SIST EN 14785:2006

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Residential space heating appliances fired by wood pellets - Requirements and test methodsNaprave za gretje stanovanjskih prostorov na lesne pelete - Zahteve in preskusne metodeAppareils de chauffage domestique a convection a granulés de bois - Exigences et méthodes d'essaiRaumheizer zur Verfeuerung von Holzpellets - Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14785:2006SIST EN 14785:2006en,fr,de97.100.30ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14785:200601-november-2006







EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14785June 2006ICS 97.100.30 English VersionResidential space heating appliances fired by wood pellets -Requirements and test methodsAppareils de chauffage domestique à convection àgranulés de bois - Exigences et méthodes d'essaiRaumheizer zur Verfeuerung von Holzpellets -Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 May 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14785:2006: E



EN 14785:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.7 3.1 Appliances.7 3.2 Functional characteristics.8 3.3 Characteristics.10 3.4 Fuels.12 4 Materials, design and construction.12 4.1 Production documentation.12 4.2 General construction requirements.13 4.3 Flue spigot or socket.13 4.4 Combustion control device.14 4.5 Flueways.14 4.6 Cleaning tools.14 4.7 Firedoors.14 4.8 Combustion air supply.14 4.8.1 Primary air inlet control.14 4.8.2 Secondary air inlet control.15 4.9 Internal flue gas diverter.15 4.10 Retort.15 4.11 Ashpan and ash removal.15 4.12 Integral boiler.15 4.12.2 Nominal minimum wall thickness (steels).18 4.12.3 Welding seams and welding fillers.18 4.12.4 Minimum wall thicknesses (cast iron).18 4.12.5 Cast iron parts subject to water pressure.19 4.12.6 Venting of the water sections.19 4.12.7 Water tightness.19 4.12.8 Water side connections.19 4.12.9 Boiler internal waterways.20 4.13 Control of flue gas.21 4.14 Cleaning of heating surfaces.21 5 Safety.21 5.1 Temperatures of adjacent combustible materials.21 5.2 Operating tools.21 5.3 Safety test for spillage of combustion gas and discharge of embers.21 5.4 Temperature in the fuel hopper.22 5.5 Safety against back burning through the fuel conveyor system.22 5.6 Safety against overheating the boiler water.22 5.7 Thermal discharge control.22 5.8 Strength and leaktightness of boiler shells.22 5.9 Electrical safety.22 6 Performance.22 6.1 Flue draught.22 6.2 Flue gas temperature.23 6.3 Carbon monoxide emission for pellet stoves.23 6.4 Efficient energy utilization.23 6.4.1 General.23



EN 14785:2006 (E) 3 6.4.2 Efficiency at nominal heat output and at reduced heat output.23 6.5 Nominal heat output.23 6.6 Reduced heat output.23 6.7 Water heating output.23 6.8 Space heating output.23 6.9 Hopper capacity.24 6.10 User operations.24 7 Appliance instructions.24 7.1 General.24 7.2 Installation instructions.24 7.3 User operating instructions.25 8 Marking.26 9 Evaluation of conformity.27 9.1 General.27 9.2 Type testing.27 9.2.1 Initial type testing.27 9.2.2 Further type testing.28 9.3 Factory production control (FPC).31 9.3.1 General.31 9.3.2 Raw materials and components.31 9.3.3 Control of inspection, measuring and test equipment.31 9.3.4 Process control.31 9.3.5 Product inspection, testing and evaluation.32 9.3.6 Non conforming products.33 9.3.7 Corrective and preventive action.33 9.3.8 Handling, storage, packaging, preservation and delivery.33 Annex A (normative)
Test methods.34 A.1 Test environment.34 A.1.1 Ambient room temperature.34 A.1.2 Cross-draught.34 A.1.3 External sources.34 A.2 Test assembly.34 A.2.1 General.34 A.2.2 Trihedron.35 A.2.3 Measurement section.35 A.2.4 Connection of appliance to measurement section.36 A.2.5 Water circuit for appliances with boilers.37 A.3 Measurement equipment.37 A.4 Test procedures.38 A.4.1 Appliance installation.38 A.4.2 Calculation of fuel load.38 A.4.3 Fuelling and de-ashing the fire.38 A.4.4 Flue gas losses.38 A.4.5 Water heating output.39 A.4.6 Combustible heat losses in the residue.39 A.4.7 Performance test at nominal heat output.39 A.4.8 Reduced heat output test.41 A.4.9 Safety tests.42 A.5 Test results.44 A.6 Calculation methods.45 A.6.1 Notations and units used.45 A.6.2 Formulae.46 A.7 Test report.49 Annex B (normative)
Test fuels and recommended fuels.62 B.1 General.62 B.2 Test fuel.62 B.2.1 Selection of test fuel.62



