SIST EN 13835:2012

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Livarstvo - Avstenitna siva litinaGießereiwesen - Austenitische GusseisenFonderie - Fonte austénitiqueFounding - Austenitic cast irons77.080.10ŽelezoIronsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13835:2012SIST EN 13835:2012en,fr,de01-marec-2012SIST EN 13835:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13835:2003/A1:2006SIST EN 13835:20031DGRPHãþD



SIST EN 13835:2012



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13835
January 2012 ICS 77.080.10 Supersedes EN 13835:2002English Version
Founding - Austenitic cast irons
Fonderie - Fontes austénitiques
Gießereiwesen - Austenitische Gusseisen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 November 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13835:2012: ESIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .41Scope .52Normative references .53Terms and definitions .54Designation .65Order information .66Manufacture .67Requirements .77.1Chemical composition .77.2Mechanical properties .77.3Microstructure . 128Sampling . 128.1General . 128.2Cast samples . 128.3Samples cut from a casting . 149Testing . 179.1Chemical analysis . 179.2Tensile test . 189.3Impact test . 199.4Hardness test . 209.5Microstructure examination . 209.6Physical properties . 2010Retests . 2010.1Need for retests . 2010.2Test validity . 2110.3Nonconforming test results . 2110.4Heat treatment of samples and castings . 2111Inspection documentation . 21Annex A (informative)
Properties and applications of the austenitic cast iron grades . 22Annex B (informative)
Comparison of austenitic cast iron material designations according to EN 1560 and ISO/TR 15931 [3], [6] . 23Annex C (informative)
Heat treatment . 24Annex D (informative)
Effect of alloying elements . 25Annex E (informative)
Additional information on mechanical and physical properties . 26Annex F (normative)
Sectioning procedure for cast samples . 31Annex G (informative)
Sample preparation for the determination of physical properties . 32Annex H (informative)
Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition . 33Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 34Bibliography . 35 SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13835:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 "Foundry technology", the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights other than those identified above. CEN [and/or] CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13835:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 8 "High alloyed cast iron" to revise EN 13835:2002. Annex H provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard classifies a range of cast irons principally used for their heat and corrosion resistance properties. These properties are obtainable from the engineering grades in this European Standard. The special purpose grades also exhibit heat and corrosion resistance properties, but are used principally for their magnetic properties, or very low expansion characteristics. The austenitic cast irons are a range of high-alloyed materials with an austenitic matrix, containing nickel, manganese and sometimes copper and chromium. Carbon is present either as graphite flakes or as spheroids. The spheroidal graphite grades have superior mechanical properties. The properties of the austenitic cast irons depend upon them having the appropriate structure and mechanical properties for the application. These properties are dependent upon the control of metal composition within the specified grades and the metal processing route. Typical applications for the various grades are given in Annex A. In this European Standard a new designation system by number, as established in EN 1560 [3], is given. NOTE This designation system by number is based on the structure and rules of EN 10027-2 [4] and so corresponds with the European numbering system for steel and other materials. Some austenitic cast iron grades can be used for pressure equipment. The permitted material grades of austenitic cast iron for pressure applications and the conditions for their use are given in specific product or application standards. For the design of pressure equipment, specific design rules apply. Annex ZA gives information relating to the conformance of permitted austenitic cast iron grades to the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC. SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the grades and corresponding requirements for austenitic cast irons. These requirements are specified in terms of:  graphite form and metal structure: either flake or spheroidal graphite in an austenitic matrix;  chemical composition: as given for each of the grades;  mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. This standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings, see EN 1559-1 [1] and
EN 1559-3 [2]. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 764-5:2002, Pressure equipment — Part 5: Compliance and inspection — Documentation of materials EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents EN ISO 148-1:2010, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1:2009) EN ISO 945-1, Microstructure of cast irons —Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis
(ISO 945-1) EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1) EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892-1:2009) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 austenitic cast iron cast material with an austenitic matrix which is iron, carbon and silicon based and alloyed with nickel, manganese, copper and/or chromium in order to stabilize the austenitic structure at room temperature; the graphite can be present in flake or spheroidal form 3.2 cast sample quantity of material cast to represent the cast material, including separately cast sample, side by side cast sample and cast-on sample 3.3 separately cast sample sample cast in a separate sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material grade SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 6 3.4 side-by-side cast sample sample cast in the mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system 3.5 cast-on sample sample attached directly to the casting 3.6 relevant wall thickness wall thickness representative of the casting defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to which the mechanical properties apply 4 Designation The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in Tables 1 to 4. NOTE The comparison of EN 13835 grade designations with the grades from ISO 2892:2007 [5] is given in Annex B. 5 Order information The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: a) number of this European Standard; b) designation of the material; c) relevant wall thickness; d) any special requirements. All requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order (e.g. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3). 6 Manufacture Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the method of manufacture of austenitic cast irons shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer.
