SIST EN 15620:2021
(Main)Steel static storage systems - Tolerances, deformations and clearances
Steel static storage systems - Tolerances, deformations and clearances
This European Standard specifies tolerances, deformations and clearances that pertain to the production, assembly and erection of pallet racking including the interaction with floors. These tolerances, deformations and clearances are important in relation to the functional requirements and ensuring the proper interaction of the handling equipment used by personnel, trained and qualified as competent, in association with the specific type of racking system. The interaction conditions are also important in determining the reliability of the storage system to ensure that the chance of an industrial truck impact, pallet impact or a system breakdown is acceptably low. The design safety philosophy given in prEN 15512 is based upon compliance with this standard.
This European Standard gives guidance for a variety of issues including operating clearances, manufacturing, assembly and erection tolerance limitations, as well as deflection or strain deformation limitations under loads.
This European Standard is limited to single deep adjustable beam pallet racking operated with industrial trucks or stacker cranes. Drive-in, double deep and satellite systems will be considered for inclusion in the document in the future.
This European Standard specifically excludes the tolerances and deformation of the trucks and stacker cranes. It is the responsibility of the truck or stacker crane supplier and the client or user to ensure that the tolerances, deformations and clearances, as quoted in this European Standard for the racking systems, are acceptable for the safe operation of the overall system.
This European Standard gives guidance to be used in conjunction with the latest information from the truck and stacker crane suppliers regarding turning radii, tolerances and deformations of the truck and stacker cranes.
Ortsfeste Regalsysteme aus Stahl - Verstellbare Palettenregale - Grenzabweichungen, Verformungen und Freiräume
Dieses Dokument legt Grenzabweichungen, Verformungen und Freiräume fest, die sich auf Herstellung, Zusammenbau und Montage sowie das Verhalten unter Last von Palettenregalen und Kragarmregalen beziehen. Diese Grenzabweichungen, Verformungen und Freiräume sind in Bezug auf die funktionellen Anforderungen wichtig und stellen eine geeignete Wechselwirkung mit den Regalbediengeräten sicher, für deren Bedienung geschultes und qualifiziertes Personal eingesetzt wird, das eine Einweisung für das jeweilige Regalsystem erhalten hat. Die Wechselwirkungsbedingungen sind auch zur Bestimmung der Zuverlässigkeit des Lagersystems wichtig, damit ein nur geringes Risiko für Zusammenstöße mit Fördermitteln, Paletten oder für einen Zusammenbruch des Regalsystems besteht.
Dieses Dokument beschränkt sich auf:
- verstellbare Palettenregale mit einfacher Tiefe, die mit Flurförderzeugen bedient werden,
- verstellbare Palettenregale mit einfacher und doppelter Tiefe, die mit Regalförderzeugen bedient werden,
- Einfahrregal- und Durchfahrregalsysteme, die mit Flurförderzeugen bedient werden,
- Kragarmregalsysteme, die mit Flurförderzeugen bedient werden.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Spezialgeräte wie selbstfahrende Flurförderzeuge, Kleinteileregalbediengeräte, Satellitensysteme, Systeme, für die Stapler mit Knicklenkung erforderlich sind, Flurförderzeuge mit Einschubtechniken oder Regale in Silobauweise, die von Flurförderzeugen bedient werden.
In diesem Dokument werden ausdrücklich keine Grenzabweichungen und Verformungen für Flurförderzeuge, Regalförderzeuge und Böden erfasst.
Planer und Kunde oder Benutzer sind dafür verantwortlich, dass die in diesem Dokument für die Regalsysteme angegebenen Grenzabweichungen, Verformungen und Freiräume bei Berücksichtigung aller Einflussfaktoren für einen sicheren Betrieb des Gesamtsystems geeignet sind und der Benutzer durch Mittel wie Betriebsanleitungen informiert wurde. Der Planer kann geeignete Bemessungen/Berechnungen vornehmen, um einige der Parameter zu variieren, vorausgesetzt, ein gleich sicherer Betrieb wird erreicht.
Dieses Dokument gibt Leitlinien, die zusammen mit Informationen zum Fördermittel und Boden anzuwenden sind.
