SIST EN 14545:2009

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Lesene konstrukcije - Spojniki (konektorji) - ZahteveHolzbauwerke - Nicht Stiftförmige Verbindungselemente - AnforderungenStructures en bois - Connecteurs - ExigencesTimber structures - Connectors - Requirements91.080.20Lesene konstrukcijeTimber structuresICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14545:2008SIST EN 14545:2009en,fr,de01-december-2009SIST EN 14545:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14545October 2008ICS 91.080.20 English VersionTimber structures - Connectors - RequirementsStructures en bois - Connecteurs - ExigencesHolzbauwerke - Nicht stiftförmige Verbindungselemente -AnforderungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 August 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14545:2008: ESIST EN 14545:2009

Expression of corrosion protection specifications.21 Annex B (normative)
Procedures for the derivation of mechanical strength and stiffness characteristics of punched metal plate fasteners.22 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European
Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive.27 Bibliography.36 SIST EN 14545:2009

1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for materials, geometry, strength, stiffness and durability aspects (i.e. corrosion protection) of connectors for use in load bearing timber structures.
Only connectors manufactured from steel are covered by this European Standard, like shear plates, split ring connectors, tooth plate connectors, punched metal plate fasteners and nailing plates. Definitions of these items are given in Clause 3. This European Standard specifies also the evaluation of conformity procedures and includes requirements for marking of these products. This European Standard does not cover connectors treated with fire retardants to improve their fire performance. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 912:1999, Timber fasteners - Specifications for connectors for timber EN 1075:1999, Timber structures - Test methods - Joints made with punched metal plate fasteners EN 1995-1-1:2004, Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for buildings EN 10025-2, Hot rolled products of structural steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels EN 10029, Hot rolled steel plates 3 mm thick or above - Tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass EN 10051, Continuously hot-rolled uncoated plate, sheet and strip of non-alloy and alloy steels - Tolerances on dimensions and shape EN 10088-1, Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels. EN 10088-2, Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10143, Continuously hot-dip coated steel sheet and strip - Tolerances on dimensions and shape EN 10204, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents EN 10292, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of steels with high yield strength for cold forming - Technical delivery conditions EN 10326, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of structural steels - Technical delivery conditions EN 10327, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of low carbon steels for cold forming -Technical delivery conditions EN 13271:2001, Timber fasteners - Characteristic load-carrying capacities and slip-moduli for connector joints SIST EN 14545:2009

3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1995-1-1:2004 and the following apply. 3.1 connector shear plates, split ring connectors or tooth plate connectors as defined in EN 912 and punched metal plate fasteners or nailing plates as defined below 3.2
nailing plate flat rectangular metal plate containing pre-punched holes through which nails or screws are inserted
NOTE Used either on the external faces of a joint to join two or more pieces of timber of the same thickness in the same plane or on one external face of a timber member for anchoring and bracing. 3.3 punched metal plate fastener metal plate having integral projections punched out in one direction perpendicular to the base of the plate NOTE Used to join two or more pieces of timber of the same thickness in the same plane. 3.4 plate thickness nominal steel plate thickness including the thickness of any corrosion protection coating 3.5 stiffness (slip modulus)
the value of kser defined in EN 26891, calculated per fastener and per shear plane 4 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this standard, the symbols and abbreviations given in EN 1995-1-1:2004, EN 14358:2006, EN 13271:2001, EN 912:1999 and the following ones apply. A80
percentage elongation (%) dc
connector diameter defined in EN 13271 (mm) SIST EN 14545:2009

