SIST EN 12245:2009
(Main)Transportable gas cylinders - Fully wrapped composite cylinders
Transportable gas cylinders - Fully wrapped composite cylinders
This European Standard specifies minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction, prototype testing and routine manufacturing inspections of composite gas cylinders for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases.
NOTE 1 For the purposes of this European Standard, the word “cylinder” includes tubes (seamless transportable pressure receptacles of a water capacity exceeding 150 litres and of not more than 3 000 litres).
This European Standard is applicable to cylinders that comprise a liner of metallic material (welded or seamless) or non-metallic material (or a mixture thereof), reinforced by a wound composite consisting of fibres of glass, carbon or aramid (or a mixture thereof) embedded in a matrix.
This European Standard is also applicable to composite cylinders without liners.
This European Standard is not applicable to gas cylinders which are partially covered with fibres and commonly called "hoop wrapped" cylinders. For hoop wrapped composite cylinders, see EN 12257.
NOTE 2 This European Standard does not address the design, fitting and performance of removable protective sleeves. Where these are fitted, they should be considered separately.
This European Standard is primarily for industrial gases other than LPG but may also be applied to LPG.
NOTE 3 For dedicated LPG cylinders, see EN 14427.
Ortsbewegliche Gasflaschen - Vollumwickelte Flaschen aus Verbundwerkstoffen
Diese Europäische Norm legt Mindestanforderungen an die Werkstoffe, Gestaltung und Konstruktion, Proto¬typprüfungen und routinemäßige Inspektionen während der Herstellung von Gasflaschen aus Verbundwerk¬stoffen für verdichtete, verflüssigte und gelöste Gase fest.
ANMERKUNG 1 Für die Anwendung dieser Europäischen Norm umfasst das Wort „Flasche“ Großflaschen (nahtlose, ortsbewegliche Druckbehälter mit einem Fassungsraum von mehr als 150 Liter und nicht mehr als 3 000 Liter).
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Flaschen, die einen Liner aus metallischem Werkstoff (geschweißt oder nahtlos) oder nichtmetallischem Werkstoff (oder einer Kombination daraus) umfassen, der mit einem in einer Matrix eingebetteten Wickelverbund aus Glas , Kohlenstoff oder Aramidfasern (oder einer Kombination daraus) verstärkt ist.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt auch für Flaschen aus Verbundwerkstoffen ohne Liner.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Gasflaschen, die teilweise mit Fasern eingehüllt sind und allgemein als „umfangsgewickelte“ Flaschen bezeichnet werden. Zu umfangsgewickelten Flaschen aus Verbundwerkstoffen siehe EN 12257.
ANMERKUNG 2 Diese Europäische Norm behandelt nicht die Konstruktion, Anbringung und Leistung von abnehmbaren Schutzhülsen. Sind derartige Schutzhüllen angebracht, sollten sie separat betrachtet werden.
Diese Europäische Norm ist hauptsächlich für andere industrielle Gase als LPG bestimmt, kann jedoch auch für Flüssiggas angewendet werden.
ANMERKUNG 3 Zu Flaschen speziell für Flüssiggas, siehe EN 14427.
Bouteilles a gaz transportables - Bouteilles entierement bobinées en matériaux composites
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences minimales relatives aux matériaux, à la
conception, à la construction, aux essais de qualification de modèle et aux contrôles courants de
production, des bouteilles à gaz en matériaux composites pour gaz comprimés, liquéfiés et dissous.
NOTE 1 Pour les besoins de la présente Norme européenne, le mot « bouteille » englobe les tubes
(conteneurs sous pression transportables d’une capacité en eau supérieure à 150 litres mais non supérieure à 3
000 litres).
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux bouteilles constituées d'un liner métallique (avec ou
sans soudure), ou non métallique (ou constitué d'un mélange de ces matériaux), renforcé par un
enroulement composite en fibres de verre, de carbone ou d'aramide (ou un mélange de ces
matériaux) noyées dans une matrice.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique également aux bouteilles à gaz en composite sans liner.