Systèmes de stockage statiques en acier - Rayonnages à palettes réglables - Tolérances, déformations et jeux
Le présent document spécifie les tolérances, déformations et jeux applicables dans le cadre de la production, de l'assemblage, de l'édification et des performances sous charge d'un rayonnage à palettes et d’un rayonnage en porte-à-faux. Ces tolérances, déformations et jeux sont des éléments importants eu égard aux exigences de fonctionnement et garantissent l'interaction du matériel de manutention utilisé par du personnel formé et qualifié, en association avec le type particulier de système de rayonnage. Les conditions d'interaction sont également primordiales dans la détermination de la fiabilité du système de rayonnage. Il s'agit de limiter les risques de choc de l’appareil de manutention mécanique, de choc de palette ou de panne.
Le présent document se limite aux :
— systèmes de rayonnage à palettes réglables actionnés par des chariots de manutention ;
— systèmes de rayonnage à palettes réglables actionnés par des ponts roulants gerbeurs ;
— systèmes de rayonnage par accumulation actionnés par des chariots de manutention ;
— systèmes de rayonnage en porte-à-faux actionnés par des chariots de manutention.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux types d'équipement spécialisés tels que les chariots automatisés, les mini-charges, les systèmes satellites, les systèmes utilisant des chariots articulés, les chariots utilisant des méthodes de gerbage intrusives ou les bâtiments industriels à rayonnages par chariot.
Le présent document exclut spécifiquement les tolérances et déformations des chariots de manutention, ponts roulants gerbeurs et planchers.
Il est de la responsabilité du rédacteur des spécifications, en coopération avec le client ou l'utilisateur, de s'assurer que les tolérances, déformations et jeux cités dans le présent document sont acceptables pour un fonctionnement sûr de l'ensemble du système compte tenu de tous les facteurs d'influence et que l'utilisateur est informé par des moyens tels que les instructions de fonctionnement. Le rédacteur des spécifications peut effectuer des calculs appropriés pour modifier certains des paramètres, à condition qu'un fonctionnement sûr équivalent soit réalisé.
Le présent document donne des conseils à utiliser conjointement avec l'appareil de manutention mécanique et les informations sur les planchers.
Stabilni jekleni sistemi za skladiščenje - Tolerance, deformacije in prosti prostori
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 15620:2021
01-september-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 15620:2009
Stabilni jekleni sistemi za skladiščenje - Tolerance, deformacije in prosti prostori
Steel static storage systems - Tolerances, deformations and clearances
Ortsfeste Regalsysteme aus Stahl - Verstellbare Palettenregale - Grenzabweichungen,
Verformungen und Freiräume
Systèmes de stockage statiques en acier - Rayonnages à palettes réglables -
Tolérances, déformations et jeux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15620:2021
ICS:
53.080 Skladiščna oprema Storage equipment
SIST EN 15620:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 15620:2021
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.080 Supersedes EN 15620:2008
English Version
Steel static storage systems - Tolerances, deformations and
clearances
Système de stockage statique en acier - Tolérance, Ortsfeste Regalsysteme aus Stahl - Verstellbare
déformation et jeux Palettenregale - Grenzabweichungen, Verformungen
und Freiräume
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 May 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15620:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols . 10
5 Racking types . 12
5.1 General . 12
5.2 Crane racking Class 100 . 12
5.3 Crane racking Class 200 . 12
5.4 Very narrow aisle racking . 13
5.4.1 General . 13
5.4.2 Very narrow aisle (operator up) . 13
5.4.3 Very narrow aisle (operator down) . 14
5.4.4 Operation . 14
5.5 Wide aisle and narrow aisle . 14
5.5.1 Wide aisle . 14
5.5.2 Narrow aisle . 14
5.6 Cantilever racking . 15
5.7 Drive-In racking . 16
6 Racking used with Industrial trucks . 17
6.1 Slab deformation due to settling and slab deflection. 17
6.2 Installation tolerances . 17
6.2.1 General . 17
6.2.2 Tolerance field of frames in X direction . 19
6.3 Deformation limits . 22
6.3.1 Beam deformation limits in the Y direction . 22
