SIST EN 12012-1:2018

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Stroji za predelavo gume in plastike - Drobilni stroji - 1. del: Varnostne zahteve za rezalne drobilnike in drobilnikeKunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Zerkleinerungsmaschinen - Teil 1: Sicherheitsanforderungen für Schneidmühlen und SchredderMachines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc - Machines à fragmenter - Partie 1 : Prescriptions de sécurité relatives aux granulateurs à lames et aux déchiqueteursPlastics and rubber machines - Size reduction machines - Part 1: Safety requirements for blade granulators and shredders83.200Oprema za gumarsko industrijo in industrijo polimernih materialovEquipment for the rubber and plastics industriesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12012-1:2018SIST EN 12012-1:2018en,fr,de01-december-2018SIST EN 12012-1:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12012-3:2002+A1:2008SIST EN 12012-1:2007+A1:20081DGRPHãþD



SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12012-1
September
t r s z ICS
z uä t r r Supersedes EN
s t r s tæ sã t r r y ªA sã t r r zá EN
s t r s tæ uã t r r s ªA sã t r r zEnglish Version
Plastics and rubber machines æ Size reduction machines æ Part
sã Safety requirements for blade granulators and shredders Machines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc æ Machines à fragmenter æ Partie
s ã Prescriptions de sécurité relatives aux granulateurs à lames et aux déchiqueteurs
Kunststoffæ und Gummimaschinen æ Zerkleinerungsmaschinen æ Teil
sã Sicherheitsanforderungen für Schneidmühlen und Schredder This European Standard was approved by CEN on
{ March
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
9
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s t r s tæ sã t r s z ESIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 11 4.1 General . 11 4.2 Mechanical hazards . 11 4.2.1 Access through openings of the cutting chamber . 11 4.2.2 Feeding device . 12 4.2.3 Discharge area . 13 4.3 Hazards generated by noise . 13 4.3.1 Noise reduction at source by design . 13 4.3.2 Main sources of noise and noise reduction measures . 13 4.3.3 Measurement and declaration of noise emissions values . 14 4.4 Hazards resulting from loss of machine stability . 14 4.5 Hazards due to electrical energy . 14 4.6 Emergency stop . 14 4.7 Hazards due to neglecting ergonomic principles . 14 5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 15 6 Information for use . 15 6.1 General . 15 6.2 Instruction handbook . 15 6.3 Marking . 17 6.4 Warning signs . 17 Annex A (informative)
List of significant hazards . 18 Annex B (normative)
Noise test code . 19 B.1 General . 19 B.2 Determination of the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the workstation . 19 B.3 Determination of the A-weighted sound power level . 20 B.4 Mounting and operating conditions . 21 B.5 Information to be recorded and reported . 21 B.6 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 22 Annex C (informative)
Example of protective flaps . 25 C.1 General . 25 C.2 Protective flap – Rigid type . 25 C.3 Protective flap – Flexible type . 25 SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 3 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 26 Bibliography . 27
SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 12012-1:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 145 “Plastics and rubber machines”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2019. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This document supersedes EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 and EN 12012-3:2001+A1:2008. Compared with the previous versions of EN 12012-1:2007+A1:2008 and EN 12012-3:2001+A1:2008, the following significant technical changes have been made: — the contents of EN 12012-1 and EN 12012-3 have been merged into this standard; — the performance levels and safety integrity levels of safety related parts of control systems have been specified in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2015 and EN 62061:2005; — the hazards related to the break of the cutting chamber have been removed because reliable chambers represent now the state of the art (no projections have been reported from a broken cutting chamber for a long time); — requirements about rotor blocking device have been modified considering the design of the drive system; — hazards due to neglecting ergonomic principles have been considered; — the annex for noise measurement has been revised. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010. This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to machinery safety: — machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises); — health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.) Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups: — machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises); — machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs); — service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises). The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process of this document. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document. When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard. SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the essential safety requirements applicable to the design and construction of blade granulators and shredders used to reduce the size of products made from plastics and/or rubber. Machines considered in this European Standard begin at the outer edge of the feeding device/feed opening and end at the discharge area. This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events during all phases of the machine life cycle (see Annex A), when blade granulators and shredders are used as intended and under conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. This European Standard does not deal with: — equipment for feeding material or discharging processed material that is not an integral part of the machine; — machines intended to process materials that could be hazardous to health or flammable materials (e.g. expanded foam material). This European Standard is not applicable to blade granulators and shredders that are manufactured before the date of its publication. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 574:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Two-hand control devices - Functional aspects - Principles for design EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 62061:2005, Safety of machinery - Functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems (IEC 62061:2005) EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010) EN ISO 3746:2010, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3746:2010) EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics - Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 9614-2:1996, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity - Part 2: Measurement by scanning (ISO 9614-2:1996) EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 7 EN ISO 11202:2010, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying approximate environmental corrections (ISO 11202:2010) EN ISO 11204:2010, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions applying accurate environmental corrections (ISO 11204:2010) EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment - Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015) EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop function - Principles for design (ISO 13850:2015) EN ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery - Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of parts of the human body (ISO 13855:2010) EN ISO 13856-2:2013, Safety of machinery - Pressure-sensitive protective devices - Part 2: General principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive edges and pressure-sensitive bars (ISO 13856-2:2013) EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) EN ISO 14119:2013, Safety of machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for design and selection (ISO 14119:2013) EN ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards (ISO 14120:2015) EN ISO 14122-2:2016, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2016) EN ISO 14122-3:2016, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2016) EN ISO 14122-4:2016, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 4: Fixed ladders (ISO 14122-4:2016) SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 8 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp 3.1 blade granulator/shredder machine that cuts material within a cutting chamber until the size has been reduced so that the product is allowed into the discharge area (see Figure 1 and Figure 2) Note 1 to entry Typically, granulators are high-speed machines (about 400 RPM) while shredders are low-speed machines (about 100 RPM). 3.2 cutting chamber part of the machine where size reduction takes place 3.3 rotor rotating device including the shaft and cutting tools (usually blades) inside the cutting chamber Note 1 to entry Rotors can be one or more (see Figure 3). 3.4 stationary cutting tool single or multiple cutting tool(s) (usually blades) fixed inside the cutting chamber 3.5 feeding area area of the machine where the feeding of material takes place 3.6 feeding device integral part of the machine (e.g. feeding hopper or similar device, rollers, screws) used for feeding the material into the cutting chamber 3.7 screen perforated rounded sheet fitted at the discharge side of the cutting chamber, to allow the passage of granulate or finished product of suitable size into the discharge area 3.8 working level surface on which the person who feeds the machine stands 3.9 loading table surface for placing material to be fed into the machine SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 9 3.10 discharge area area where the product leaves the cutting chamber 3.11 pusher device used to push the material toward the rotor(s)
Key 1 cutting chamber 6 feeding opening 2 rotor 7 protective flap 3 rotor blade 8 discharge area 4 stationary cutting tools 9 screen 5 feeding hopper
Figure 1 — Example of a blade granulator
SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 10
Key 1 feeding hopper 5 pusher 2 cutting chamber 6 screen 3 rotor 7 discharge area 4 stationary cutting tools
Figure 2 — Example of a shredder
Key 1 feeding hopper 2 cutting chamber 3 rotors 4 stationary cutting tools Figure 3 — Example of a shredder with two rotors SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 11 4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures 4.1 General Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this European Standard. The safety functions performed by the control system shall be in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2015 or EN 62061:2005. The required performance levels (PLr) or Safety Integrity Levels (SIL) are given in the relevant subclauses. The start function shall be possible only when all safeguards are in place and functional (see EN 60204-1:2006, 9.2.5.2). The machine shall only be started by actuation of the start device provided for that purpose. A push button or a similar device shall be provided to bring the machine to a complete stop. All the actuators for the moving parts shall be de-energized. A power supply interruption that causes the stop of the machine or a failure of the power supply shall not result in a loss of safety function and restoration of the energy supply shall not result in the automatic restarting of the machine (see EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.2.11.4 and 6.2.11.5). 4.2 Mechanical hazards 4.2.1 Access through openings of the cutting chamber Access to the movements of the rotors in the cutting chamber shall be prevented by one or more of the following: — fixed parts/elements of the machine acting as fixed guards in accordance with EN ISO 14120:2015; — fixed guards in accordance with EN ISO 14120:2015; — interlocking guards with guard locking in accordance with EN ISO 14119:2013; the safety related parts of the control system for the safety functions guard locking and interlocking preventing the unexpected start-up shall be PLr = d or SIL = 2; — interlocking guards without guard locking in accordance with EN ISO 14119:2013; these shall be positioned in accordance with EN ISO 13855:2010, Clause 9, considering the worst case related to maximum speed and without material; the safety related parts of the control system for the interlocking function shall be PLr = d or SIL = 2; — integrated feeding and/or discharging devices according to 4.2.2 and/or 4.2.3. Safety distances shall be in accordance with EN ISO 13857:2008, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4 and/or Table 6. Unexpected rotation of the rotor(s) when the cutting chamber is open shall be prevented by design of the drive system not allowing any movement in the unpowered state. Where the technology used for the drive system is not suitable, a blocking device shall be provided by the manufacturer (see 6.2.2). SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 12 4.2.2 Feeding device 4.2.2.1 General requirements When the feeding device is a hopper, able to resist stresses due to normal operation, its dimensions and the design shall be such as to avoid the possibility of the upper limbs reaching: — moving parts in the cutting chamber through the feed opening, and — moving parts of the pusher, if any,
taking into consideration the safety distances of EN ISO 13857:2008, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4 and/or Table 6. If a power operated feeding device is installed to process film, fibres, strands or similar materials likely to cause entanglement, mechanically actuated sensitive protective equipment (trip device) in accordance with EN ISO 13856-2:2013 shall be provided at the feed opening to automatically stop the feeding of the material. The overall system stopping performance shall be 1 s maximum. The position of the trip device shall be such that it is automatically activated in case of entanglement.
