ISO 8336:2009

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 8336
Second edition
2009-05-15
Fibre-cement flat sheets — Product
specification and test methods
Plaques planes en fibres-ciment — Spécification des produits et
méthodes d'essai
Reference number
©
ISO 2009
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ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 4
5 Requirements . 5
5.1 General. 5
5.2 Sheet classifications . 5
5.3 Composition and manufacture. 6
5.4 Appearance and finish . 6
5.5 Dimensions and tolerances . 6
5.6 Physical requirements and characteristics .9
5.7 Fire properties. 12
5.8 Product performance. 12
6 Evaluation of conformity. 12
6.1 General. 12
6.2 Type testing. 12
6.3 Quality control system . 14
6.4 Inspection of a consignment of finished products . 16
7 Test requirements. 16
7.1 General. 16
7.2 Dimensional and geometrical tests . 16
7.3 Physical performance tests . 16
8 Marking . 21
Annex A (normative) Consignment and inspection sampling. 22
Annex B (normative) Statistical method for determining the corresponding wet values or revised
dry specifications for the MOR when making the dry method of test or when tested prior
to coating for quality control purposes. 23
Annex C (normative) Dimensional measurement and geometrical testing procedure. 26
Annex D (normative) Test method for the determination of fibre-cement sheet modulus of rupture
(bending strength) . 30
Annex E (normative) Test method for the determination of the apparent density of fibre-cement
sheets. 34
Annex F (normative) Test method for the determination of moisture movement characteristic of
fibre-cement sheets. 36
Annex G (normative) Test method for the determination of water permeability of fibre-cement
sheets. 38
Annex H (normative) Test method for the evaluation of freeze-thaw performance of fibre-cement
sheets. 40
Annex I (normative) Test method for the evaluation of heat-rain performance of fibre-cement
sheets. 42
Annex J (normative) Test method for warm water evaluation of fibre-cement sheets. 44
Annex K (normative) Test method for soak-dry evaluation test of fibre-cement sheets. 46
Bibliography . 48
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 8336 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 77, Products in fibre reinforced cement.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8336:1993), which has been technically revised.
It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 8336:1993/Amd.1:2004 and the Technical Corrigendum
ISO 8336:1993/Cor.1:2005.
iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The purpose of this International Standard is to provide manufacturers and purchasers with uniform
requirements for fibre-cement flat sheet products. These requirements are performance based, and have
been specified with the objective of ensuring product quality, industry efficiency and the performance of the
product in service.
In the development of this International Standard the technical committee had as an objective, harmonization
where possible with other national fibre-cement standards (CEN, ASTM and JIS), to facilitate and promote
uniform performance benchmarks for the global use of fibre-cement products.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8336:2009(E)

Fibre-cement flat sheets — Product specification and test
methods
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies methods for the inspection and testing of fibre-cement flat sheets and
gives the acceptance conditions for their use in one or more of the following applications:
⎯ external wall and ceiling finishes;
⎯ internal wall and ceiling finishes;
⎯ internal and external backing sheets.
Products covered by this International Standard can be used for other purposes, provided they comply with
the appropriate national or international application code or standard.
NOTE 1 This International Standard does not apply to sheets for fire protection purposes.
NOTE 2 This International Standard does not include calculations for installation design requirements, wind uplift or
water proofing of the installed sheets.