6.3.2 Frame deformations . 23
6.3.3 Upright shortening . 23
6.3.4 Guide rail deformation (VNA applications) . 23
6.4 Clearances for unit loads and truck handling equipment in adjustable pallet racking . 23
6.4.1 Clearances relating to the placement of unit loads . 23
6.4.2 Horizontal and vertical clearances in a bay . 23
6.4.3 Clearances for upright protectors . 26
6.4.4 Horizontal clearance in the depth . 26
6.4.5 Aisle width clearances (wide and narrow aisle racking) . 29
6.4.6 Clearances for gangways . 30
6.4.7 Aisle width clearances (VNA) . 32
6.5 Pick up and deposit stations . 32
7 Crane racking classes 100 and 200 . 33
7.1 General . 33
7.2 Floor tolerances . 33
7.3 Slab deformation due to settling and slab deflection. 33
7.4 Top guide rail manufacturing and assembly tolerances. 33
2
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
7.5 Installation tolerances (single deep and double deep) . 33
7.6 Deformation limits . 33
7.6.1 Beam deformation limitations in the Y direction . 33
7.6.2 Frame deformations in the X and Z directions . 33
7.6.3 Frame deformations in the X and Z directions for clad rack buildings and wind loads . 34
7.6.4 Elastic shortening of uprights . 34
7.7 Safety back stop . 35
7.7.1 Deformations. 35
7.7.2 Clearances . 35
8 Cantilever racking . 35
8.1 Installation tolerances . 35
8.2 Verticality tolerances with regard to design and assembly . 39
8.3 Cantilever racking deformation limits. 39
8.3.1 General . 39
8.3.2 Arm deformations . 40
8.4 Cantilever column deformations in the X and Z directions . 40
8.5 Clearances for unit loads and truck handling equipment . 41
8.5.1 Clearances relating to the placement of unit loads . 41
8.5.2 Horizontal and vertical clearances in a bay . 41
9 Drive-In racking . 43
9.1 Installation tolerances . 43
9.2 Deformation limits . 46
9.2.1 Beam rail deformation limits in the Y direction . 46
9.2.2 Frame deformations . 47
9.3 Minimum pallet bearing . 47
9.4 Clearances for unit loads and truck handling equipment . 47
9.4.1 Industrial truck requirement . 47
9.4.2 Clearances relating to the placement of unit loads . 48
9.4.3 Horizontal and vertical clearances . 48
9.4.4 Horizontal clearances in the depth . 49
9.4.5 Horizontal truck clearances . 49
9.4.6 Vertical clearances . 51
10 Racking to warehouse interface . 51
Annex A (informative) General safety philosophy . 52
Annex B (informative) Racking measurement surveys . 56
Annex C (informative) Effects of beam hogging and sagging deformations on clearances . 57
Annex D (informative) Additional information for determining dimensions and clearances
in the depth of the rack (Z direction) in case of palletised loads . 62
Annex E (informative) Additional information for very narrow aisle trucks in adjustable
pallet racking . 65
Annex F (informative) Consideration of tolerances and deformations in determining
clearances . 66
Annex G (informative) Sprinkler systems. 67
Bibliography . 71
3
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 15620:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 344 “Steel static
storage systems”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 15620:2008.
This document includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 15620:2008:
— floor tolerances have been removed (reference is made to alternative sources);
— tolerances for Drive-In racking and Cantilever racking have been added;
— tolerances for crane racking have been removed (reference is made to alternative sources);
— the classification system for racking operated by industrial trucks has been removed.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
4
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
Introduction
The determination of the safe load bearing capacity of racking is a structural issue and therefore the
Eurocodes are relevant, especially EN 1993 series. The most relevant parts for racking are EN 1993-1-1
and EN 1993-1-3.
In order to have reliable state of the art guidance for those involved in designing these products and
due to the differences in the shape of the structural components, detailing and connection types,
additional technical information to the Eurocodes is required.
The scope of CEN/TC 344 is to establish European Standards providing guidance for the specification,
design, methods of installation, accuracy of build and also guidance for the user on the safe use of steel
static storage systems.
