SIST EN ISO 17261:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2012
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SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 17261:2006
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 17261:2006/AC:2006
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Intelligent transport systems - Automatic vehicle and equipment identification -
Intermodal goods transport architecture and terminology (ISO 17261:2012)
Intelligente Transportsysteme - Automatische Fahrzeug- und Ausstattungsidentifizierung
- Intermodaler Gütertransport Architektur und Begriffsbestimmung (ISO 17261:2012)
Systèmes intelligents de transport - Identification automatique des véhicules et des
équipements - Architecture et terminologie du transport intermodal des marchandises
(ISO 17261:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 17261:2012
ICS:
03.220.20 Cestni transport Road transport
35.240.60 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in transport
transportu in trgovini and trade
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 17261
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2012
ICS 35.240.60; 03.220.01 Supersedes CEN ISO/TS 17261:2005
English Version
Intelligent transport systems - Automatic vehicle and equipment
identification - Intermodal goods transport architecture and
terminology (ISO 17261:2012)
Systèmes intelligents de transport - Identification Intelligente Transportsysteme - Automatische Fahrzeug-
automatique des véhicules et des équipements - und Ausstattungsidentifizierung - Intermodaler
Architecture et terminologie du transport intermodal des Gütertransport Architektur und Begriffsbestimmung (ISO
marchandises (ISO 17261:2012) 17261:2012)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 31 August 2012.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 17261:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3

Foreword
This document (EN ISO 17261:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 278 “Road
transport and traffic telematics”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN, in collaboration with Technical
Committee ISO/TC 204 "Intelligent transport systems".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2013.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CEN ISO/TS 17261:2005.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 17261:2012 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 17261:2012 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17261
First edition
2012-09-01
Intelligent transport systems —
Automatic vehicle and equipment
identification — Intermodal goods
transport architecture and terminology
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Identification automatique des
véhicules et des équipements — Architecture et terminologie du
transport intermodal des marchandises
Reference number
ISO 17261:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012
ISO 17261:2012(E)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 17261:2012(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 2
4 Requirements . 8
4.1 General requirements . 8
4.2 Conceptual architecture . 9
4.3  Logical definition .13
4.4 Functional architecture .15
4.5 Application architecture .15
4.6 Information architecture .18
4.7 Object interactions .19
4.8 System security architecture .20
4.9 Resilience issues .20
4.10 Performance issues .21
4.11 Disaster recovery .21
4.12 Migration issues .21
4.13  System specification .21
4.14 Implementation architecture .21
Annex A (informative) Architectural views of logistic and distribution systems .22
Bibliography .30
ISO 17261:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 17261 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems, in collaboration
with Technical Committee CEN/TC 278, Road transport and traffic telematics.
This first edition of ISO 17261 cancels and replaces the first edition of ISO/TS 17261:2005, including
ISO/TS 17261:2005/Cor. 1:2005, which has been technically revised.
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 17261:2012(E)
Introduction
This International Standard prescribes the overall parameters within which subsidiary International Standards
are constructed. The architecture description defined in this International Standard is a consistent extension to
ISO 14814 (AVI reference architectures and terminology).
ISO 14814 provides an architecture context for AVI/AEI for road transport. This International Standard extends
this architecture context to include intermodal and multimodal movements.
This International Standard is part of a series of International Standards defining AVI/AEI in the Intelligent
Transport Systems/Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (ITS/RTTT) environment. The following documents
have been issued from ISO TC 204 to form a family of International Standards for the sector:
ISO 14814 AVI/AEI Reference architectures and terminology;
ISO 14816 AVI/AEI Numbering and data structures;
ISO 14815 AVI/AEI System specification;
ISO 17261 AVI/AEI Intermodal goods transport reference architectures and terminology;
ISO 17262 AVI/AEI Intermodal goods transport: Numbering and data structures;
ISO 17263 AVI/AEI Intermodal goods transport: System parameters;
ISO 17264 AVI/AEI Intermodal goods transport: Interface requirements;
An AVI/AEI interaction in an ITS/RTTT environment comprises an identification of On-Board Equipment (OBE)
by a reader/interrogator and can transfer additional data.