characteristic punched metal plate anchorage capacity (N/mm2) fv,.,k
characteristic punched metal plate shear capacity (N/mm) ft,k
characteristic punched metal plate tension capacity (N/mm) fc,k
characteristic punched metal plate compression capacity (N/mm)
kser
slip modulus per shear plane per fastener (N/mm3) ks
statistical constant defined in EN 14358 k1, k2, .0
constants used to characterise the shape of the punched metal plate anchorage capacity kv, γ0
constants used to characterise the shape of the punched metal plate shear capacity l
overall connector length (mm) tp
metal plate thickness (mm) w
overall connector width (mm) α
maximum bend angle (degrees) ρk
characteristic timber density (kg/m3) ρm
mean timber density (kg/m3) 5 Dimensions and tolerances 5.1 Method of measurement and accuracy Length and width of the connectors shall be measured using a device capable of achieving an accuracy of ± 0,5 mm. Thickness and diameter shall be measured using a calibrated device capable of achieving an accuracy of ± 1 %. 5.2 Length
Where appropriate, the overall length of the connector shall be measured and the result declared. When sampled in accordance with Tables 2, 3 and
4 and Tables 5, 6 and 7 and measured, the overall length shall be within – 1 mm/+ 2 mm or – 1 %/+ 2 %, whichever is the greater, of its declared value. 5.3 Width Where appropriate, the overall width of the connector shall be measured and the result declared. When sampled in accordance with Tables 2, 3 and 4 and Tables 5, 6 and 7 and measured, the overall width shall be within – 1 mm/+ 2 mm or – 1 %/+ 2 %, whichever is the greater, of its declared value. 5.4 Diameter Where appropriate, the connector diameter shall be measured and the result declared.
Where tolerances on diameter are not otherwise given in EN 912, when sampled in accordance with Tables 2 and 4 and Tables 5 and 7 and measured to an accuracy of 0,01 mm, the nominal diameter shall be within ± 2,5 % of its declared value. 5.5 Thickness Where appropriate, the thickness of the connector shall be measured and the result declared. When sampled in accordance with Tables 2, 3 and 4 and Tables 5, 6 and 7 and measured, the plate thickness shall be within the tolerances specified for the parent plate material being used. SIST EN 14545:2009

specified (i.e. dimensions and tolerances) shall be as given in that standard. 6.1.3 Mechanical strength and stiffness For joints formed using shear plates, split ring connectors and toothed-plate connectors specified in EN 912, the following characteristics shall be determined according to EN 13271 for: a) mechanical strength: as characteristic load bearing capacity, and b) mechanical stiffness: as slip modulus. NOTE The equations for the load-bearing capacity of joints made with the connectors covered by EN 912 are given in EN 1995-1-1. 6.1.4 Corrosion protection For shear plates, split ring connectors and toothed-plate connectors covered by EN 912, the corrosion protection specifications shall be as given in that standard and shall be declared as appropriate service class according to EN 1995-1-1. Examples of minimum corrosion protection or material specifications for different service classes are given in EN 1995-1-1. 6.2 Punched metal plate fasteners 6.2.1 Materials Punched metal plate fasteners shall be formed from the steel specifications given in Table 1 and shall have a minimum elongation (A80) of 16 %. SIST EN 14545:2009

Table 1 – Minimum steel specifications Type Reference Minimum specification Mild steel plate or strip
EN 10327
DX51D
EN 10326 S220GD
EN 10292 HX220YD Austenitic stainless steel plate EN 10088-2 X5CrNiTi 18-10
6.2.2 Geometry Punched metal plate fasteners shall be produced from steel having a plate thickness tp of minimum 0,9 mm and of maximum 3,0 mm. The tolerance on the plate thickness shall be in accordance with EN 10143 for mild steel or EN ISO 9445 for stainless steel.
6.2.3 Mechanical strength and stiffness The characteristics of the punch metal plate fasteners shall be determined in accordance with Annex B, based on tests performed in accordance with Annex A of EN 1075:1999. They are as follows for: a)
mechanical anchorage-, tension-, compression- and shear strength, as: 1) characteristic plate anchorage capacity,
2) characteristic plate tension capacity,
3) characteristic plate compression capacity, and 4) characteristic plate shear capacity; and b)
mechanical stiffness, as: 1) plate slip modulus, and 2) nail root ductility.
6.2.4 Corrosion protection Punched metal plate fasteners for use in structural timber applications shall either be made of a material which is inherently corrosion resistant, or require corrosion protection coating. The material or coating shall be declared in accordance with the relevant specification given in Annex A. Examples of minimum corrosion protection or material specifications for different service classes are given in EN 1995-1-1. SIST EN 14545:2009