This, together with the need for harmonized design rules, was the reason that FEM Product Group
Racking and Shelving (FEM R&S) has taken the initiative for the CEN/TC 344. This TC is in the course of
preparing a series of European Standards regarding Steel static storage systems.
5
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies tolerances, deformations and clearances that pertain to the production,
assembly and erection and performance under load of pallet racking and cantilever racking. These
tolerances, deformations and clearances are important in relation to the functional requirements and
ensuring the proper interaction of the handling equipment used by personnel, trained and qualified as
competent, in association with the specific type of racking system. The interaction conditions are also
important in determining the reliability of the storage system to ensure that the chance of mechanical
handling equipment impact, pallet impact or a system breakdown is acceptably low.
This document is limited to:
— single deep adjustable beam pallet racking operated with industrial trucks;
— single and double deep adjustable beam pallet racking operated with stacker cranes;
— drive-in and drive through racking systems operated with industrial trucks;
— cantilever racking systems operated with industrial trucks.
This document does not apply to specialized types of equipment such as automated trucks, miniload,
satellite systems, systems involving the use of articulated trucks, trucks using intrusive stacking
methods or industrial truck serviced rack-clad buildings.
This document specifically excludes the tolerances and deformation of the industrial trucks, stacker
cranes and floors.
It is the responsibility of the specifier in cooperation with the client or user to ensure that the
tolerances, deformations and clearances, as quoted in this document are acceptable for safe operation
of the overall system considering all factors of influence and the user informed by means such as
operation instructions. The specifier can carry out appropriate design/calculations to vary some of the
parameters provided that an equivalent safe operation is achieved.
This document gives guidance to be used in conjunction with mechanical handling equipment and floor
information.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 15512, Steel static storage systems - Adjustable pallet racking systems - Principles for structural design
EN 15629, Steel static storage systems - Specification of storage equipment
EN 15878, Steel static storage systems - Terms and definitions
6
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15878 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
racking aisle width
minimum dimension measured across the aisle at the floor and at any beam level between the rack
structure
3.2
deformation
displacement due to external actions
3.3
gangway
transfer aisle
space for movement or transport which does not give access to the picking or loading faces of the
storage racking
3.4
fine positioning
local adjustment of the machine with respect to the rack components in the X and/or Y directions using
sensors on the crane and location devices on the rack
3.5
intrusive stacking
placement or retrieval of a unit load where the turning radius or length of an industrial truck is greater
than the operating aisle width and part of the storage location concerned is used by the truck forks and
load when turning to place or retrieve a unit load
3.6
mechanical handling equipment
MHE
mechanical or electro-mechanical equipment used to transport, lift, pick and deposit unit loads
3.7
free-movement truck
industrial truck that is free to move in any direction in the aisle and make 90 ° turns into the rack face
for loading and off loading
3.8
upright protector
component to protect the lower part of uprights against accidental impact from mechanical handling
equipment
Note 1 to entry: Can be either free-standing or connected to the upright.
7
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
3.9
pick up and deposit station
P & D station
structure at the end of an operating aisle used as an interface between different types of mechanical
handling equipment
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
Key
1 free movement truck access
2 unit load positions in the racks
3 P & D stations
4 very narrow aisle racking (VNA)
Figure 1 — Example of P & D stations
3.10
racking types
3.10.1
wide aisle racking
pallet racking arranged to leave aisles of sufficient width for use with free-movement trucks
3.10.2
narrow aisle racking
pallet racking arranged in a similar way to wide aisle racking and for use with free-movement trucks,
but having aisles of a reduced width for use with more specialist types of industrial truck
8
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
3.10.3
very narrow aisle racking
VNA
pallet racking arranged with aisles of a width to cater only for the truck and the unit load width plus an
operational clearance where the truck cannot make 90° turns into the rack face for loading and off
loading
3.10.4
crane racking class 100 and 200
pallet racking operated by a stacker crane
3.10.5
drive-in racking
DIR
system of racking that provides storage where pallets are stored two or more deep and where access is
gained by driving an industrial truck into a lane with pallets supported along their sides on beam rails
supported from the uprights
Note 1 to entry: In DIR, the industrial truck drives into a lane and reverses out.
