ISO 1001:1986

International Standard
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION~ME)K~Y!iAPOfiHAR OPI-AHM3AUMR f-l0 CTAH~APTM3A~MM~ORGANISATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Information processing - File structure and labelling of
magnetic tapes for information interchange
Second edition - 1986-02-15
UDC 681.3.04 : 681.327.64 Ref. No. ISO 1001-1986 (E)
Descriptors : data processing, information interchange, magnetic tapes, files, labelling, specifications.
Price based on 17 pages

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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International
Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Esch member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the ISO Council. They are approved in accordance with ISO procedures requiring at
least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting.
International Standard ISO 1001 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 97,
Information processing s ystems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO lOOl-1979), of which it
constitutes a technical revision.
Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time
and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its
Jatest edition, unless otherwise stated.
0 International Organkation for Standardkation, 1986
Printed in Switzerland
ii

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Contents
Page
1
..........................................
1 Scope and field of application
........................................................ 1
2 Conformance
......................... 1
2.1 Conformance of a magnetic tape volume set
................... 1
2.2 Conformance of an information processing System
1
..........................................................
3 References
1
........................................................
4 Definitions.
1
4.1 application program .
2
4.2 block. .
2
.......................................................
4.3 blocked
2
4.4 byte .
2
4.5 file .
2
filesection .
4.6
2
fileset .
4.7
2
.............................................
4.8 fixed-length record
2
................................................
4.9 implementation
2
....................................................
4.10 installation
2
4.11 label.
2
4.12 originating System .
2
4.13 originator .
2
...............................................
4.14 receivingsystem
2
4.15 recipient .
2
4.16 record .
2
4.17 segmentedrecord .
.................. 2
4.18 International Standard for information interchange
2
.....................................................
4.19 TapeMark
. . .
Ill

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4.20 user . 2
4.21 variable-length record . 2
4.22 volume . 2
4.23 volumeset .
2
5 Notation. 2
6 Arrangement of labels and files . 2
/
6.1 Arrangement of data on a volume . 2
6.2 Arrangement of label groups . 2
6.2.1 Labels . 2
6.2.2 Labelsets . 3
6.2.3 Labelgroups . 3
6.3 Arrangement of file sections . 3
6.3.1 Filesection . 3
6.3.2 Labelled-Sequence .
3
6.4 Relationship of file sections to a volume . 3
6.5 Arrangement of files and file sets . 3
6.5.1 Files . 3
6.5.2 Filesets . 4
6.6 Structure of a volume set .
4
7 File structure for data interchange . 4
7.1 Blocks . 4
7.1 .l Characteristics . 4
7.1.2 Block length . 4
7.1.3 Offsetfield . 4
7.1.4 Padding field . 4
7.2 Records . 4
7.2.1 Characteristics . 4
7.2.2 Fixed-length records . 4
7.2.3 Variable-length records . 4
7.2.4 Segmented records . 4
7.2.5 Coded representation of data . 5
7.3 Files . 5
7.3.1 Characteristics . 5
iv

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7.3.2 Consistency of file attributes between file sections . 5
7.3.3 File Organkation . 5
.......................... 5
8 Format and contents of the labels and label Sets.
......................................... 5
8.1 Character set and coding
........................................ 5
8.2 Justification of characters
8.3 Volume Header Label Set (VOL1 to VOL91 . 5
.............................. 6
8.3.1 First Volume Header Label WOLl)
.................... 6
8.3.2 Other Volume Header Labels (VOL2 to VOL91
...................... 7
8.4 Installation Volume Label Set WVLl to UVLS)
..................................... 7
8.4.1 Label Identifier (BP 1 to3).
8.4.2 Label Number (BP4) . 7
8.4.3 Field reserved for installation use (BP 5 to 80) . 7
............................. 7
8.5 File Header Label Set (HDRl to HDR9)
................................. 7
8.51 First File Header Label (HDRl)
.............................. 8
8.5.2 Second File Header Label (HDRZ)
....................... 9
8.5.3 Other File Header Labels (HDR3 to HDRS)
.................................. 9
8.6 User File Header Label Set (UHL)
.................................... 10
8.6.1 Label Identifier(BP 1 to3).
8.6.2 Label Number (BP4) . 10
8.6.3 Field reserved for application use (BP 5 to 80) . IO
........................... 10
8.7 End of Volume Label Set (EOVI to EOV9)
.............................. 10
8.7.1 First End of Volume Label (EOVl)
...........................
8.7.2 Second End of Volume Label (EOV2) 10
8.7.3 Other End of Volume Labels (EOV3 to EOV9). . 11
8.8 End of File Label Set (EOFI to EOF9) . 11
.................................. 11
8.8.1 First End of File Label (EOFI)
............................... 11
8.8.2 Second End of File Label (EOF2)
........................ 12
8.8.3 Other End of File Labels (EOF3 to EOF9).
................................... 12
8.9 User File Trailer Label Set (UTL)
8.9.1 Label Identifier (BP 1 to 3) . 12
......................................... 12
8.9.2 Label Number (BP41
.................... 12
8.9.3 Field reserved for application use (BP 5 to 80)
V