The activation of the sensitive protective equipment (trip device) shall not require a force greater than 150 N. The safety related parts of the control system shall be PLr = d or SIL = 2. If the dimensions of the feed opening are greater than 0,40 m in height and 0,50 m in width, falling through the feed opening shall be prevented by one of the following measures: — the lower edge of the feed opening shall be positioned at a minimum height of 1,20 m above the working level; or — a loading table shall be fixed and positioned at a minimum height of 1,20 m above the working level; or — use of a mechanical feeding device that is an integral part of the machine preventing whole body access. The ejection of parts of the machine or of material from the cutting chamber through the feed opening during processing shall be prevented by design of the feeding device (e.g. feed rolls for film).
Where the feeding device alone cannot eliminate this ejection, the following requirements shall apply:
— the feeding device shall prevent the direct ejection through the feed opening, and — indirect ejection shall be prevented by protective flaps (see Figure 1) and/or similar devices; examples are given in the informative Annex C. Additional measures may be required to reduce risks when feeding long materials that prevent closing of the protective flaps. Information shall be given in the instruction manual. See also 6.2.3, 6.2.4, 6.2.7 and 6.2.8. In case of larger machines, the manufacturer shall supply devices, (e.g. a mirror) that allow the operator to see from a distance into the feeding area. See also 6.2.5. 4.2.2.2 Additional requirements in the case of a movable feeding device If the integrated feeding device is movable, reaching the cutting tools in the cutting chamber shall be prevented until motion of the rotor(s) has ceased. For this purpose, the feeding device shall act as an interlocking guard with or without guard locking as specified in 4.2.1. SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 13 If in a machine the feed hopper is attached by a pivot or hinge, whatever system is used to open or close it, a self-locking restraining device shall prevent the hopper in the open position closing unintentionally or the hopper in the open position shall be stable due to gravity. If there is power operated movement of the feed hopper, access to impact/crushing dangerous areas shall be prevented by: — a two-hand control device in accordance with of EN 574:1996+A1:2008, type IIIB positioned in accordance with EN ISO 13855:2010 and so as to ensure a clear view of the opening and closing area of the feed hopper; or — a hold-to-run control device as defined in
EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.28.3 positioned at a minimum distance of 2 m from the danger area, so as to ensure a clear view of the opening and closing area of the feed hopper. The safety related parts of the control system shall be PLr = c or SIL = 1. 4.2.3 Discharge area The ejection of material or parts of the machine through the discharge openings during processing shall be limited by protective measures (e.g. tunnel, etc.) that shall be able to resist stresses related to ejection. See 6.2.3. Additional measures may be required to reduce this risk (see 6.2.3, 6.2.7, 6.2.9 and 6.4). See Annex C. Reaching the cutting tools in the cutting chamber from the discharge area shall be prevented until the motion of the rotor(s) has ceased. This shall be achieved by interlocking guards with or without guard locking as specified in 4.2.1. These interlocking guards may be replaced by integrated discharge devices, provided that they act as an interlocking guards with or without guard locking as specified in 4.2.1. If there is power operated movement of the discharge hopper, access to impact/crushing dangerous areas shall be prevented by: — a two-hand control device in accordance with of EN 574:1996+A1:2008, Type IIIB positioned in accordance with EN ISO 13855:2010 and it shall be ensured that there is a clear view of the hazardous area of the discharge hopper; or — a hold-to-run control device as defined in EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.28.3 positioned at a minimum distance of 2 m from the hazardous area, so as to ensure a clear view of the hazardous area of the discharge hopper. The safety related parts of the control system shall be PLr = c or SIL = 1. 4.3 Hazards generated by noise 4.3.1 Noise reduction at source by design Blade granulators and shredders shall be designed and constructed so that risks resulting from the emission of noise are reduced to the lowest level, taking account of technical progress and the availability of means of reducing noise, in particular at source. See also EN ISO 11688-1:2009. NOTE: Useful information on noise generation mechanisms in machinery is given in EN ISO 11688-2:2000. 4.3.2 Main sources of noise and noise reduction measures The main sources of noise are the cutting chamber, hopper, feed opening, discharge opening, and discharge pipes if provided. SIST EN 12012-1:2018



EN 12012-1:2018 (E) 14 Amongst the measures that may be taken are: — acoustic enclosures; — changing the geometry of the blades and rotor(s); — changing the geometry of the hopper; — increasing the sound insulation of the cutting chamber; — reduction of cutting speed; — mounting in such a way that structure-borne noise is isolated. 4.3.3 Measurement and declaration of noise emissions values The measurement and the declaration of noise emission values shall be carried out in accordance with Annex B. See also 6.2.6. 4.4 Hazards resulting from loss of machine stability The machine and its anchorages shall be so designed that stability is maintained even when the hopper and/or the cutting chamber are in the open position (see 6.2.1). 4.5 Hazards due to electrical energy Electrical equipment shall be in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006. 4.6 Emergency stop The emergency stop shall function as a category 0 in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 9.2.2. Actuation of emergency stop devices shall stop any movement. Emergency stop actuators shall be provided within reach of any work
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