3.10.6
drive-through racking
DTR
system of racking similar to DIR but where the industrial truck could drive through the lane if there are
no pallets in the lane
Note 1 to entry: Drive-through racking lanes are not designed as access routes through the racking but allow
full access for pallets to be placed from either end of the aisle, enabling the first-in first-out logistic principle.
3.11
reference directions
directions at 90° to each other related to the orientation of the racking
Note 1 to entry: X is the down aisle direction, Y is the vertical direction and Z is the cross aisle direction.
3.12
specifier
person or company that provides the supplier with a specification based on the user’s requirements
Note 1 to entry: The specifier may be a consultant, other specialist, the user or the equipment supplier acting as
the specifier.
3.13
stacker crane
storage and retrieval machine running on a rail and stabilised at the top of the mast by an upper guide
rail
3.14
tolerances
dimensional variations from the nominal dimension or position arising from manufacture, assembly
and erection
9
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
3.15
user
company or person who manages and operates the installation on a daily basis and is responsible for
the continuing safety of the installation
3.16
cantilever arm
load-carrying member connected at one end to the cantilever column in the cross-aisle direction
Note 1 to entry: Arms can either be fixed or adjustable dependent upon the type of racking.
3.17
cantilever base
horizontal structural component fixed to the bottom of the cantilever column and to allow load transfer
and fixing to the floor
3.18
cantilever column
vertical member supporting the cantilever arms that can either be single sided or double sided
3.19
datum
reference point, line or plane
4 Symbols
For the purpose of this document, a number of the following symbols may be used together with
standard subscripts.
Additional symbols and subscripts are defined where they first occur.
A symbol and subscript may have several meanings in this document.
In general, primary symbols are not defined with all the standard subscripts with which they may be
used.
A manoeuvring clearance
A clear entry between two uprights (pallet racking)
A bay width (cantilever racking)
A (n) total length of the rack (comprising ‘n’ bays)
t
A minimum operating aisle width
ST
a horizontal clearance in Drive-In racking
b vertical clearance in Drive-In racking
B misalignment of uprights across an aisle
BF misalignment of rack uprights across a frame
B distance to system datum
0
C , C out-of-plumb of the member with respect to the relevant axis
x z
D rack depth
D rack frame depth
10
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
D 90 ° turning width of truck and load
D depth of unit load and pallet
p
E racking aisle width
F distance from aisle X datum to the rack
F variation between adjacent uprights measured near floor level in the Z direction
1
G , G , G curvature of the arm or beam with respect to the relevant axis
x y z
h height of compartment
H height from top of base plate to top of upright
H height from top of bottom beam level to top of any other beam level (pallet racking)
1
H height from the underside of the base to arm 1 (cantilever racking)
1
H height from top of base plate to top of bottom beam level (pallet racking)
1A
HB height from top of beam level to top of beam level above (pallet racking)
HB dimension between bracing beams (cantilever racking)
J , J curvature of the upright with respect to the relevant axis
x z
L centre to centre distance of uprights
L beam span
L cantilever arm length
L maximum deviation of arm level with respect to the top of the baseplate level
M maximum variation of pallet support level between both sides of the pallet
M distance from front upright to centre of top guide rail
T beam twist at mid span
w
W upright width
WE tolerance field of mutually opposite frames
W width of unit load and pallet
p
X clearance in the X direction (with a subscript)
Y clearance in the Y direction (with a subscript)
Z clearance in the Z direction (with a subscript)
δ hogging deformation
u
δ sagging deformation
d
δ deflection at the tip of a cantilever arm
VB
δ deflection of a cantilever upright in the X or Z direction
11
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SIST EN 15620:2021
EN 15620:2021 (E)
5 Racking types
5.1 General
Erection tolerances, deformations and clearances have been divided into groups to cover the general
requirements o
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15620:2020
01-marec-2020
Stabilni jekleni sistemi za skladiščenje - Tolerance, deformacije in prosti prostori