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12
9 Levels of interchange .
12
9.1 Level1 .
9.2 Level2 . 12
12
9.3 Level3 .
12
9.4 Level4 .
10 Requirements for the description of Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
11 Requirements for an originating System. . 12
12
11.1 General .
13
11.2 Files .
13
11.3 Labels. .
13
11.4 Restrittions .
12 Requirements for a receiving System . 14
12.1 General . 14
14
12.2 Files .
14
12.3 Labels. .
14
12.4 Restrittions. .
Annexes
15
A IRVcodetablefromISO646 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
B Initialized volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
@ Main differentes between the first edition (1979) and the present (second)
17
edition of this International Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vi

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1001-1986 (EI
File structure and labelling of
Information processing -
magnetic tapes for information interchange
3 References
1 Scope and field of application
This International Standard specifies the file structure and the ISO 646, Information processing - ISO 7-bit coded Character
labelling of magnetic tapes for the interchange of information set for informa tion in terchange.
between users of information processing Systems.
ISO 962, Information processing - lmplementation of the 7-bit
This International Standard also specifies
coded Character set and its 7-bit and 8-bit extensions on
9-track, 12,7 mm (0.5 in) magnetic tape.
-
volume and file structure;
ISO 1862, Information processing - 9-track, 12,7 mm (0.5 in)
- basic characteristics of the blocks containing the
wide magnetic tape for information interchange recorded at
records constituting the file;
8 rpmm (200 rpi).
-
recorded labels for identifying files, file sections and
ISO 1863, Information processing - 9-track, 12,7 mm (0.5 in)
volumes of magnetic tapes;
wide magnetic tape for information intercbange recorded at
- four nested levels of interchange.
32 rpmm (800 rpi).
Furthermore, this International Standard specifies require-
ISO 1864, Information processing - Unrecorded l2,7 mm
ments for the processes which are provided within information
(0.5 in) wide magnetic tape for information interchange -
processing Systems, to enable information to be interchanged
35 ftpmm (800 ftpi) MZ7, 126 ftpmm (3 200 ftpi) Phase encod-
between different Systems, utilizing recorded magnetic tape as
ed and 356 ftpmm (9 042 ftpi), lVRZ7.
the medium of interchange. For this purpose it specifies the
functions to be provided within Systems which are intended to
ISO 2022, Information processing - ISO 7-bit and 8-bit coded
originate or receive magnetic tape volumes which conform to
Character sets - Code extension technigues.
this International Standard.
ISO 3788, Information processing - 9-track, l2,7 mm (0.5 in)
wide magnetic tape for information interchange recorded at
63 rpmm (1 600 rpi), Phase-encoded.
2 Conformance
ISO 4873, Information processing - 8-bit coded Character set
2.1 Conformance of a magnetic tape volume set
for in forma tion in terchange.
A magnetic tape volume set conforms to this International
ISO 5652, Information processing - 9-track, l2,7 mm (0.5 in)
Standard when all information recorded on it conforms to the
wide magnetic tape for informa tion in terchange - Format and
specifications of this International Standard. A Statement of
recording, using group coding at 246 cpmm (6 250 rpi).
conformance shall identify the lowest level of interchange to
which the contents of the magnetic tapes conform.
A prerequisite to such conformance is conformance of each
4 Definitions
volume of the volume set to the same International Standard
for information interchange on magnetic tapes.
For the purpose of this International Standard, the following
definitions apply.
2.2 Conformance of an information processing
System
4.1 application program :
A program that processes the
An information processing System conforms to this Inter-
contents of records belonging to a file, and may also process
national Standard if it meets all the requirements specified in
selected attribute data relating to the file or to the volume(s) on
this International Standard either for an originating System, or
which it is recorded.
for a receiving System, or for both types of System. A state-
ment of conformance shall identify which of these sets of re-
NOTE - An application program is a specific class of user as defined
quirements tan be met by the System. in this International Standard.
1