± 0,5 mm. Tolerances on the length and width shall be in accordance with 5.2 and 5.3, respectively. 6.3.3 Mechanical strength and stiffness The following characteristics of the nailing plates shall be determined on the parent material according to standards in 6.3.1 for: a) mechanical strength: as characteristic yield strength, and b) mechanical stiffness: as minimum percentage elongation after fracture. NOTE For those holes in which nails are inserted, provided that the nail spacing rules given in EN 1995-1-1 are respected, the capacity of joints made with nailing plates may be calculated using the equations for nailed steel-to-timber joints in EN 1995-1-1. 6.3.4 Corrosion protection Nailing plates for use in structural timber applications shall either be made of a material, which is inherently corrosion resistant, or require a corrosion protection coating. The material or coating shall be declared in accordance with the relevant specification given in Annex A. Examples of minimum corrosion protection or material specifications for different service classes are given in EN 1995-1-1. SIST EN 14545:2009

Table 2 - Shear plate, split ring and toothed plate connectors (according to EN 912) - Sampling plan and compliance criteria for initial type testing
Characteristic Test method and assessment Min. number of specimensAssessment criteria Materials Supplier’s declaration 5 separate steel consignments See 6.1.1 (i.e. EN 912) Geometry (i.e dimensions and tolerances): - length (l), width (w) and diameter (dc) See 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 5 See 6.1.2: Declared values for l, w or dc = nominal values given in EN 912 - tolerances on l, w and dc See 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 5 See 6.1.2 (i.e. EN 912) Mechanical strength, as: - characteristic load-bearing capacity See 6.1.3 (i.e. EN 13271) 5 See 6.1.3
(i.e. EN 912 and EN 13271) Mechanical stiffness, as: - slip modulus See 6.1.3 (i.e. EN 13271) 5 See 6.1.3
(i.e. EN 912 and EN 13271) Durability
(i.e. corrosion protection) Supplier’s declaration 5 separate steel consignments See 6.1.4 (i.e. EN 912 )
Characteristic Test method and assessment Min. number of specimens Compliance criteria Materials Supplier’s declaration 5 separate steel consignments See 6.2.1 (i.e. relevant EN) Geometry (i.e. dimensions and tolerances): - Plate dimensions: length (l) and width (w) See 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 5 See 6.2.2; Declared values for l and w ≤ mean measured values - Plate thickness (tp) See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.2.2; 0,9 mm ≤ tp ≤ 3 mm
Declared value tp, at which the mechanical characteristics are derived (acc. to EN 1075) - Plate thickness tolerance See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.2.2; Acc. to EN 10143 or EN ISO 9445, as appropriate - Other dimensions (if relevant) See 5.1 and 5.6 5 See 6.2.2; As appropriate to declared mean value Mechanical strength, as: - characteristic plate anchorage capacity (fa,0,0, fa,90,90, k1,k2,α0) EN 1075 +
Annex B 6 × 5 See 6.2.3; Declared values for: (fa,0,0, fa,90,90, k1, k2, α0), together with the characteristic timber density (ρk) (in kg/m3) - characteristic plate tension capacity
(ft,0, ft,90) EN 1075 +
Annex B 2 × 5 See 6.2.3; Declared values for: (ft,0, ft,90) - characteristic plate compression capacity (fc,0, fc,90) EN 1075 +
Annex B 2 × 5 See 6.2.3; Declared values for: (fc,0, fc,90) - characteristic plate shear capacity
(fv,0, fv,90, kv, γ0) EN 1075 +
Annex B 12 × 3 See 6.2.3; Declared values for: (fv,0, fv,90, kv, γ0) Mechanical stiffness, as: - plate slip modulus ( kser) Anchorage tests to EN 1075 + Annex B 6 × 5 See 6.2.3; Global mean test value, kser, determined acc. to EN 26891 ≥ declared value and the mean timber density (ρm) (in kg/m3) - nail root ductility
EN 1075:1999 (Annex A) 6 teeth per coil See 6.2.3; Number of bends to failure ≥ 3 on each test specimen and the mean timber density (ρm) (in kg/m3)
Durability
(i.e. corrosion protection) Supplier’s declaration 5 separate steel consignments See 6.2.4 and Annex A
Characteristic Test method and assessment Min. number of specimens Compliance criteria Materials Supplier’s declaration 5 separate steel consignments See 6.3.1 (i.e. relevant EN) Geometry (i.e. dimensions and tolerances): - Plate dimensions: length (l) and width (w) See 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 5 See 6.3.2;
Declared values for l and w ≤ mean measured values - Plate thickness (tp) See 5.1, 5.5 and
EN 10051; EN 10143; EN 10029 or
EN ISO 9445
(as appropriate) See EN 10051; EN 10143;
EN 10029 or
EN ISO 9445
(as appropriate)
See 6.3.2; Mean measured value tp ≥ declared tp value ≥ 9 mm - Plate dimension and thickness tolerances See 5.1, 5.5 and
EN 10051; EN 10143; EN 10029 or EN ISO 9445
(as appropriate) See EN 10051; EN 10143; EN 10029 or
EN ISO 9445
(as appropriate)
See 6.3.2; According to:
- EN 10051;
- EN 10143; - EN 10029; or - EN ISO 9445 (as appropriate) - Hole size and positioning tolerances See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.3.2 - Other dimensions (if relevant) See 5.1 and 5.6 5 See 6.3.2; As appropriate to declared mean value Mechanical strength, i.e. the parent plate material’s: - characteristic yield strength See 6.3.1 See 6.3.1 See 6.3.3; Mean measured value ≥ declared value ≥ value in relevant standard given in 6.3.2 (Parent material) Mechanical stiffness, i.e. the parent plate material’s: - minimum percentage elongation after fracture See 6.3.1 See 6.3.1 See 6.3.3; Mean measured value ≥ declared value ≥ value in relevant standard given in 6.3.2 (Parent material) Durability
(i.e. corrosion protection) Supplier’s declaration 5 separate steel consignments See 6.3.4 and Annex A
7.3 Factory production control (FPC) 7.3.1 General The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain an FPC system to ensure that the products placed on the market conform with the declared performance characteristics. The FPC system shall consist of procedures, regular inspections and tests and/or assessments and the use of the results to control raw and other incoming materials or components, equipment, the production process and the product. SIST EN 14545:2009

