SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2025

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2025
Dodajalna izdelava v letalski in vesoljski industriji - Značilnosti in zmogljivost
procesa - 2. del: Usmerjeno nanašanje materiala z energijo z žico in oblokom
(ISO/ASTM 52943‑2:2024)
Additive manufacturing for aerospace - Process characteristics and performance - Part
2: Directed energy deposition using wire and arc (ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024)
Additive Fertigung für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Prozessmerkmale und Leistungsvermögen -
Teil 2: Materialauftrag mit gerichteter Energieeinbringung unter Verwendung von Draht
und Lichtbogen (ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024)
Fabrication additive pour l'aérospatiale - Caractéristiques et performances du procédé -
Partie 2: Dépôt de matière sous énergie concentrée utilisant du fil et un arc (ISO/ASTM
52943-2:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024
ICS:
25.030 3D-tiskanje Additive manufacturing
49.025.01 Materiali za letalsko in Materials for aerospace
vesoljsko gradnjo na splošno construction in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO/ASTM 52943-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.030
English Version
Additive manufacturing for aerospace - Process
characteristics and performance - Part 2: Directed energy
deposition using wire and arc (ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024)
Fabrication additive pour l'aérospatiale - Additive Fertigung für Luft- und Raumfahrt -
Caractéristiques et performances du procédé - Partie 2: Prozessmerkmale und Leistungsvermögen - Teil 2:
Dépôt de matière sous énergie concentrée utilisant du Materialauftrag mit gerichteter Energieeinbringung
fil et un arc (ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024) unter Verwendung von Draht und Lichtbogen
(ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 April 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261
"Additive manufacturing" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 438 “Additive
Manufacturing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2024, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024
without any modification.
International
Standard
ISO/ASTM 52943-2
First edition
Additive manufacturing for
2024-04
aerospace — Process characteristics
and performance —
Part 2:
Directed energy deposition using
wire and arc
Fabrication additive pour l'aérospatiale — Caractéristiques et
performances du procédé —
Partie 2: Dépôt de matière sous énergie concentrée utilisant du fil
et un arc
Reference number
ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024(en) © ISO/ASTM International 2024

ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024(en)
© ISO/ASTM International 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
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Published in Switzerland
© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements for the feedstock . 2
5 Qualification of the machine operator . 3
6 Qualification of the DED machine . 3
6.1 Machine qualification .3
6.2 Machine requalification . .4
7 Build platform/substrate requirements . 5
8 Environment requirements . 5
8.1 General .5
8.2 Facility environment .5
8.3 Process environment .5
9 Procedure qualification . 6
9.1 General .6
9.2 APS .6
9.3 Procedure requalification .8
10 Engineering documents . 8
11 Production documents . 9
12 Process monitoring . 9
13 Product acceptance testing . 9
14 Build documentation and traceability .10
15 Delivery documentation .10
Annex A (informative) Operator test certificate for additive manufacturing machines by
material application with directed energy deposition .11
Bibliography .13

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
iii
ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in cooperation
with ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a partnership agreement
between ISO and ASTM International with the aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM standards on
additive manufacturing, and in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 438, Additive manufacturing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical
cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
iv
International Standard ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024(en)
Additive manufacturing for aerospace — Process
characteristics and performance —
Part 2:
Directed energy deposition using wire and arc
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the additive manufacturing of metallic parts with directed energy
deposition (DED) in the aerospace industry.
Within the application scope of this document, wire is used as feedstock, and arc processes (gas-shielded
metal arc processes (MIG/MAG/GMAW), tungsten inert gas processes (TIG/GTAW), plasma arc processes
(PAW)) are used as the main energy source.
This document is to be used in conjunction with the engineering documents, if required by the engineering
authority.
This document does not address health and safety issues.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14175, Welding consumables — Gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes
ISO/ASTM 52900, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO/ASTM 52926-5, Additive manufacturing of metals — Qualification principles — Part 5: Qualification of
operators for DED-Arc
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
preliminary additive procedure specification
pAPS
document containing the required variables of the additive manufacturing process which has to be qualified
Note 1 to entry: The pAPS contains process specific parameters and will form a section of the manufacturing plan.