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ISO 1001-1986 (EI
4.18 International Standard for information inter-
4.2 block : A group of bytes recorded consecutively in
Change : A Standard that specifies the recording method and
accordance with the relevant International Standard for infor-
the track format of a magnetic tape (for example ISO 1863).
mation interchange.
NOTE - The minimum and maximum lengths of a block are specified
in the relevant International Standard for information interchange.
4.19 Tape Mark : A control block used as a delimiter.
NOTE - The structure of Tape Marks is specified by the relevant
4.3 blocked : An attribute of records and record Segments
information interchange.
International Standards for
that indicates that they may begin at a byte that is not the first
byte of a block.
4.20 user : A person or other entity that Causes the i nvoca-
4.4 byte : A string of eight binary digits operated upon as a
an implementation.
tion of the Services provided by
unit.
variable-Ie ngth reco rd : A record con in a file in
4.21
. file : A named collection of information consisting of
45
which the records have different lengths.
maY
zero or more records.
4.6 file section : That part of a file that is recorded on any
4.22 volume : A dismountable reel of magnetic tape.
one volume.
4.23 volume set : A collection of one or more volumes, on
4.7 file set : A collection of one or more files recorded con-
which a file set is recorded.
secu tively on a set of volumes.
4.8 fixed-length record : A record contained in a file in
which all records must have the same length.
5 Notation
The following notation is used in this International Standard :
4.9 implementation : A set of processes within an informa-
tion processing System which enable that System to behave as
BP : Byte Position within the label
an originating System, or as a receiving System, or as both
types of System.
L: Length of the field in number of byte
positions
installation : A person or other entity which controls
4.10
the use of one or more implernentations which process and
a-Character(s) : Any of the allowed characters (see 8.1)
interchange magnetic tapes.
Digit(s) : Any digit from ZERO to NINE.
NOTE - An installation is a specific class of user as defined in this
International Standard.
With the exception of SPACE, a group of capital letters in the
content column of a table specifying label contents indicates
4.11 label : A record that identifies and characterizes a
that these characters shall appear in the Order given and in the
volume, or a file section on a volume.
corresponding byte positions of the field specified, for example
VOL in BP 1 to 3 of the Volume Header Labels. In the tables
4.12 originating System : An information processing
and thoughout this International Standard, SPACE signifies the
System which tan record a file set on a volume set for the pur-
Character coded in Position 2/0 of ISO 646.
pose of data interchange with another System.
4.13 originator : A person who is responsible for issuing
commands to an originating System.
6 Arrangement of labels and files
An information processing System 6.1 Arrangement of data on a volume
4.14 receiving System :
which tan read a file set from a volume set which has been
A volume shall be recorded with a sequence of blocks and Tape
recorded by another System for the purpose of data inter-
Marks. The sequence shall commence with a block, and shall
Change.
terminate within the usable recording area.
is responsible for issuing
4.15 recipient : A person who
commands to a receiving System.
6.2 Arrangement of label groups
4.16 record : Related data treated as a unit of information.
6.2.1 Labels
A label shall be a record that shall have a length of 80 bytes.
4.17 segmented record : A record contained in a file which
Esch label shall be recorded within the first or only 80 byte pos-
is assigned to contain records that may have different lengths
itions of a block. If the block contains any additional bytes, they
and that may be recorded entirely in one block or over more
shall be recorded with any desired bit combinations.
than one block.
2

