ISO/IEC 15944-10:2023

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
DRAFT
STANDARD FDIS
15944-10
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32
Information technology — Business
Secretariat: ANSI
operational view —
Voting begins on:
2023-03-10
Part 10:
Voting terminates on:
IT-enabled coded domains as semantic
2023-05-05
components in business transactions
Technologies de l'information — Vue opérationnelle d'affaires —
Partie 10: Domaines codés activés comme composantes sémantiques
dans les transactions d'affaires
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO/IEC 2023

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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
DRAFT
STANDARD FDIS
15944-10
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32
Information technology — Business
Secretariat: ANSI
operational view —
Voting begins on:
Part 10:
Voting terminates on:
IT-enabled coded domains as semantic
components in business transactions
Technologies de l'information — Vue opérationnelle d'affaires —
Partie 10: Domaines codés activés comme composantes sémantiques
dans les transactions d'affaires
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
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OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
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THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
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DOCUMENTATION.
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IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/IEC FDIS 15944­10:2023(E)
Website: www.iso.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN­
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
ii
  © ISO/IEC 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO/IEC 2023

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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms .27
5 Fundamental principles governing coded domains .28
5.1 General .28
5.2 Need to be able to use coded domains in support of commitment exchange .30
5.3 Coded domains based on clear, predefined rules, i.e. “rule-based” . 31
5.3.1 Requirements of rule-based coded domains as a whole . 31
5.3.2 Rule­base for IT enablement of a coded domain . 33
5.3.3 Rule­base for structuring a coded domain . 33
5.4 Separation of the IT interface from human interface requirements .34
5.5 Specification and representation of coded domains in an IT-platform neutral
manner . 35
6 Business operational view identification and description of coded domains .36
6.1 Construct of coded domain .36
6.1.1 Identification of coded domains .36
6.1.2 Levels of semantic unambiguity .38
6.1.3 Rule­base of a coded domain .38
6.1.4 Table of ID codes and HIEs . 39
6.2 Characteristics of coded domains . 39
6.2.1 “for free” or “for a fee” coded domains .39
6.2.2 Exhaustiveness of coded domains .39
6.2.3 Semantic granularity .40
6.2.4 Openness of coded domains . 41
7 Rules governing rule-base of coded domains .41
7.1 General . 41
7.2 Specification of a boundary of a coded domain and inclusion of its members . 43
7.3 Specification of exclusionary rules for a coded domain .44
7.4 Source(s) of rule­base governing a coded domain .44
8 Rules for management of ID codes in coded domains . 44
8.1 Overview .44
8.2 Generic rules for the management of a coded domain . 45
8.3 Rules governing assignment of ID codes . 45
8.4 Rules governing the change management of entries in the coded domain .46
8.4.1 Change management of ID codes .46
8.4.2 Change management of HIEs . 47
8.5 Registration of user extensions . 47
9 Rules for specifying Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) to an ID Code in a coded
domain .47
9.1 Multiple Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) for an ID code in a coded domain . 47
9.2 Standard structure for semantics of a Human Interface Equivalent (HIE).48
9.3 Rules governing linguistic (written) representations as Human Interface
Equivalents (HIEs) of ID codes as required values in coded domains .49
9.4 Individual accessibility of HIEs of coded domains .49
9.5 Rules governing composite semantics .50
10 Coded domains and controlled vocabularies .50
10.1 Purpose . 50
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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
10.2 Rules common to controlled vocabularies and coded domains . 51
10.3 Rules governing a controlled vocabulary . 51
10.4 Rules governing a coded domain. 52
11 Rules governing the registration of coded domains as re-usable business objects .53
11.1 Principles of registration .53
11.2 Process of registration .54
11.3 Coded Domain Registration schema .54