NOTE 3 This International Standard does not apply to the following products:
⎯ boards of Portland or equivalent cement reinforced with fibrous wood particles;
⎯ fibre-reinforced boards of calcium silicate or cement for thermal insulation or fire protection;
⎯ sheets containing asbestos fibre reinforcement;
⎯ sheets containing steel fibre reinforcement;
⎯ fibre-cement roofing slates.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 390, Products in fibre-reinforced cement — Sampling and inspection
ISO 2602, Statistical interpretation of test results — Estimation of the mean — Confidence interval
ISO 2859-1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by
acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
ISO 3951 (all parts), Sampling procedures for inspection by variables
ISO 9001, Quality management systems — Requirements
ISO 12572, Hygrothermal performance of building materials and products — Determination of water vapour
transmission properties
ISO 13787, Thermal insulation products for building equipment and industrial installations — Determination of
declared thermal conductivity
ANSI A118.1, Specification for Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar
ANSI A118.4, Specification for Latex-Portland Cement Mortar
ANSI A136.1, Organic Adhesives for Installation of Ceramic Tile
ASTM G21, Standard Practice for determining Resistance of Synthetic Polymeric Materials to Fungi
ASTM D1037, Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel
Materials
ASTM E84, Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
acceptance test
test to establish whether a batch of sheets conforms to a specification
NOTE 1 The test is performed on samples drawn from continuous production or from a consignment (ISO 390).
NOTE 2 Test methods, specifications and limit values are specified in this International Standard. Sampling levels and
acceptance criteria are specified in Clause 6.
3.2
type test
test carried out to demonstrate conformity with the requirements of this International Standard or for the
approval of a new product and/or when a fundamental change is made in formulation and/or method of
manufacture, the effects of which cannot be predicted on the basis of previous experience
NOTE The test is performed on the as delivered product, but is not required for each production batch.
3.3
acceptable quality level
AQL
maximum percent defective (or maximum number of defects per 100 units) which can be considered
satisfactory as a long-term average quality level in a sampling plan
NOTE When a manufacturer’s process satisfies a sampling scheme with an AQL of 4 % this indicates that 96 % of
the inspected product exceeds the specification. This type of specification provides the consumer with a clearly defined
lower quality boundary; this does not occur if acceptance is based solely on the average value of the measured property.
Examples of sampling schemes can be found in ISO 390, ISO 2859-1, or ISO 3951.
3.4
apparent density
dry weight/unit volume based upon the volume of the sample determined by water displacement or equivalent
NOTE This is an average density of the material as delivered coated or uncoated.
2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

3.5
as delivered
same condition as the producer intends to supply the product after completing all aspects of the process
including maturing and, when appropriate, painting
3.6
upper face
face normally exposed
3.7
under face
reverse of upper face
3.8
textured sheets
sheets which have a relief pattern which is either embossed on or applied to the upper face as a coating
3.9
reinforcement fibre
organic, and/or inorganic reinforcement fibres for the manufacture of fibre-cement sheets complying with this
International Standard
See 5.3.2.
3.10
small-sized sheets
sheet for which the method of installation includes horizontal overlap
NOTE Their dimensions are generally such that they have an area of < 0,4 m and a length/width ratio of u 3.
3.11
large-sized sheet
sheets that do not correspond to indicators for “small-sized sheets”
NOTE Large sheets can be declared as “small-sized sheets” provided tolerances for small-sized sheets apply and
are specified in the manufacturer’s literature.
3.12
planks
category A sheet having an aspect ratio of > 7 normally used as horizontal overlapping wall covering
3.13
aspect ratio
ratio of the sheet length to the sheet width
3.14
modulus of rupture
maximum load/unit area of cross section at breaking, under flexural loading conditions
NOTE The modulus of rupture is referred to as the bending strength or flexural strength in some countries.