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ISO 1001-1986 (EI
Esch label shall be of one of the following types : d) Tape Mark;
Volume Header e) either an End of File Label Group or an End of File Sec-
Installation Volume
tion Label Group, as required in 6.3.2.2;
File Header
f) Tape Mark.
User File Header
End of File
End of Volume
If the file section is the last or only file section of a file,
6.3.2.2
User File Trailer
then the label group that follows it shall be an End of File Label
Group. Otherwise the label group shall be an End of File
Section Label Group.
6.2.2 Label sets
NOTE - An End of File Section Label Group tan only be the last label
A sequence of one or more labels of the same type, recorded in
group on a volume because of the requirements of 6.5.1.
consecutive blocks, shall be a label set of that type. All labels in
a set shall be numbered consecutively starting from 1, except
those labels in the User File Header and User File Trailer Label 6.3.2.3 Within a Labelled-Sequence the information con-
Sets. tained in the File Header Label Set, and in the End of File or End
of Volume Label Set, shall apply to the file section that is
The labels in the User File Header and User File Trailer Label
recorded within the sequence.
Sets may be identified in any Order and may contain duplicate
identifiers within a set.
6.3.2.4 Within a Labelled-Sequence the number of labels in
an End of Volume or End of File Label Set shall be equal to the
6.2.3 Label groups
number of labels in the File Header Label Set. Within all
Labelled-Sequences in which the file sections of a file are
A label group shall consist of a mandatory label set, optionally
recorded, the number of File Header Labels shall be the Same.
followed by a second label set of a different type. Esch label
group shall be of one of the types listed in table 1, and shall in-
6.4 Relationship of file sections to a volume
clude only those label sets listed in the corresponding entry of
the table. The first set listed in each table entry is the man-
The information on a volume shall consist of the sequence of
datory set, and the second set listed is the optional set.
blocks and Tape Marks as listed below, recorded consecutively :
Table 1
- Beginning of Volume Label Group;
Label sets
Label group
-
one or more Labelled-Sequences;
Volume Header
Beginning of Volume
Installation Volume - Tape Mark.
Beginning of File Section File Header
Any recording following the last Tape Mark of the sequence
User File Header
shall be ignored in interchange.
End of File Section End of Volume
The information that identifies and describes the volume shall
User File Trailer
be contained in the Volume Header Label Set, within the
Beginning of Volume Label Group.
End of File End of File
User File Trailer
I I
6.5 Arrangement of files and file sets
6.5.1 Files
6.3 Arrangement of file sections
If a file is recorded entirely within one volume it shall consist of
6.3.1 File section
only one file section.
A file section shall be recorded in a sequence of one or more
blocks, or no blocks. If no blocks are recorded, the file section
If a file is recorded over more than one volume, then only one
is regarded as empty.
file section of the file shall be recorded on any one volume, and
-
the first file section shall be recorded as the last or only
6.3.2 Labelled-Sequence
file section on a volume;
6.3.2.1 A Labelled-Sequence shall consist of the sequence
-
any intermediate file section shall be recorded as the
of blocks and Tape Marks as listed below, recorded consecu-
only file section on a volume;
tively :
-
the last file section shall be recorded as the first or only
a) Beginning of File Section Label Group;
file section on a volume.
b) Tape Mark;
All sections of a file shall be numbered consecutively start-
c) a file section;
ing from 1.

