IEC TR 61000-1-3:2002

TECHNICAL IEC
REPORT
TR 61000-1-3
First edition
2002-06
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 1-3:
General – The effects of high-altitude EMP
(HEMP) on civil equipment and systems
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 1-3:
Généralités – Effets des impulsions électromagnétiques
à haute altitude (IEM-HA) sur les matériels et systèmes civils
Reference number
IEC/TR 61000-1-3:2002(E)
Publication numbering
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TECHNICAL IEC
REPORT
TR 61000-1-3
First edition
2002-06
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 1-3:
General – The effects of high-altitude EMP
(HEMP) on civil equipment and systems
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 1-3:
Généralités – Effets des impulsions électromagnétiques
à haute altitude (IEM-HA) sur les matériels et systèmes civils
 IEC 2002  Copyright - all rights reserved
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Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – TR 61000-1-3  IEC:2002(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4
INTRODUCTION .6
1 Scope .7
2 Reference documents .7
3 Definitions .7
4 General considerations .9
5 Overview of effects experience .10
5.1 Atmospheric testing introduction .10
5.2 Simulator testing introduction.10
6 Atmospheric nuclear testing experience .11
6.1 United States atmospheric test experience – Starfish test .11
6.2 Soviet Union atmospheric test experience .14
7 HEMP simulator testing with radiated transients .21
7.1 Consumer electronics .21
7.2 Communication radios .25
7.3 Commercial power lines.28
7.4 Train power-line coupling experiment .31
7.5 HEMP-induced currents on a three-phase line.34
8 HEMP simulator testing with conducted transients.36
8.1 High-voltage power-line equipment .36
8.2 Testing of distribution transformers to conducted HEMP transients.37
9 Summary .45
Bibliography .46
Figure 1 – Starfish-Honolulu burst geometry, with the X indicating the location of
Johnston Atoll .12
Figure 2 – Front page of New York Tribune, European Edition, 10 July 1962 .13
Figure 3 – Ferdinand Street (Honolulu, Hawaii) series lighting system in 1962.14
Figure 4 – The amplitudes of the computed early-time HEMP E-field components versus
time for the near end of the 500-km telecom line .15
Figure 5 – The amplitudes of the computed early-time HEMP E-field components versus
time for the far end of the 500-km telecom line .16
Figure 6 – Computed transverse late-time HEMP magnetic flux density at the earth's
surface at ground ranges of 433 km and 574 km from the surface zero point .17
Figure 7 – Computed early-time HEMP load voltage versus time for the far end of the
80-km long subline 2 (the top figure shows the earliest time, while the bottom figure
shows a later time view) .18
Figure 8 – Computed early-time HEMP short-circuit current versus time for the near
end of the 80 km long subline 2 (the top figure shows the earliest time, while the bottom
figure shows a later time view) .19
Figure 9 – Computed early-time HEMP short-circuit current versus time for the far end
of the 80 km long subline 2 (the top figure shows the earliest time, while the bottom
figure shows a later time view) .20
Figure 10 – Time response for a typical antenna cable coupled current measured at WRF .23

TR 61000-1-3  IEC:2002(E) – 3 –
Figure 11 – Time response for a typical telephone cable coupled current measured at WRF .23
Figure 12 – Time response for a typical power cable coupled current measured at WRF .24
Figure 13 – Time response for a typical speaker wire coupled current measured at WRF .24
Figure 14 – Time response for a typical computer keyboard coupled current measured
at WRF .25
Figure 15 – Geometry of the medium voltage (MV) power lines with respect to the EMP
simulator.29
Figure 16 – Comparison of measured (left) and calculated (right) HEMP simulator-
induced voltage (line to ground) at position M in figure 15, where the line turns 90°.30
Figure 17 – Comparison of the measured currents in amperes at four different locations:
1 and 2 at 48 m on either side of the simulator centreline (points M and N in figure 15),
and 3 and 4 near the far end of the line (near point Q in figure 15) .31
Figure 18 – Geometry for HEMP simulation test of locomotive with single power line.32
Figure 19 – Measured HEMP-induced current on power line directly above left end of
locomotive .33
Figure 20 – Geometry for three-phase line placed under a hybrid HEMP simulator .34
Figure 21 – Comparison of measured (solid line) and calculated (dashed line) currents
flowing on the shielding wire.35
Figure 22 – HEMP current measured in the centre of one of the open-circuited phase
wires when the grounding wire was removed .36
Figure 23 – Experimental HEMP investigation of high-voltage equipment showing the
importance of testing power lines when they are energized. Note that the lower figure b)
is for a 110-kV power line.39
Figure 24 – Simulation of HEMP effects on a 110 kV power line under operating voltage.40
Figure 25 – Investigation of HEMP effects on high-voltage transformers .41
Figure 26 – Simulation of HEMP effects on a mobile diesel power station under
operating voltage.42
Figure 27 –Types of interference caused by HEMP penetration through the electric
power supply system .43
Figure 28 – HEMP test layout for power systems under operation .44
Table 1 – Data on the arrester firing voltage as a function of the voltage waveform
characteristics (from [6]) .21
Table 2 – The peak pulse currents in kA damaging the fuse SN-1 (from [6]).21
Table 3 – Summary of operational observations at FEMPS [7] .22
Table 4 – Summary of information on radios tested [8].26
Table 5 – Summary of distribution transformer tests [15].38

– 4 – TR 61000-1-3  IEC:2002(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –
Part 1-3: General – The effects of high-altitude EMP (HEMP)
on civil equipment and systems
FOREWORD
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