La présente Norme européenne ne s'applique pas aux bouteilles à gaz partiellement recouvertes de
fibres et couramment appelées « bouteilles frettées ». Pour les bouteilles frettées en matériaux
composites, voir l’EN 12257.
NOTE 2 La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas de la conception, du montage et des performances des
gaines de protection amovibles. Lorsque celles-ci sont montées, il convient de les considérer séparément.
La présente Norme européenne concerne principalement les gaz industriels autres que le GPL mais
elle peut également s’appliquer au GPL.
NOTE 3 Pour les bouteilles à GPL, voir l’EN 14427.
Premične plinske jeklenke - Popolnoma obvite jeklenke iz kompozitnih mas
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Ortsbewegliche Gasflaschen - Vollumwickelte Flaschen aus VerbundwerkstoffenBouteilles a gaz transportables - Bouteilles entierement bobinées en matériaux compositesTransportable gas cylinders - Fully wrapped composite cylinders23.020.30MHNOHQNHPressure vessels, gas cylindersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12245:2009SIST EN 12245:2009en,fr,de01-april-2009SIST EN 12245:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12245:20021DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12245January 2009ICS 23.020.30Supersedes EN 12245:2002
English VersionTransportable gas cylinders - Fully wrapped composite cylindersBouteilles à gaz transportables - Bouteilles entièrementbobinées en matériaux compositesOrtsbewegliche Gasflaschen - Vollumwickelte Flaschenaus VerbundwerkstoffenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 November 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2009 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12245:2009: ESIST EN 12245:2009
Prototype, design variant and production testing . 34A.1General . 34A.2Prototype testing . 34A.3Design variant testing. 37A.4Production testing . 42Annex B (informative)
Examples of prototype approval and production testing certificates . 45B.1Type approval certificate – composite cylinders with metallic liners . 45B.2Type approval certificate – composite cylinders with non-metallic liners . 46B.3Type approval certificate – composite cylinders without liners . 47B.4Design variant approval certificate – composite cylinders with metallic liners . 48B.5Production test certificate . 49Bibliography . 51 SIST EN 12245:2009
1 Scope This European Standard specifies minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction, prototype testing and routine manufacturing inspections of composite gas cylinders for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases. NOTE 1 For the purposes of this European Standard, the word “cylinder” includes tubes (seamless transportable pressure receptacles of a water capacity exceeding 150 litres and of not more than 3 000 litres). This European Standard is applicable to cylinders that comprise a liner of metallic material (welded or seamless) or non-metallic material (or a mixture thereof), reinforced by a wound composite consisting of fibres of glass, carbon or aramid (or a mixture thereof) embedded in a matrix. This European Standard is also applicable to composite cylinders without liners. This European Standard is not applicable to gas cylinders which are partially covered with fibres and commonly called "hoop wrapped" cylinders. For hoop wrapped composite cylinders, see EN 12257. NOTE 2 This European Standard does not address the design, fitting and performance of removable protective sleeves. Where these are fitted, they should be considered separately. This European Standard is primarily for industrial gases other than LPG but may also be applied to LPG. NOTE 3 For dedicated LPG cylinders, see EN 14427.
