ISO 37158:2019

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 37158
First edition
2019-07
Smart community infrastructures —
Smart transportation using battery-
powered buses for passenger services
Infrastructures urbaines intelligentes — Transport intelligent
utilisant des bus alimentés par des batteries pour le transport de
voyageurs
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General . 1
5 Operation of smart transportation using battery-powered buses . 2
5.1 Gener al . 2
5.2 Minimum requirements to organize smart transportation . 2
5.2.1 Recharging . . 2
5.2.2 Scheduling/dispatching . 2
5.2.3 Maintenance work . 2
5.2.4 Passenger services . 2
5.2.5 Safety and ride comfort . 3
5.2.6 Weather and climate conditions . 3
5.2.7 Driving conditions . 3
5.2.8 Driving skills/performance . 3
5.2.9 Energy saving . . . 3
6 Maintenance of the quality of smart transportation using battery-powered buses .3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Parameters to be observed . 3
6.3 Modification of smart transportation. 3
Annex A (informative) Trials given by Paris City in December 2016 to suppress air
pollution by inviting citizens using internal-combustion-engine-driven vehicles to
electrically-operated transportation services . 4
Annex B (informative) Example of cities and countries where battery-powered buses are
operated . 5
[5]
Annex C (informative) A typical city aiming at low-carbon transportation .6
Bibliography . 8
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable cities and communities,
Subcommittee SC 1, Smart community infrastructures.
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iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
City centres, often small areas, are frequently congested with internal-combustion-engine-driven
vehicles. This creates significant city issues, including air pollution from greenhouse gases (GHGs)
and irritation to citizens from noise and vibration. The number of internal-combustion-engine-driven
private vehicles nowadays is small. Heavy trucks, which are commonly driven by internal combustion
engines, are not allowed in city centres. Thus, the main source of such air pollution and environmental
irritation is now commercial vehicles, i.e. buses equipped with internal combustion engines (see
Annex A). Fuel energy is more efficiently converted to driving forces by motors consuming electric
power generated from fuel than by engines directly burning fuel. Therefore, motor-driven or battery-
powered buses are suitable options for transportation vehicles.
Bus transportation systems offer convenient and casual transport for citizens in all cities as they can
operate in narrow streets in accordance with passenger flow changes in a city and require minimum
facilities for bus stops. However, although bus journeys are popular among citizens, the ride comfort is
not always of a high quality due to sudden stops to avoid collisions or traffic accidents, and irritating
jerky movements caused by the traction mechanism in the internal combustion engine driving systems.
Such behaviour can give passengers motion sickness or discomfort or even lead to injuries.
At the same time as promoting modal shifts from conventional to alternative systems, service
performance and quality should be maintained or improved, in particular regarding low environmental
impact, safe and steady operation and passenger ride comfort. Battery-powered bus transportation
systems are now commonly used for short-distance transportation and contribute to solving the issues
mentioned previously in a number of cities across the world (see Annex B).
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 37158:2019(E)
Smart community infrastructures — Smart transportation
using battery-powered buses for passenger services
1 Scope
This document specifies a procedure for the introduction of smart transportation to city centres by
means of battery-powered buses. This service contributes to a clean atmosphere and a relatively quiet
environment while offering services that provide safe and comfortable rides for citizens.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
battery-powered bus
bus run by electric power that is provided only with onboard rechargeable batteries
3.2
rechargeable battery
battery which can be recharged within an allowable waiting time for the next operation
Note 1 to entry: Batteries which do not cause any change to currently organized bus service operations are to
be used in smart transportation. In this case, battery recharging should be completed in the same bus operation
schedule as already adopted so that buses currently in service can simply and successfully be replaced with
battery-powered buses.
3.3
recharging
putting an electrical charge back into battery-powered buses
Note 1 to entry: Recharging can be done by directly applying voltage to batteries onboard or, if the work can be
completed in the current allowable waiting time, by swapping discharged and fully charged batteries. Wireless
charging while battery-powered buses are running could be another way to recharge batteries onboard, if this
procedure does not disturb current bus operation.
4 General
Battery-powered buses are driven with traction motors run by electricity. Motors can indirectly
convert fuel energy into driving forces extremely efficiently by consuming electricity that is generated
from fuel by a power plant in a normal way. Thus, motor traction saves energy compared with engine
traction, which burns fuel directly. In addition, battery-powered buses emit no pollutants or GHGs
into the atmosphere (see Annex C, which shows a typical application of battery-powered buses in a
city). Furthermore, traction motors enable buses to run quietly with little irritating vibration. This
enables battery-powered buses to maintain a good environment for those living near bus routes, while
providing onboard passengers with good ride comfort through continuously varying acceleration. This
cannot be accomplished by internal combustion engine systems, which create uncomfortable jolting
during gear changes.
One of the goals of smart transportation is not to disturb current service performance and quality,
but rather improve it further compared with conventional services. No changes should be made
to current operating systems, including working schedules, dispatching and facilities related to
internal-combustion-engine-driven bus operations, both during and after the introduction of smart
transportation.
Smart transportation aims to solve the issues of air pollution from GHGs and irritation to citizens from
noise and vibration in cities and should also contribute to the further development of cities by satisfying
[2]
the purposes designated in ISO 37101:2016 .
5 Operation of smart transportation using battery-powered buses
5.1 General
Smart transportation in the form of battery-powered bus operation solves specific city issues as
mentioned in Clause 4 by retaining the same operation, services and facilities as those already in
place for internal-combustion-engine-driven bus operation when some of the buses are replaced with
battery-powered buses. When all internal-combustion-engine-driven buses in service are repl
...