SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
01-januar-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2015
Industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Materiali za uporabo v okoljih s
H2S v proizvodnji olja in plina - 1. del: Splošna načela za izbiro materialov,
odpornih proti razpokam (ISO 15156-1:2020)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing environments
in oil and gas production - Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant
materials (ISO 15156-1:2020)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffe für den Einsatz in H<(Index)2>S-haltiger
Umgebung bei der Öl- und Gasgewinnung - Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundlagen für die
Auswahl von gegen Rissbildung beständigen Werkstoffen (ISO 15156-1:2020)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux pour utilisation dans des
environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole et
de gaz - Partie 1: Principes généraux pour le choix des matériaux résistant à la
fissuration (ISO 15156-1:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 15156-1:2020
ICS:
75.180.10 Oprema za raziskovanje, Exploratory, drilling and
vrtanje in odkopavanje extraction equipment
77.060 Korozija kovin Corrosion of metals
SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021


EN ISO 15156-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

November 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.180.01 Supersedes EN ISO 15156-1:2015
English Version

Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in
H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production -
Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-
resistant materials (ISO 15156-1:2020)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux Erdöl und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffe für den
pour utilisation dans des environnements contenant de Einsatz in H2S haltiger Umgebung bei der Öl und
l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de Gasgewinnung - Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundlagen für die
pétrole et de gaz - Partie 1: Principes généraux pour le Auswahl von gegen Rissbildung beständigen
choix des matériaux résistant à la fissuration (ISO Werkstoffen (ISO 15156 1:2020)
15156-1:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 October 2020.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 15156-1:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
EN ISO 15156-1:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
EN ISO 15156-1:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 15156-1:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67
"Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 15156-1:2015.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 15156-1:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15156-1:2020 without any
modification.

3

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15156-1
Fourth edition
2020-11
Petroleum and natural gas
industries — Materials for use in H₂S-
containing environments in oil and
gas production —
Part 1:
General principles for selection of
cracking-resistant materials
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Matériaux pour utilisation
dans des environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H₂S) dans
la production de pétrole et de gaz —
Partie 1: Principes généraux pour le choix des matériaux résistant à la
fissuration
Reference number
ISO 15156-1:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
ISO 15156-1:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
ISO 15156-1:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1  Scope . 1
2  Normative references .2
3  Terms and definitions .2
4 Abbreviated terms . 6
5 General principles . 6
6  Evaluation and definition of service conditions to enable material selection .7
7  Selection of materials resistant to SSC/SCC in the presence of sulfides from existing
lists and tables . 8
8  Qualification of materials for HS service . 8
2
8.1 Material description and documentation . 8
8.2 Qualification based upon field experience . 8
8.3 Qualification based upon laboratory testing . 8
8.3.1 General. 8
8.3.2 Sampling of materials for laboratory testing . 9
8.3.3 Selection of laboratory test methods . 9
8.3.4 Conditions to be applied during testing . 9
8.3.5 Acceptance criteria . 9
9  Report of the method of selection or qualification . 9
Bibliography .11
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
ISO 15156-1:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 12, Materials, equipment and
offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, in accordance with the
Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 15156-1:2015), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— new definition on "galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking" (see 3.14), "chemical activity"
(see 3.27) and "fugacity" (see 3.28);
— inclusion of an expanded description of factors affecting the susceptibility of materials to cracking
caused by H S. The expanded description includes specific guidance provided in ISO 15156-2:2020,
2
Annex C for gas phase containing systems using H S fugacity (as an alternative to H S partial
2 2
pressure) and application of non-ideal thermodynamic rules for gas-free liquid systems.
A list of all parts in the ISO 15156 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
ISO 15156-1:2020(E)

