SIST EN 12046-1:2020
(Main)Operating forces - Test method - Part 1: Windows
Operating forces - Test method - Part 1: Windows
This document specifies the test method for determining the force required when engaging or releasing the hardware of a window and when commencing the movement of a casement or sash, in both opening and closing directions.
This document is applicable to all types of openable windows where the movement is a manual operation.
This document is applicable to products of any frame material.
Bedienkräfte - Prüfverfahren - Teil 1: Fenster
Dieses Dokument legt das Prüfverfahren zur Ermittlung der Kraft fest, die für das Einrasten und Freigeben von Fensterbeschlägen und zur Einleitung der Bewegung eines Flügelrahmens oder Schiebeflügels sowohl in Öffnungs- als auch in Schließrichtung erforderlich ist.
Dieses Dokument gilt für alle Bauarten von öffenbaren Fenstern, bei denen die Bewegung durch Handbetätigung erfolgt.
Dieses Dokument ist auf Produkte aller Rahmenwerkstoffe anwendbar.
Forces de manoeuvre - Méthode d'essai - Partie 1 : Fenêtres
La présente Norme européenne définit la méthode d'essai permettant de déterminer la force nécessaire à l’engagement et au relâchement de la quincaillerie d’une fenêtre lorsque l’on amorce le mouvement des vantaux tant dans la direction d’ouverture que de fermeture.
La presente norme est applicable à tout type de fenêtre pouvant s’ouvrir pour lequel le mouvement du vantail est manuel.
La présente Norme européenne s’applique aux produits quel que soit le matériau du cadre.
Sile pri uporabi - Preskusna metoda - 1. del: Okna
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Public Enquiry End Date
- 19-Jun-2018
- Publication Date
- 07-Sep-2020
- Technical Committee
- ISTP - Doors and windows
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 02-Sep-2020
- Due Date
- 07-Nov-2020
- Completion Date
- 08-Sep-2020
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2020
Overview
SIST EN 12046-1:2020, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), is a key standard detailing the test method for measuring operating forces required to manually open and close windows. The standard applies to all types of manually operable, openable windows regardless of the frame material used. Its primary focus is to determine the forces involved in engaging or releasing window hardware and initiating sash or casement movement in both opening and closing directions.
This standard replaces the previous 2003 edition and reflects the latest methodologies for consistent and accurate force measurement to ensure windows meet ergonomic and safety criteria. It is essential for manufacturers, testers, and quality assurance professionals in the window industry to comply with SIST EN 12046-1:2020 for product certification and performance evaluation across Europe.
Key Topics
Scope and Applicability
Applicable to all manually operated openable windows, including various frame materials and hardware types.Test Principles
Measurement of the minimal static force or torque needed to:- Disengage or lock hardware (e.g., handles, locks)
- Initiate and continue sash or casement movement
- Fully close and engage locking hardware
Test Apparatus and Setup
Utilizes a steel test rig with movable supports and mechanisms such as:- Weight and pulley systems
- Linear actuators with load cells for linear motion
- Torque meters for rotary motions
These apparatuses ensure smooth application and precise measurement of forces without causing damage or skewing results.
Test Procedure
Includes:- Conditioning and preparation of specimens under controlled temperature and humidity
- Pre-test manual operation cycles to stabilize behavior
- Defined sequences measuring force to disengage hardware, start motion, operate sash over defined distances, and fully engage locking hardware
- Separate methods for vertical sliding windows to account for distinct motion characteristics
Measurement and Reporting
Forces are quantified in newtons (N) and torques in newton metres (Nm) with defined accuracy and rounding rules. The test report must comprehensively document test conditions, specimen details, apparatus used, and measured results.
Applications
Window Manufacturing and Quality Control:
Manufacturers use SIST EN 12046-1:2020 to evaluate manual operating forces ensuring products meet ergonomic requirements and regulatory compliance.Product Certification and Compliance:
Certification bodies rely on the standardized test method to verify compliance with European window performance standards, affecting market access.Design Optimization:
Designers can analyze force data to improve hardware selection and window ease-of-use, enhancing user experience and safety.Maintenance and Renovation:
Facilities managers and installers may apply testing to assess performance degradation over time and verify suitability for continued operation.
