SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52927:2024

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2024
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 17296-3:2016
Aditivna proizvodnja - Splošna načela - Glavne karakteristike in ustrezne
preskusne metode (ISO/ASTM 52927:2024)
Additive manufacturing - General principles - Main characteristics and corresponding test
methods (ISO/ASTM 52927:2024)
Additive Fertigung - Grundlagen - Hauptmerkmale und entsprechende Prüfverfahren
(ISO/ASTM 52927:2024)
Fabrication additive - Principes généraux - Principales caractéristiques et méthodes
d'essai correspondantes (ISO/ASTM 52927:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO/ASTM 52927:2024
ICS:
25.030 3D-tiskanje Additive manufacturing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO/ASTM 52927
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.030 Supersedes EN ISO 17296-3:2016
English Version
Additive manufacturing - General principles - Main
characteristics and corresponding test methods
(ISO/ASTM 52927:2024)
Fabrication additive - Principes généraux - Principales Additive Fertigung - Grundlagen - Hauptmerkmale und
caractéristiques et méthodes d'essai correspondantes entsprechende Prüfverfahren (ISO/ASTM 52927:2024)
(ISO/ASTM 52927:2024)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 March 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO/ASTM 52927:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO/ASTM 52927:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261
"Additive manufacturing" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 438 “Additive
Manufacturing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2024, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 17296-3:2016.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/ASTM 52927:2024 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO/ASTM 52927:2024 without
any modification.
International
Standard
ISO/ASTM 52927
First edition
Additive manufacturing — General
2024-03
principles — Main characteristics
and corresponding test methods
Fabrication additive — Principes généraux — Principales
caractéristiques et méthodes d'essai correspondantes
Reference number
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en) © ISO/ASTM International 2024

ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
© ISO/ASTM International 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
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Published in Switzerland
© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Main characteristics and corresponding test methods . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Selection criteria .2
5 Part and process testing — Specifications and quality criteria . 3
5.1 General .3
5.2 Testing the feedstocks .3
5.3 Monitoring the process .3
5.4 Testing the part .3
Annex A (normative) Test methods for metallic materials . 4
Annex B (normative) Test methods for polymer materials .10
Annex C (normative) Test methods for ceramic materials . 14
Bibliography .18

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
iii
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in cooperation
with ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a partnership agreement
between ISO and ASTM International with the aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM standards on
additive manufacturing, and in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 438, Additive manufacturing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical
cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
The first edition of this document cancels and replaces the first edition of ISO 17296-3:2014, which has been
technically revised and merged with document ASTM F3122-14 and therefore re-designated and renamed
to ISO/ASTM 52927.
The main changes are as follows:
— the main types of materials (metallic, polymers and ceramics) are separated in specific annexes following
the main part containing general requirements;
— This document includes the contents of ASTM F3122-14 and merges them with (formerly) ISO 17296-3.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
iv
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Introduction
Additive manufacturing is a process of joining materials to make parts from 3D model data, usually layer
upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing and formative methodologies. It is used to manufacture
prototypes and production parts.
This document aims to offer recommendations and advice to machine manufacturers, feedstock suppliers,
AM system users, part providers, and customers, to improve communication between these stakeholders
concerning test methods.
This document has been developed within a set of consistent documents from terminology to test methods
and data exchange.
Additive manufacturing processes require the selective application of thermo-physical and/or chemical
mechanisms to generate the part. Thus, it is possible to produce parts with different characteristics,
depending on the method and the process parameters used. However, complete testing of all characteristics
for every part is neither cost-effective nor technologically feasible. Therefore, when formulating parts
specifications, the nature and scope of testing is an important issue.
This document provides an overview of test methods for the characterization of the mechanical properties
of metals, ceramics and polymers. It lists all the applicable standards based on specimens manufactured
in a traditional process and gives the complement applicable when these specimens are manufactured by
additive manufacturing.