Steel static storage systems - Tolerances, deformations and clearances
Ortsfeste Regalsysteme aus Stahl - Verstellbare Palettenregale - Grenzabweichungen,
Verformungen und Freiräume
Systèmes de stockage statiques en acier - Rayonnages à palettes réglables -
Tolérances, déformations et jeux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15620
ICS:
53.080 Skladiščna oprema Storage equipment
oSIST prEN 15620:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 15620:2020
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oSIST prEN 15620:2020
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 15620
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2020
ICS Will supersede EN 15620:2008
English Version
Steel static storage systems - Tolerances, deformations and
clearances
Systèmes de stockage statiques en acier - Rayonnages à Ortsfeste Regalsysteme aus Stahl - Verstellbare
palettes réglables - Tolérances, déformations et jeux Palettenregale - Grenzabweichungen, Verformungen
und Freiräume
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 344.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15620:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Racking types . 11
4.1 General . 11
4.2 Class 100, Stacker crane . 12
4.3 Class 200, Stacker crane . 12
4.4 Very narrow aisle . 12
4.4.1 General . 12
4.4.2 Very narrow aisle (operator up) . 13
4.4.3 Very narrow aisle (operator down) . 13
4.4.4 Operation . 13
4.5 Wide aisle and narrow aisle . 14
4.5.1 Wide aisle . 14
4.5.2 Narrow aisle . 14
4.6 Cantilever racking . 15
4.7 Drive-In racking . 16
5 Racking used with Industrial trucks . 17
5.1 Installation tolerances . 17
5.1.1 General . 17
5.1.2 Tolerance field of frames in X direction . 19
5.2 Deformation limits . 22
5.2.1 Beam deformation limits in the Y direction . 22
5.2.2 Frame deformations . 22
5.2.3 Guide rail deformation (VNA applications) . 22
5.3 Clearances for unit loads and truck handling equipment . 23
5.3.1 Clearances relating to the placement of unit loads . 23
5.3.2 Horizontal and vertical clearances in a bay . 23
5.3.3 Clearances for upright protectors . 26
5.3.4 Horizontal clearance in the depth . 26
5.3.5 Aisle width clearances (non VNA) . 28
5.3.6 Clearances for gangways . 29
5.3.7 Aisle width dimensions (VNA) . 30
5.4 Pick up and deposit stations . 30
6 Stacker crane classes 100 and 200 . 31
6.1 General . 31
6.2 Floor tolerances . 31
6.3 Slab deformation due to settling and slab deflection. 31
6.4 Rail fabrication and assembly tolerances . 31
6.5 Installation tolerances (single deep and double deep) . 31
6.6 Deformation limits . 31
6.6.1 Beam deformation limitations in the Y direction . 31
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6.6.2 Frame deformations in the X and Z directions . 31
6.6.3 Frame deformations in the X and Z directions for clad rack buildings and wind loads . 32
6.6.4 Elastic shortening of uprights . 33
6.7 Safety backstop . 33
6.7.1 Deformations. 33
6.7.2 Clearances . 33
7 Cantilever racking . 33
7.1 Vertical tolerances with regard to design and assembly . 33
7.2 Cantilever racking deformations . 33
7.2.1 General . 33
7.2.2 Arm deformations . 33
7.3 Column deformations in the X and Z directions . 34
7.4 Clearances for unit loads and truck handling equipment . 35
7.4.1 Clearances relating to the placement of unit loads . 35
7.4.2 Horizontal and vertical clearances in a bay . 35
7.5 Installation tolerances . 36
8 Drive-In racking . 39
8.1 Installation tolerances . 39
8.2 Deformation limits . 42
8.2.1 Beam rail deformation limits in the Y direction . 42
8.2.2 Frame deformations . 43
8.3 Minimum pallet bearing . 43
8.4 Clearances for unit loads and truck handling equipment . 43
8.4.1 Industrial truck requirement . 43
8.4.2 Clearances relating to the placement of unit loads . 44
8.4.3 Horizontal and vertical clearances . 44
8.4.4 Horizontal clearances in the depth . 45
8.4.5 Horizontal truck clearances . 45
8.4.6 Vertical clearances . 46
9 Racking to warehouse interface . 47
Annex A (informative) Adjustable pallet racking components . 48
Annex B (informative) General safety philosophy . 50
B.1 General . 50
B.2 Wide and narrow aisle width manoeuvring clearance . 51
B.3 Environments with additional risk . 51
B.4 Truck requirements . 52
B.5 Floor tolerances and deformations . 53
B.5.1 Sloping floors . 53
B.5.2 Quasi-rigid floors . 53
Annex C (informative) Racking measurement surveys. 54
C.1 General . 54
C.2 Agreed grid lines and datums . 54
C.3 Principal grid lines and datums . 54
C.4 Measurement survey reports . 54
C.4.1 General . 54
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C.4.2 Measuring conditions . 54
Annex D (informative) Effects of beam hogging and sagging deformations on clearances . 55