3.15
factory production control
quality control is referred to as factory production control (FPC) in some countries
3.16
ambient laboratory conditions
(23 ± 10)°C and (50 ± 20) % relative humidity
4 Symbols and abbreviations
a Nominal length or width of sheet, expressed in millimetres
b 1. Dimension of the specimen (length or width) measured parallel to the test machine supports,
expressed in millimetres
2. One of the coefficients of the regression line (see Annex B)
d Apparent density of the sheet, expressed in grams per cubic centimetre
e Thickness of sheet, expressed in millimetres
F Breaking load, modulus of rupture test, expressed in newtons
l Length, expressed in millimetres
L Length of moisture movement specimen, expressed in millimetres
m
l Span between support centres in modulus of rupture test, expressed in millimetres
s
m Mass of the specimen after drying, expressed in grams
MOR Modulus of rupture, expressed in megapascals
th
MOR Modulus of rupture of i exposed specimen after the type test
fi
th
MOR Modulus of rupture of i unexposed reference specimen
fci
th
MOR Individual ratio of the modulus of rupture of the i pair of exposed and unexposed specimens
i
n Number of paired specimens
R Average ratio of the modulus of rupture of exposed and unexposed specimens
R Lower estimate of the mean of the ratios at 95 % confidence level of the modulus of rupture of
L
exposed and unexposed specimens
s Standard deviation of the values in the appropriate calculation
µ Water vapour transmission value
λ Thermal conductivity
V Volume of specimen, expressed in cubic centimetres
w Width, expressed in millimetres
th
x Individual value of the i specimen tested dry
i
x Minimum value to be used as the specification for the dry test method of test. This value is calculated
std
at the 97,5% lower confidence level from the value specified for the wet method of test (see Annex B)
x Actual result obtained when dry testing (see Annex B)
x Mean value of x for i = 1 to n
i
th
y Individual value of the i specimen tested wet
i
4 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

y Minimum value specified in the standard for wet testing (see Annex B)
std
y Value calculated from the value obtained from a specimen tested dry, which is the estimate at the
97,5 % lower confidence level of the value expected from a specimen tested wet (see Annex B)
y Mean value of y for i = 1 to n
i
NT New Technology (European term for asbestos-free fibre-cement products)
5 Requirements
5.1 General
Sheets covered by this International Standard are divided into three categories, A, B, and C, according to their
application. Within these categories there are five classes based upon minimum modulus of rupture
performance (see 5.6.1). The dimensional sizes are based upon the installation requirements (see 5.5.1 and
5.5.2). They may be supplied coated or uncoated.
Dimensional tolerances are specified for two levels of product quality, Level I and Level II, which are selected
according to the installation requirements of the product.
NOTE When selecting a sheet product for a particular building application, consideration is given to the sheet
category.
Table 1 gives information concerning the sheet category which should be selected for various typical building
applications.
Table 1 — Sheet applications and categories
Application Category
Façades A
Lap siding (planks) or cladding A
Backing for tile façade A
Sub-flooring (external) A
Soffits (eaves lining) B
External backing for render or cladding B
Rigid underlay for roofs or walls B
Formwork or shuttering B
Backing for internal wall or floor tiles C
Ceiling linings C
Interior substrate for walls for paint or wallpaper finish C
Sub-flooring (internal) C
NOTE This table gives examples of common building applications. Other applications can be agreed upon by the
manufacturer and the purchaser.
5.2 Sheet classifications
5.2.1 Category A
Sheets are intended for exterior applications where they may be subjected to the direct action of sun, rain,
frost or snow. They may be supplied coated or uncoated.
5.2.2 Category B
Sheets are intended for applications where they may be subjected to heat, moisture and occasional frost, e.g.
where they are either protected from or not subjected to severe weathering conditions.
5.2.3 Category C
Sheets are intended for internal applications, such as interior walls, floors, tile underlayment and backer
board, where they may be subjected to heat and moisture, but not to frost.
5.3 Composition and manufacture
5.3.1 General
Fibre cement flat sheets shall consist essentially of cement or a calcium silicate formed by the chemical
reaction of a siliceous and a calcareous material, reinforced by fibres (see 3.9). Process aids, fillers,
aggregates and pigments which are compatible with fibre-reinforced cement may be added.
5.3.2 Reinforcement
Reinforcement shall be one or a combination of the following materials:
a) cellulose fibre;
b) synthetic organic or inorganic fibre;
c) glass fibre.
These materials may have one or more of the following forms:
⎯ discrete elements randomly dispersed;
⎯ continuous strands.