At the time of publication of this document, the state of the art does not allow to describe all these specificities
related to additive manufacturing. This document will therefore be regularly revised in order to incorporate
the knowledge acquired in the field of additive manufacturing.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
v
International Standard ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Additive manufacturing — General principles — Main
characteristics and corresponding test methods
1 Scope
This document specifies the principal requirements applied to the testing of parts produced by additive
manufacturing processes.
This document
— identifies quality characteristics for feedstock and parts and the corresponding test procedures,
— provides the specific procedures to build specimens using additive manufacturing process, and
— recommends the scope and content of test and supply agreements.
This document is aimed at machine manufacturers, feedstock suppliers, AM system users, part providers,
and customers to facilitate the communication on main quality characteristics. It applies wherever additive
manufacturing processes are used.
NOTE It is the intent to include, in future versions of this document, other characteristics such as thermal
properties, electrical requirements and physical and physico-chemical properties based upon material types.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
ISO 17295 , Additive manufacturing — General principles — Part positioning, coordinates and orientation
ISO/ASTM 52900, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO/ASTM 52909, Additive manufacturing — Finished part properties — Orientation and location dependence
of mechanical properties for metal powder bed fusion
ISO/ASTM 52915, Specification for additive manufacturing file format (AMF) Version 1.2
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
1)  ISO 17295 cancels and replaces ISO/ASTM 52921-13 which is still available at: https:// www .astm .org/ f2921 -13r19
.html.
© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
4 Main characteristics and corresponding test methods
4.1 General
This clause contains the general requirements and recommendations for the relevant tests, regardless of the
material type.
For specific requirements and recommendations regarding tests and methods on specimens made of
metallic materials, see Annex A.
For specific requirements and recommendations regarding tests and methods on specimens made of
polymer materials, see Annex B.
For specific requirements and recommendations regarding tests and methods on specimens made of
ceramic materials, see Annex C.
Each development and fabrication phase of a part has a specific purpose. The acceptance criteria for each
quality characteristic are determined based on the part requirements and these can influence the choice of
additive manufacturing process. This document develops the following main quality characteristics:
— feedstock:
— size and shape: powder particle size distribution, mean particle size, morphology;
— packing and transport properties within the AM system: apparent and tap density, flowability,
pourability, filament cast and helix;
— chemistry: chemical composition, ash/carbon content.
— parts:
— surface requirements: appearance and colour;
— geometric and dimensional requirements: profile, roughness, size, shape, orientation, position,
dimensional tolerancing;
— mechanical requirements: hardness, tensile strength, impact strength, compressive strength,
flexural strength, fatigue strength, creep, ageing, frictional coefficient, shear resistance, and crack
extension;
— physical and chemical properties: density, chemical composition, grain size, imperfections (e.g.
porosity, cracks).
NOTE The following other characteristics of parts have been identified but, due to the specificity of additive
manufacturing, will be provided in a future version of this document:
— thermal properties (e.g. operating temperature range, dimensional stability in heat, softening temperatures,
melting point, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and coefficient of linear thermal expansion);
— electrical requirements (e.g. disruptive strength, dielectric properties, magnetic properties, and electrical
conductivity);
— physical and physico-chemical properties (e.g. internal flaws, flammability, toxicity, chemical composition,
chemical resistance, water absorption, crystalline structure, suitability for food, biocompatibility, sterility,
photostability, translucence, solidification point, glass transition, and corrosion).
4.2 Selection criteria
Testing categories given in Table A.1, Table B.1 and Table C.1 shall be applied to guide the relation between
customer and part provider, applicable for metallic parts, polymer parts and ceramic parts respectively.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
The choice of a testing category shall be subject to agreement between customer and part provider.
NOTE Test categories are defined according to the application and the type of material.
5 Part and process testing — Specifications and quality criteria
5.1 General
The quality of a part is determined by comparing its characteristics against an agreed set of requirements.