12 IT-enablement of coded domains .55
12.1 Purpose . 55
12.2 Templates for IT­enabled coded domains — Attributes for Scoping an Open­edi
scenario (OeS) . 55
12.2.1 Purpose . 55
12.2.2 Template structure and content . 55
12.3 Template for Scoping Open­edi scenarios .56
12.4 Specification and consolidated template of attributes of Open-edi scenarios, roles,
information bundles (IBs) and semantic components (SCs) .63
Annex A (normative) Coded domain registration administration attributes .70
Annex B (normative) Use of IT-enabled coded domains to ensure semantic interoperability
in support of the “UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” .74
Annex C (informative) Concept and definition of “coded domain” .76
Annex D (informative) Case Study: Example of “e-potato” .81
Annex E (informative) Case study: Example of a coded domain with two writing systems
for Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) of a set of ID codes - in Russian use of the
Cyrillic alphabet and the romanized form .83
Annex F (informative) Case study: Example of coded domain in Matrix form and XML
format as found in Table 2 in ISO/IEC 5218 “Codes representing the human sexes” .84
Annex G (informative) Determining whether the membership in a coded domain is
exhaustive or non-exhaustive .96
Annex H (informative) Examples of identification of different object classes within a coded
domain through the use of semantic qualifiers . 101
Annex I (informative) Exclusions and aspects not currently addressed to the scope . 108
Bibliography .110
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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non­governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria
needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in
accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or
www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents) or the IEC
list of patent declarations received (see https://patents.iec.ch).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. In the IEC, see www.iec.ch/understanding­standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 32, Data management and interchange.
This second edition cancels and replaced the first edition (ISO/IEC 15944-10:2013), of which it
constitutes a minor revision.
The changes are as follows:
— Clause 1 (Scope) has been amended to move the detailed description of "Exclusions" and "Aspects
not currently addressed" to a separate informative annex;
— entries in Clause 2 and Clause 3 have been removed to be more conformant to ISO Directives;
— definitions in Clause 3 have been updated to be aligned with other referenced source definitions;
— clauses and annexes have been aligned to changes in ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2;
— minor edits of a temporal nature with respect to dated references, changes in URLs referenced,
minor edits, change of font to Cambria, as well as application of the new “ISO House Style”, etc.
A list of all parts in the ISO/IEC 15944 series can be found on the ISO and IEC websites.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
www.iec.ch/national­committees.
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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
Introduction
0.1  Overview of purpose and nature of coded domains
Coded domains already exist in ISO/IEC 15944 series eBusiness standards, especially ISO/IEC 15944-1,
ISO/IEC 15944-2, ISO/IEC 15944-5 and ISO/IEC 15944-8. There are also widely used standards,
specifications, authority files, etc., of a “codes representing X” nature used in business transactions
involving the making of (legally-binding) commitments, based on common business practices, and doing
so in an IT-enabled manner. The primary purpose of this document is to provide an integrated approach,
methodology and tool in a single consolidated document the key concepts and their definitions as well
as rules pertaining to coded domains.
This document supports all three strategic directions for standards development of ISO/IEC JTC1:
namely “portability”, “interoperability”, and “cultural adaptability”.
1)
Within an Open-edi context (based on the ISO/IEC 14662 “Open-edi reference model” ), business
transactions are viewed from both a Business Operational View (BOV) and the Functional Services
View (FSV). ISO/IEC 15944 focuses on the many requirements of the business operational view aspects
of Open-edi in support of electronic business transactions. The primary aspect which distinguishes
and differentiates “Open-edi” (and ISO/IEC 14662 Open-edi Reference Model compliant standards) is
that they are developed to be able to support the making of commitments among autonomous parties.