5.3.3 Cement
The cement shall comply with the relevant national standards in the country of manufacture.
5.3.4 Manufacture
These products may be formed either with or without pressure and cured, under either natural or accelerated
conditions, to meet the physical requirements specified in this International Standard.
5.4 Appearance and finish
The upper face (3.6) of the sheet can be with or without texture. The sheets can be coloured or left in their
natural colour. The sheets can also receive coatings such as sealers, primers, and/or finished top coats.
Variations of the surface appearance which do not impair the fitness for purpose of the sheets are permitted.
5.5 Dimensions and tolerances
5.5.1 Nominal length and width
The manufacturer shall specify the nominal lengths and widths of the fibre-cement sheets.
6 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

5.5.2 Thickness
The manufacturer shall specify the nominal thicknesses of the sheets. For non-textured sheets the nominal
thickness refers to the average thickness. For textured sheets the nominal thickness refers to the maximum
thickness.
NOTE The nominal thickness of textured sheets cannot be used for the calculation of mechanical performance.
5.5.3 Tolerances on nominal dimensions and shape
5.5.3.1 General
When measured, sheet dimensions and shapes shall be within the tolerance ranges specified in this clause,
except where alternative values have been agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer, or where
national standards specify alternative values.
5.5.3.2 Tolerances on length and width
Tolerances on nominal length and width dimensions, a, when measured in accordance with the procedure in
7.2 shall be in accordance with the values given in Table 2, for the appropriate level nominated for the
product.
Table 2 — Tolerances on nominal length and width dimensions
for levels I and II
Nominal dimension Tolerance
a
a
Level I Level II
mm
a u 600
± 3 mm ± 4 mm
600 < a u 1 000
± 3 mm ± 5 mm
1 000 < a u 1 600
± 0,3 % a ± 0,5 % a
1 600 < a ± 5 mm ± 8 mm
a
“a” is the nominal length or width.
5.5.3.3 Tolerances on thickness
5.5.3.3.1 Non-textured sheets
For sheets without a textured surface, the tolerances on the nominal thickness, e, when measured in
accordance with 7.2 shall comply with Table 3. The maximum difference between extreme values of the
thickness measurements within one sheet shall not exceed 10 % of the maximum measured value.
Table 3 — Tolerances on nominal thickness for non-textured sheets
Thickness Tolerance
mm
e u 6
± 0,6 mm
6 < e u 20
± 10 % e
e > 20 ± 2 mm
5.5.3.3.2 Textured sheets
For sheets with a textured surface, the tolerances on the nominal thickness, e, when measured in accordance
with 7.2 shall comply with Table 4. The maximum difference between extreme values of the eight thickness
measurements within one sheet shall not exceed 15 % of the maximum measured value.
Table 4 — Tolerances on nominal thickness for textured sheets
Thickness Tolerance
mm
e u 6
− 0,6 mm + 0,9 mm
6 < e u 20
− 10 % e + 15 % e
e > 20 − 2 mm + 3 mm
5.5.3.4 Tolerances on shape
5.5.3.4.1 General
When measured for straightness and squareness of edges, sheets shall comply with the requirements given
in clauses 5.5.3.4.2 and 5.5.3.4.3, respectively. Edge straightness tolerances are only applicable to large-
sized sheets.
5.5.3.4.2 Straightness of edges
When measured in accordance with 7.2, the tolerances on the straightness of edges, defined as a percentage
of the length of the edge of the relevant dimension (length or width), shall be in accordance with Table 5 for
the appropriate level, I or II.
Table 5 — Tolerances on straightness of edges
Level I Level II
u 0,1 % u 0,3 %
5.5.3.4.3 Squareness of edges
The tolerances on the squareness of edges of sheets measured in accordance with 7.2 shall be in accordance
with Table 6 for the appropriate level, I or II.