The data component in an ITS/RTTT environment provides the basis for unambiguous identification of the
OBE, and may also share a medium for a bi-directional interactive exchange of data between the host and OBE
and to other equipment (such as smart cards etc.).
The principles of data presentation determined in ISO 17262 have been adopted to provide an interoperable
architecture within an International Standard framework. The use of Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)
PER is therefore an integral part of the data architecture determined in this International Standard.
The numbering and data structure are capable of operation both by read/write devices, and by read only
devices where there is no requirement (and sometimes no possibility) to write to the OBE.
A key feature of the structure is to provide interoperability of data constructs.
Within the ITS/RTTT sector, applications can range from simple vehicle and equipment identification to complex
international systems.
The reference architecture model and the data construct schemes described in this family of International
Standards/Technical Specifications extend the approved AVI conceptual architecture to provide a
comprehensive conceptual and logical system architecture to describe the relationships and functionality for
a wide range of media so that the currency of the International Standard remains good for both existing and
future technologies. This International Standard recognises that there are existing AVI/AEI applications and
provides a means of supporting such data constructs within this International Standard.
In many cases it is necessary or desirable to use one air carrier frequency and protocol, but this is not always
possible or even desirable in all situations.
In accordance with the resolutions of ISO TC 204 and CEN TC 278 the use of Abstract Syntax Notation One
(ASN.1) from ISO 8824 as a data definition structure is adopted. Its usage provides maximum interoperability
and conformance to existing ITS/RTTT and related International Standards and Technical Specifications.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17261:2012(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Automatic vehicle and
equipment identification — Intermodal goods transport
architecture and terminology
1 Scope
This International Standard describes the conceptual and logical architecture for automatic vehicle and
equipment identification (AVI/AEI) and supporting services in an intermodal/multimodal environment.
It presents a high level view of AEI intermodal and multimodal system architecture, and describes the key
sub systems, their associated interfaces and interactions and how they fit into system wide functions such as
management, security and information flow.
This International Standard identifies the context of intermodal/multimodal AEI within the overall AVI/AEI context
and key external inter-dependencies and interfaces to the intermodal/multimodal sector IT infrastructure.
These include interfaces to the external and internal users of the intermodal/multimodal system services
and their associated IT systems, interfaces to intermodal/multimodal management systems, existing
intermodal/multimodal networks and system operations, and specifically interfaces to item identification and
the domain of JTC 1/SC 31, item logistics International Standards. As an architecture it is designed to be
complementary and interlocking to that domain.
This International Standard is intended to be complementary and consistent with the work of ISO/TC 104,
Freight containers.
It extends the conceptual and communication AVI architecture determined in ISO 14814 and is neither frequency
nor air interface protocol specific. It provides maximum interoperability, has a high population capability, and
provides the possibility of upwards migration to more capable systems.
It does not include the air interface nor any implementation aspect, only the reference architectures. Subsequent
International Standards define data structures for general AVI/AEI and for specific sectors of application.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable
for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 8824-1, Information technology — Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation
ISO/IEC 8824-2, Information technology — Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Information object
specification
ISO/IEC 8824-3, Information technology — Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Constraint specification
ISO/IEC 8824-4, Information technology — Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Parameterization of ASN.1
specifications
ISO/IEC 8825-2:1996, Information technology — ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Packed Encoding
Rules (PER)
ISO 14813-6, Intelligent transport systems — Reference model architecture(s) for the ITS sector — Part 6:
Data presentation in ASN.1
ISO 14816, Road transport and traffic telematics — Automatic vehicle and equipment identification —
Numbering and data structure
ISO 17261:2012(E)
ISO 17262, Intelligent transport systems — Automatic vehicle and equipment identification — Numbering and
data structures
ISO 17263, Intelligent transport systems — Automatic vehicle and equipment identification — System parameters
ISO 14817, Transport information and control systems — Requirements for an ITS/TICS central Data Registry
and ITS/TICS Data Dictionaries
3  Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8824-1, ISO 8824-2, ISO 8824-3,
ISO 8824-4, ISO 14816 and the following apply.