2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 720-2, Transportable gas cylinders — Gases and gas mixtures — Part 2: Determination of flammability and oxidizing potential of gases and gas mixtures EN 1964-1, Transportable gas cylinders — Specification for the design and construction of refillable transportable seamless steel gas cylinders of water capacities from 0,5 litre up to and including 150 litres — Part 1: Cylinders made of seamless steel with an Rm value of less than 1100 MPa EN 1964-2, Transportable gas cylinders — Specification for the design and construction of refillable transportable seamless steel gas cylinders of water capacities from 0,5 litre up to and including 150 litres — Part 2: Cylinders made of seamless steel with an Rm value of 1100 MPa and above EN 1964-3, Transportable gas cylinders — Specification for the design and construction of refillable transportable seamless steel gas cylinders of water capacities from 0,5 litre up to and including 150 litres — Part 3:. Cylinders made of seamless stainless steel with an Rm value of less than 1100 MPa EN 1975, Transportable gas cylinders — Specification for the design and construction of refillable transportable seamless aluminium and aluminium alloy gas cylinders of capacity from 0,5 litre up to 150 litres EN 12862, Transportable gas cylinders — Specification for the design and construction of refillable transportable welded aluminium alloy gas cylinders SIST EN 12245:2009
pbL
burst pressure of liner, in bar 1) above atmospheric pressure pbmin minimum burst pressure of composite cylinder obtained during design variant approval testing, in bar 1) above atmospheric pressure ph hydraulic test pressure of composite cylinder, in bar 1) above atmospheric pressure pmax maximum developed pressure at 65 °C, in bar 1) above atmospheric pressure 4 Design and manufacture 4.1 General A fully wrapped composite gas cylinder may be manufactured with a metallic or non-metallic liner or without a liner. Cylinders without a liner may be manufactured from two parts joined together with adhesive. An optional exterior coating may be used to provide external protection and when this is an integral part of the design shall be permanent. The cylinder may also include additional parts (e.g. rings and bases). Cylinders shall be designed with one or two openings along the central axis only.
1) 1 bar = 105 Pa = 0,1 MPa. SIST EN 12245:2009
EN 1964-1 or EN 1964-2, as appropriate; b) seamless stainless steel liners:
EN 1964-3; c) seamless aluminium alloy liners:
EN 1975; d) welded steel liners:
EN 13322-1 or prEN 14638-3, as appropriate; e) welded stainless steel liners:
EN 13322-2 or EN 14638-1, as appropriate; f) welded aluminium liners:
EN 12862; g) steel tubes (i.e. > 150 l):
EN ISO 11120. The relevant sections are those covering materials, thermal treatments, neck design, construction and workmanship and mechanical tests. NOTE This excludes the design requirements, since these are specified by the manufacturer for the design of the composite cylinder. For liners with water capacity above 150 l manufactured of stainless steel, aluminium or welded steel, the relevant sections of the appropriate standard also apply. The liner material shall be compatible with the gases intended to be used as determined by EN ISO 11114-1 and EN ISO 11114-4. 4.2.2 Non-metallic liners A cylinder with a non-metallic liner shall be designed as if the liner will be non-load sharing. The liner material shall be compatible with the gases intended to be used as determined by EN ISO 11114-2. Where a metal end boss is used in a non-metallic liner, it shall be considered part of the liner material and shall fulfil the material requirements specified in the relevant standard, as listed in 4.2.1. The drawing of the liner shall include the specification of the material and material properties of the boss. Important material properties shall be specified in the design and are those such as: a) minimum yield stress; b) minimum tensile strength; c) minimum elongation of the boss material; d) compatibility with the contained gas as determined by EN ISO 11114-1. The metal end boss bearing the cylinder thread shall be designed to withstand the torque applied in fitting the valve to the cylinder and the tests specified in Test 16 (see 5.2.16) and Test 17 (see 5.2.17). 4.2.3 Design drawing A fully dimensioned drawing of the liner shall be supplied which includes the specification of the material and material properties. Material and liner properties to be specified on the drawing are: a) for metallic liners: SIST EN 12245:2009