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ISO 1001-1986 (EI
6.5.2 File sets
7.1.4 Padding field
A file set shall consist of one or more files having a common file This field shal I consist of a number of bytes suff icient to extend
set identifier. All files in a file set shall be numbered con-
the length of a block either
secutively starting from 1.
a) to the minimum length required by the releva nt Inter-
recorded consecutively over a set
The files i n a file set shall be national Standard for information interchange, or
of one or more volumes.
b) to a greater length as required by the implementation.
6.6 Structure of a volume set
Esch byte of this field shall contain bit combination b8 to
= 0101 1110. This field shall be ignored in interchange.
which a file set is bl
A volume set shall be the set of volumes on
shall contain only one file set.
recorded. The volume set
7.2 Records
7 File structure for data interchange 7.2.1 Characteristics
This clause specifies the file structure for data interchange in A record shall have the following characteristics :
terms of data blocks and data records, and identifies the label
fields defined for that purpose.
a) A record may be either a fixed-length record, or a
variable-length record, or a segmented record.
7.1 Blocks
b) A fixed-length record or a variable-length record shall
be recorded entirely within one block; a segmented record
7.1 .l Characteristics
may be recorded in a part of one or more blocks.
A block in which part of a file section is recorded shall contain
The length of a record shall be the number of bytes in
c)
one or more Measured Data Units (MDU). Esch MDU shall
the record.
either be a fixed-length record, or shall contain a variable-
length record or a record Segment.
7.2.2 Fixed-length records
A block in which part of a file section is recorded may contain
A fixed-length record shall be a record contained in a file that is
-
an Offset field preceding the first or only MDU;
assigned to contain only records of the same length. The
minimum assigned length of a fixed-length record shall be one
-
a Padding field following the last or only MDU.
byte and the maximum assigned length shall not exceed the
assigned block length less the length of the offset field. At least
The first or only MDU in a block shall begin at the first byte of
one byte of a fixed-length record shall not contain bit combina-
the block after the Offset field (if any). Esch subsequent MDU
tion b8 to bI = 0101 1110.
shall begin at the byte immediately following the last byte of the
preceding MDU in that block. Esch MDU shall end in the block
7.2.3 Variable-length records
in which it begins.
A variable-length record shall be a record contained in
a file that
7.1.2 Block length
is assigned to contain records that may have differen
t lengths.
The length of a block shall be the number of bytes in the block.
A variable-length record shall be contained in an MDU. The
Within a file, all blocks may have different lengths. The length
MDU shall consist of a Record Control Word (RCW), followed
of a block shall be the sum of
immediately by the variable-length record. The RCW shall con-
sist of four characters which shall be coded in accordance with
-
the lengths of the MDUs in the block;
ISO 646 and shall express the sum of the lengths of the record
-
and of the RCW as a four-digit decimal number.
the length of the Offset field;
-
the length of the Padding field.
A maximum record length shall be assigned for a file. The
length of any record in the file shall not exceed this value. The
A maximum block length shall be assigned for a file. The block assigned maximum record length shall not be zero and shall not
length shall not exceed the maximum value specified by the
exceed the assigned block length less the length of the Offset
relevant International Standard for information interchange. field and less the length of the RCW.
The minimum length of a variable-length record shall be Zero.
7.1.3 Offset field
This field shall consist of not more than 99 bytes. lt shall be
7.2.4 Segmented records
reserved for implementation use. Its contents are not specified
by this International Standard and may be ignored in inter- A segmented record shall be a record con a file that is
ltained in
Change.
assigned to contain records that may have different lengths and
4

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ISO 1001-1986 EI
that may be recorded entirely in one block or over more than 7.3.2 Consistency of file attributes between file sections
one block.
The following label fields in the File Header Label Set for each
That part of a segmented record that is recorded in one block is
file section of the same file shall contain the same characters :
a record Segment. There shall be only one Segment of the same
record in a block.
File Identifier (HDRI BP 5 to 21)
-
- File Set Identifier (HDRl BP 22 to 27)
Successive Segments of the same record within the same file
- File Sequence Number (HDRI BP 32 to 35)
sections shall be recorded in successive blocks.
- Generation Number (HDRl BP 36 to 39)
- Generation Version Number (HDRl BP 40 and 41)
Different Segments of the same record shall only be recorded in
File Accessibility (H DR 1 BP 54)
-
different file sections if one of the Segments is recorded in the
- Record Format (HDR2 BP 5)
last block of a file section, and the next Segment of the record is
- Block Length (HDR2 BP 6 to 10)
recorded in the first block of the next non-empty file section of
- Record Length (HDR2 BP 11 to 15)
that file.
- Offset Length (HDR2 BP 51 to 52)
A maximum record length shall be assigned for a file. The
length of any record in the file shall not exceed this assigned
7.3.3 File Organkation
value. The assigned maximum record length shall not be Zero.
NOTE - The assigned maximum record length is unbounded in that The file organization shall be sequential.
this International Standard specifies no limit to the number of record
Segments in a record.
A record Segment shall be contained in an MDU. The MDU
8 Format and contents of the labels
shall consist of a Segment Control Word (SCW), followed im-
and label sets
mediately by the record Segment. The SCW shall consist of five
characters which shall be coded in accordance with ISO 646.
8.1 Character set and coding
The first Character of the SCW is called the Segment Indicator,
This Character shall have one of the values 0, 1, 2 or 3 with the
Unless otherwise stated, the characters in the labels shall be
following meaning :
coded in accordance with ISO 646.
shall mean that the record begins and ends in this record
The 57 characters used in the labels shall be those in the follow-
Segment;
ing positions of the International Reference Version (IRV) :
shall mean that the record begins but does not end in
210 to 212
this record Segment;
215 to 2115
310 to 3115
shall mean that the record neither begins nor ends in this
411 to 4115
record Segment;
510 to 5110
shall mean that the record ends but does not begin in
5115
this record Segment.
are referred to as “a-characters” (sec
These 57 characters
The last four characters of the SCW shall express as a decimal
annex A).
number the sum of the lengths of the record Segment and of
the SCW.
of characters
8.2 Justification
The length of a recor
...