D.1 Effects of beam hogging and sagging deformations on clearances X , X and Y , Y and
3 4 1 2
Y for non cantilevered beams . 55
3
D.2 Effects of beam hogging and sagging deformations on X X and Y , Y and Y for
3 4 1 2 3
cantilevered beams (P and D stations) . 58
Annex E (informative) Additional information for determining dimensions and clearances
in the depth of the rack (Z direction) in case of palletised loads . 60
E.1 Placement tolerances in the depth of the rack . 60
E.2 Larger values of Z and Z . 61
2a 2b
Annex F (informative) Additional information for very narrow aisle trucks in adjustable
pallet racking . 63
F.1 Considerations for the Z direction . 63
F.2 Considerations in the Y direction . 63
F.3 Considerations in the X direction . 63
Annex G (informative) Consideration of tolerances and deformations in determining
clearances . 64
G.1 General . 64
G.2 Storage systems other than single deep adjustable pallet racking . 64
Annex H (informative) Sprinkler systems . 65
Bibliography . 69
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European foreword
This document (prEN 15620:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 344 “Steel
static storage systems”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 15620:2008.
In this document
— floor tolerances have been removed (reference is made to alternative sources),
— tolerances for Drive-In racking and Cantilever racking have been added,
— tolerances for crane racking have been removed (reference is made to alternative sources),
— the classification system for racking operated by industrial trucks has been removed.
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Introduction
The determination of the safe load bearing capacity of racking is a structural issue and therefore the
Eurocodes are relevant, especially EN 1993. The most relevant parts for racking are EN 1993-1-1 and
EN 1993-1-3.
In order to have reliable state of the art guidance for those involved in designing these products and
due to the differences in the shape of the structural components, detailing and connection types,
additional technical information to the Eurocodes is required.
The scope of CEN/TC 344 is to establish European Standards providing guidance for the specification,
design, methods of installation, accuracy of build and also guidance for the user on the safe use of steel
static storage systems.
This, together with the need for harmonized design rules, was the reason that FEM Product Group
Racking and Shelving (FEM R&S) has taken the initiative for the CEN/TC 344. This TC is in the course of
preparing a series of European Standards regarding Steel static storage systems.
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1 Scope
This document specifies tolerances, deformations and clearances that pertain to the production,
assembly and erection of pallet racking and cantilever racking. These tolerances, deformations and
clearances are important in relation to the functional requirements and ensuring the proper interaction
of the handling equipment used by personnel, trained and qualified as competent, in association with
the specific type of racking system. The interaction conditions are also important in determining the
reliability of the storage system to ensure that the chance of mechanical handling equipment impact,
pallet impact or a system breakdown is acceptably low. This document, in conjunction with
FEM 10.2.14/4.103 and FEM 9.831-1, are essential to the design safety philosophy of EN 15512.
This document is limited to:
— single deep adjustable beam pallet racking operated with industrial trucks,
— single and double deep adjustable beam pallet racking operated with stacker cranes,
— drive-in racking systems operated with industrial trucks,
— cantilever racking systems operated with industrial trucks.
This document does not apply to specialized types of equipment such as automated trucks, miniload,
satellite systems, systems involving the use of articulated trucks, trucks using intrusive stacking
methods or industrial truck serviced rack-clad buildings.
This document specifically excludes the tolerances and deformation of the industrial trucks, stacker
cranes and floors.
It is the responsibility of the specifier in cooperation with the client or user to ensure that the
tolerances, deformations and clearances, as quoted in this document are acceptable for safe operation
of the overall system considering all factors of influence and the user informed by means such as
operation instructions. The specifier may carry out appropriate design/calculations to vary some of the
parameters provided that an equivalent safe operation is achieved.