Related Standards
EN 12519: Windows and Pedestrian Doors - Terminology
Provides standardized terms and definitions referenced in EN 12046-1 to ensure clarity in test procedures and results.EN 12046-2: Operating Forces – Test Method – Part 2: Doors
Complements Part 1 by specifying testing procedures for doors, useful for integrated door-and-window systems.CEN/TC 33 Series: Doors, Windows, Shutters, Building Hardware, Curtain Walling
The broader suite of standards tackling performance, safety, and testing protocols in fenestration products.
By adhering to SIST EN 12046-1:2020, stakeholders ensure that window operating forces are rigorously tested under repeatable and precise conditions, promoting user safety, product reliability, and uniform compliance across the European market. This standard is crucial for achieving ergonomic designs and verifying that windows provide comfortable manual operation in real-world applications.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 12046-1:2020 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Operating forces - Test method - Part 1: Windows". This standard covers: This document specifies the test method for determining the force required when engaging or releasing the hardware of a window and when commencing the movement of a casement or sash, in both opening and closing directions. This document is applicable to all types of openable windows where the movement is a manual operation. This document is applicable to products of any frame material.
This document specifies the test method for determining the force required when engaging or releasing the hardware of a window and when commencing the movement of a casement or sash, in both opening and closing directions. This document is applicable to all types of openable windows where the movement is a manual operation. This document is applicable to products of any frame material.
SIST EN 12046-1:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.060.50 - Doors and windows. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 12046-1:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 12046-1:2004. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN 12046-1:2020 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 305/2011. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase SIST EN 12046-1:2020 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12046-1:2004
Sile pri uporabi - Preskusna metoda - 1. del: Okna
Operating forces - Test method - Part 1: Windows
Bedienkräfte - Prüfverfahren - Teil 1: Fenster
Forces de manoeuvre - Méthode d'essai - Partie 1 : Fenêtres
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12046-1:2020
ICS:
91.060.50 Vrata in okna Doors and windows
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 12046-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.060.50; 91.190 Supersedes EN 12046-1:2003
English Version
Operating forces - Test method - Part 1: Windows
Forces de manoeuvre - Méthode d'essai - Partie 1 : Bedienkräfte - Prüfverfahren - Teil 1: Fenster
Fenêtre
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 July 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12046-1:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Principle of test . 4
5 Apparatus . 5
5.1 Test rig . 5
5.2 Linear motion . 7
5.3 Rotary motion . 7
6 Test specimen . 7
7 Conditioning and preparation of the test specimen . 8
7.1 Conditioning . 8
7.2 Preparation . 8
8 Procedure. 8
8.1 Test sequence . 8
8.2 Rate of loading . 9
8.3 Disengagement of hardware . 9
8.4 Measurement of the manual force(s) to operate the casement or sash . 9
8.4.1 For all windows with the exception of vertical sliding windows . 9
8.4.2 For vertical sliding windows . 9
8.5 Full engagement of closing and locking hardware . 11
9 Expression of results . 11
10 Test report . 11
European foreword
This document (EN 12046-1:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 33 “Doors,
windows, shutters, building hardware and curtain walling”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2021, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12046-1:2003.
This document is one of a series of standards for windows.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies the test method for determining the force required when engaging or releasing
the hardware of a window and when commencing the movement of a casement or sash, in both opening
and closing directions.
This document is applicable to all types of openable windows where the movement is a manual
operation.
This document is applicable to products of any frame material.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12519, Windows and pedestrian doors — Terminology
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12519 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
manual operating forces
manual operating forces indicate the force needed to manual operate windows
3.2
linear motion
movement of casement, sash or hardware in a straight line when acted upon by an operating force; also
movement through an arc of which the radius is large in proportion to the length of the arc
3.3
rotary motion
movement, usually of hardware but also applicable to a casement or sash, in a circular path when acted
upon by an operating torque, e.g. the turning action of the bow of a key
3.4
sash weight
weight of the opening or closing sash including its infill (e.g. glazing)
4 Principle of test
The principle consists of measuring the minimum static force or torque required:
— to release or lock the hardware (locks or handles);
— to commence opening of the casement or sash;
— to continue opening/ closing of the sash (in the case o
...