The manufacturer shall ensure that the requirements defined in this European Standard are met for the material grade specified in the order. All agreements between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be made by the time of acceptance of the order. NOTE For certain applications heat treatment of austenitic cast irons is beneficial, but should only be specified where service conditions demand such treatment. The heat treatment processes employed are stress relieving and high temperature stabilising treatments. Details of these treatments are given in Annex C. SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 7 7 Requirements 7.1 Chemical composition The chemical composition of austenitic cast iron grades shall be in accordance with Table 1 for the engineering grades and Table 2 for the special purpose grades. Spheroidal graphite grades are produced either by magnesium treatment or by treatment with another suitable nodulariser. Unless otherwise specified, other elements may be present at the discretion of the manufacturer provided that they do not alter the structure or adversely affect the properties. If the presence of any element specified in Tables 1 or 2 is required to be outside the limits indicated, or if any other elements are required, their contents shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser and specified in the order. For information about the effect of alloying elements see Annex D. 7.2 Mechanical properties 7.2.1 General The property values given in Tables 3 and 4 apply to austenitic cast iron cast in sand moulds or moulds of comparable thermal behaviour. Subject to amendments to be agreed upon in the order, they can apply to castings obtained by alternative methods. Requirements regarding mechanical testing are described in 9.2 and 9.3. NOTE Tensile testing requires sound test pieces in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test. Additional information on mechanical and physical properties is given in Annex E. 7.2.2 Test pieces machined from cast samples The mechanical properties of the grades of austenitic cast irons obtained from cast samples with a thickness or a diameter equal to or smaller than 25 mm shall be in accordance with:  Table 3 for austenitic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades, with specified minimum impact energy;  Table 4 for austenitic grey iron grades and austenitic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades, without specified minimum impact energy. The impact energy values given in Table 3 at room temperature, if applicable, shall only be determined if specified by the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. Other requirements, such as the mechanical properties to be met on samples with a thickness more than
25 mm shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser and specified in the order. 7.2.3 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting If applicable, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on:  location(s) on a casting where the sample(s) shall be taken;  mechanical properties that shall be measured;  minimum values, or allowable range of values, for these mechanical properties. NOTE 1 The properties and the structure of castings are not uniform, depending on the complexity of the castings and variation in their section thickness. SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 8 NOTE 2 Mechanical properties for test pieces cut from a casting are affected not only by material properties (subject of this European Standard) but also by the local casting soundness (not subject of this European Standard). 7.2.4 Hardness Brinell hardness and its range values for the grades listed in Tables 1 and 2 shall only be specified when agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. Information regarding Brinell hardness is given in Annex E.
SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 9 Table 1 — Chemical composition of austenitic cast irons — Engineering grades Graphite form Material designation Chemical composition in % (mass fraction) Symbol Number C Si Mn Ni Cr P Cu Flake EN-GJLA-XNiCuCr15-6-2 5.1500 max. 3,0 1,0 to 2,8 0,5 to 1,5 13,5 to 17,5 1,0 to 3,5 max. 0,25 5,5 to 7,5 Spheroidal EN-GJSA-XNiCr20-2 5.3500 max. 3,0 1,5 to 3,0 0,5 to 1,5 18,0 to 22,0 1,0 to 3,5 max. 0,08 max. 0,50 EN-GJSA-XNiMn23-4 5.3501 max. 2,6 1,5 to 2,5 4,0 to 4,5 22,0 to 24,0 max. 0,2 max. 0,08 max. 0,50 EN-GJSA-XNiCrNb20-2 a 5.3502 a max. 3,0 1,5 to 2,4 0,5 to 1,5 18,0 to 22,0 1,0 to 3,5 max. 0,08 max. 0,50 EN-GJSA-XNi22 5.3503 max. 3,0 1,0 to 3,0 1,5 to 2,5 21,0 to 24,0 max. 0,5 max. 0,08 max. 0,50 EN-GJSA-XNi35 5.3504 max. 2,4 1,5 to 3,0 0,5 to 1,5 34,0 to 36,0 max. 0,2 max. 0,08 max. 0,50 EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr35-5-2 5.3505 max. 2,0 4,0 to 6,0 0,5 to 1,5 34,0 to 36,0 1,5 to 2,5 max. 0,08 max. 0,50 a Good weldability of this material with: % Nb ≤ [0,353 − 0,032 (% Si + 64 × % Mg)]. The normal range of Nb is 0,12 % to 0,20 %.