8 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Table 6 — Tolerances on squareness of edges
Level I Level II
u 0,2 % u 0,4 %
5.6 Physical requirements and characteristics
5.6.1 General
Compliance with this International Standard requires that the sheets satisfy the prescribed minimum physical
or mechanical performance requirements, according to their category and class, as listed in Table 7. These
properties are determined on as delivered sheets. Test results shall identify whether they apply to coated or
uncoated sheets.
Table 7 — Minimum physical test requirements
Minimum test performance requirement
Test
Category A Category B Category C
Physical property Test method
requirements
(Saturated (Saturated (Ambient
condition) condition) condition)
Density See 5.6.3 See 5.6.3 See 5.6.3 See 7.3.2 Annex E
Modulus of rupture
Class 1 4 MPa 4 MPa 4 MPa
Class 2 7 MPa 7 MPa 7 MPa
See 7.3.1 Annex C
Class 3 13 MPa 13 MPa 10 MPa
Class 4 18 MPa 18 MPa 16 MPa
Class 5 24 MPa 24 MPa 22 MPa
NOTE 1 Values stated in this table are the minimum values at 4 % AQL. Minimum value (4 %AQL) for this property is to be declared
by the manufacturer.
NOTE 2 For acceptance testing, use 4 % AQL values.
NOTE 3 For initial type testing, where production variance is not yet known, an estimate of the mean MOR at the 95 % confidence
level is calculated to determine the class. (See D.6)
5.6.2 Modulus of rupture
When tested as specified in 7.3.1, using the test method given in Annex D, the minimum modulus of rupture
(MOR) of the sheets expressed in megapascals shall be as specified in Table 7. The MOR shall be the
average of the values obtained from testing the samples in both directions.
The MOR of the sheets in the weaker direction shall not be less than 70 % of the value specified in Table 7
(this is not applicable for plank products) .
NOTE For textured sheets, the MOR is not used for calculating mechanical performance.
5.6.3 Apparent density
The manufacturer’s literature shall specify the minimum apparent density for each category of sheet
manufactured. When tested in accordance with 7.3.2, using the test method given in Annex E, the apparent
density shall not be less than the specified value.
5.6.4 Moisture movement
The manufacturer’s literature shall state the percentage value of lineal sheet moisture movement measured
when the sheet is exposed to a relative humidity change from 30 % to 90 %. The stated value shall be
determined in accordance with 7.3.3 using the test method given in Annex F. For category C sheets, this shall
be u 0,07 %.
NOTE Some national testing methods and performance requirements for moisture movement will differ from those
given in this International Standard.
5.6.5 Water permeability
Category A, B, and C sheets, when tested for water permeability in accordance with 7.3.4, using the test
method given in Annex G, may exhibit traces of moisture on the underside of the sheet, but in no instance
shall there be any formation of water drops.
NOTE Some national testing methods and performance requirements for water permeability will differ from those
given in this International Standard.
5.6.6 Water vapour transmission
The manufacturer’s literature may state the value for the water vapour transmission, µ. An example of a
suitable test method is ISO 12572.
5.6.7 Thermal conductivity
The manufacturer’s literature may state the value for the thermal conductivity, λ. An example of a suitable test
method is ISO 13787.
5.6.8 Freeze-thaw performance
When tested in accordance with 7.3.5, using the test method given in Annex H, the ratio of the lower estimate
mean values of the modulus of ruptures for the exposed and unexposed specimens, determined at the 95 %
confidence levels, R , shall not be less than 0,8.
L
NOTE 1 The number of freeze-thaw test cycles required varies according to category of sheet (see Table 9).
NOTE 2 In countries of product use where there are, under normal circumstances, never or only occasionally
temperatures below 0 °C, determination of freeze-thaw performance is not necessary.
NOTE 3 This is not a performance requirement for category C sheets.