This requires that the set(s) of recorded (SRIs) information interchanged in the form of Information
Bundles (IBs) as well as Semantic Components (SCs), which form part of an IB, are not only IT-enabled
and IT-platform neutral. It is especially important that, where these semantics are captured, recorded,
referenced and used via a specified coded domain, these are communicated in a very precise and in an
“unambiguous” manner, i.e. at the “level of certainty and explicitness required” to support the goal of
the commitment exchange forming the goal of the business transaction.
In addition, the following Open-edi requirements need to be supported:
a) need for unambiguity in commitment exchange applies especially to semantics of the data
interchanged among the parties concerned;
b) ensure as high a degree of data integrity of the semantics of the data interchanged;
c) maximize an IT-enabled approach;
d) maximize granularity and flexibility.
Given the fact that in Open-edi there are many differing internal and external constraints as well as the
wide variety of applications and sectors, it is important that the recorded information interchanged
among the parties concerned be as “granular” and precise as possible. Here “coded domains” serve
as flexible “lego blocks” from which data values can be retrieved and used as unambiguous semantic
components.
The concept of “coded domain” is unique in the context of an Open-edi approach and has been defined in
an ISO/IEC 15944 context. This concept and its definition represent an approach, methodology and tool
which is needed to support appropriate level of unambiguity of (electronic) data interchange needed
to support. The concept of “coded domain” covers several perspectives. For the definition, see entry
“D033” in ISO/IEC 15944-7:2009 and ISO/IEC 15944-7:2009, 5.3.2.
1) Business and information (modelling) perspective, i.e., those of users and the BOVs;
rd
1) ISO/IEC 14662(E/F) is an English/French, side-by-side, International Standard. Its 2010 3 edition has become
a stabilized standard and is now also an ISO/IEC declared “horizontal” standard, i.e., one serving as a base standard for
those developing standards in the various fields of EDI, including eBusiness. The stabilized status of ISO/IEC 14662
st
was re-affirmed for another 10 years by ISO/IEC JTC1 in 2021. ISO/IEC 14662 has since its 1997 1 edition been an
ISO/SO freely available standard. [See further https://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/index.html
]
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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
2) IT modelling perspectives such as:
a) Entity-relationship modelling where a coded domain is viewed as an entity type functioning as
a “domain”; and,
b) Object-oriented modelling where a coded domain is viewed as an “object class”.
3) An information science (information management, library, records management, etc.) perspective
where coded domains are viewed as “schedules”, “authority files”, “tables” (which one at
times “attaches” to a concept/term thesauri (or indexing/classification schemes of “instance
relationships”;
4) An electronic data interchange perspective where coded domains are known as “code sets” i.e., a
set of codes representing “xyz”. (pop-ups choices in a data entry module); and,
5) Application and implementation perspective (and physical data model) where coded domains are
commonly known as (edi) tables (or reference tables).
The term “coded domain” is introduced to differentiate Open-edi, BOV and e-Business requirements
from various other concepts and associated terms such as generic (encodable) value domains,
“enumerated domains”, code sets, which appear to be similar in nature similar in nature in ISO
standards. (See Annex C for more detailed information).
In addition, a key purpose of this document is to ensure that at the granular level as much information
is made available about a semantic component, at whatever level of granularity as is required to ensure
unambiguity in a commitment exchange.
Another key purpose of this document is to maximize the level of “intelligence” at the highest most
precise level, i.e., that of the actual data values being interchanged. Here, use of coded domains presents
a simple and pragmatic approach. No “expert system”, intelligent interface, use of heuristics, etc., can
metamorphose “dumb” fuzzy data into unambiguous data values which are precise enough to be able
to serve as EDI IBs or SCs in support of the making of commitments as actualized in a instantiated
business transaction. On the other hand, “smart data” within an intelligent structure, i.e., as part of a
