ISO 16936-2:2005

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16936-2
First edition
2005-07-01
Glass in building — Forced-entry security
glazing —
Part 2:
Test and classification by repetitive
impact of a hammer and axe at room
temperature
Verre dans la construction — Vitrages de sécurité contre infractions —
Partie 2: Essai et classification par impact répété d'un marteau et d'une
hache à température ambiante
Reference number
©
ISO 2005
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Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols (and abbreviated terms) . 2
5 Sampling . 2
6 Apparatus . 3
7 Required characteristics . 8
8 Test method . 8
9 Classification and designation . 12
10 Test report . 12
11 Marking . 12
Bibliography . 13
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ISO 2005 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
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Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
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International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 16936-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 160, Glass in building, Subcommittee SC 2, Use
considerations.
ISO 16936 consists of the following parts, under the general title Glass in building — Forced-entry security
glazing:
— Part 1: Test and classification by repetitive ball drop
— Part 2: Test and classification by repetitive impact of a hammer and axe at room temperature
— Part 3: Test and classification by manual attack
— Part 4: Test and classification by pendulum impact under thermally and fire stressed conditions
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iv ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This part of ISO 16936 assesses security-glazing products that are more familiarly known as “anti-vandal”,
“anti-bandit” and “detention” glazing products. Because there is no single test that will cover the wide range of
resistances to attack, four separate test methods are provided to assess the forced entry resistant properties of
security glazing. It is not intended that any particular test method be associated with the terms “anti-vandal” or
“anti-bandit”, since these terms can be only loosely defined and there is considerable overlap in their definition.
It is important that security glazing products be installed in a frame which can give appropriate resistance to
impact and which also provides a suitable support for the security-glazing product. It is important that cutouts
and holes in security glazing products be avoided where possible, as these can affect the resistance of the
product.
The test method specified in this part of ISO 16936 does not reproduce the conditions of real human attack, but
is intended to give a classification of comparative resistance of glazing.
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ISO 2005 – All rights reserved v

.
vi
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16936-2:2005(E)
Glass in building — Forced-entry security glazing —
Part 2:
Test and classification by repetitive impact of a hammer and axe
at room temperature
1Scope
This part of ISO 16936 specifies requirements and a mechanical test method for security glazing designed to
resist actions of manual attack by delaying access of objects and/or persons to a protected space for a short
period of time. This part of ISO 16936 classifies security glazing products into categories of resistance against
repetitive impacts of a hammer and an axe.
In this part of ISO 16936, the categories of resistance have not been assigned to special applications. Glazing
classification should be specified on an individual basis for every application.
This part of ISO 16936 deals with mechanical resistance to manual attack only. Other properties can also be
important.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 48:1994, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD
and 100 IRHD)
ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H,
K, N, T)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
action of force
deliberate action on the part of a person made with the intention of creating a hole in the security glazing
product, by the use of manually held implements or by the use of thrown objects
3.2
attack face
face of a test piece marked by the manufacturer and/or supplier that is designed to face the attack
3.3
category of resistance
classification of the capability of a security glazing product to resist actions of force
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ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 1

3.4
protected space
space protected against access by the completed installation
3.5
sample
specified number of test pieces which together are representative of the security glazing product intended to
comply with a particular category of resistance in this part of ISO 16936
3.6
security glazing composition
specific construction of a glazing product
NOTE A product is deemed to be of the same or superior security glazing composition if individual plies are exchanged
with others of a different colour, but without significant effect on the resistance to actions of force; and/or additional glazing
products are installed on either face of the security glazing product, laminated to it or with an air space; and/or additional
equipment such as alarm wires, heating wires, printing, or surface coatings (on part or all of the surface) are incorporated
into the security glazing product, provided that this does not significantly affect the resistance to actions of force.
3.7
security glazing product
product based on glass with or without plastics with a single or multiple ply construction, where the individual
plies are of uniform thickness over the whole area of the product
NOTE A security-glazing product is usually transparent or translucent, and provides a specific resistance to the actions of
force.
3.8
test piece
specified piece of security glazing product submitted to a specified test procedure
4 Symbols (and abbreviated terms)
a angle of impact, measured between the surface of the test piece and the handle; see Figure 4
i
E impact energy of the hammer or axe
i
n , n number of axe strikes
1 2
r radius of the blade of the axe head
v impact velocity of the hammer or axe
i
x length of slit in the security glazing product formed by the axe blade
5 Sampling
The sample submitted for testing shall consist of three test pieces for each category of which testing is required.
To ensure against invalid test results because of errors during the test, it is advisable to submit at least one extra
test piece.
Each test piece shall be (1 100±5m) m long × (900±5m) m wide. The edges shall be free from visible chips,
cracks and flaws. Glass samples should be lightly arrissed for ease of handling.
The surface to be impacted shall be marked on each test piece.
◦
Each test piece shall be stored vertically and self-supporting at (18± 3) C1, for at least 2h immediately prior
to the test.
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6 Apparatus
6.1 General
Figure 1 shows the general arrangement of the test piece and the mechanism for swinging the axe. A detailed
specification of the component parts is given in 6.2 to 6.4.
Key
1 release mechanism
2 axe head
3 handle
4 axis of rotation
5sleeve
6 tension spring
7 pneumatic clamp
8clamping frame
9 height adjustor
10 test piece
Figure 1 — General view of axe test apparatus
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ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 3

6.2 Tool specifications
6.2.1 Axe head
The axe head shall have the form and dimensions in accordance with Figure 2.
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2 — Axe head
The axe head shall have a mass of (2,0± 0,1) kg and shall be made from wrought, unalloyed steel with a
chemical composition as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 — Chemical composition of axe head
C Mn Si P S (P +S)
min. min. max. max. max. max.
0,6 0,6 0,5 0,03 0,03 0,05
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4 ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

The blade of the axe head shall be hardened to a distance of at least 30 mm from the edge.
At the beginning of the test, the blade of the axe head shall
...