3.1
address
data element designating the originating source or destination of data being transmitted
3.2
Automatic Equipment Identification
AEI
process of identifying equipment or entities that uses the surface transportation infrastructures by means of
OBE’s combined with the unambiguous data structure defined in these International Standards
NOTE Within this series of International Standards, “Equipment” indicates large equipment that is carried in, or forms
an integral part of, a trailer or trailer mounted unit.
3.3
air interface
conductor-free medium between an OBE and the reader/interrogator through which the linking of the OBE to
the reader /interrogator is achieved by means of electro-magnetic signals
3.4
application identifier
one item of a data element construct (usually the first octet) that uniquely identifies the domain of an ITS/RTTT
information exchange at an explicitly defined reference point, usually at reference points “Alpha”, “Beta” or “Zeta”
NOTE 1 This octet identifies that the message is a specific RTTT message.
NOTE 2 See Figure 5.
3.5
ASN.1
Abstract Syntax Notation One
International Standard for representing data types and structures
NOTE The encoding rules for this abstract syntax notation are defined in ISO 8825-2.
3.6
Automatic Vehicle Identification
AVI
process of identifying vehicles using OBE combined with the unambiguous data structure defined in these
International Standards
3.7
AVI/AEI system operator
commercial operator of an AVI/AEI/RTTT system that uses OBE(s) for the purposes defined in this
International Standard
3.8
bi-directional dialogue
two way communications between fixed equipment and OBE(s)
2 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 17261:2012(E)
3.9
bill of lading
document which evidences a contract of the carriage and the taking over or loading of the goods by the carrier,
and by which the carrier undertakes to deliver the goods against surrender of the document
NOTE A provision in the document that the goods are to be delivered to the order of a named person, or to order, or
to bearer, constitutes such an undertaking. The document has the following functions:
— a receipt for goods, signed by a duly authorised person on behalf of the carriers;
— a document of title to the goods described therein;
— evidence of the terms and conditions of carriage agreed upon between the two parties.
3.10
communication control
fixed equipment function to control the communication between fixed equipment and OBE
3.11
compatibility
capability of two or more items or components of equipment or material to exist and/or function in the same
system or environment without modification, adaptation or mutual interference
3.12
consignment
separately identifiable amount of goods (available to be) transported from one consignor to one consignee via
one or more than one modes of transport and specified in one single transport document
3.13
consignor
goods providor
party that provides goods to another party
NOTE A consignor can be a manufacturer, trader, agent, or individual.
3.14
container
receptacle for the transport of goods, especially one readily transferable from one form of transport to another
NOTE See also non-ISO Container.
3.15
Dedicated Short Range Communication
DSRC
means of effecting local (short range) transactions between fixed equipment and OBE(s) using an “air interface”
comprising inductive or propagated signals between the fixed equipment and OBE(s)
3.16
data element structure
framework comprising a number of data elements in a prescribed form
NOTE Also known as a “message”.
3.17
Electronic Data Interchange
EDI
passing of a data message, or series of messages, between computers and/or between different software systems
NOTE Within this context an EDI message is normally compatible with the form specified in ISO 9897. EDI is an
instance of an EDT transaction.
ISO 17261:2012(E)
3.18
Electronic Data Transfer
EDT
passing of data sets comprising an entire message from one computer to another or from one software
system to another
3.19
goods provider
party that provides goods to another party
NOTE A goods provider can be a manufacturer, trader, agent, or individual. More commonly known as a “consignor”.
3.20
information
data, documentation, and other relevant knowledge organized to inform and describe
3.21
information manager
function of managing information in a system
NOTE The role of information manager can be provided by one or many actors. The role of information manager can
be performed internally by one or more of the system principal actors, or can be formed commercially or altruistically by
one or more third parties.