material,  geometry (i.e. dimensions and tolerances),  mechanical strength and stiffness,  protection against corrosion (if relevant),  marking.
The daily control shall be carried in accordance with:  Table 5, for shear plates, split ring and toothed plate connectors,  Table 6, for punched metal plate fasteners,  Table 7, for nailing plates. SIST EN 14545:2009

Table 5 - Shear plate, split ring and toothed plate connectors (according to EN 912) - Inspection schemes for factory production control
Characteristic Test method Min. number of specimens Compliance criteria Material Supplier’s declaration a Each steel consignment See 6.1.1 (i.e. EN 912) Geometry (i.e. dimensions and tolerances):
- length, l, width, w or diameter (dc) See 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 5 See 6.1.2. Mean of measured values ≥ declared value - dimensional tolerances See 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 5 See 6.1.2. Verify compliance with relevant EN 912 specification Mechanical strength, as: - characteristic load-bearing capacity. b Supplier’s declaration a and 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 5 See 6.1.1 (i.e. EN 912) and see 6.1.2. Mean of measured values ≥ declared value and verify compliance with relevant
EN 912 specification Mechanical stiffness, as: - slip modulus b Supplier’s declaration a and 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4 5 See 6.1.1 (i.e. EN 912) and see 6.1.2. Mean of measured values ≥ declared value and verify compliance with relevant
EN 912 specification
Durability
(i.e. corrosion protection) Supplier’s declaration a 5 See 6.1.4 (i.e. EN 912) c Marking Visual 1 package See 8.1 and 8.2 a
Supplier’s certificate of compliance (EN 10204 Designation 2.1 or higher). b
Mechanical strength and stiffness characteristics shall be indirectly checked by the material and geometry control. c
Declared as appropriate service class according to EN 1995-1-1.
Supplier’s declaration a
Each steel consignment See 6.2.1. A80 and Table 1 Geometry (i.e. dimensions and tolerances): - Plate dimensions:
length (l) and width (w) See 5.1, 5.2 and 5.5. 1 per size on every production size change See 6.2.2. Mean of measured values ≥ declared value - Plate thickness (tp) a See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.2.2; Mean of measured values ≥ declared value from Table 3 - Plate thickness tolerance See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.2.2; According to EN 10143 or
EN ISO 9445, as appropriate - Other dimensions
(if relevant) See 5.1 and 5.6 1 per punch on commissioning a new tool, thereafter 6 per coil See 6.2.2 Mechanical strength, as: - characteristic plate anchorage capacity
(fa,0,0, fa,90,90, k1, k2, α0) b - characteristic plate tension capacity (ft,0, ft,90) b - characteristic plate compression capacity
(fc,0, fc,90) b - characteristic plate shear capacity (fv,0, fv,90, kv, γ0) b
Supplier’s declaration a and See 5.1, 5.2, 5.5 and 5.6.
Each steel consignment
See 6.2.1. A80 and Table 1 and see 6.2.2 Mean of measured values ≥ declared value and EN 10143 or
EN ISO 9445, as appropriate Mechanical stiffness, as: - plate slip modulus (kser) b Supplier’s declaration a and see 5.1, 5.2, 5.5 and 5.6. Each steel consignment See 6.2.1. A80 and Table 1 and see 6.2.2. Mean of measured values ≥ declared value and EN 10143 or EN ISO 9445, as appropriate - nail root ductility
EN 1075:1999 (Annex A) 1 per punch on commissioning a new tool,
thereafter 6 teeth per coil Number of bends to failure ≥ 3
(i.e. corrosion protection) Supplier’s declaration
Each steel consignment See 6.2.4 and Annex A c Marking Visual 5
See 8.1 and 8.3 a
Supplier’s certificate of compliance (EN 10204 Designation 2.1 or higher).
b
Mechanical strength and stiffness characteristics shall be indirectly checked by the material and geometry control. c
Declared as appropriate service class according to EN 1995-1-1.
Supplier’s declaration a
Each steel consignment See 6.3.1 (i.e. relevant EN) Geometry (i.e. dimensions and tolerances): - Plate dimensions:
length (l) and width (w)
See 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 1 per batch See 6.3.2. Mean of measured values ≥ declared value - Plate thickness (tp) See 5.1 and 5.5 5
See 6.3.2;
Mean of measured values ≥ declared