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024(en)
3.2
additive procedure specification
APS
document that has been qualified and provides the required variables of the additive manufacturing process
to ensure repeatability during production
Note 1 to entry: The APS contains process specific parameters and will form a section of the manufacturing plan.
Note 2 to entry: Further information on the qualification of processes can be found in the ISO 15614 series.
3.3
key process variable
KPV
aspects of the manufacturing process that may impact the capability to meet the specified requirements
that include physical, chemical, metallurgical, mechanical and dimensional properties
[SOURCE: SAE AMS 7005:2019-01-31, 8.2.1]
3.4
engineering authority
organization that has the responsibility for the structural integrity or maintenance of airworthiness of the
hardware and compliance with all relevant documents
[SOURCE: ISO 24394:2023, 3.8, modified — "design" was removed from the term and Notes to entry have
been deleted.]
3.5
build platform
base which provides a surface upon which the building of the part/s, is started and supported throughout
the build process
[SOURCE: ISO/ASTM 52900:2021, 3.3.5]
3.6
substrate
base metal utilized to initiate the deposition of material that can remain a portion of the preform
[SOURCE: SAE AMS 7005:2019-01-31, 8.2.1, modified — “may” has been replaced with “can”. Note 1 to
entry added]
Note 1 to entry: A substrate can be integral to the final part whereas a build platform will be removed from the final part.
3.7
point of use
location where the process is performed e.g. gas nozzle or torch, trailing nozzle, gas chamber (if used)
4 Requirements for the feedstock
The properties of the feedstock to be used shall be specified. In order to guarantee a constant delivery
quality ISO 544, ISO 15792 (all parts) and ISO 14344 can be used. Typical properties include:
— feedstock diameter;
— chemical composition;
— surface condition;
— storage conditions;
— traceability (e.g. heat lot, batch).

© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2024(en)
5 Qualification of the machine operator
The qualification of the machine operator shall be carried out in accordance to ISO/ASTM 52926-5 and the
examination shall be taken every 2 years to ensure certification to the process. Alternative qualification of
machine operator may be carried out, if approved by the engineering authority. Example of such are included
in SAE AMS 7005:2019, 4.8 and Appendix C and ISO 24394 but with adaptations to the specific DED process
and type of DED machine user interface.
NOTE DED processes within the scope of this document share many of the key characteristics with established
welding processes such as MIG/MAG (GMAW), TIG (GTAW) and plasma (PAW) as well as mixed variants. The user
interface is standardized or manufacturer-specific.
Practical and theoretical examinations are required. For the practical examination. the machine operator
sets up the machine for the process and prepares it for the product to be manufactured. This is done on the
basis of an APS and a prepared product-specific programme as well as internal specifications.
Machine set-up can include the following:
— wire change;
— change of protective gas supply;
— replacement of wearing parts;
— cleaning of the machine;
— loading the production programme;
— inspection of the overall condition of the machine;
— maintenance.
The content of the theoretical examination shall be adapted to the DED process and the DED machine type
of user interface. Testing and evaluation are the responsibility of the welding or additive manufacturing
coordinator, examiner or examining body and shall be documented. For the theoretical examination, the
guidelines for the theoretical part of the examination from ISO 24394 can be applied, if applicable. A company
defined training program per SAE AMS 7005:2019, Clause C.2 may be used if approved by the engineering
authority.
In the practical part of the test, the machine operator shall prove the ability to operate the DED machine
according to an existing APS. Defined test pieces or production parts can be used for practical testing.
An example for a certificate for a machine operator test can be found in Annex A.
6 Qualification of the DED machine
6.1 Machine qualification
Each individual DED machine shall be qualified by a qualification test programme within its working range,
(see ISO 17662 or SAE AMS 7032 for information) as specified by the machine user and approved by the
engineering authority.
The machine qualification tes
...