5.6.9 Heat-rain performance
When tested in accordance with 7.3.6, using the test method given in Annex I, any visible cracks,
delamination, warping or bowing or other defects in the sheet shall not be sufficient to affect their in-use
performance.
a) Water tightness is assessed according to 5.6.5;
b) Warping and bowing are visually assessed.
NOTE 1 The number of heat test cycles required varies according to category of sheet (see Table 9).
NOTE 2 This is not a performance requirement for category C sheets.
10 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

5.6.10 Warm water performance
When tested in accordance with 7.3.7, using the test method given in Annex J, the ratio of the lower estimate
mean values of the modulus of rupture for the exposed and unexposed specimens, determined at the 95 %
confidence levels, R , shall not be less than 0,8.
L
This test applies to all sheet categories.
5.6.11 Soak-dry performance
When tested in accordance with 7.3.8, using the test method given in Annex K, the ratio of the lower estimate
mean values of the modulus of rupture for the exposed and unexposed specimens, determined at the 95 %
confidence levels, R , shall not be less than 0,75.
L
This test applies to all sheet categories.
NOTE The number of soak-dry test cycles required varies according to category of sheet (see Table 9).
5.6.12 Resistance to mould growth
When resistance to mould growth is to be demonstrated to the purchaser or specifier, the product shall satisfy
the minimum performance requirements when tested using a method approved in the country of application.
Where no standard or performance requirement has been established, the product, without decoration, shall
be tested in accordance with ASTM G21 and the mould growth shall not exceed the value of 1, as specified by
ASTM G21, 9.3.
5.6.13 Resistance to nail head pull-through
When minimum performance requirements for resistance against sheet fastening nail head pull-through is to
be demonstrated to the purchaser or specifier, the product shall satisfy the minimum performance
requirements when tested using a method approved in the country of application. Where no standard or
performance requirement has been established, the 6 mm thick product shall have a minimum saturated nail
head pull-through resistance of 400 N when tested in accordance with ASTM D1037 under the conditions
given in 7.3.10.
NOTE Sheets of thickness greater than 6 mm shall also satisfy this requirement.
5.6.14 Saturated shear bond performance
When the minimum saturated interlaminar sheet shear bond strength is to be demonstrated to the purchaser
or specifier, the product shall satisfy the minimum performance requirements when tested using a method
approved in the country of application. The saturated condition is as defined in this International Standard.
Where no standard or performance requirement has been established, the product shall be tested in
accordance with the method given in either ANSI A118.1, ANSI A118.4 or ANSI A136.1, using sheets of
material bonded together with the specified adhesive. The minimum shear bond strength after 7 days of
adhesive curing shall be 345 kPa.
5.6.15 Surface burning characteristics
When specific limitations on surface burning characteristics are required to satisfy national performance
requirements, testing shall be conducted using the method approved in the country of application. Where no
standard or performance requirement has been established, fibre-cement sheets of 6 mm thickness shall have
a reported flame spread index of 0, and a smoke developed index of not more than 5, when tested in
accordance with ASTM E84. Sheets of thicknesses greater than 6 mm shall meet this requirement or shall be
formed at 6mm thickness with the same formulation for test purposes.
5.7 Fire properties
For the purpose of conformity with national regulations, products may be required to satisfy specific product or
system fire tests. The details of the specifications and acceptance criteria shall be defined by national
standards and/or regulations.
5.8 Product performance
The sheet categories defined in this International Standard (see 5.2) can not be considered to give an
indication of the service life of the product. Product service life will be influenced by factors such as the
geographical location, location of product on structure, type and method of installation and applied surface
coatings. This International Standard only defines minimum physical performance requirements and does not
prescribe sheet material formulations. Therefore, presumption that the service life of sheets of similar
category, made by various manufacturers will be similar cannot be made. Service life can only be estimated
for clearly specified product applications and products in defined climate zones. (Reference should be made
to ISO 15686-8 to obtain further information regarding service life prediction.)
