013: Originator of XML version: first setup pilot of CCMC in 2012

Complementary to material related Eurocode parts dealing with silos, tanks and pipelines. Design rules for the earthquakes resistant design of groups of silos, storage tanks including single water towers and pipeline systems.

Complementary to EN 1992-2, EN 1993-2 and EN 1994-2. Design rules for earthquake resistant design of steel, concrete and composite bridges.

(1)   The scope of Eurocode 8 is defined in EN 1998-1: 2004, 1.1.1 and the scope of this Standard is defined in (2), (4) and (5). Additional parts of Eurocode 8 are indicated in EN 1998-1: 2004, 1.1.3.
(2)   The scope of EN 1998-3 is as follows:
-   To provide criteria for the evaluation of the seismic performance of existing individual building structures.
-   To describe the approach in selecting necessary corrective measures
-   To set forth criteria for the design of retrofitting measures (i.e. conception, structural analysis including intervention measures, final dimensioning of structural parts and their connections to existing structural elements).
NOTE For the purposes of this standard, retrofitting covers both the strengthening of undamaged structures and the repair of earthquake damaged structures.
(3)   When designing a structural intervention to provide adequate resistance against seismic actions, structural verifications should also be made with respect to non-seismic load combinations.
(4)   Reflecting the basic requirements of EN 1998-1: 2004, this Standard covers the seismic assessment and retrofitting of buildings made of the more commonly used structural materials: concrete, steel, and masonry.
NOTE Informative Annexes A, B and C contain additional information related to the assessment of reinforced concrete, steel and composite, and masonry buildings, respectively, and to their upgrading when necessary.
(5)   Although the provisions of this Standard are applicable to all categories of buildings, the seismic assessment and retrofitting of monuments and historical buildings often requires different types of provisions and approaches, depending on the nature of the monuments.

Complementary to material related Eurocode parts dealing with towers, masts and chimneys. Design rules for the earthquake resistant design of tall, slender structures: towers, including bell-towers and intake towers, masts, industrial chimneys and lighthouses constructed in reinforced concrete or steel.

TC - Editorial modifications to "National annex for EN 1998-2", 4.2.4.4, 5.6.2 and 6.2.2 in the three language versions of the mother standard.
2013: Originator of XML version: first setup pilot of CCMC in 2012

EN 1998-1-2 is applicable to the design and verification of new buildings and temporary structures in seismic regions.

1.1   Scope of EN 1998-3
(1)   This document is applicable to the assessment and retrofitting of buildings and bridges in seismic regions, namely as given in a) to c):
a)   to provide criteria for the assessment of the seismic performance of existing individual buildings and bridges;
b)   to describe the procedure to be followed in selecting necessary corrective measures;
c)   to set forth criteria for the design of retrofitting measures (i.e. design, structural analysis including intervention measures, final dimensioning of structural parts and their connections to existing structural members).
NOTE 1   For the purposes of this document, retrofitting covers both the seismic upgrading (e.g. strengthening or adding a passive system) of undamaged structures and the repair and possible upgrading of earthquake-damaged structures.
NOTE 2   Only the most common retrofit techniques are covered in this document. This does not exclude the use of other techniques, which can be developed in each country, based on the strengthening principles of this document.
NOTE 3   Annex D gives flowcharts for the application of this document.
(2)   Unless specifically stated, EN 1998-1-1 and EN 1998-5 apply.
(3)   Reflecting the performance requirements of EN 1998-1-1:2024, 4.1, this document covers the seismic assessment and retrofitting of buildings and bridges made of the more commonly used structural materials: concrete, steel and composite, timber and masonry.
NOTE   Annexes B and C contain additional guidance related to the assessment of timber and masonry structures, respectively, and to their retrofitting when necessary.
(4)   This document is intended for the assessment of individual structures, to decide on the need for structural intervention and to design the retrofitting measures that may be necessary. It is not intended for the vulnerability assessment of populations or groups of structures in seismic risk evaluations for various purposes (e.g. for determining insurance risk, for setting risk mitigation priorities, etc.).
(5)   This document provides (in its material-specific Clauses 8 to 11) criteria for the verification of the more common retrofitting techniques currently in use.
(6)   This document gives specific rules for the assessment and retrofitting relevant to existing buildings and bridges of consequence classes CC1, CC2 and CC3, as defined in EN 1990:2023, 4.3.
(7)   Although the provisions of this document are applicable to all common categories of buildings and bridges, the seismic assessment and retrofitting of monuments and heritage structures often requires different types of provisions and approaches, depending on the nature of the monuments and heritage structures.
1.2   Assumptions
(1)   The assumptions of EN 1998-1-1 apply to this document.
(2)   The provisions of this document assume that the data collection and tests are performed by experienced personnel and that the engineer responsible for the assessment, the possible design of the retrofitting and the execution of work has appropriate experience of the type of structures being upgraded or repaired.
(3)   It is assumed that inspection procedures, checklists and other data-collection procedures will be documented and filed and referred to in the assessment/design documents.