coded domain, can not only stand on its own but also be much simpler, precise, easier to reference and
use.
This approach at the data element level focuses on the development of intelligently coded data elements
as part of coded domains. This involves rule-based, structured and pre-defined values whose purpose
and use has been stated clearly and unambiguously (hereby facilitating an IT-enabled approach).
0.2 Benefits of the use of coded domains
The benefits of using the construct, methodology and implementation of “coded domains”, in compliance
with this document, presented below include (in no order of importance):
1) maximizing if not ensuring unambiguity in semantics among parties to a commitment exchange
instantiated as a business transaction;
2) ensuring ability to support Human Interface Equivalencies (HIEs) in support of multilingualism
and individual accessibility requirements;
3) maximize a total quality management (TQM) approach for data integrity control and
trustworthiness and quality assurance;
4) maximize exchange ability of data among Persons and their applications through computer-to-
computer electronic data interchange (EDI) among the IT-systems of the parties involved;
5) serve as a methodology and tool which its IT-neutral, i.e., ISO/IEC 15944-10 conformant “coded
domains” are completely independent of application software and IT-platforms used;
6) minimization of data entry costs and simplification data entry processes;
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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
7) enables more efficient and effective search, retrieval and use of recorded information (in multiple
languages);
8) significant minimization in costs and duplication of effort due to the inherent shareable nature of
coded domains;
9) increased efficiencies and cost reductions in both the internal operations of organizations and
public administrations as well as among them via EDI;
10) promotes modularity, re-usability of shared solutions supporting both paperless environments;
11) increased productivity, through reduction of common (non-competitive) costs at organizations and
public administrations as well as at the jurisdictional domain level; and,
12) serve as a methodology in support of the development of consensus building with respect to the
development of permitted values of a data element in support of the use of a semantic component in
2)
(electronic) data interchange (based on the Pareto principle ).
0.3 Identification, mapping and IT-enablement of existing standards for widely-used code sets
A coded domain consists of entries of “entities” which the responsible Source Authority (SA) has
decided to include into its “Set of codes representing X” for the specified and particular purpose for
which this SA has decided to establish and maintain the resulting “set of codes representing X” to be
used by its members. However, it is recognized that many “Persons” of different nature, i.e., either as
an “organization” and/or “public administration”, and at times, “individuals” as well use a “Set of codes
representing X” for a purpose and in a context which is quite different from that of the purpose and use
of the Source Authority which created and maintains that “Set of Codes representing X”.
Two primary examples here are ISO 3166-1 and ISO 3166-2 and ISO 4217 which from an “object class”
methodology perspective contain several distinct object classes (see the ISO/IEC definition for “object
class” from ISO/IEC 11179-1:2023, 3.31 (as referenced as entry “D147” in ISO/IEC 15944-7 and so used
in all parts of the ISO/IEC 15944 series where applicable including in this document as found in 3.94).
Annex H provides further information on these two examples via the use of a “semantic qualifier”.
In this document, there is frequent use of the phrase “set of codes representing X”. This is because there
are many existing and widely used sets of codes which need to be converted into “coded domains” from
an Open-edi, eBusiness, commitment exchange, etc., user perspective.
In an Open-edi and/or eBusiness context of the use of an actual values of SRIs, i.e. as instantiations,
that are intended to be used as “coded domains”, are already widely used in existing ISO, IEC, and ITU
standards in the form of a “codes representing X” nature, as well as those found in specifications of
differing industry sectors. These standards are managed and maintained by recognized authorities and
implemented in business practices. From an Open-edi and generic commitment exchange perspective
in general
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 15944-10
Second edition
2022-02-28