intended for air and oxidising gases (see ISO 10156 for definition of oxidising gases)); 4) glass transition temperature as determined by differential scanning calorimetry; 5) composition; 6) compatibility with the contained gas as determined by EN ISO 11114-2; 7) end boss design in accordance with 4.2.2. 4.2.4 Design of ends The external diameter and thickness of the formed neck end of the liner shall be designed to withstand the torque applied in fitting the valve to the cylinder and the tests specified in Test 16 (see 5.2.16) and Test 17 (see 5.2.17). 4.2.5 Neck ring When a neck ring is provided, it shall be of a material compatible with that of the cylinder, and shall be securely attached by a method appropriate to the liner (or cylinder for cylinders without liner) or boss material. 4.3 Composite overwrap 4.3.1 Materials Material requirements for the fibre and matrix or the pre-impregnated material shall be as specified by the manufacturer. 4.3.2 Winding Appropriate procedures shall be defined for the winding and curing process to ensure good repeatability and traceability. Parameters to be specified and monitored are: SIST EN 12245:2009
EN ISO 11114-2. The auto-ignition temperature in oxygen gas shall be determined in accordance with EN ISO 11114-3 for cylinders intended for air, oxygen and oxidising gases. Where a metal end boss is used in a cylinder without liner, the drawing of the cylinder shall include the specification of the material and material properties of the boss in accordance with 4.2.2.2. 4.4.3 Autofrettage Internal pressurisation to autofrettage pressure of cylinders with metallic liners can be part of the manufacturing process; if so this operation shall be executed after polymerisation of the composite for thermosetting resins or after the consolidation process for thermoplastics. During the autofrettage operation, the parameters to be recorded are: a) autofrettage pressure; b) length of application of the autofrettage pressure; c) expansion at autofrettage pressure; d) permanent expansion after autofrettage. If autofrettage is used, a check shall be made on all cylinders that the procedure has been effectively performed. 4.4.4 Manufacturing requirements for the finished cylinder The internal and external surfaces of the finished cylinder shall be free of defects which can adversely affect the safe working of the cylinder. In addition, there shall be no visible foreign matter present inside the cylinder (e.g. resin, swarf or other debris). 5 Cylinder and material tests 5.1 General This clause describes tests to be conducted on fully wrapped composite cylinders, cylinder liners and the materials used in manufacture of cylinders for prototype testing of new cylinder designs, design SIST EN 12245:2009
ISO 8521 or ASTM D 2290-92 and ASTM D 2291-83; ISO 3341 or ASTM D 2343-03; 2) for carbon:
ISO10618 or ASTM D 4018-93; b) shear properties:
ISO 14130 or ASTM D 2344-84; c) matrix properties:
glass transition temperature: ASTM D 3418-99;
heat distortion temperature: ISO 75 -3;
viscosity:
ASTM D 2196-86.
Equivalent tests in accordance with alternative standards or test specifications acceptable to the inspection body may be applied. 5.2.1.1.2 Criteria The mechanical properties shall meet the minimum requirements for the design as specified by the manufacturer. 5.2.1.2 Additional tests for cylinders without liners 5.2.1.2.1 Procedure Additional tests on the composite materials and adhesives (if applicable) to establish their other physical properties shall be carried out in accordance with: a) tensile strength:
ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2; b) tensile modulus:
ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2; c) elongation:
ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2; d) heat distortion temperature: ISO 3146 for thermoplastics; ISO 75-1 and ISO 75-3 for thermoset materials; SIST EN 12245:2009
ISO 1628-3 for thermoplastics; ISO 2884-1 or ASTM D 2196-86 for thermosets; g) composition:
test specification acceptable to the inspection body. Equivalent tests in accordance with alternative standards or test specifications acceptable to the inspection body may be applied. 5.2.1.2.2 Criteria The mechanical properties shall meet the minimum requirements for the design as specified by the manufacturer. 5.2.2 Test 2 – Liner material tests 5.2.2.1 Procedure Tests on the liner material shall be carried out for: a) seamless steel – as described in EN 1964-1, EN 1964-2 or EN ISO 11120, as appropriate; b) seamless stainless steel – as described in EN 1964-3; c) welded steel – as described in EN 13322-1 or prEN14638-3, as appropriate; d) seamless aluminium – as described in EN 1975; e) welded stainless steel – as described in EN 13322-2 or EN 14638-1; f) welded aluminium – as described in EN 12862; g) non-metallic materials: 1) thermoplastics: i) viscosity – ISO 1628-3: ii) melting point – ISO 3146; iii) water content – ISO 15512; iv) density – ISO 1183; v) melting flow index – ISO 1133; vi) chemical resistance – ISO 175; vii) auto-ignition test – EN ISO 11114-3 (air, oxygen and oxidising gases only). 2) thermosets and elastomerics: i) viscosity - ISO 2884-1 or ASTM D 2196-86; ii) elongation at break – ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2; SIST EN 12245:2009
b) burst initiation shall be in the cylindrical part, except in cases where the liner outside diameter is less than 3 times the overall length, and the liner shall remain in one piece. 5.2.3.3 Parameters to monitor and record a) burst pressure; b) the number of pieces; c) failure description; d) pressure/time curve or pressure/volume curve. 5.2.4 Test 4 – Pressure test of finished cylinders at ambient temperature 5.2.4.1 Procedure Where cylinders are subjected to autofrettage, the pressure test may immediately follow or be part of the autofrettage operation. SIST EN 12245:2009