EN 1998-4 is applicable to the seismic design of on-ground and elevated silos, on-ground, elevated and underground tanks, above-ground and buried pipeline systems, towers, masts and chimneys and ancillary elements attached to the aforementioned structures or in industrial facilities.

EN 1998-2 is intended to be applied to the design of new bridges in seismic regions. It covers the design of reinforced concrete, steel and composite steel-concrete bridges and provides guidance for the design of timber bridges.
EN 1998-2 is applicable to the seismic design of bridges exploiting ductility in structural members or through the use of antiseismic devices. When ductility is exploited, this part primarily covers bridges in which the horizontal seismic actions are mainly resisted through bending of the piers or at the abutments; i.e. of bridges composed of vertical or nearly vertical pier systems supporting the traffic deck superstructure. It is also applicable to the seismic design of arched bridges, although its provisions should not be considered as fully covering these cases.
Suspension bridges and masonry bridges, moveable bridges and floating bridges are not included in the scope of EN 1998-2.

Complementary to Eurocodes 1 to 7 and 9. Additional provisions for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in seismic regions where risk to life and/or risk of structural damage are required to be reduced. General requirements and rules for assessment of seismic actions and combinations with other actions. General rules for earthquake resistant design of buildings and specific rules for buildings and elements constructed with each of the various structural materials.

TC - Editorial modifications in the whole E mother standard.
2013: Originator of XML version: first setup pilot of CCMC in 2012

Complementary to Eurocodes 1 to 7 and 9. Additional provisions for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in seismic regions where risk to life and/or risk of structural damage are required to be reduced. General requirements and rules for assessment of seismic actions and combinations with other actions. General rules for earthquake resistant design of buildings and specific rules for buildings and elements constructed with each of the various structural materials.

Additional rules for the design of various foundation systems, earth retaining structures and soil-structure interaction under seismic actions in conjunction with the structural design of buildings, bridges, towers, masts, chimneys, silos, tanks and pipelines.

TC - Modifications on the English mother reference version regarding the "National annex for EN 1998-3", Clauses 2 and 4 and Annexes A, B and C.
2013: Originator of XML version: first setup pilot of CCMC in 2012

(1)P This Prestandard aims at providing principles and application rules for the seismic design of the structural aspects of integrated facilities composed of pipeline systems and of storage tanks of different types and destinations, as well as for independent items, such as for example single water towers, serving a specific purpose or groupes of silos enclosing granualr materials,etc.This Prestandard may also be used as a basis for evaluating the amount of strengthening needed by existing facilities to bring them up to present standards.

P Reflecting the basic requirements of Parts 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 of Eurocode 8, this Part covers the repair and strengthening of buildings and, where applicable, monuments, considering commonly used structural materials (concrete, steel, masonry and timber).

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): Splitting of WI 49. Dates refer to ENV. ++ REAL dates of ENV taken out bec. of 2-Y-R; REAL32 =9205; REAL40/49=9310; ++ REAL41/51/53=9312; REAL60 = 9502.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): Splitting of WI 49. Dates refer to ENV. ++ REAL dates of ENV taken out bec. of 2-Y-R; REAL32 =9205; REAL40/49=9310; ++ REAL41/51/53=9312; REAL60 = 9410.