SIST EN 12046-1:2020の標準は、窓のハードウェアを操作する際に必要となる力を測定するための試験方法を詳細に定めています。この文書は、開閉方向における窓の動き、特に開けたり閉じたりする際の力の測定に特化しており、手動で操作されるすべての種類の開放可能な窓に適用されます。このような明確な範囲設定は、業界内での共通理解を促進し、テスト方法の一貫性を確保するために非常に重要です。 また、SIST EN 12046-1:2020の大きな強みは、さまざまなフレーム材料の製品に適用可能である点です。これにより、アルミニウム、木材、PVCなど、さまざまな素材の窓に対し、一律の評価基準を提供することができます。この標準化により、製品の性能を客観的に比較することが容易となり、消費者にとっても選択の際の指針となります。 さらに、窓の動作に関する試験方法が標準化されていることで、製造業者は製品開発においてこの基準に基づいた設計を行いやすくなり、再現性のあるテストが実施可能になります。これにより、窓の安全性や使用性が向上し、最終的には市場での競争力を高めることにつながります。 このように、SIST EN 12046-1:2020は、窓の操作力を測定するために必要な包括的な基準を提供し、業界のニーズに即した重要な標準であると言えます。その適用範囲の広さと実用性は、窓製造業界における信頼性の向上に寄与し、ユーザーエクスペリエンスを向上させる要素として大いに評価されるべきです。
The SIST EN 12046-1:2020 standard is a crucial document that outlines a systematic approach for measuring the operating forces involved in the opening and closing of windows. Specifically, it defines the test method for determining the force required to engage or release window hardware, as well as the initial movement of both casements and sashes. This standard is essential for ensuring the usability and functionality of various window types, particularly those that require manual operation. One of the significant strengths of the SIST EN 12046-1:2020 is its comprehensive applicability. It is designed to accommodate all types of openable windows regardless of the frame material. This inclusivity makes the standard relevant not only for manufacturers but also for retailers and end-users who prioritize usability and user-friendly designs in building applications. By establishing a uniform test method, this standard supports enhanced consistency and reliability across different products in the market. Additionally, the emphasis on manual operation offers insight into user experience, which is increasingly important in building design and architecture. The defined test method enables stakeholders to assess window performance in real-world scenarios, ensuring that products meet the expected operational requirements while maintaining safety and accessibility. In summary, the SIST EN 12046-1:2020 standard serves as a fundamental reference for evaluating the operating forces of windows. Its strengths lie in its applicability to a broad range of window types and frame materials, making it a vital tool for those involved in window manufacturing, distribution, and installation.
SIST EN 12046-1:2020 표준 문서는 창문 하드웨어의 작동력 측정과 관련된 시험 방법을 제시하고 있으며, 이 문서는 특히 수동으로 작동되는 모든 유형의 개방 가능한 창문에 적용됩니다. 이 표준의 주요 범위는 창문의 개폐 시 하드웨어를 작동할 때 필요한 힘을 측정하기 위해 필요한 시험 절차를 명확히 하고 있습니다. SIST EN 12046-1:2020의 강점은 다양한 창문 프레임 재질에 관계없이 적용 가능하다는 점입니다. 이는 알루미늄, PVC, 나무 등의 다양한 재료로 제작된 창문들에게 일관된 기준을 제공하여 제조사들이 제품의 성능을 비교하고 개선할 수 있도록 합니다. 또한, 이 문서는 창문의 개방 및 폐쇄 방향에서의 힘 측정을 포함하고 있어, 실제 사용 환경에서의 사용자 경험을 개선하는 데 기여합니다. 창문 하드웨어의 작동력에 대한 명확한 기준을 제공함으로써, 사용자는 창문 작동시 느끼는 물리적 스트레스를 최소화할 수 있습니다. 이는 궁극적으로 고객의 만족도를 높이고, 창문 시장의 품질 향상에 기여하게 됩니다. SIST EN 12046-1:2020 표준은 창문 하드웨어의 신뢰성을 증대시키고, 품질 보증 및 안전성 기준 충족을 위한 필수적인 지침으로 자리매김하고 있습니다. 이 문서는 제조업체에게 명확한 시험 방법을 제공하여, 시장 내 경쟁력을 높이고 결과적으로 사용자에게 더욱 향상된 제품을 제공할 수 있도록 돕습니다.