5.2.5.3 Parameters to monitor and record a) burst pressure; b) number of pieces; c) description of failure; d) pressure/time curve or pressure/volume curve. SIST EN 12245:2009
b) number of cycles achieving upper cyclic pressure; c) minimum and maximum cyclic pressures; d) cycle frequency; e) test medium used; f) mode of failure, if appropriate. 5.2.6.2 For limited life 5.2.6.2.1 Procedure This test shall be conducted in accordance with the procedure as described in 5.2.6.1 and consists of two parts run sequentially and continuously. Different criteria apply to the two parts as shown in Table 1. SIST EN 12245:2009
1st part 2nd part Number of cycles 0 to N N to 2N but 2N no more than 12 000
0 to Nd Nd to 2Nd but 2Nd no more than 24 000 Criteria No leakage/burst = Pass
No leakage or burst Leakage = Pass
Pass 1st part Burst = Fail
5.2.6.2.3 Parameters to monitor and record a) temperature of the cylinder; b) number of cycles, achieving upper cyclic pressure; c) minimum and maximum cyclic pressures; d) cycle frequency; e) test medium used; f) mode of failure, if appropriate. 5.2.7 Test 7 – Immersion in salt water 5.2.7.1 General This test is required for cylinder designs intended for underwater applications and is optional for other applications. 5.2.7.2 Procedure The cylinder shall be finished as for the intended application and without external coating unless this is an integral part of the design. SIST EN 12245:2009
Figure 1 — Positions for the impact test After the full sequence of drops has been completed: a) one of the two cylinders shall be subjected to Test 5 (see 5.2.5); SIST EN 12245:2009
(pb ≥ 2,0 ph); For the second cylinder: b) meet the requirements of 5.2.6. 5.2.9.1.3 Parameters to monitor and record a) visual appearance after each drop - position and dimensions of impact damage; b) burst pressure; c) description of failure; d) parameters specified in 5.2.6. 5.2.9.2 For cylinders over 80 litres water capacity 5.2.9.2.1 Procedure One empty cylinder, fitted with sealing device to protect threads and sealing surfaces, shall be subjected to a sequence of drops from a maximum height of 1,8 m on to a smooth flat concrete surface or as prescribed: a) horizontally on to the cylinder sidewall; b) vertically on to the cylinder base (however maximum potential energy of 1 220 Nm shall not be exceeded); c) vertically on to the other end of the cylinder (however maximum potential energy of 1 220 Nm shall not be exceeded); d) at an angle of 45° to strike the shoulder of the cylinder (however the drop height shall be such that the centre of gravity of the cylinder is 1,8 m from the floor with the shoulder a minimum of 0,6 m (2 ft) the from floor. Where this is not possible, the drop angle should be adjusted to maintain a minimum height of 0,6 m and a centre of gravity of 1,8 m). The cylinder shall then be subjected to 12 000 pressurisation cycles from zero to 2/3 times test pressure in accordance with the procedure detailed in 5.2.6. 5.2.9.2.2 Criteria The cylinders shall withstand 3 000 pressurisation cycles at the test pressure ph x 2/3 without failure by burst or leakage. The test shall continue for a further 9 000 cycles, or until the cylinder fails by leakage, whichever is the sooner. In either case, the cylinder shall be deemed to have passed
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Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 12245:2009 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Transportable gas cylinders - Fully wrapped composite cylinders". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction, prototype testing and routine manufacturing inspections of composite gas cylinders for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases. NOTE 1 For the purposes of this European Standard, the word “cylinder” includes tubes (seamless transportable pressure receptacles of a water capacity exceeding 150 litres and of not more than 3 000 litres). This European Standard is applicable to cylinders that comprise a liner of metallic material (welded or seamless) or non-metallic material (or a mixture thereof), reinforced by a wound composite consisting of fibres of glass, carbon or aramid (or a mixture thereof) embedded in a matrix. This European Standard is also applicable to composite cylinders without liners. This European Standard is not applicable to gas cylinders which are partially covered with fibres and commonly called "hoop wrapped" cylinders. For hoop wrapped composite cylinders, see EN 12257. NOTE 2 This European Standard does not address the design, fitting and performance of removable protective sleeves. Where these are fitted, they should be considered separately. This European Standard is primarily for industrial gases other than LPG but may also be applied to LPG. NOTE 3 For dedicated LPG cylinders, see EN 14427.