3.22
interchangeability
condition which exists when two or more items possess such functional and physical characteristics as to
be equivalent in performance and durability, and are capable of being exchanged one for the other without
alteration of the items themselves, or of adjoining items, and without selection for fit and performance
3.23
intermodal transport
movement of goods in one or more loading unit(s) or vehicle(s) which uses successively several modes of
transport without handling of the goods themselves when changing modes
[ISO 17262, ISO 17263]
3.24
interoperability
ability of systems to provide services to and accept services from other systems and to use the services so
exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together
3.25
interrogator
device that performs the functions of a reader, but in addition has the ability to write new data to an OBE, or
change data held in the OBE memory via an air interface
3.26
ISO Container
large boxlike receptacle of standard design for the transport of goods
[ISO 668]
3.27
item
item of goods to be moved
NOTE An item can be a single unit, such as a letter, a bundle or box of units or other units that will be bundled into
a receptacle which will be carried in equipment (such as an ISO intermodal container) as a sub component of an AEI
item. Items are not defined in this family of International Standards and are defined by the International Standards of
JTC 1/SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
4 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 17261:2012(E)
3.28
journey
within the AVI/AEI context, the physical movement of goods from the goods provider to the receiver
3.29
load
that which is to be transported from the consignor to the receiver and which comprises the consignment,
packaging, pallets and or containers that are smaller than an ISO container
3.30
manifest
document which lists complete specifications of the goods loaded for transport to various destinations by a
vessel or other means of transport
NOTE As a rule cargo manifests are drawn up by the agents in the ports of loading and are based upon the bills of
lading. For shipping, a manifest represents a cumulating of bills of lading for official and administrative purposes.
3.31
media adaptation
function to adapt the communication media (air interface propagated modulation) to communication and
computing equipment
3.32
monologue
one way communication between the fixed equipment and OBE(s)
3.33
multimodal transport
carriage of goods by at least two different modes of transport.
NOTE In contrast, intermodal transport implies changing from mode to another using the same form of loading unit.
Multimodal transport implies that either there is more than one modal shift, or that loads can be broken into partial loads
as part of a modal change.
3.34
non ISO container
container used in the transport of goods that does not comply with any ISO container International Standard
(e.g. non compliant with ISO 668 and ISO 10374)
3.35
non returnable unit
one trip pallets, containers or packaging which is not returned to the consignor or returnables manager
3.36
On Board Equipment
OBE
device on board or attached to the vehicle/equipment to perform the functionality of AVI/AEI
3.37
operator
commercial operator of an AVI/AEI/RTTT system that uses OBEs for the purposes defined in this
International Standard
3.38
Packed Encoding Rules
PER
encoding rules for an abstract syntax specification in ASN1
NOTE There are alternate forms of encoding such as “Basic Encoding Rules” (BER). Within TICS International
Standards, reference to ASN.1 implies also the use of PER as specified in ISO 8825-2 unless otherwise stated.
[ISO 8825-2]
ISO 17261:2012(E)
3.39
packet
collation of goods to be moved
NOTE A packet can be a single unit, or a collection of smaller packets and items that will be bundled into a receptacle
which will be carried in equipment (such as an ISO intermodal container) as a sub component of an AEI item. Packets
are not defined in this family of International Standards and are defined by the International Standards of JTC 1/SC 31,
Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
3.40
pallet
wooden, plastic or metal platform that enables a bundle of goods to be moved around by a fork lift truck or
similar platform moving device that will be carried in equipment (such as an ISO Intermodal Container) as a
sub component of an AEI item
NOTE Pallets are not defined in this family of International Standards and are defined by the International Standards
of JTC 1/SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. See also “AEI”, “items”, “packets”, and “receptacles”.