The requirements shall be precisely specified within the purchase specification and include suitability for
the intended application in conjunction with any specified geometric, material or performance requirements.
Inspection and testing of the part and associated test specimens are performed to demonstrate compliance
with the requirements.
NOTE 1 ISO/ASTM 52901 provides guidance on requirements for purchase specifications.
NOTE 2 A definition or discussion that lacks clarity can result in considerable additional costs and delays and/or
inferior quality.
The form of specifications depends on the application, the nature of the features being tested, and the
materials used. Specifications may also vary within one part (e.g. critical mass). Some intrinsic properties
depend on the choice of material and the technology used. Relevant test procedures shall be stipulated and
adhered to.
5.2 Testing the feedstocks
The condition of the feedstock can have a significant impact on the part properties. Significant variations
can arise due to storage and reuse of the feedstock and variations between batches. Essential data relating
to the feedstock shall be provided by the feedstock supplier.
5.3 Monitoring the process
All additive manufacturing processes are computer-assisted. This allows for the recording and statistical
analyses of certain process-related data, such as process parameters and - in most cases - certain
environmental conditions, which can be recorded at specified time intervals. The need to monitor the
process depends on the required or anticipated reproducibility of the process and part quality for each
application. Process monitoring can also be required by customer.
Where the process stability is assessed, at different intervals, consideration shall be given to selecting
monitoring points where variables are consistent (e.g. constant geometry) such that any identified variations
are indicative of process instability (e.g. mechanical properties, geometric features, chemical composition).
Test specimens for process monitoring should be as representative as possible compared to the part.
Complementary test specimens can be used to improve the testing of dimensional accuracy, reproduction
accuracy and process stability. The shape of test specimen and the nature and frequency of testing shall be
specified in agreement between the customer and part provider for each application in accordance with
applicable standards.
5.4 Testing the part
Relevant testing standards are given in Table A.2 for metallic parts, Table B.2 for polymer parts and Table C.2
for ceramic parts.
Tests and their acceptance criteria shall be set out in the purchase specification or agreement between
customer and part provider prior to manufacturing.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Annex A
(normative)
Test methods for metallic materials
A.1 General
Testing categories given in Table A.1 to Table A.4 can be applied to guide the relation between customer and
part provider, applicable for metallic parts. These testing categories define the level of criticality of the parts:
— H: tests for highly engineered or safety critical parts (e.g. safety valve);
— M: tests for functional parts that are not safety critical (e.g. flow conditioner to improve performance);
— L: tests for design or prototype parts.
For each testing category, the characteristics indicated (+) shall be considered, the characteristics indicated
(o) are recommended for consideration, and the characteristics indicated (-) are not applicable.
A.2 Surface requirements
Surface requirements for metallic parts are given in Table A.1.
Table A.1 — Surface requirements for metallic parts
Surface requirement
Appearance Surface texture Colour
H o + -
M o + -
L o o -
A.3 Geometric and dimensional requirements
Whilst geometric dimensioning and tolerance (GD&T) and/or geometrical product specifications (GPS)
requirements shall be met for all categories, tighter requirements are typically specified for parts with
higher criticality levels.
A.4 Mechanical requirements
Depending on the class of the part and the technical specification, the mechanical tests shall be adapted
accordingly
A.5 Physical and chemical property requirements
A.5.1 General
The physical and chemical property requirements shall be adapted according to the class of the part.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
A.5.2 Specificities for additive manufacturing
A.5.2.1 General
No requirement or recommendation at the date of publication of this document.
A.5.2.2 Processing
No requirement or recommendation at the date of publication of this document.
A.5.2.3 Post-processing
In order to be representative, post-processing activities applied to the part that affect the material properties
shall also be applied to the test specimens.
A.6 Performance criteria and quality characteristics
A.6.1 General
Table A.2 contains the list of main quality characteristics required from both materials and metallic parts
produced by additive manufacturing, with recommended International Standards. Due to the current
maturity of additive manufacturing technologies, development work is in progress to define and describe
specific characteristics, but in the interim it is recommended to use the standards stated within this Annex.