value - Plate dimension and thickness tolerances See 5 and EN 10051, EN 10143; EN 10029 or EN ISO 9445 (as appropriate) See EN 10051; EN 10143; EN 10029 or EN ISO 9445 (as appropriate)
See 6.3.2; According to:
- EN 10051;
- EN 10143; - EN 10029; or - EN ISO 9445,
(as appropriate) - Hole size and positioning tolerances See 5.1 and 5.5 1 per batch See 6.3.2, Mean of measured values ≥ declared
value - Other dimensions
(if relevant) See 5.1 and 5.6 5 As appropriate to declared mean value Mechanical strength, i.e. the parent plate material’s: - characteristic yield strength b Supplier’s declaration a and dimension and tolerance control (above) Each steel consignment See 6.3.1 (i.e. relevant EN) and dimension and tolerance control (above) Mechanical stiffness, i.e. the parent plate material’s: - minimum percentage elongation after fracture b Supplier’s declaration a and dimension and tolerance control (above) Each steel consignment See 6.3.1 (i.e. relevant EN)
and dimension and tolerance control (above)
Durability
(i.e. corrosion protection) Suppliers declaration
Each steel consignment See 6.3.4 and Annex A c Marking Visual 1 per batch See 8.1 and 8.4 a
Supplier’s certificate of compliance (EN 10204 Designation 2.1 or higher). b
Mechanical strength and stiffness characteristics shall be indirectly checked by the material and geometry control
c Declared as appropriate service class according to EN 1995-1-1.
Expression of corrosion protection specifications NOTE See 6.2.4 and 6.3.4. The materials or coating specification used to achieve corrosion protection are detailed in Table A.1 and shall be in accordance with EN 1995-1-1. Alternative materials or coatings shall have equivalent properties/ performance. It is noted that standards for galvanized and electroplated coatings express mass/unit area of coatings with respect to the surface area, and standards for hot-dip coated sheet express mass/unit area with respect to the area of the sheet (i.e. the area of a sheet represents half the area of its surface). Table A.1 - Corrosion resistant materials and coatings Material Standard Preferred
Austenitic stainless steel (molybdenum chrome nickel alloys) EN 10088-1 grade 1.4401
Austenitic stainless steel (chrome nickel alloys) EN 10088-1 grade 1.4301
grade 1.4310
Hot-dip zinc coating EN ISO 1461 thickness 20 µm
thickness 35 µm thickness 45 µm Electroplated zinc coating ISO 2081 type and thickness Fe/Zn 12c
type and thickness Fe/Zn 25c type and thickness Fe/Zn 40c Zinc pre-coated steel strip or sheet EN 10327 EN 10326/ EN 10292
type and g/m2
Z275 type and g/m2
Z350 SIST EN 14545:2009
Procedures for the derivation of mechanical strength and stiffness characteristics of punched metal plate fasteners NOTE
See 6.2.3 and Tables 3 and 4. B.1 General This Annex outlines the procedures for the derivation of the mechanical strength (anchorage, tension, compression and shear) and stiffness (slip modulus) characteristics of punched metal plate fasteners, expressed, as required by EN 1995-1-1. The determination of the characteristic properties shall be based on the results of tests on joints fabricated, conditioned and tested in accordance with EN 1075. Results of tests, where failure modes occurred other than those desired, may be disregarded provided the number of remaining test results exceeds the minimum specified. NOTE EN 14358 determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties are similar to EN 1058. When EN 14358 is used EN 1058 only concerns the determination of characteristic values of density. B.2 Derivation of characteristic anchorage strengths B.2.1 Timber for test specimens Timber for test specimens shall be sampled according to method 1 or 2 as given in EN 28970:1991. The characteristic density of the timber used in the EN 1075 tests to determine the characteristic anchorage strengths shall be declared. Characteristic anchorage strengths for characteristic timber densities other than those tested shall be determined using the procedure described in B.2.4. B.2.2 Number of test specimens The test programme for the determination of characteristic anchorage strengths shall be as shown in Table B.1. Table B.1 - Test programme for the determination of characteristic anchorage strengths Angle of load to fastener length, α (°) Angle of load to grain, β (°) Minimum no. of tests 0 0 5 30 0 5 60 0 5 90 0 5 0 90 5 90 90 5 SIST EN 14545:2009