Table 2 — Chemical composition of austenitic cast irons — Special purpose grades Graphite form Material designation Chemical composition in % (mass fraction) Symbol Number C Si Mn Ni Cr P Cu Flake EN-GJLA-XNiMn13-7 5.1501 max. 3,0 1,5 to 3,0 6,0 to 7,0 12,0 to 14,0 max. 0,2 max. 0,25 max. 0,5 Spheroidal EN-GJSA-XNiMn13-7 5.3506 max. 3,0 2,0 to 3,0 6,0 to 7,0 12,0 to 14,0 max. 0,2 max. 0,08 max. 0,5 EN-GJSA-XNiCr30-3 5.3507 max. 2,6 1,5 to 3,0 0,5 to 1,5 28,0 to 32,0 2,5 to 3,5 max. 0,08 max. 0,5 EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr30-5-5 5.3508 max. 2,6 5,0 to 6,0 0,5 to 1,5 28,0 to 32,0 4,5 to 5,5 max. 0,08 max. 0,5 EN-GJSA-XNiCr35-3 5.3509 max. 2,4 1,5 to 3,0 0,5 to 1,5 34,0 to 36,0 2,0 to 3,0 max. 0,08 max. 0,5
SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 10 Table 3 — Mechanical properties measured at (23 ±±±± 5) °C on test pieces machined from cast samples of austenitic spheroidal graphite cast irons — Grades with specified minimum impact energy Graphite form Material designation 0,2 % proof Tensile Elongation Mean value of impact energy of 3 tests
strengthstrength
V-notch CharpySymbol Number Rp0,2 Rm A
MPa MPa % J min. min. min. min. Spheroidal EN-GJSA-XNiCr20-2 5.3500 210 370
7 13 a EN-GJSA-XNiMn23-4 5.3501 210 440 25 24
EN-GJSA-XNiCrNb20-2 5.3502 210 370
7 13 a EN-GJSA-XNi22 5.3503 170 370 20 20
EN-GJSA-XNi35 5.3504 210 370 20 13 a EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr35-5-2 5.3505 200 370 10 7 a
EN-GJSA-XNiMn13-7 5.3506 210 390 15 16 a Optional requirement by agreement between the manufaturer and the purchaser. SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 11 Table 4 — Mechanical properties at (23 ±±±± 5) °C measured on test pieces machined from cast samples of austenitic cast irons — Grey iron grades and spheroidal graphite cast iron grades without specified minimum impact energy Graphite form Material designation 0,2 % proof Tensile Elongation
strength strengthSymbol Number Rp0,2 Rm A
MPa MPa % min. min. min. Flake EN-GJLA-XNiMn13-7 5.1501 — 140 — EN-GJLA-XNiCuCr15-6-2 5.1500 — 170 — Spheroidal
EN-GJSA-XNiCr30-3 5.3507 210 370
7 EN-GJSA-XNiSiCr30-5-5 5.3508 240 390 — EN-GJSA-XNiCr35-3 5.3509 210 370
7 SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 12 7.3 Microstructure Microstructure shall only be specified when agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser, by the time of acceptance of the order. When a microstructure examination is agreed, the location for sampling, the methods used to examine the microstructure, and acceptance criteria shall be subject to that agreement. If the graphite structure is agreed upon, it shall be specified in accordance with EN ISO 945-1. The microstructure examination shall be performed in accordance with 9.5. 8 Sampling 8.1 General Samples shall be made from the same material as that used to produce the casting(s) which they represent. Several types of samples (separately cast samples, side-by-side cast samples, cast-on samples, samples cut from a casting) can be used, depending on the mass and wall thickness of the casting. When relevant, the type of sample should be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Unless otherwise agreed, the choice of option is left to the discretion of the manufacturer. When the mass of the casting exceeds 2 000 kg and its thickness exceeds 100 mm, cast-on samples should preferably be used; the dimensions and the location of the cast-on sample shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. If the spheroidisation treatment is carried out in the mould (in-mould process), the separately cast sample should be avoided. All samples shall be adequately marked to guarantee full traceability to the castings which they represent.