3.41
programmable device/OBE
device where all or part of the identity and memory can be reprogrammed many times by an external device,
but not during a normal “on the fly” read/write cycle
3.42
Returnable Container Unit
RCU
unit (container) used as part of a load, which is returned to the consignor or a returnables manager
3.43
reader
device that transmits a signal as a means of initiating a response in a compatible OBE
NOTE It subsequently receives the modulated electro-magnetic response and decodes the data. See also
“interrogator”.
3.44
read only device/OBE
device which is programmed at the time of manufacture or prior to use and thereafter can only be read, with no
further opportunity to change any of the data held on the device nor its core identification
3.45
read/write device/OBE
data mode corresponding to an OBE in which data content can be changed by means of a compatible
interrogator via the air interface
3.46
read/write cycle
complete sequence of interaction by the reader/interrogator where the OBE is unambiguously identified and new
data, comprising either whole or part of the full data set, is written onto the OBE by means of the air interface
3.47
receiver
within the AVI/AEI context, one who receives goods as a result of a journey from a consignor
3.48
receptacle
single unit, or a carrier of items and of smaller packets and items
NOTE A receptacle will normally take the form of a bag, box or roller cage, which will be carried in equipment (such as an
ISO Intermodal Container) as a sub component of an AEI item. Packets are not defined in this family of International Standards
and are defined by the International Standards of JTC 1/SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.
6 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 17261:2012(E)
3.49
reference point
data flow between two function blocks, where protocols define the information flow across the reference point
3.50
returnable unit
units (such as pallets, trays etc.) used as part of a load, which are returned to the consignor or a returnables manager
3.51
returnables
returnable units, reject or surplus goods to be returned through the system to the consignor or returnables manager
3.52
returnables manager
function that manages the supply, maintenance, and returns cycle of returnable units
NOTE The returnables manager function can be performed by one or more of the principle actors in the system or by
an independent third party.
3.53
Radio Frequency Identification
RFID
common term describing an automatic identification system comprising one or more reader/interrogator(s)
and one or more OBE(s) in which communication and data transfer is achieved by wireless means of electro-
magnetic signals.
NOTE It varies from low frequency (inductive) to microwave frequencies.
3.54
smart card
device of credit card size incorporating an integrated circuit with microprocessor and memory
3.55
tag
equipment fitted to the unit, vehicle or item to be identified and containing the unambiguous identification, and
if required some further data
NOTE 1 For special purposes the TAG can be installed in a fixed position with a mobile reader.
NOTE 2 See transponder.
3.56
transaction
within the context of AVI/AEI, a completed exchange of information between the fixed equipment and an OBE
3.57
transponder
electronic transmitter/responder which responds to the receipt of suitable modulated or unmodulated downlink
signals and transmits predetermined information according to predefined protocols at a predetermined frequency
NOTE The transmissions can be powered from energy obtained from the downlink or can be assisted by an on-board
power supply. Forms the core, but not necessarily the only, function of an OBE. Within the AVI/AEI context it is fitted to
AVI/AEI vehicle or equipment and its prime function is to provide the identity of the item, but can also contain additional
information. In some special purposes transponders can be installed in fixed positions and read by mobile equipment.
3.58
transport
within the context of AVI/AEI, the vehicles/aircraft/ships used to move a consignment from the consignor to the
receiver or returnables back through the system
ISO 17261:2012(E)
3.59
transport means
vehicles, trailers, vessels, aircraft, or combination thereof, to perform the journey to deliver the consignment to
the receiver or return returnables, together with the driver/pilot/crew physically conducting the journey
3.60
transport documentation
legal and commercial documents that accompany the transport means during a journey
3.61
transport manager
function that organizes the journey
NOTE The transport manager can be performed by one of the principal actors in the system or by a third party.
3.62
transport operator
function that owns and or manages the transport means
3.63
transport unit
combination of the load, transport means, and transport documentation
[ISO 17687]
3.64
Unit Load Device
ULD
container, designed to fit within the fuselage of an aircraft, used primarily for airfreight or freight loads where
part of the trip uses airfreight
3.65
user
vehicle/equipment or person carrying the OBE through the point of identification with the objective of
unambiguous identification of the OBE being carried
4 Requirements
This International Standard relates to AVI/AEI units, but not to smaller containers and items being transported.
