ISO 26262-5:2018
(Main)Road vehicles — Functional safety — Part 5: Product development at the hardware level
Road vehicles — Functional safety — Part 5: Product development at the hardware level
This document is intended to be applied to safety-related systems that include one or more electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems and that are installed in series production road vehicles, excluding mopeds. This document does not address unique E/E systems in special vehicles such as E/E systems designed for drivers with disabilities. NOTE Other dedicated application-specific safety standards exist and can complement the ISO 26262 series of standards or vice versa. Systems and their components released for production, or systems and their components already under development prior to the publication date of this document, are exempted from the scope of this edition. This document addresses alterations to existing systems and their components released for production prior to the publication of this document by tailoring the safety lifecycle depending on the alteration. This document addresses integration of existing systems not developed according to this document and systems developed according to this document by tailoring the safety lifecycle. This document addresses possible hazards caused by malfunctioning behaviour of safety-related E/E systems, including interaction of these systems. It does not address hazards related to electric shock, fire, smoke, heat, radiation, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, corrosion, release of energy and similar hazards, unless directly caused by malfunctioning behaviour of safety-related E/E systems. This document describes a framework for functional safety to assist the development of safety-related E/E systems. This framework is intended to be used to integrate functional safety activities into a company-specific development framework. Some requirements have a clear technical focus to implement functional safety into a product; others address the development process and can therefore be seen as process requirements in order to demonstrate the capability of an organization with respect to functional safety. This document does not address the nominal performance of E/E systems. This document specifies the requirements for product development at the hardware level for automotive applications, including the following: — general topics for the product development at the hardware level; — specification of hardware safety requirements; — hardware design; — evaluation of the hardware architectural metrics; — evaluation of safety goal violations due to random hardware failures; and — hardware integration and verification. The requirements of this document for hardware elements are applicable to both non-programmable and programmable elements, such as ASIC, FPGA and PLD. Further guidelines can be found in ISO 26262-10:2018 and ISO 26262-11:2018. Annex A provides an overview on objectives, prerequisites and work products of this document.
Véhicules routiers — Sécurité fonctionnelle — Partie 5: Développement du produit au niveau du matériel
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26262-5
Second edition
2018-12
Road vehicles — Functional safety —
Part 5:
Product development at the
hardware level
Véhicules routiers — Sécurité fonctionnelle —
Partie 5: Développement du produit au niveau du matériel
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Requirements for compliance . 2
4.1 Purpose . 2
4.2 General requirements . 2
4.3 Interpretations of tables . 3
4.4 ASIL-dependent requirements and recommendations . 3
4.5 Adaptation for motorcycles . 3
4.6 Adaptation for trucks, buses, trailers and semi-trailers. 4
5 General topics for the product development at the hardware level .4
5.1 Objectives. 4
5.2 General . 4
6 Specification of hardware safety requirements . 5
6.1 Objectives. 5
6.2 General . 6
6.3 Inputs to this clause . 6
6.3.1 Prerequisites . 6
6.3.2 Further supporting information . 6
6.4 Requirements and recommendations . 6
6.5 Work products . 8
7 Hardware design. 8
7.1 Objectives. 8
7.2 General . 9
7.3 Inputs to this clause . 9
7.3.1 Prerequisites . 9
7.3.2 Further supporting information . 9
7.4 Requirements and recommendations . 9
7.4.1 Hardware architectural design . 9
7.4.2 Hardware detailed design .10
7.4.3 Safety analyses .11
7.4.4 Verification of hardware design .13
7.4.5 Production, operation, service and decommissioning .14
7.5 Work products .14
8 Evaluation of the hardware architectural metrics .14
8.1 Objectives.14
8.2 General .15
8.3 Inputs of this clause .16
8.3.1 Prerequisites .16
8.3.2 Further supporting information .16
8.4 Requirements and recommendations .16
8.5 Work products .20
9 Evaluation of safety goal violations due to random hardware failures .20
9.1 Objectives.20
9.2 General .20
9.3 Inputs to this clause .21
9.3.1 Prerequisites .21
9.3.2 Further supporting information .21
9.4 Requirements and recommendations .21
9.4.1 General.21
9.4.2 Evaluation of Probabilistic Metric for random Hardware Failures (PMHF) .22
9.4.3 Evaluation of Each Cause of safety goal violation (EEC) .25
9.4.4 Verification review .29
9.5 Work products .30
10 Hardware integration and verification .30
10.1 Objectives.30
10.2 General .30
10.3 Inputs of this clause .30
10.3.1 Prerequisites .30
10.3.2 Further supporting information .30
10.4 Requirements and recommendations .30
10.5 Work products .32
Annex A (informative) Overview of and workflow of product development at the hardware level 33
Annex B (informative) Failure mode classification of a hardware element .36
Annex C (normative) Hardware architectural metrics .38
Annex D (informative) Evaluation of the diagnostic coverage .44
Annex E (informative) Example calculation of hardware architectural metrics:“single-point
fault metric” and “latent-fault metric” .66
Annex F (informative) Example for rationale that objectives of Clause 9 in accordance with
4.2 are met .75
Annex G (informative) Example of a PMHF budget assignment for an item consisting of two
systems .82
Annex H (informative) Example of latent fault handling .86
Bibliography .