The samples shall be subject to the same heat treatment, as that of the castings they represent, if any. The samples for chemical analysis shall be cast in a manner which ensures that the accurate chemical composition can be determined. 8.2 Cast samples 8.2.1 Size of cast samples The size of the sample shall be in correspondence with the relevant wall thickness of the casting as shown in Table 5. If other sizes are used, this shall be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser. SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 13 Table 5 — Types and sizes of cast samples and size of tensile test pieces in relation to relevant wall thickness of the casting
Relevant wall thickness t mm Type of sample Preferred diameter of tensile test piece a d mm Option 1
U-shaped Option 2
Y-shaped Option 3 Round bar Cast-on sample (See Figure 1) (See Figure 2) (See Figure 3) (See Figure 4) t ≤ 12,5 — I Types b, c A 7 (Option 3: 14 mm)
12,5 < t ≤ 30 — II Types a, b, c B 14 30 < t ≤ 60
x b III — C 14 60 < t ≤ 200 — IV — D 14 a Other diameters, in accordance with Figure 5, may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. b The cooling rate of this cast sample corresponds to that of a 40 mm thick wall.
8.2.2 Frequency and number of tests Samples, representative of the material, shall be produced at a frequency in accordance with the process quality assurance procedure adopted by the manufacturer or as agreed with the purchaser. In the absence of either a process quality assurance procedure or any agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, a minimum of one cast sample for the tensile test shall be produced to confirm the material at a frequency to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. When impact tests are agreed by the time of acceptance of the order, samples shall be produced at a frequency to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 8.2.3 Separately cast samples The samples shall be cast separately in sand moulds under representative manufacturing conditions. The moulds used to cast the separately cast samples shall have comparable thermal behaviour to the moulding material used to cast the castings. The samples shall meet the requirements of either Figures 1, 2 or 3. The samples shall be removed from the mould at a temperature similar to that of the castings. 8.2.4 Side-by-side cast samples Side-by-side cast samples are representative of the castings concurrently cast and also of all other castings of a similar relevant wall thickness from the same test unit. When mechanical properties are required for a series of castings belonging to the same test unit, the side-by-side cast sample(s) shall be produced in the last mould(s) poured. The samples shall meet the requirements of either Figures 1, 2 or 3. 8.2.5 Cast-on samples Cast-on samples are representative of the castings
to which they are attached and also of all other castings of a similar relevant wall thickness from the same test unit. SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 14 When mechanical properties are required for a series of castings belonging to the same test unit, the cast-on sample(s) shall be produced in the last mould(s) poured. The sample shall have a general shape as indicated in Figure 4 and the dimensions shown therein. The location of the cast-on sample shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order, taking into account the shape of the casting and the running system, in order to avoid any unfavourable effect on the properties of the adjacent material. 8.2.6 Test pieces machined from cast samples The tensile test piece shown in Figure 5 and, if applicable, the impact test piece shown in Figure 6 shall be machined from a sample shown in Figure 3 or from the hatched part of Figures 1, 2 and 4. The sectioning procedure for cast samples shall be in accordance with Annex F. Unless otherwise agreed, the preferred diameter for the test piece shall be used. 8.3 Samples cut from a casting In addition to the requirements of the material, the manufacturer and the purchaser may agree on the properties required at stated locations in the casting. These properties shall be determined by testing test pieces machined from samples cut from the casting at these stated locations.
The manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on the dimensions of these test pieces. In the absence of any directions by the purchaser, the manufacturer may choose the locations from which to cut the samples and the dimensions of the test pieces. Dimensions in millimetres
Key a for information only b the length z shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least 40 mm. Figure 1 — Separately or side-by-side cast sample — Option 1: U-shaped sample SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 15 Dimensions in millimetres
Dimension Type I II III
lV u 12,5 25 50 75 v 40 55 100 125 x 25 40 50 65
y a 135 140 150 175
z b A function of the test piece length a For information only. b z shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least:  40 mm for types I and II;  80 mm for type III and IV. Figure 2 — Separately cast or side by side cast samples — Option 2: Y-shaped sample SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 16 Dimensions in millimetres
Type a
Type b
Type c Type A B D H Hb Lf Ln Lt W a 4,5 5,5 25 50 — Lt + 20 Lt – 50 a 100 b 4,5 5,5 25 50 — Lt + 20 Lt – 50 50 c 4,0 5,0 25 35 15 Lt + 20 Lt – 50 50 a Lt shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least 40 mm. Figure 3 — Separately cast or side by side cast samples — Option 3: Round bar-shaped sample SIST EN 13835:2012



EN 13835:2012 (E) 17 Dimension in millimetres
Type Relevant wall thickness of castings t a b max. c min. h Lt A t ≤ 12,5 15 11 7,5 20 to 30 a B 12,5 < t < 30 25 19 12,5 30 to 40 C 30 < t ≤ 60
40 30 20 40 to 65 D 60 < t < 200 70 52,5 35 65 to 105 a Lt shall be chosen to allow a test piece of a dimension shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least:  40 mm for types A and B;  80 mm for types C and D. If smaller di
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