Whilst the architecture described within this International Standard shows the inter-relationship to the item
identification domain (see Annex A), for smaller items (pallet loads, trays, parcels etc.), Standardization will be
undertaken by JTC 1/SC 31. Supporting International Standards developed by ISO/TC 204 will be limited to
vehicle, trailer and AVI/AEI unit identification, whereas JTC 1/SC 31 International Standards will work from units
of pallet (and equivalent) size down to item level.
4.1 General requirements
This International Standard determines an architectural framework for automatic equipment Identification (AEI)
in an intermodal or multimodal environment by means of an air interface link using electromagnetic signals
such as near-field inductive, radio, microwave, or infrared light.
The architecture herein described is shown in a simplified, object oriented modelling form, using the principles
of the Unified Modelling Language (UML) as its base.
Relevant parts of this International Standard, and especially requirements for ASN.1 have been developed in
accordance with the requirements of the International Standards and Technical Specifications developed by
ISO/TC 204(CEN TC 278).
8 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 17261:2012(E)
4.2 Conceptual architecture
This International Standard provides an “enabling” reference architecture model for intermodal/multimodal AEI.
The reference architecture model International Standard is designed to accommodate, within the framework,
a wide and diverse variety of ITS/RTTT applications from simple AVI/AEI to more complex transactions with a
wide variety of uses, including the transfer of data relating to the manifest of loads and part loads and means
of identification of loads and part loads, in an ITS/RTTT environment.
This International Standard is designed to consider the requirements for data to be transferred from on board
equipment to fixed equipment at the road or way side. As such it does not seek to determine precise load
information which may be determined by International Standards emanating from JTC 1/SC 31 or ISO/TC 104.
however, where such data is to be carried across the air interface between a tractor, vehicle, trailer, or the
equipment/load/part load itself in an ITS/RTTT environment, it provides a Technical Specification means for
data transactions across an ITS/RTTT interface. As such the syntax notation conforms to that defined in
ISO14813-6. Standard data schemes are also envisaged to complement those defined in ISO 14816, and data
containers are provided for local or private data schemes. Where IC cards are used as part of, or in conjunction
with, on board equipment, the data schemes determined in ISO 14816, ISO 17262, and ISO 14817 shall be
respected and a transfer means provided. Where item identifications schemes are provided by JTC 1/SC 31,
these are supported so long as they are defined in ASN.1 as determined in ISO 14813-6, or in a standardized
form supported by ISO 8824.
This International Standard accommodates the operation of systems of different capability. It enables the
interoperability of OBEs in an international environment, even though the operator systems themselves may
be significantly different, as long as there is a common air interface (at reference point “Delta” - see Figure 5)
and communication protocol. Even where information has to be collected by different air interfaces, the data,
once collected, is in a commonly interoperable format, and so may be used accurately and effectively within
an EDI/EDT environment.
Within the clauses immediately following, this reference architecture provides definition of following perspectives
required by ISO 14813:
a) conceptual description;
b) logical definition;
c) object identification;
d) object interaction structure;
e) information (data) architecture ;
f) physical definition;
g) system security;
h) resilience issues;
i) performance issues;
j) disaster recovery;
k) migration issues (future proofing).
4.2.1 Conceptual architecture overview
Annex A provides an overview (repeated in Figure 1) and a number of different views of transport, manufacturing,
distribution and supply chains. Annex A shows all the principal views likely to be encountered in such
manufacturing/logistics/distribution/supply cycles. Each view represents different granularity according to the
importance of classes to that view. Whilst all views have interdependence with each other and the overview,
and are shown in the Annex for completeness. Two of the detailed views (Transport and Information) have
particular relevance to AVI/AEI.
ISO 17261:2012(E)
Figure 1 provides a conceptual high-level overview of a transportation logistics system. It is important to
understand this context in order to comprehend the requirements for intermodal AVI/AEI.