EN 14785:2006 (E) 4 B.2.2 Storage, preparation and analysis.62 B.3 Tests for recommended fuels.63 B.3.1 Basis of testing.63 B.3.2 Test methods and criteria.64 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive.66 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics.66 ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of residential space heating appliances fired by wood pellets.68 ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity.68 ZA.2.2 EC Certificate and Declaration of conformity.69 ZA.3
CE marking and labelling.70 Bibliography.72



EN 14785:2006 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 14785:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 295 “Residential solid fuel burning appliances”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive "Construction products". For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.



EN 14785:2006 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements relating to the design, manufacture, construction, safety and performance (efficiency and emissions), instructions and marking together with associated test methods and test fuels for type-testing residential space heaters fired by wood pellets, and mechanically fed up to 50 kW nominal heat output. These appliances may be freestanding or inset appliances and provide heat into the space where they are installed and may be operated with either natural draught or fan-assisted combustion air. Additionally, where fitted with a boiler, they also provide domestic hot water and/or central heating. These appliances burn wood pellets only, in accordance with the appliance manufacturer's instructions. They operate with firedoors closed only. Non mechanically fed appliances burning solid mineral fuels, peat briquettes and natural or manufactured wood logs are not included in this European Standard, but are covered by EN 13229 and EN 13240. NOTE These appliances may have an integral fuel hopper or be combined with an external fuel hopper. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1561:1997, Founding — Grey cast irons EN 1563:1997, Founding — Spheroidal graphite cast irons EN 10025:2004 (all parts), Hot rolled products of structural steels EN 10027-2:1992, Designation systems for steels — Part 2: Numerical system EN 10028-2:2003, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties EN 10029:1991, Hot rolled steel plates 3 mm thick or above — Tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass EN 10088-2:2005, Stainless steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes EN 10111, Continuously hot-rolled low carbon steel sheet and strip for cold forming — Technical delivery conditions EN 10120:1996, Steel sheet and strip for welded gas cylinders EN 10226-3, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads —Part 2: Verification by means of limit gauges CEN/TS 14774-1:2004, Solid biofuels — Methods for determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 1: Total moisture — Reference method EN 50165:1997, Electrical equipment for non-electric appliances for houshold and simular purposes — Safety requirements EN ISO 228-1:2003, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads —
Part 1: Dimension, tolerances and designation (ISO 228-1:2000)



EN 14785:2006 (E) 7 EN ISO 228-2:2003, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads —
Part 2: Verification by means of limit gauges (ISO 228-2:1987) ISO 7-1:1994, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads —
Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances and designation ISO 334:1992, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of total sulfur — Eschka method ISO 351:1996, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of total sulfur — High temperature combustion method ISO 501:2003, Hard coal — Determination of the crucible swelling number ISO 562:1998, Hard coal and coke — Determination of volatile matter ISO 609:1996, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of carbon and hydrogen — High temperature combustion method ISO 687:2004, Solid mineral fuels — Coke — Determination of moisture in the general analysis test sample ISO 1171:1997, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of ash ISO 1928:1995, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimetric method, and calculation of net calorific value ISO 2859 (all parts), Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Appliances 3.1.1 appliance with boiler heat generator consisting of a room heating component and a water heating component in one unit 3.1.2 continuous burning appliance heating appliance designed to provide a source of heat by continuous burning and meeting the requirement of the slow combustion test 3.1.3 fireplace recess space formed in a wall or chimney breast constructed from non combustible materials, into which a heating appliance may be installed and from which a chimney flue leads 3.1.4 fireplace enclosure assembly consisting of walls and ceiling of non-combustible materials which is built on site to surround a heat generator and heat exchanger and to form a space from which hot convection air is emitted into the living space e.g. by means of air grilles 3.1.5 freestanding appliance appliance designed to operate without the need to be built into a fireplace recess or fireplace enclosure and which is not connected to the building except by the flue gas connector