This European Standard specifies minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction, prototype testing and routine manufacturing inspections of composite gas cylinders for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases. NOTE 1 For the purposes of this European Standard, the word “cylinder” includes tubes (seamless transportable pressure receptacles of a water capacity exceeding 150 litres and of not more than 3 000 litres). This European Standard is applicable to cylinders that comprise a liner of metallic material (welded or seamless) or non-metallic material (or a mixture thereof), reinforced by a wound composite consisting of fibres of glass, carbon or aramid (or a mixture thereof) embedded in a matrix. This European Standard is also applicable to composite cylinders without liners. This European Standard is not applicable to gas cylinders which are partially covered with fibres and commonly called "hoop wrapped" cylinders. For hoop wrapped composite cylinders, see EN 12257. NOTE 2 This European Standard does not address the design, fitting and performance of removable protective sleeves. Where these are fitted, they should be considered separately. This European Standard is primarily for industrial gases other than LPG but may also be applied to LPG. NOTE 3 For dedicated LPG cylinders, see EN 14427.
SIST EN 12245:2009 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 23.020.35 - Gas cylinders. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 12245:2009 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 12245:2002, SIST EN 12245:2009+A1:2012, SIST EN 12245:2009+A1:2012, SIST EN 12245:2009/AC:2010. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN 12245:2009 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2008/68/EC, 94/55/EC, 96/49/EC, 96/86/EC, 96/87/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/086. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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SIST EN 12245:2009は、輸送可能なガスシリンダーに関する欧州規格であり、完全に巻かれた複合シリンダーの設計、材料、製造、試験、検査に関する最低要件を明確に規定しています。この標準は、圧縮、液化、溶解したガス用の複合シリンダーに適用可能であり、金属材料または非金属材料のライナーで強化された複合構造を持つシリンダー、またはライナーを持たない複合シリンダーに適用されます。 この標準の強みは、強化素材としてのガラス、カーボン、アラミドファイバーを使用した複合材料の重要性を強調している点です。このアプローチにより、シリンダーの耐久性と安全性が向上し、運搬中のリスクを低減しています。また、SIST EN 12245:2009は、150リットルを超え、3,000リットル以下のシームレス輸送圧力容器を含む「シリンダー」という用語の明確な定義も行っています。 さらに、この標準は産業用ガスに主に焦点を当てており、LPGにも適用可能であるため、幅広い用途に対応可能です。ただし、部分的にファイバーで覆われた「フープラップ」として知られるシリンダーには適用されず、これについては別の規格（EN 12257）が存在します。この明確な区分は、使用者が適切な標準を選択する上で大変便利です。 そのため、SIST EN 12245:2009は、異なるタイプの複合シリンダーの設計と製造に関わる関係者にとって、信頼性のあるガイドラインを提供する重要な文書であり、業界の安全性と効率性を高めるための基盤となっています。