Goods Provider
Transport Information Consignment
Receiver
FIGURE: The Supply Chain  1-Overview
Figure 1 — Conceptual overview of logistics/distribution chain
In Figure 1, the classes (objects) are shown with their key class relationships. Here at the highest level we
can see that for a consignor (goods provider), it is necessary to combine interactions of the consignment with
Transport and Information in order that they achieve the object of delivery, and there may be returns path
(hopefully returnable containers rather than rejected product), which provides a transport path back to the
sender or an equipment pool.
10 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 17261:2012(E)
Information Transfer
Transport Movement
Goods
Provider
EDI
function
Transport Information
Org.
Operator Managers
Reader
/Sensor
function function
Vehicle
CALM
Document
Transport
Tractor/Vehicle
Unit
Information
OBE
Train
Manager
With
Aircraft
Vehicle
Crew
Vessel
Equip.
Vehicle/Equip./Load
Transport
Load
Information
Doc.
Manager
Equipment
Returnables
EDI
Transport
Returnables
OBE
Unit
Pallet
Information
Returnables
Container
Manager
Vehicles
Trailer
End User
Non-Returnables
function
Figure 2 — Conceptual view of AVI/AEI system
Figure 2 expands the classes to show their key attributes. This shows key common attributes and is by way
of example, rather than a complete list for every class. Actual attributes may differ according to specific
implementations, and not all attributes may be present in all implementations. Figure 2 therefore represents an
instantiation of a typical AVI/AEI system representing both physical and information interactions.
This figure shows the relation of two (2) functions, the movement of the transport units (basic elements) and the
transport related various kinds of information managed by information manager.
This overview provides the context of ‘The manufacturing/Logistics/ Distribution/Supply Cycle’ and can be
viewed with greater granularity from the context of ‘Transport’, providing the context for intermodal AVI/AEI.
Figure 3 shows the view from the view of “Transportation”. Figure 3 is extracted from Annex A.
ISO 17261:2012(E)
Non
Returnable
Unit (NRU)
Goods
Provider
Pallet
Returnable
Information
Unit (RU)
Returnables
Information Manager
Manager
Load
Communications
Transport
Equipment
Manager
Documentation
Transport
Operator
Vehicle
Registrar
Driver
Customs
Transport Means
& Border
Transport Unit
Tractor/Vehicle
Container
ISO
Trailer
Container
Journey
Non-ISO
Aircraft
Container
Vessel
Receiver
Figure: The Distribution/Supply chain from the view of Transport

Figure 3 — The distribution cycle from the view of the transport manager
As AVI/AEI is primarily about information, it is also important to view the architecture from the view of the
information manager. Figure 4, also extracted from Annex A shows the view from the information manager.
12 © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

ISO 17261:2012(E)
Information Manager
Returnables
Manager
Information Goods
Provider
Pallet
Transport
Returnable Communications
Manager
Unit (RU) Equipment
Container
Transport
Non
Documentation
Operator
Returnable
Unit (NRU)
Transport
Means
Vehicle
Load
Registrar
Customs
& Border
Transport Unit
Journey
Receiver
Figure: The Distribution/Supply chain from the view of The Information Manager

Figure 4 — The logistics / distribution / supply chain from the view of the information manager
4.3  Logical definition
The purpose of the Systems architecture specification (logical) is
— to provide Intermodal/multimodal with a logical product independent framework that can be used to help identify
and select the best in class technical components for inclusion into a coherent overall solution. This selection process will
occur both during procurement and afterwards when upgrading or replacing technical products and or services,
— to provide Intermodal/multimodal with a road map for seamlessly evolving the Intermodal/multimodal system IT
infrastructure in line with the anticipated regional to global deployment of Intermodal/multimodal system services,
— to provide potential suppliers of Intermodal/multimodal system technology and services with a logical overview of
the Intermodal/multimodal preferred architecture,
— to provide Intermodal/multimodal with a tool for maintaining (to the extent appropriate) overall design control over
...