Reporting guidelines should be followed in accordance with each applicable standard mentioned in Table A.2.
NOTE The test is performed with the heat treatment corresponding of the final use of the part.
A.6.2 Specificities for additive manufacturing
Due to the possibility for anisotropic behaviour in metallic parts produced by additive manufacturing
processes, additional information shall be included in the reports.
NOTE 1 ISO 17295 gives guidance for location and orientation of parts and specimens within the build volume of
the additive manufacturing system. ISO/ASTM 52915 provides for location and orientation of parts within a multi-part
assembly (constellation) that can impact the orientation of the print on the build plate of an additive manufacturing system.
Specificity of additive manufacturing (e.g. anisotropy, test direction vs building direction) shall be indicated
for all measured characteristics and shall be reported in the test report. Test results shall be reported by
using the orientation and location specified in ISO 17295.
Restrictions exist for some non-homogenous materials, such as porous materials, lattice structures, etc.
when using mechanical testing results.
If the metallic parts are produced using a powder bed fusion process, the specimens shall comply with the
requirements of ISO/ASTM 52909.
More information on the method to characterize metallic powders are provided in ISO/ASTM 52907.
More information about NDT test methods are available in ISO/ASTM TR 52905 and ASTM E3166.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Table A.2 — List of main quality characteristics and corresponding recommended test standards for
metallic parts
Quality characteristic Test standard
Feedstock
Size and shape Powder particle size and distribution ISO 4497
ISO 8130-1
ISO 13319-1
ISO 13320
Morphology ISO 9276-6
Surface ISO 9277
ISO 10070
ASTM B922
ASTM B330
ASTM E2980
Packing and transport Density (tap and apparent) ISO 3923-2
properties
Flowability/ ISO 4490
pourability
Chemistry Quality characteristics See relevant material standards
Moisture Moisture ASTM E1868-10
Parts/specimens
Surface requirements Appearance ISO 16348
Colour ISO/CIE 11664-1
ISO/CIE 11664-2
ISO/CIE 11664-4
ISO/CIE 11664-5
Geometric requirements Size, length and angle dimensions, ISO 129-1
dimensional
ISO 286-1
tolerances
ISO 8015
ISO 14405 (all parts) (specification)
ISO 1938-1 (measurement)
ISO 2768-1
Surface texture ISO 21920-1 (specification)
ISO 21920-2 (specification)
ISO 21920-3 (specification)
ISO 21920 (all parts) (2D profile
method)
ISO 25178 (all parts) (3D areal)
Geometrical ISO 1101
tolerancing (deviations in form, position and (specification)
orientation)
ISO 22081
a
This standard is applicable to materials made additively, but the surface finish requirements and some thickness
requirements for the specimen can be problematic for some additive manufacturing processes.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
TTabablele A A.22 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Quality characteristic Test standard
Mechanical requirements Hardness See A.7.2
Tensile strength See A.7.3
Impact strength See A.7.5
Compressive strength ISO 4506, see A.7.4
Flexural strength ISO 3327
Fatigue strength See A.7.6
Creep ISO 204
Frictional coefficient No standard identified
Shear resistance ISO 148-1
Crack extension See A.7.7
Bend test ISO 7438
Transverse strength ISO 3327
Build material Density ISO 3369
requirements
ISO 12154
ASTM B962
ASTM B963
Physical and physico- Radiographic examination ISO 5579
chemical properties:
Penetrant testing ISO 3452-1
microstructure analyses
ISO 3452-2
(non-destructive testing)
Tomography IEC 61675–1
IEC 61675–2
Magnetic particle testing ISO 9934-1
Metallurgical analysis Grain size ISO 643
ASTM E112
ASTM E1382
Inclusions ISO 4967
ASTM E45
ASTM B796
ISO 4499 (all parts)
ISO 12154
ISO 3369
ASTM B962
ASTM B963
a
Bearing Bearing yield strength ASTM E238
Bearing strength
a
This standard is applicable to materials made additively, but the surface finish requirements and some thickness
requirements for the specimen can be problematic for some additive manufacturing processes.