6 Evaluation of conformity
6.1 General
The conformity of products with the requirements of this International Standard shall be demonstrated by:
⎯ type testing;
⎯ factory production control by the manufacturer.
6.2 Type testing
6.2.1 General
Type tests shall be carried out on as delivered sheets. If the same composition and production method is used
to produce sheets of various nominal sizes and thicknesses, type tests only need to be conducted on the
maximum and minimum thicknesses. If the ratio of the maximum to minimum thickness is greater than three
an additional intermediate thickness shall be tested.
All product characteristics listed in Table 8 shall be subjected to initial type testing. The type tests relevant to
each category are listed in Table 9.
Testing of mechanical characteristics is normally carried out with the upper face in compression. If a
relationship between the upper and under face testing values is required for design purposes, or because a
significant difference in values is expected, the load shall be applied to the upper and under face.
12 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Table 8 — Number of samples and compliance criteria
Characteristic Requirement Assessment Number of samples Compliance
method criteria
Inspection S in
Dimensional conformity 5.5.3 7.2 5.5.3
accordance
with ISO 390
Inspection S in
3 5.6.1 Table 7
Modulus of rupture
5.6.2 7.3.1
accordance
apply 4 % AQL
with ISO 390
Inspection by variables;
Density 5.6.3 7.3.2 5.6.3
method σ or s
Moisture movement 5.6.4 7.3.3 3 test sheets 5.6.4
Water permeability 5.6.5 7.3.4 3 test sheets 5.6.5
Water vapour transmission
5.6.6 ISO 12572 3 test sheets 5.6.6
Thermal conductivity
5.6.7 ISO 13787 3 test sheets 5.6.7
Freeze-thaw performance 5.6.8 7.3.5 10 samples 5.6.8
Heat-rain performance 5.6.9 7.3.6 Minimum of 3.5 sq m 5.6.9
Warm water performance
5.6.10 7.3.7 10 samples 5.6.10
Soak-dry performance
5.6.11 7.3.8 10 samples 5.6.11
Resistance to mould 5.6.12 7.3.9 4 samples 5.6.12
Resistance to nail head pull-through 5.6.13 7.3.10 10 samples 5.6.13
Refer to appropriate
Saturated shear bond performance
5.6.14 7.3.11 5.6.14
ANSI document
6.2.2 Initial type testing
Initial type testing shall be performed to demonstrate conformity with this International Standard. Tests which
have been previously carried out, (on a product having the same physical characteristics and satisfying similar
conformity requirements), using the same test method and sampling procedure specified in this International
Standard, may be taken into account.
Additional type testing shall be carried out for the approval of a new product or where a fundamental change
in formulation or method of manufacture creates effects which cannot be predicted on the basis of previous
experience.
For initial type testing, where production variance is not yet known, an estimate of the average characteristic
at the 95 % confidence level shall be calculated to determine the class.
The results of all type tests shall be recorded and held by the manufacturer for at least 5 years.
6.2.3 Further type testing
Whenever a change in the fibre-cement sheet design, the raw material or supplier of components, or the
production process occurs, which would significantly change one or more of the sheet characteristics, the type
test shall be performed for the appropriate characteristic(s).