Die SIST EN 12046-1:2020 ist ein bedeutendes Dokument, das eine präzise Testmethode zur Bestimmung der erforderlichen Kräfte definiert, die notwendig sind, um die Beschläge eines Fensters zu bedienen, sowohl beim Öffnen als auch beim Schließen. Der Umfang dieser Norm ist klar umrissen und umfasst alle Arten von öffnungsfähigen Fenstern, die manuell bedient werden. Dies bedeutet, dass Hersteller und Anwender in der Lage sind, die Ergonomie ihrer Fenster zu bewerten und sicherzustellen, dass diese sowohl funktional als auch benutzerfreundlich sind. Ein wesentlicher Stärke der SIST EN 12046-1:2020 liegt in ihrer Anwendbarkeit auf Produkte mit verschiedenen Rahmenmaterialien. Dies fördert die Vielseitigkeit der Norm und ermöglicht es unterschiedlichen Herstellern, ihre Produkte entsprechend den festgelegten Anforderungen zu testen, unabhängig vom verwendeten Material. Diese Flexibilität ist im Kontext der heutigen diversifizierten Bau- und Fensterindustrie besonders wichtig. Darüber hinaus stellt die Norm sicher, dass die Testmethoden standardisiert sind, was zu einer erhöhten Konsistenz in den Ergebnissen führt. Dies ist besonders relevant für Architekten und Bauherren, die auf die Leistungsfähigkeit von Fenstern angewiesen sind, um die Sicherheitsstandards und den Komfort in Gebäuden zu gewährleisten. Durch die Festlegung von Nachweisverfahren werden Hersteller dazu ermutigt, qualitativ hochwertige Produkte zu entwickeln, die den Erwartungen der Verbraucher gerecht werden. Insgesamt ist die SIST EN 12046-1:2020 von wesentlicher Bedeutung, da sie nicht nur die Anforderungen an die Bedienkräfte von Fenstern klärt, sondern auch dazu beiträgt, Sicherheits- und Qualitätsstandards in der Branche zu fördern. Ihre Relevanz erstreckt sich über verschiedene Anwendungsbereiche und hilft dabei, ein hohes Maß an Benutzerfreundlichkeit und Zufriedenheit zu gewährleisten.
La norme SIST EN 12046-1:2020 constitue un document essentiel pour l'évaluation des forces d'exploitation des fenêtres. Elle spécifie une méthode d'essai précise pour mesurer la force nécessaire afin d'engager ou de libérer le matériel d'une fenêtre, ainsi que lors de l'amorce du mouvement d'un ouvrant ou d'un châssis, tant lors de l'ouverture que de la fermeture. Cette norme s'applique à tous les types de fenêtres ouvrables, garantissant une approche standardisée dans un domaine où la sécurité et la praticité sont primordiales. Un des principaux atouts de cette norme réside dans son application à des produits fabriqués à partir de tout type de matériau de cadre. Cela permettra aux fabricants de divers secteurs de suivre un cadre d'évaluation cohérent, favorisant ainsi l'harmonisation et la comparabilité des performances des fenêtres sur le marché. En se concentrant sur le mouvement manuel, la norme répond à un besoin clé des utilisateurs finaux, qui recherchent des solutions faciles à manipuler sans compromettre la sécurité ou la fonctionnalité. La précision de la méthode d'essai décrite dans le document est cruciale pour assurer que les fenêtres répondent aux attentes en termes de force et de confort d'utilisation. En standardisant les essais, la norme SIST EN 12046-1:2020 contribue également à valoriser la transparence et la confiance des consommateurs envers les produits testés, étant donné qu'ils peuvent s'attendre à des performances similaires indépendamment du fabricant. En somme, cette norme joue un rôle déterminant dans l'optimisation des produits d'ouverture de fenêtres, en garantissant que les exigences de force d'exploitation sont non seulement respectées, mais également bien documentées et mises à l'épreuve, renforçant ainsi l'importance des standards dans le secteur de la construction et des aménagements intérieurs.
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...