A.7 Specific comment on characteristics
A.7.1 General
Specific requirements shall be considered for the following characteristics.
A.7.2 Hardness
The following indentation tests in Table A.3 can help to specify the hardness of additive manufactured parts.
Hardness is not a fundamental material property, but the wide variety of hardness test methods in use today
helps to predict a material’s resistance to plastic deformation or wear resistance, or both against abrasive

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
stress. Due to the subjective nature of the present hardness tests, the desired test method and force shall be
specified prior to testing. Regardless of the hardness test specified, all methods require preparation of the
material’s surface before testing. Prior to testing, the specimen thickness shall also be considered, because if
the specimen is too thin, the hardness value measured can be inaccurate.
Hardness testing can be performed on dedicated specimens or on smooth finished and undeformed surfaces
of the tensile or impact test specimens.
Table A.3 — Recommended standards for indentation tests for metallic parts
Type of indentation test/type of material Test standard
Brinell ASTM E10 or ISO 6506-1
Knoop ASTM E384 or ISO 4545-1
Leeb ISO 16859-1
Vickers ASTM E384 or ISO 6507-1
Rockwell ASTM E18 or ISO 6508-1
Dynamic test ISO 14577-1
Mobile Hardness tests by Webster, Barcol and Newage ASTM B647 and ASTM B648
Sintered materials ISO 4498
Verification of case-hardening depth ISO 4507
A.7.3 Tensile strength
The procedures outlined in ASTM E8/E8M, ASTM E21, ASTM E1450, ISO 2740, ISO 6892-1, ISO 6892-2,
ISO 6892-3, ISO 15579, and ISO 19819 explain guidelines for tension testing under various conditions to
determine a material’s yield and tensile strengths. All are applicable to metallic materials made additively,
but certain shapes (e.g. sheet-, wire-, and rod-shaped specimens with small diameters) are difficult to build
through an additive process.
Additional information about size and shape of specimen and orientation are available in ISO/ASTM 52909.
A.7.4 Impact strength
ASTM E23 covers impact testing to determine the behaviour of metal when subjected to multi-axial stresses,
coupled with a high loading rate and with either low or high temperatures. This standard describes the
requirements, preparation and qualifying test specimens for both Charpy and Izod methods. ISO 148-1 is
the equivalent ISO standard, but includes only guidelines for the Charpy test. Alternatively, ISO 14556 can be
utilised, which is similar to ISO 148-1 but is limited in scope to steel materials only.
A.7.5 Compressive strength
ASTM E9, ASTM E209 and ISO 4506 describe the basic method for uniaxial compression testing of metallic
specimens at various temperatures. The procedures are used in determining a material’s compressive yield
strength and compression strength. These standards are applicable to materials made additively, but not all
of the specimen types (thin sheets) can be successfully built through an additive process.
For sintered materials having a porosity of 50 % or more and lattice structures, ISO 13314 and ISO 17340
can be applied. For sintered materials, ISO 14317 can be used except for hard materials.
A.7.6 Fatigue strength
The standards applicable for fatigue strength testing of metallic materials are listed in Table A.4

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Table A.4 — List of standards for metallic part in fatigue strength testing
Standard Description
ASTM E 466 Fatigue testing of metals at room temperature. Both standards provide guidelines for an axial
force-controlled fatigue test.
ISO 1099
ISO 12106 Covers fatigue testing of metal specimens where the axial-strain is controlled.
ASTM E606 Intended for primarily strain controlled fatigue tests, in which the magnitude of time depend-
ent inelastic strains are on the same order or less than the magnitudes of time-independent
inelastic strains. In addition, ASTM E606 determines the cyclic stresses and strains any time
during the tests and provides guidance to determine the fatigue life.