Introduction
The consequences of sudden failures of metallic oil and gas field components, associated with their
exposure to H S-containing production fluids, led to the preparation of the first edition of NACE MR0175,
2
which was published in 1975 by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers, now known as NACE
International.
The original and subsequent editions of NACE MR0175 established limits of H S partial pressure above
2
which precautions against sulfide stress cracking (SSC) were always considered necessary. They
also provided guidance for the selection and specification of SSC-resistant materials when the H S
2
thresholds were exceeded. In more recent editions, NACE MR0175 has also provided application limits
for some corrosion-resistant alloys, in terms of environmental composition and pH, temperature, and
H S partial pressures.
2
In separate developments, the European Federation of Corrosion issued EFC Publication 16 in 1995 and
EFC Publication 17 in 1996. These documents are generally complementary to those of NACE though
they differed in scope and detail.
In 2003, the publication of the ISO 15156 series and NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 was completed for the
first time. These technically identical documents utilized the above sources to provide requirements
and recommendations for materials qualification and selection for application in environments
containing wet H S in oil and gas production systems. They are complemented by NACE TM0177 and
2
NACE TM0284 test methods.
The revision of this document, i.e. ISO 15156-1, involves a consolidation of all changes agreed and
published in the Technical Circular 1, ISO 15156-1:2015/Cir.1:2017, published by the ISO 15156 series
Maintenance Agency secretariat at DIN.
The changes were developed by, and approved by the ballot of, representative groups from within
the oil and gas production industry. The great majority of these changes stem from issues raised by
document users. A description of the process by which these changes were approved can be found at
the ISO 15156 series maintenance website: www .iso .org/ iso15156maintenance.
When found necessary by oil and gas production industry experts, future interim changes to this
document will be processed in the same way and will lead to interim updates to this document in
the form of Technical Corrigenda or Technical Circulars. Document users should be aware that such
documents can exist and can impact the validity of the dated references in this document.
The ISO 15156 series Maintenance Agency at DIN was set up after approval by the ISO Technical
Management Board given in document 34/2007. This document describes the makeup of the agency,
which includes experts from NACE, EFC, and ISO/TC 67, and the process for approval of amendments.
It is available from the ISO 15156 series maintenance website and from the ISO/TC 67 Secretariat. The
website also provides access to related documents that provide more detail of the ISO 15156 series
maintenance activities.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD  ISO 15156-1:2020(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials
for use in H₂S-containing environments in oil and gas
production —
Part 1:
General principles for selection of cracking-resistant
materials
WARNING — Metallic materials selected using this document are resistant to cracking in defined
HS-containing environments in oil and gas production but not necessarily immune to cracking
2
under all service conditions. It is the equipment user's responsibility to select materials suitable
for the intended service.
1  Scope
This document describes general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the
selection and qualification of metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production
and in natural-gas sweetening plants in H S-containing environments, where the failure of such
2
equipment can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment.
It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but
does not replace, the materials requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards, or
regulations.
This document addresses all mechanisms of cracking that can be caused by H S, including sulfide stress
2
cracking, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking and stepwise cracking, stress-oriented
hydrogen-induced cracking, soft zone cracking, and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking.
Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this document is applicable, including
exclusions.
This document applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and
constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods,
see Clause 5.
This document is not necessarily applicable to equipment used in refining or downstream processes
and equipment.
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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
ISO 15156-1:2020(E)

Table 1 — List of equipment
This document is applicable to materials used for  Exclusions
the following equipment
Drilling, well construction, and well-servicing Equipment exposed only to drilling fluids of controlled
a
equipment composition
Drill bits
b
Blowout preventer (BOP) shear blades
Drilling riser systems
Work strings
c
Wireline and wireline equipment
Surface and intermediate casing
d
Wells, including subsurface equipment, gas-lift Sucker rod pumps and sucker rods
equipment, wellheads, and christmas trees
Electric submersible pumps
Other artificial lift equipment
Slips
Flowlines, gathering lines, field facilities, and field Crude-oil storage and handling facilities operating at a
processing plants total absolute pressure below 0,45 MPa (65 psi)
Water-handling equipment Water-handling facilities operating at a total absolute
pressure below 0,45 MPa (65 psi)
Water injection and water disposal equipment
Natural-gas treatment plants —
Transportation pipelines for liquids, gases, and Lines handling gas prepared for general commercial
multiphase fluids and domestic use
For all equipment above Components loaded only in compression
a
See ISO 15156-2:2020, A.2.3.2.3 for more information.
b
See ISO 15156-2:2020, A.2.3.2.1 for more information.
c
Wireline lubricators and lubricator connecting devices are not excluded.
d
For sucker rod pumps and sucker rods, reference can be made to NACE MR0176.
2  Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15156-2, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H S-containing environments in
2
oil and gas production — Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
ISO 15156-3, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H S-containing environments in
2
oil and gas production — Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys
3  Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
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ISO 15156-1:2020(E)

— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
blowout preventer
BOP
mechanical device capable of containing pressure, used for control of well fluids and drilling fluids
during drilling operations
3.2
brazing
joining metals by flowing a thin layer (of capillary thickness) of a lower-melting-point non-ferrous filler
metal in the space between them
3.3
carbon steel
alloy of carbon and iron containing up to 2 % mass fraction carbon and up to 1,65 % mass fraction
manganese and residual quantities of other elements, except those intentionally added in specific
quantities for deoxidation (usually silicon and/or aluminium)
Note 1 to entry: Carbon steels used in the petroleum industry usually contain less than 0,8 % mass fraction carbon.
3.4
christmas tree
equipment at a wellhead for the control of fluid production or injection
3.5
cold work
plastic deformation of metal under conditions of temperature and strain rate that induce strain
hardening, usually, but not necessarily, conducted at room temperature
3.6
corrosion-resistant alloy
CRA
alloy intended to be resistant to general and localized corrosion of oilfield environments that are
corrosive to carbon steels (3.3)
3.7
ferrite
body-centred cubic crystalline phase of iron-based alloys
3.8
ferritic steel
steel whose microstructure (3.16) at room temperature consists predominantly of ferrite (3.7)
3.9
hardness
resistance of metal to plastic deformation, usually measured by indentation
3.10
heat-affected zone
HAZ
portion of the base metal that is not melted during brazing, cutting, or welding, but whose microstructure
(3.16) and properties are altered by the heat of these processes
3.11
heat treatment
heating and cooling a solid metal or alloy in such a way as to obtain desired properties
Note 1 to entry: Heating for the sole purpose of hot working is not considered heat treatment.
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SIST EN ISO 15156-1:2021
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3.12
hydrogen-induced cracking
HIC
planar cracking that occurs in carbon and low alloy steels when atomic hydrogen diffuses into the steel
and then combines to form molecular hydrogen at trap sites
Note 1 to entry: Cracking results from the pressurization of trap sites by hydrogen. No externally applied stress
is required for the formation of hydrogen-induced cracks. Trap sites capable of causing HIC are commonly found
in steels with high impurity levels that have a high density of planar inclusions and/or regions of anomalous
microstructure (3.16) (e.g. banding) produced by segregation of impurity and alloying elements in the steel. This
form of hydrogen-induced cracking is not related to welding.
3.13
hydrogen stress cracking
HSC
cracking that results from the presence of hydrogen in a metal and tensile stress (residual and/or
applied)
Note 1 to entry: SSC and GHSC are forms of HSC.
3.14
galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking
GHSC
cracking that results due to the presence of hydrogen in a metal induced in the cathode of a galvanic
couple and tensile stress (residual and/or applied)
3.15
low-alloy steel
steel with a total alloying element content of less than about 5 % mass fraction, but more than specified
for carbon steel (3.3)
3.16
microstructure
structure of a metal as revealed by microscopic examination of a suitably prepared specimen
3.17
partial pressure
pressure that would be exerted by a single component of a gas if present alone, at the same temperature,
in the total volume occupied by the mixture
Note 1 to entry: For a mixture of ideal gases, the partial pressure of each component is equal to the total pressure
multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture, where its mole fraction is equal to the volume fraction of the
component.
3.18
residual stress
stress present in a component free of external forces or thermal gradients
3.19
soft-zone cracking
SZC
form of SSC that can occur when a steel contains a local “soft zone” of low-yield-strength material
Note 1 to entry: Under service loads, soft zones can yield and accumulate plastic strain locally, increasing the SSC
susceptibility to cracking of an otherwise SSC-resistant material. Such soft zones are typically associated with
welds in carbon steels (3.3).
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3.20
sour service
exposure to oilfield environments that contain sufficient H S to cause cracking of materials by specific
2
mechanisms
Note 1 to entry: These specific mechanisms are addressed in this document.
3.21
stepwise cracking
SWC
cracking that connects hydrogen-induced cracks on adjacent planes in a steel
Note 1 to entry: This term describes the crack appearance. The linking of hydrogen-induced cracks to produce
stepwise cracking is dependent on the local strain between the cracks and the embrittlement of the surrounding
steel by dissolved hydrogen. HIC/SWC is usually associated with low-strength plate steels used in the production
of pipes and vessels.
3.22
stress corrosion cracking
SCC
cracking of metal involving anodic processes of localized corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or
applied) in the presence of water and H S
2
Note 1 to entry: Chlorides and/or oxidants and elevated temperature can increase the susceptibility of metals to
this mechanism of attack.
3.23
stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking
SOHIC
staggered small cracks formed approximately perpendicular to the principal stress (residual or applied)
resulting in a “ladder-like” crack array linking (sometimes small) pre-existing HIC cracks
Note 1 to entry: The mode of cracking can be categorized as SSC caused by a combination of external stress and
the local strain around hydrogen-induced cracks. SOHIC is related to SSC and HIC/SWC. It has been observed
in parent material of longitudinally welded pipe and in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) (3.10) of welds in pressure
vessels. SOHIC is a relatively uncommon phenomenon usually associated with low-strength ferritic pipe and
pressure vessel steels.
3.24
sulfide stress cracking
SSC
cracking of metal involving corrosion and tensile stress (residual and/or applied) in the presence of
water and H S
2
Note 1 to entry: SSC is a form of hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) (3.13) and involves the embrittlement of the metal
by atomic hydrogen that is produced by acid corrosion on the metal surface. Hydrogen uptake is promoted in the
presence of sulfides. The atomic hydrogen can diffuse into the metal, reduce ductility, and increase susceptibility
to cracking. High-strength metallic materials and hard weld zones are prone to SSC.
3.25
weld
joint between two or more pieces of metal by applying heat and/or pressure with or without filler metal,
to produce a union through localized fusion of the substrates and solidification across the interfaces
3.26
yield strength
stress at which a material exhibits a specified deviation from the proportionality of stress to
...