Information technology — Business
Operational View —
Part 10:
IT-enabled coded domains as semantic
components in business transactions
Technologies de l'information — Vue opérationnelle d'affaires —
Partie 10: Domaines codés activés comme composantes sémantiques
dans les transactions d'affaires







Reference number

ISO/IEC 15944-10:2022(E)
©
 ISO/IEC 2022

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ISO/IEC 15944-10:2022(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT


©  ISO/IEC 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission.
Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

© ISO/IEC 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32
Secretariat: ANSI
2023-02-23
Information technology — Business Operational View —
Part 10:
IT-enabled coded domains as semantic components in business transactions
Technologies de l'information — Vue opérationnelle d'affaires —
Partie 10: Domaines codés activés comme composantes sémantiques dans les transactions
d'affaires






Reference number

ISO/IEC 15944-10:2022(E)
©
 ISO/IEC 2022

1

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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
© ISO/IEC 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation,
no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet,
without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO Copyright Office
CP 401 • CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland.
ii © ISO/IEC 2023 – All rights reserved

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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
0.1 Overview of purpose and nature of coded domains . 5
0.2 Benefits of the use of coded domains . 6
0.3 Identification, mapping and IT-enablement of existing standards for widely-used
code sets . 7
0.4 Link to fundamental components in Business Transaction Model (BTM) . 9
0.5 IT-enabled and content predefined Semantic Components . 11
0.6 Coded domains as reusable business objects . 12
0.7 Use of "Person", "organization" and "party" in the context of business transaction
and commitment exchange . 13
0.8 Importance and role of terms and definitions . 14
0.9 Use of "identifier" as "identifier (in business transaction)" to prevent ambiguity . 15
0.10 Standard based on rules and guidelines . 16
0.11 Organization and description of document . 16
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 30
5 Fundamental principles governing coded domains. 30
5.1 General . 30
5.2 Need to be able to use coded domains in support of commitment exchange . 32
5.3 Coded domains based on clear, predefined rules, i.e., “rule-based” . 33
5.3.1 Requirements of rule-based coded domains as a whole . 33
5.3.2 Rule-base for IT enablement of a coded domain . 35
5.3.3 Rule-base for structuring a coded domain . 35
5.4 Separation of the IT interface from human interface requirements . 36
5.5 Specification and representation of coded domains in an IT-platform neutral
manner . 38
6 Business operational view identification and description of coded domains . 38
6.1 Construct of coded domain . 38
6.1.1 Identification of coded domains . 39
6.1.2 Levels of Semantic unambiguity . 40
6.1.3 Rule-base of a coded domain . 41
6.1.4 Table of ID codes and HIEs . 41
6.2 Characteristics of coded domains . 41
6.2.1 “for free” or “for a fee” coded domains . 41
6.2.2 Exhaustiveness of coded domains . 42
6.2.3 Semantic granularity . 43
6.2.4 Openness of coded domains . 44
7 Rules governing rule-base of coded domains . 44
7.1 General . 44
7.2 Specification of a boundary of a coded domain and inclusion of its members . 45
7.3 Specification of exclusionary rules for a coded domain . 46
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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
7.4 Source(s) of rule-base governing a coded domain . 47
8 Rules for management of ID codes in coded domains . 47
8.1 Overview . 47
8.2 Generic rules for the management of a coded domain . 48
8.3 Rules governing assignment of ID codes . 48
8.4 Rules governing the change management of entries in the coded domain . 49
8.4.1 Change management of ID codes . 49
8.4.2 Change management of HIEs . 49
8.5 Registration of user extensions . 50
9 Rules for specifying Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) to an ID Code in a coded
domain . 50
9.1 Multiple Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) for an ID code in a coded domain . 50
9.2 Standard structure for semantics of a Human Interface Equivalent (HIE) . 50
9.3 Rules governing linguistic (written) representations as Human Interface
Equivalents (HIEs) of ID codes as required values in coded domains . 51
9.4 Individual accessibility of HIEs of coded domains . 52
9.5 Rules governing composite semantics . 52
10 Coded domains and controlled vocabularies . 53
10.1 Purpose . 53
10.2 Rules common to controlled vocabularies and coded domains . 54
10.3 Rules governing a controlled vocabulary . 54
10.4 Rules governing a coded domain . 55
11 Rules governing the registration of coded domains as re-usable business objects. 56
11.1 Principles of registration . 56
11.2 Process of registration . 57
11.3 Coded Domain Registration schema . 57
12 IT-enablement of coded domains . 58
12.1 Purpose . 58
12.2 Templates for IT-enabled coded domains – Attributes for Scoping an Open-edi
scenario (OeS) . 58
12.2.1 Purpose . 58
12.2.2 Template structure and content . 58
12.3 Template for Scoping Open-edi scenarios . 59
12.4 Specification and consolidated template of attributes of Open-edi scenarios, roles,
information bundles (IBs) and semantic components (SCs) . 62
Annex A (normative) Coded domain registration administration attributes . 67
Annex B (normative) Use of IT-enabled coded domains to ensure semantic interoperability
in support of the “UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” . 72
Annex C (informative) Concept and definition of “coded domain” . 74
Annex D (informative) Case Study: Example of “e-potato” . 80
Annex E (informative) Case study: Example of a coded domain with two writing systems for
Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) of a set of ID codes - in Russian use of the
Cyrillic alphabet and the romanized form . 82
Annex F (informative) Case study: Example of coded domain in Matrix form and XML
format as found in Table 2 in ISO/IEC 5218 “Codes representing the human sexes” . 85
Annex G (informative) Determining whether the membership in a coded domain is
exhaustive or non-exhaustive . 93
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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
Annex H (informative) Examples of identification of different object classes within a coded
domain through the use of semantic qualifiers . 98
Annex I (Informative) Exclusions and aspects not currently addressed to the scope . 106
Bibliography . 108



Foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
0.1 Overview of purpose and nature of coded domains . 5
0.2 Benefits of the use of coded domains . 6
0.3 Identification, mapping and IT-enablement of existing standards for widely-used
code sets . 7
0.4 Link to fundamental components in Business Transaction Model (BTM) . 9
0.5 IT-enabled and content predefined Semantic Components . 11
0.6 Coded domains as reusable business objects . 12
0.7 Use of "Person", "organization" and "party" in the context of business transaction
and commitment exchange . 13
0.8 Importance and role of terms and definitions . 14
0.9 Use of "identifier" as "identifier (in business transaction)" to prevent ambiguity . 15
0.10 Standard based on rules and guidelines . 16
0.11 Organization and description of document . 16
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 30
5 Fundamental principles governing coded domains. 30
5.1 General . 30
5.2 Need to be able to use coded domains in support of commitment exchange . 32
5.3 Coded domains based on clear, predefined rules, i.e., “rule-based” . 33
5.3.1 Requirements of rule-based coded domains as a whole . 33
5.3.2 Rule-base for IT enablement of a coded domain . 35
5.3.3 Rule-base for structuring a coded domain . 35
5.4 Separation of the IT interface from human interface requirements . 36
5.5 Specification and representation of coded domains in an IT-platform neutral
manner . 38
6 Business operational view identification and description of coded domains . 38
6.1 Construct of coded domain . 38
6.1.1 Identification of coded domains . 39
6.1.2 Levels of Semantic unambiguity . 40
6.1.3 Rule-base of a coded domain . 41
6.1.4 Table of ID codes and HIEs . 41
6.2 Characteristics of coded domains . 41
6.2.1 “for free” or “for a fee” coded domains . 41
6.2.2 Exhaustiveness of coded domains . 42
6.2.3 Semantic granularity . 43
6.2.4 Openness of coded domains . 44
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7 Rules governing rule-base of coded domains . 44
7.1 General . 44
7.2 Specification of a boundary of a coded domain and inclusion of its members . 45
7.3 Specification of exclusionary rules for a coded domain . 46
7.4 Source(s) of rule-base governing a coded domain . 47
8 Rules for management of ID codes in coded domains . 47
8.1 Overview . 47
8.2 Generic rules for the management of a coded domain . 48
8.3 Rules governing assignment of ID codes . 48
8.4 Rules governing the change management of entries in the coded domain . 49
8.4.1 Change management of ID codes . 49
8.4.2 Change management of HIEs . 49
8.5 Registration of user extensions . 50
9 Rules for specifying Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) to an ID Code in a coded
domain . 50
9.1 Multiple Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) for an ID code in a coded domain . 50
9.2 Standard structure for semantics of a Human Interface Equivalent (HIE) . 50
9.3 Rules governing linguistic (written) representations as Human Interface
Equivalents (HIEs) of ID codes as required values in coded domains . 51
9.4 Individual accessibility of HIEs of coded domains . 52
9.5 Rules governing composite semantics . 52
10 Coded domains and controlled vocabularies . 53
10.1 Purpose . 53
10.2 Rules common to controlled vocabularies and coded domains . 54
10.3 Rules governing a controlled vocabulary . 54
10.4 Rules governing a coded domain . 55
11 Rules governing the registration of coded domains as re-usable business objects. 56
11.1 Principles of registration . 56
11.2 Process of registration . 57
11.3 Coded Domain Registration schema . 57
12 IT-enablement of coded domains . 58
12.1 Purpose . 58
12.2 Templates for IT-enabled coded domains – Attributes for Scoping an Open-edi
scenario (OeS) . 58
12.2.1 Purpose . 58
12.2.2 Template structure and content . 58
12.3 Template for Scoping Open-edi scenarios . 59
12.4 Specification and consolidated template of attributes of Open-edi scenarios, roles,
information bundles (IBs) and semantic components (SCs) . 62
Annex A (normative) Coded domain registration administration attributes . 67
Annex B (normative) Use of IT-enabled coded domains to ensure semantic interoperability
in support of the “UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” . 72
Annex C (informative) Concept and definition of “coded domain” . 74
Annex D (informative) Case Study: Example of “e-potato” . 80
Annex E (informative) Case study: Example of a coded domain with two writing systems for
Human Interface Equivalents (HIEs) of a set of ID codes - in Russian use of the
Cyrillic alphabet and the romanized form . 82
Annex F (informative) Case study: Example of coded domain in Matrix form and XML format
as found in Table 2 in ISO/IEC 5218 “Codes representing the human sexes” . 85
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Annex G (informative) Determining whether the membership in a coded domain is
exhaustive or non-exhaustive . 93
Annex H (informative) Examples of identification of different object classes within a coded
domain through the use of semantic qualifiers . 98
Annex I (Informative) Exclusions and aspects not currently addressed to the scope . 106
Bibliography . 108
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ISO/IEC FDIS 15944-10:2023(E)
Foreword
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