EN 14785:2006 (E) 8 3.1.6 inset appliance appliance with doors designed to be installed into a fireplace recess or an enclosure, or into a firebox of an open fire 3.1.7 residential space heating appliance fired by wood pellets (pellet stove) free standing or inset appliance with closed door only and automatically stoked by a conveyor system. They may have an integral or external fuel hopper 3.2 Functional characteristics 3.2.1 ash content of the fuel solid matter remaining after the complete combustion of solid fuel 3.2.2 burning rate reduction in the mass of fuel per unit of time 3.2.3 combustion air air supplied to the firebox, which is entirely or partially used to burn the fuel 3.2.4 combustion gases compounds in gaseous form produced inside the appliance when the fuel is burned 3.2.5 efficiency ratio of total heat output to total heat input expressed as a percentage during the test period 3.2.6 flue draught differential between the static air pressure in the place of installation and the static pressure at the flue gas measurement point 3.2.7 flue gases gaseous compounds leaving the appliance flue spigot and entering the flue gas connector 3.2.8 flue gas mass flow mass of flue gas drawn off from the appliance per unit of time 3.2.9 flue gas temperature temperature of the flue gas at the specified point in the measurement section 3.2.10 heat input quantity of energy which the fuel provides to the appliance 3.2.11 maximum water operating pressure limiting water pressure at which the boiler of an appliance can be safely operated



EN 14785:2006 (E) 9 3.2.12 nominal heat output total heat output of the appliance quoted by the manufacturer and achieved under defined test conditions when burning the specified test fuel 3.2.13 operating tool device supplied with the appliance for handling movable and/or hot components 3.2.14 residue ashes, including combustibles, which collect in the ashpit 3.2.15 routine test pressure pressure to which all waterways are subjected during production at the manufacturer's plant or during setting up by the installer 3.2.16 space heating output heat output furnished by convection and radiation to the room 3.2.17 steady state conditions stage in the flue gas temperature does not change more than ± 5 K NOTE Some appliances are fitted with an automatic cleaning procedure. In the cleaning time the flue gas temperature may rise or fall. 3.2.18 temperature in the fuel hopper temperature at the hottest point, measured in the area of possible fuel storage 3.2.19 total heat output rate of useful heat released by the appliance 3.2.20 type test pressure pressure to which all waterways of the test appliance are subjected 3.2.21 water flow temperature temperature of the heated water exiting the appliance 3.2.22 water heating output heat output to water, averaged during the test period 3.2.23 water return temperature temperature of the cooled water entering the return tapping connectors of the appliance 3.2.24 reduced heat output minimum possible heat output of the appliance as a percentage of nominal heat output and achieved under defined test conditions when burning the specified test fuel



EN 14785:2006 (E) 10 3.3 Characteristics 3.3.1 air inlet control manual or automatic device to control the quantity of air supplied for combustion 3.3.2 air grilles components in the inlet and outlet openings to distribute and control convection air flow 3.3.3 ashpan removable receptacle shaped to receive the residues from the firebed 3.3.4 ashpit chamber designed to receive the residues from the ashpan 3.3.5 boiler vessel in which water is heated, intended for fitting in or forming an integral part of a solid fuel appliance 3.3.6 boiler flueway portion of the flueway formed wholly or in part by the surfaces of the boiler 3.3.7 bottomgrate part of the appliance at the base of the firebox which supports the firebed and through which the ash falls into the ashpan and combust
...