SIST EN 12245:2009 표준은 압축, 액화 및 용해 가스를 위한 복합 가스 실린더의 최소 요구사항을 명시합니다. 이 표준의 적용 범위는 금속 재질(용접 또는 봉합되지 않은) 또는 비금속 재질로 구성된 실린더를 포함하며, 유리, 탄소 또는 아라미드 섬유로 이루어진 복합 재료로 보강된 구조를 포함합니다. 이러한 복합 실린더는 라이너가 없는 경우에도 적용됩니다. 이 표준은 복합 가스 실린더의 재료, 설계, 제작, 프로토타입 테스트 및 정기적인 제조 검사에 대한 요구사항을 규정하고 있어 산업 가스의 안전하고 효과적인 운송을 보장합니다. 특히, 반응성이 낮거나 폭발 위험이 있는 가스를 다루는 경우에 이 표준의 적용이 중요합니다. SIST EN 12245:2009의 강점 중 하나는 다양한 섬유 조합에 따른 복합 재료의 사용을 포함하여, 금속 및 비금속 재료의 조합으로 이루어진 혁신적인 디자인을 지지한다는 점입니다. 또한, 안전성을 높이는 데 필요한 검사 및 테스트 단계가 명확하게 규정되어 있어 제조사 및 소비자 모두에게 안전한 사용 환경을 제공합니다. 이 표준은 기체실린더 설계 및 제조와 관련하여 유럽에서의 통일된 기준을 제시하므로, 특히 유럽 지역에서 제품 상용화를 원하는 기업들에게 필수적인 지침입니다. LPG와 같은 산업 가스에 대한 적용 가능성도 언급되어 있어, 다목적 사용으로서의 유용성을 강조합니다. 공식적인 표준에 따라 제조된 복합 실린더는 고객이 요구하는 품질 및 안전 기준을 충족할 수 있어 시장에서의 경쟁력을 높일 수 있습니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 12245:2009 표준은 복합 기체 실린더의 안전 및 효율성을 보장하는 데 필수적인 자료로, 제조업체에게는 명확한 지침을, 소비자에게는 높은 안전성을 제공합니다.
La norme SIST EN 12245:2009 souligne l'importance de la sécurité et de la fiabilité dans la conception et la fabrication de cylindres de gaz composites destinés à des applications industrielles. Cette norme européenne établit des exigences minimales concernant les matériaux, la conception, la construction, ainsi que les tests de prototypes et les inspections de fabrication courantes pour les cylindres de gaz transportables, qu'ils contiennent des gaz comprimés, liquéfiés ou dissous. Parmi les forces de cette norme, on note son adaptabilité aux différentes configurations de cylindres, incluant ceux avec un liner métallique ou non, qui sont renforcés par des composites en fibres de verre, de carbone ou d'aramide. Cela permet l'utilisation de matériaux adaptés aux besoins spécifiques des utilisateurs tout en assurant une grande robustesse et une résistance accrue lors du transport de gaz potentiellement dangereux. La norme exclut les cylindres partiellement recouverts de fibres, appelés "cylindres enroulés", se référant à ces derniers à la norme EN 12257, assurant ainsi que les utilisateurs possèdent des directives claires et spécifiques. De plus, elle est conçue principalement pour les gaz industriels, bien qu'elle puisse également s'appliquer aux cylindres de GPL, offrant une flexibilité dans son utilisation. Une autre caractéristique notoire est l'absence de prise en charge des manchons de protection amovibles dans le cadre de cette norme, ce qui permet aux fabricants de les traiter séparément et garantit que la norme se concentre entièrement sur les aspects essentiels de la sécurité et de la performance des cylindres eux-mêmes. En résumé, la SIST EN 12245:2009 est un document standard essentiel qui garantit des pratiques de fabrication sécurisées et efficaces pour les cylindres de gaz composites, répondant ainsi aux exigences modernes des industries tout en restant centrée sur la sécurité des utilisateurs et la performance des produits.