This document gives guidance to be used in conjunction with mechanical handling equipment and floor
information.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 15512, Steel static storage systems - Adjustable pallet racking systems - Principles for structural design
EN 15629, Steel static storage systems - Specification of storage equipment
EN 15635:2008, Steel static storage systems - Application and maintenance of storage equipment
EN 15878, Steel static storage systems - Terms and definitions
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15878 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
racking aisle width
minimum dimension measured across the aisle at the floor and at any beam level between the rack
structure
3.2
coordinate positioning
positioning of the storage and retrieval machine using global (x and y) coordinates
3.3
deformation
displacement due to external actions
3.4
gangway / transfer aisle
space for movement or transport which does not give access to the picking or loading faces of the
storage racking
3.5
location fine positioning
local adjustment of the machine with respect to the rack components in the x and/or y directions using
sensors on the crane and location devices on the rack
3.6
installer
trained and qualified as competent personnel who assemble and build the racking at the site location
3.7
intrusive stacking
placement or retrieval of a unit load where the turning radius or length of an industrial truck is greater
than the operating aisle width and part of the storage location concerned is used by the truck forks and
load when turning to place or retrieve a unit load
3.8
mechanical handling equipment
MHE
mechanical or electro-mechanical equipment used to transport, lift, pick and deposit unit loads
3.9
free-movement truck
industrial truck that that is free to move in any direction in the aisle and make 90° turns into the rack
face for loading and off loading
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3.10
upright protector
component to protect the lower part of uprights against accidental impact from mechanical handling
equipment. Can be either free-standing or connected to the upright
3.11
pick up and deposit station
P & D station
structure at the end of an operating aisle used as an interface between different types of mechanical
handling equipment
Note 1 to entry The P and D station as shown in Figure 1 can be used as an interface between the unit load and
handling equipment that is dedicated to the rack aisle (such as very narrow aisle trucks or cranes) and the
conveyors or free movement trucks which service the installation. The P and D station can also be used to
accurately fix the location of the unit load relative to the racking.
Key
1 free movement truck access
2 unit load positions in the racks
3 P and D stations
4 very narrow aisle (VNA)
Figure 1 — Example of P and D stations
3.12
racking types
3.12.1
wide aisle racking
pallet racking arranged to leave aisles of sufficient width for use with free-movement trucks
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3.12.2
narrow aisle racking
pallet racking arranged in a similar way to wide aisle racking and for use with free-movement trucks,
but having aisles of a reduced width for use with more specialist types of industrial truck
3.12.3
very narrow aisle racking
VNA
pallet racking arranged with aisles of a width to cater only for the truck and the unit load width plus an
operational clearance where the truck cannot make 90° turns into the rack face for loading and off
loading
3.12.4
crane racking class 100 and 200
pallet racking operated by a stacker crane running on a rail and stabilised at the top of the mast by a top
guide rail
3.12.5
Drive-In Rack
DIR
system of racking that provides storage where pallets are stored two or more deep and where access is
gained by driving an industrial truck into a lane with pallets supported along their sides on beam rails
supported from the uprights. In DIR, the industrial truck drives into a lane and reverses out
3.12.6
Drive-Through Rack
DTR
similar to DIR but in DTR the industrial truck could drive through the lane if there are no pallets in the
lane
Note 1 to entry Drive-Through racking lanes are not designed as access routes through the racking but allow
full access for pallets to be placed from either end of the aisle, enabling the first-in first-out logistic principle.
3.13
reference directions
directions at 90° to each other related to the orientation of the racking
Note 1 to entry The reference directions X, Y and Z are defined in Figure A.1. X is the down aisle direction, Y is
the vertical direction and Z is the cross aisle direction.
3.14
specifier
person or company that provides the supplier with a specification based on the user’s requirements
Note 1 to entry The specifier may be a consultant, other specialist, the user or the equipment supplier acting as
the specifier.
3.15
stacker crane
storage and retrieval machine running on a rail and stabilised at the top of the mast by an upper guide
rail
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3.16
tolerances
dimensional variations from the nominal dimension or position arising from manufacture, assembl
...
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