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26262-5
Second edition
2018-12
Road vehicles — Functional safety —
Part 5:
Product development at the
hardware level
Véhicules routiers — Sécurité fonctionnelle —
Partie 5: Développement du produit au niveau du matériel
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Requirements for compliance . 2
4.1 Purpose . 2
4.2 General requirements . 2
4.3 Interpretations of tables . 3
4.4 ASIL-dependent requirements and recommendations . 3
4.5 Adaptation for motorcycles . 3
4.6 Adaptation for trucks, buses, trailers and semi-trailers. 4
5 General topics for the product development at the hardware level .4
5.1 Objectives. 4
5.2 General . 4
6 Specification of hardware safety requirements . 5
6.1 Objectives. 5
6.2 General . 6
6.3 Inputs to this clause . 6
6.3.1 Prerequisites . 6
6.3.2 Further supporting information . 6
6.4 Requirements and recommendations . 6
6.5 Work products . 8
7 Hardware design. 8
7.1 Objectives. 8
7.2 General . 9
7.3 Inputs to this clause . 9
7.3.1 Prerequisites . 9
7.3.2 Further supporting information . 9
7.4 Requirements and recommendations . 9
7.4.1 Hardware architectural design . 9
7.4.2 Hardware detailed design .10
7.4.3 Safety analyses .11
7.4.4 Verification of hardware design .13
7.4.5 Production, operation, service and decommissioning .14
7.5 Work products .14
8 Evaluation of the hardware architectural metrics .14
8.1 Objectives.14
8.2 General .15
8.3 Inputs of this clause .16
8.3.1 Prerequisites .16
8.3.2 Further supporting information .16
8.4 Requirements and recommendations .16
8.5 Work products .20
9 Evaluation of safety goal violations due to random hardware failures .20
9.1 Objectives.20
9.2 General .20
9.3 Inputs to this clause .21
9.3.1 Prerequisites .21
9.3.2 Further supporting information .21
9.4 Requirements and recommendations .21
9.4.1 General.21
9.4.2 Evaluation of Probabilistic Metric for random Hardware Failures (PMHF) .22
9.4.3 Evaluation of Each Cause of safety goal violation (EEC) .25
9.4.4 Verification review .29
9.5 Work products .30
10 Hardware integration and verification .30
10.1 Objectives.30
10.2 General .30
10.3 Inputs of this clause .30
10.3.1 Prerequisites .30
10.3.2 Further supporting information .30
10.4 Requirements and recommendations .30
10.5 Work products .32
Annex A (informative) Overview of and workflow of product development at the hardware level 33
Annex B (informative) Failure mode classification of a hardware element .36
Annex C (normative) Hardware architectural metrics .38
Annex D (informative) Evaluation of the diagnostic coverage .44
Annex E (informative) Example calculation of hardware architectural metrics:“single-point
fault metric” and “latent-fault metric” .66
Annex F (informative) Example for rationale that objectives of Clause 9 in accordance with
4.2 are met .75
Annex G (informative) Example of a PMHF budget assignment for an item consisting of two
systems .82
Annex H (informative) Example of latent fault handling .86
Bibliography .
...
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