ASTM E2368 To determine the thermo mechanical fatigue properties of materials under uniaxial loaded
strain-controlled conditions.
ISO 12111
ISO 1143 Determination of the fatigue life of a rotating bar while bending.
ISO 1352 For torque-controlled fatigue testing which is carried out at ambient temperature in air,
under constant amplitude angular displacement control, and which leads to failure in a few
thousand cycles.
ASTM E2760 Covers the determination of creep fatigue growth properties of nominally homogeneous ma-
terials by using pre-cracked compact specimens. It involves fatigue cycling with long loading/
unloading rates or hold times, or both.
ASTM E2789 For the fretting fatigue test. Fretting fatigue is generally characterized by a sharp decrease
in fatigue life at the same stress level as that of a standard specimen.
ISO 3928 Fatigue test piece for sintered material, excluding hardmetals.
A.7.7 Crack extension
The standards applicable for crack extension testing of metallic materials are listed in Table A.5.
Table A.5 — List of standards for crack extension applicable to metallic part
Standard Description
ASTM E647 To determine the rate of crack growth on notched specimens. The results of this test meth-
od determine the resistance of a material against crack propagation under cyclic force test
ISO 12108
conditions.
ISO 22889 For measuring the resistance to stable crack extension of metallic materials with low constraint
to plastic deformation under quasi-static loading
ASTM E 740 For fracture testing with surface-crack tension specimens. The test is performed with a con-
tinuously increasing force and sustained loading. This standard also provides the procedure
ASTM E 399
to determine the residual strength of a specimen with a semi-elliptical or circular segmented
ASTM E 1820
fatigue crack
ASTM E 1457 For measurement of creep crack growth times in metal specimens that are subjected to static
or quasi-static loading condition
ASTM E 1681 For determining the threshold stress intensity factor for environmentally-assisted cracking
of metallic materials, and requires an environmental chamber
ASTM E 2472 For determination of resistance to stable crack extension under low-constraint conditions,
which occurs when the crack-length-to thickness and uncracked-ligament-to-thickness ratio
ASTM E 561
are greater than or equal to four

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Annex B
(normative)
Test methods for polymer materials
B.1 General
Testing categories given in Table B.1 and Table B.2 can be applied to guide the relation between customer and
part provider, applicable for polymer parts. These testing categories define the level of criticality of the parts:
— H: tests for highly engineered or safety critical parts (e.g. safety valve);
— M: tests for functional parts that are not safety critical (e.g. flow conditioner to improve performance);
— L: tests for design or prototype parts.
For each testing category, the characteristics indicated (+) shall be considered, the characteristics indicated
(o) are recommended for consideration, and the characteristics indicated (-) are not applicable.
B.2 Surface requirements
Surface requirements for polymer parts are given in Table B.1.
Table B.1 — Surface requirements for polymer parts
Surface requirement
Appearance Colour
H o o
M o o
L o o
B.3 Geometric and dimensional requirements
Whilst geometric dimensioning and tolerance (GD&T) and/or geometrical product specifications (GPS)
requirements shall be met for all categories, tighter requirements are typically specified for parts with
higher criticality levels.
B.4 Mechanical requirements
Depending on the class of the part and the technical specification, the mechanical tests shall be adapted
accordingly.
B.5 Formed material requirements
B.5.1 General
The physical and chemical property requirements shall be adapted according to the class of the part.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
B.5.2 Specificities for additive manufacturing
B.5.2.1 General
No requirement or recommendation at the date of publication of this document.
B.5.2.2 Processing
No requirement or recommendation at the date of publication of this document.
B.5.2.3 Post-processing
No requirement or recommendation at the date of publication of this document.