The results of tests, where no true anchorage failure is observed (e.g. tension perpendicular to grain failures), shall be disregarded in the determination of characteristic anchorage strength. B.2.3 Evaluation of characteristic values In the determination of the maximum anchorage strength of a test specimen (fa,α,β) the following symbols
shall be used:  Aef as defined in EN 1995-1-1;  C as defined in EN 1075. The characteristic anchorage strength for each tested plate orientation shall be calculated by employing a global coefficient of variation (COVg ) calculated using all test results (n) having the same mode of failure (e.g. anchorage), together with the statistical constant, ks from EN 14358, being based on the same number (n) of results. The global coefficient of variation shall be calculated using the formula below: COVg = 05,0)()))(1((2,≥∑−−∑Jinsniyi
(B.1) where: ni
= number of test results for each plate orientation, sy,i
= standard deviation according to EN 14358 of each plate orientation, J
= number of plate orientations tested. The characteristic anchorage strength fa,α,β,0.05 for each plate orientation (., ) shall then be calculated according to EN 14358, using
ks
= factor given in EN 14358 for inn∑= sy
= gCOV y
= the mean value of the ultimate anchorage strength of the stochastic variable y = ln(fa,α,β), where fa,α,β is the ultimate strength for the actual plate orientation (α,β). B.2.4 Data required by EN 1995-1-1 The following five anchorage properties defined in EN 1995-1-1 shall be evaluated from the six characteristic anchorage strength determined from the test programme listed in Table B.1: fa,0,0
= Characteristic anchorage strength derived directly from the test results, fa,90,90 = Characteristic anchorage strength taken as the lesser of fa,90,90 and fa,0,90, k1
= (fa,30,0 - fa,0,0)/(30°), k2
= (fa,90,0 - fa,60,0)/(30°), α0
= [fa,90,0 - fa,0,0 - ((90°)k2)]/(k1 - k2). SIST EN 14545:2009
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