Die Norm SIST EN 12245:2009 befasst sich mit der Standardisierung von transportablen Gaszylindern, die vollständig mit Verbundmaterialien umwickelt sind. Der Anwendungsbereich dieser europäischen Norm legt Mindestanforderungen für die Materialien, das Design, die Konstruktion, die Prototypenprüfung und die routinemäßigen Herstellungsinspektionen von Verbundgaszylindern fest, die mit komprimierten, verflüssigten und gelösten Gasen befüllt sind. Die Definition des Begriffs "Zylinder" umfasst dabei auch Rohre, die als nahtlose transportable Druckbehälter mit einem Wasserinhalt von über 150 Litern und höchstens 3.000 Litern gelten. Ein herausragendes Merkmal dieser Norm ist ihre Flexibilität, da sie sowohl Zylinder mit einer metallischen (geschweißten oder nahtlosen) als auch einer nichtmetallischen Innenauskleidung oder einer Kombination aus beidem abdeckt. Darüber hinaus schließt sie Verbundzylinder ohne Innenauskleidung ein. Diese umfassende Abdeckung der verschiedenen Zylinderarten trägt zur Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit bei, da die Norm spezifische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren definiert, die die Qualität und Dauerhaftigkeit der Zylinder gewährleisten. Die Norm SIST EN 12245:2009 ist besonders relevant für Industriegase, wobei sie eine Anwendung auf LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) ermöglicht, auch wenn sie primär für andere Industriegase konzipiert wurde. Besonders bemerkenswert ist, dass die Norm klare Grenzen setzt, indem sie Zylinder ausschließt, die nur teilweise mit Fasern bedeckt sind, auch bekannt als „hoop wrapped“ Zylinder. Diese Trennung ermöglicht eine gezielte Regulierung und Prüfung der verschiedenen Zylindertypen, was für Hersteller und Anwender von großer Bedeutung ist. Ein weiterer wichtiger Punkt ist, dass die Norm nicht die Gestaltung, Montage und Leistung von abnehmbaren Schutzhüllen behandelt, was die Anwendung auf spezifische Sicherheitsaspekte fokussiert. Dies unterstreicht den praxisorientierten Ansatz der Norm und deren Relevanz für die Sicherheitsstandards in der Industrie. Insgesamt bietet die SIST EN 12245:2009 eine umfassende und präzise Vorgehensweise zur Sicherstellung der Qualität und Sicherheit von transportablen Gaszylindern, die vollständig mit Verbundmaterialien umwickelt sind, und stellt somit eine bedeutende Norm für die Industrie dar.
The SIST EN 12245:2009 standard comprehensively outlines the requirements for the design, construction, and testing of transportable gas cylinders, particularly focusing on fully wrapped composite cylinders. This European standard is crucial for ensuring safety and performance in the usage of composite gas cylinders intended for compressed, liquefied, and dissolved gases. One of the significant strengths of this standard is its extensive coverage of various materials and designs, allowing for a clear understanding of which composite cylinder configurations are acceptable. By specifying minimum requirements for materials and design, it sets a benchmark that enhances the reliability and durability of the cylinders. Additionally, the inclusion of both metallic and non-metallic liners, as well as consideration for composite materials such as glass, carbon, and aramid fibers, demonstrates the standard's relevance to a wide range of applications in the gas industry. The focus on prototype testing and routine manufacturing inspections further strengthens its position as a pivotal guideline in the industry, ensuring that all cylinders produced meet rigorous safety standards. This aspect is particularly crucial given the potential hazards associated with gas cylinders and their operation. Moreover, the clarity in defining the scope-including the definition of what constitutes a 'cylinder' under this standard-ensures that manufacturers and users can easily identify the applicability of the standard to their products. The exclusion of "hoop wrapped" cylinders from this standard, directing users to EN 12257, showcases the effort to provide precise guidance tailored to various types of composite cylinders, minimizing confusion in compliance. Although the standard primarily targets industrial gases other than LPG, its applicability to LPG under certain conditions reflects its versatility and relevance in a broader context of gas handling and safety. This adaptability indicates the standard's contribution to promoting compliance and safety across different sectors dealing with gas cylinders. Overall, the SIST EN 12245:2009 standard is an essential document for manufacturers and end-users alike, enhancing the safety and effectiveness of fully wrapped composite cylinders in various industrial applications.
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