Table 9 — Type testing and property evaluation test requirements
Minimum test performance requirement
Physical property Test condition Test method
Category A Category B Category C
See Notes 1 See Notes 1 See Notes 1
and 3 and 3 and 3
Moisture movement 7.3.3 Annex F
5.6.4 5.6.4 5.6.4
Test required Test required Test required
Water permeability 5.6.5 5.6.5 5.6.5 7.3.4 Annex G
See Note 3 See Note 3 See Note 3
5.6.6 5.6.6 ISO 12572 ISO 12572
Water vapour
Not required
transmission
See Note 4 See Note 4 Condition C Condition C
5.6.7 5.6.7 5.6.7
Thermal conductivity λ ISO 13787 ISO 13787
See Note 4 See Note 4 See Note 4
Test required Test required
Freeze-thaw performance 100 cycles 25 cycles Not required 7.3.5 Annex H
5.6.8 5.6.8
Test required Test required
Heat-rain performance 50 cycles 25 cycles Not required 7.3.6 Annex I
5.6.9 5.6.9
Test required Test required Test required 56 ± 2 days
Warm water performance Annex J
5.6.10 5.6.10 5.6.10 7.3.7
Test required Test required Test required
Soak-dry performance 50 cycles 25 cycles 25 cycles 7.3.8 Annex K
5.6.11 5.6.11 5.6.11
5.6.12 7.3.9
Resistance to mould Not required Not required ASTM G21
See Note 4 7.3.11
5.6.13 5.6.13
Resistance to nail head
Not required 7.3.10 ASTM D1037
pull-through
See Note 4 See Note 4
See Note 4 See Note 4
ANSI A118.1 ANSI A118.1
Saturated shear bond
345 kPa 345 kPa
Not required or ANSI A118.4 ANSI A118.4
performance
(7-day shear (7-day shear
or ANSI A136.1 ANSI A136.1
strength) strength)
NOTE 1 Minimum value for this property is declared by the manufacturer.
NOTE 2 The manufacturer states the value measured.
NOTE 3 Some national testing methods and performance requirements for water permeability and moisture movement can differ from
those given in this International Standard.
NOTE 4 It is possible for national building codes or standards to require this physical property to be stated by the manufacturer. The
value is determined using either the test method specified or a method satisfying the requirements of that national code.
6.3 Quality control system
6.3.1 General
The manufacturer shall establish and maintain a documented quality management system which ensures that
the products placed into the market conform to the stated performance characteristics. The quality control
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(QC) system shall consist of procedures, regular inspections and tests and/or assessments of the incoming
materials, components, manufacturing equipment, manufacturing process and the product.
A manufacturer with a quality management system satisfying ISO 9001 is considered to meet the above
requirements. The results of inspections, tests or assessments which require action shall be recorded together
with the remedial action taken.
6.3.2 Acceptance tests
The specifications of acceptance tests apply to the product as delivered, but some of the tests may be
completed at an earlier stage of maturity.
Sampling from continuous production testing of the base sheet prior to coating, and/or in conditions other than
those listed in Table 8, is acceptable provided that it is statistically established (see Annex B) that compliance
with the requirements in Table 8 is achieved.
Acceptance tests can also be used to confirm that a batch of sheets conforms to this International Standard,
for example in conjunction with type tests or for receiving inspection.
The tests include:
⎯ measurement of dimensions, such as length, width and thickness (method specified in Annex C);
⎯ measurement of apparent density (method specified in Annex E);
⎯ measurement of mechanical characteristics, such as bending strength (method specified in Annex D).
Each limit of specification, for the characteristics in Table 10, shall be subject to an AQL of 4 %. The sampling
schemes provided in ISO 390, with an AQL of 4 % and with an inspection level of S , ensure that for large
batches approximately 95 % of the items satisfy the requirements.
6.3.3 Equipment
All weighing, measuring and testing equipment shall be calibrated and regularly inspected according to
documented procedures, frequencies and criteria.
6.3.4 Raw materials and components
The specification of all incoming raw materials and components shall be documented, as shall the inspection
scheme for ensuring conformity.
Table 10 — Minimum sampling schemes
ISO 2859-1
Length and width Inspection by attributes
Thickness Double sampling
Straightness of edges AQL 4 %
Squareness of edges Level S
ISO 3951
Apparent density Inspection by variables; method σ or s
Bending strength AQL 4 %
Level S
6.3.5 Product testing and evaluation
The manufacturer shall establish procedures to ensure that the stated values of all the characteristics are
maintained.
6.3.6 Non-conforming products
Non-conforming products shall be separated and handled according to documented procedures.
6.4 Inspection of a consignment of finished products
Inspection of a consignment of
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