B.6 Performance criteria and quality characteristics
B.6.1 General
Table B.2 contains the list of main quality characteristics required from both materials and polymer parts
manufactured by additive manufacturing, with recommended International Standards.
B.6.2 Specificities for additive manufacturing
Due to characteristics of the additive manufacturing technologies, work is in progress in order to define and
describe their specific characteristics but in the intermediate period, it is recommended to use these ISO or
ASTM standards in the following subclauses, unless otherwise specified.
Specificity of additive manufacturing (e.g. anisotropy, test direction vs building direction, infill strategies)
shall be indicated for all measured characteristics and shall be reported in the test report. Test results shall
be reported by using the orientation and location specified in ISO 17295.
Table B.2 — List of main quality characteristics and corresponding recommended test standards for
polymer parts
Quality characteristic Test standard
Feedstock
Bulk raw material Powder particle size and distribution ISO 4610
requirements
ISO 13319-1
ISO 13320
Morphology ISO 9276-6
Surface ISO 9277
Density (tap and apparent) ISO 1068
Flowability/ ISO 6186
pourability
ISO 4324
Quality characteristics See relevant material
standards
Moisture ASTM D6980
ASTM D7191
ASTM D6869
ASTM D7191
ASTM E1868
Parts/Specimens
a
The influence of the infill/wall for notched test specimen can influence the results of the impact test. In this case, the un-
notched specimens can be preferred.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
TTabablele B B.22 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Quality characteristic Test standard
Surface requirements Appearance ISO 16348
Colour ISO/CIE 11664-1
ISO/CIE 11664-2
ISO/CIE 11664-4
ISO/CIE 11664-5
Geometric requirements Size, length and angle dimensions, dimensional ISO 129-1
tolerances
ISO 286-1
ISO 14405-1
(specification)
ISO 1938-1
(measurement)
ISO 2768-1
ISO 8015
ISO 14405 (all parts)
Surface texture ISO 21920-1 (specification)
ISO 21920-2 (specification)
ISO 21920-3 (specification)
ISO 25178 (all parts) (3D, Sur-
face texture: Areal)
Geometrical tolerancing ISO 1101
(deviations in form, position and orientation) (specification)
ISO 22081
a
The influence of the infill/wall for notched test specimen can influence the results of the impact test. In this case, the un-
notched specimens can be preferred.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
TTabablele B B.22 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Quality characteristic Test standard
Mechanical requirements Preparation of test specimen ISO/ASTM 52903-2
ISO/ASTM 52936-1
Hardness ISO 2039 (all parts)
ISO 868
Tensile strength ISO 527-1
ISO 527-2
ISO 527-3
ISO 527-4
ISO 527-5
ASTM D1708
a
Impact strength ISO 179-1
a
ISO 179-2 (charpy)
a
ISO 180 (izod)
Compressive strength ISO 604
Flexural strength ISO 178
ASTM D790
ASTM D6272
Fatigue strength ISO 13003
ISO 15850
Creep ISO 899-1
ISO 899-2
Ageing ISO 4892-1
ISO 4892-2
ISO 4892-3
ISO 4892-4
Frictional coefficient ISO 6601
Shear resistance ISO 14129
Crack extension ISO 15850
Formed material Density ISO 1068
requirements
ISO 12154
ISO 3369
ASTM B962
ASTM B963
Physical and physico- Radiographic examination consult relevant standards
chemical properties:
Penetrant testing ISO 3452-1
microstructure analyses
ISO 3452-2
(non-destructive testing)
Tomography IEC 61675–1
IEC 61675–2
Magnetic particle testing Not relevant
Material analysis Grain size ISO 4499 (all parts)
a
The influence of the infill/wall for notched test specimen can influence the results of the impact test. In this case, the un-
notched specimens can be preferred.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52927:2024(en)
Annex C
(normative)
Test methods for ceramic materials
C.1 General
Testing categories given in Table C.1 and Table C.2 can be applied to guide the relation between customer and
part provider, applicab
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