SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Sicherheit von Maschinen - Menschliche körperliche Leistung - Teil 4: Bewertung von Körperhaltungen und Bewegungen bei der Arbeit an MaschinenSécurité des machines - Performance physique humaine - Partie 4: Evaluation des postures et mouvements lors du travail en relation avec les machinesSafety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 4: Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery13.180ErgonomijaErgonomics13.110Varnost strojevSafety of machineryICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008en,fr,de01-december-2008SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1005-4:2005+A1
October 2008 ICS 13.110; 13.180 Supersedes EN 1005-4:2005 English Version
Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 4: Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery
Sécurité des machines - Performance physique humaine - Partie 4: Evaluation des postures et mouvements lors du travail en relation avec les machines
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Menschliche körperliche Leistung - Teil 4: Bewertung von Körperhaltungen und Bewegungen bei der Arbeit an Maschinen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 February 2005 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 18 August 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/79/EC.20 Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this
European
Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""".21 Bibliography.22 SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008

1 This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 "Biomechanics". SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008

The provisions of this European Standard can be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type B standard. SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008

2 This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 "Biomechanics". SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008

EN ISO 12100-1:2003 apply. 4 Requirements 4.1 General It is recommended that those using this European Standard should first refer to EN 1050, EN ISO 12100-1,
EN ISO 12100-2, and EN 614-1. The requirements conveyed by this European Standard formally apply to all machine-related actions. Assessing each individual action may be impracticable, therefore those actions which are frequently undertaken or are infrequent but may give rise to risk of pain, fatigue or disorder shall be part of the risk assessment. NOTE It is emphasised that the requirements in this European Standard should not be used to regulate work organisation. Above all, machinery design shall allow for variation between and while sitting, standing, and walking. Awkward body postures and movements shall be avoided (e.g. kneeling, crouching). Good design shall encourage low frequency movements and avoid painful and tiring postures and high frequency movements (see 4.3). This European Standard adopts a stepwise risk assessment approach for assessing postures and movements as part of the machinery design process (see Figure 1). The approach detailed in this European Standard makes a distinction between:  Evaluation without operators: When there is no full-size model/prototype of the machinery or its parts currently available (see 4.2.5);  Evaluation with operators: When a full-size model/prototype of the machinery or its parts is available (see 4.2.6). Clause 4.2 provides guidance during the various design stages. Clause 4.3 provides the risk assessment procedure for determining the acceptability of postures and movements. It is emphasised that there may be information available or obtainable on the use and consequences of particular designs and tasks performed. Provision shall be made for the collection and use of this data. This data shall be analysed to determine whether current designs and practices are adequate or whether a redesign of the machine is needed. The use of inexperienced subjects to perform established tasks may sometimes identify problems that experienced operators have learned to avoid. 4.2 Guidance towards risk assessment 4.2.1 General Five main stages of the design process based on ergonomic tasks, as outlined in EN 614-1, are discussed in more detail (see 4.2.2 to 4.2.6 and Figure 1 (texts printed in bold)). SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008

NOTE The numbers in the boxes and the texts to the right refer to sections in this European Standard. Figure 1 — Flow chart illustrating the risk assessment approach
4.2.2 Establish the operator population A design shall accommodate the full range of intended operators. When considering the postures and movements of operators, it is important to determine the range of body dimensions of the operator population, the general principles of which are described in EN 614-1. The ergonomic tasks described in 4.2.4 to 4.2.6 rely on the selected body dimensions. 4.2.3 Perform a task analysis Each task the operator is required to perform shall be identified and broken down into its individual components to produce a series of sequential events. All visual, control (hand/foot), stability, and force demands shall be determined for each of these events. The ergonomic tasks described in 4.2.4 to 4.2.6 are dependent upon this information. Furthermore, possible movement frequencies and work durations required with the machine shall be considered. The risk assessment described in 4.3.2 to 4.3.5 is dependent upon this information. 4.2.4 Identify the ergonomic data required When considering the postures and movements of operators, EN ISO 14738 provides the ergonomic data required in any design process, i.e., with respect to:  Selecting the main working posture (sitting, standing, standing with a buttock rest);  Machinery dimensions (space/area demands, work surface height/slope). 4.2.2 acceptableacceptable redesign redesign not acceptable not acceptable 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.3 4.2.6 Establish the operator populationPerform a task analysis Evaluate at the drawing-table/CAD-screenRisk assessment Evaluate with operators Risk assessment Identify the ergonomic data required4.3 SIST EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008

Posture or movement may be adversely affected by the type and orientation of a hand grip/contact or pedal. For example, inappropriate orientation of the hand grip axis may create an unfavourable elevated upper arm;  Stability demands: Posture may be affected by the need to support the body, or body parts, at the machinery. For example, when undertaking precision work, a low surface used to support the elbows can cause excessive forward bending of the trunk. When there is a need to exert a force, reference shall be made to EN 1005-2, EN 1005-3, and prEN 1005-5. EN 894-1, EN 894-2, and EN 894-3 provide ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators. 4.2.5 Evaluate at the drawing-table/CAD-screen Early in the design process a comparison shall be made between the body dimensions of the intended operator population (see 4.2.2) and the machinery dimensions. A number of methods may be used: standards (e.g. EN 547-1, EN 547-2, EN 547-3, EN ISO 14738), body templates or computer manikins. It is recommended that a template or manikin be positioned in natural postures to simulate tasks, and that the risk assessment described in 4.3 of this European Standard be performed. If the design turns out to be ‘not acceptable', the user of this European Standard should go back to an earlier design stage and modify the design. This procedure should be repeated as many times as necessary, before going to 4.2.6. 4.2.6 Evaluate with operators It is required to simulate tasks at least once by actual operators (selected test subjects representing the intended operator population) with a full-size model/prototype of the machinery or
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