CLC/TS 50418:2004

SLOVENSKI SIST-TS CLC/TS 50418:2005

STANDARD
december 2005
Varnost strojev – Električno občutljiva zaščitna oprema – Pasivni infrardeči
zaščitni elementi
Safety of machinery – Electro-sensitive protective equipment – Passive infra-red
protective devices (PIPDs)
ICS 13.110; 31.260 Referenčna številka
SIST-TS CLC/TS 50418:2005(en)
©  Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION CLC/TS 50418
SPECIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION January 2004

ICS 13.110; 31.260


English version


Safety of machinery -
Electro-sensitive protective equipment -
Passive infra-red protective devices (PIPDs)









This Technical Specification was approved by CENELEC on 2003-11-01.

CENELEC members are required to announce the existence of this TS in the same way as for an EN and to
make the TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting
national standards in force.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels


© 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.

Ref. No. CLC/TS 50418:2004 E

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CLC/TS 50418:2004 – 2 –
Foreword
This Technical Specification was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 44X,
Safety of machinery: electrotechnical aspects.
The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as
CLC/TS 50418 on 2003-11-01.
This Technical Specification is to be read in conjunction with EN 61496-1:1997.
The following date was fixed:
– latest date by which the existence of the CLC/TS (doa) 2004-04-16
has to be announced at national level
__________

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Contents
Page
Introeucton. 4
1 Scope. 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Definitions. 6
4 Functional and design requirements. 7
4.1 Functional requirements.7
4.1.2 Sensing function.7
4.2 Design requirements.8
4.2.2 Fault detection requirements . 8
4.2.12 Integrity of PIPD detection capability . 9
4.2.13 Test pieces for type testing .10
4.2.14 Wavelength.11
4.3 Environmental requirements.12
4.3.5 Radiation interference.12
4.3.6 Obstruction of the window .12
5 Testing.12
5.2 Functional tests.13
5.2.1 Sensing function and detection capability .13
5.2.2 Response time.13
5.2.4 Periodic test.14
5.2.10 Wavelength.14
5.4 Environmental tests.14
5.4.6 Light interference.14
5.4.7 Thermal radiation interference.17
5.4.8 Pollution interference.18
5.4.9 Manual manipulation by covering the PIPD .19
6 Marking for identification and for safe use .19
6.1 General.19
7 Accompanying documents.20
Annex A (normative) Optional functions of the ESPE.27
A.9 Setting the detection zone and/or other safety-related parameters.27
A.9.1 Functional requirements.27
A.10 Selection of multiple detection zones.28
A.10.1 Functional requirements.28
A.10.2 Verification.28
Annex B (normative) Catalogue of single faults affecting the electrical equipment of the
ESPE, to be applied as specified in 5.3 .29
Annex C (informative) Guidance for use of an PIPD in different applications.30
C.1 General.30
C.2 Example of the use of an PIPD on machinery for whole body presence sensing .31
C.3 Example of the use of an PIPD as a whole body trip device .33
C.4 Example of the use of an PIPD as a hand protective device .34
C.5 Example of the use of an PIPD on a vehicle.35
C.5.1 Stopping distance s .36
sd
C.5.2 Response time of the system (t *V .36
r,sys )
C.5.3 Response time of the driver (t *V .36
r )

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CLC/TS 50418:2004 – 4 –
Introduction
The Technical Specification CLC/TS 50418 has been prepared by CENELEC Technical
Committee TC 44X: Safety of machinery – Electrotechnical aspects, in collaboration with IEC
Technical Committee 44: Safety of machinery – Electrotechnical aspects.
This Technical Specification is to be read in conjunction with EN 61496-1 and supplements or
modifies the corresponding clause in EN 61496-1.
Where a particular clause or subclause of EN 61496-1 is not mentioned in this Technical
Specification, that clause or subclause applies. Where this Technical Specification states
"addition", "modification" or "replacement", the relevant text of EN 61496-1 is to be adapted
accordingly.
This document is being issued in the Technical Specification series of publications (according
to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations subclause 11.3) as a “prospective standard for
provisional application” in the field of safety of machinery because there is an urgent need for
guidance in this field. This document is not to be regarded as a “European Standard”. It is
proposed for provisional application so that information and experience of its use in practice
may be gathered. Comments on the content of this document should be sent to the Secretary
of CENELEC TC 44X.
A review of this Technical Specification will be carried out not later than 3 years after its
publication with the options of
- extension for another 3 years
- conversion into a European Standard; or
- withdrawal.
An electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) is applied to machinery that presents a risk
of personal injury. It provides protection by causing the machine to revert to a safe condition
before a person can be placed in a hazardous situation.
This Technical Specification provides general design and performance requirements of ESPEs
for use over a broad range of applications. Essential features of equipment meeting the
requirements of this Technical Specification are the safety-related performance provided and
the built-in periodic functional checks/self-checks that are specified to ensure that this level of
performance is maintained. It may be used as guidance in dedicated product standards for the
safety of machinery.
This Technical Specification has been prepared as a specification of particular requirements
for electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) using PIPDs specifically related to machinery
safety and has been developed to meet the needs of manufacturers, industrial users and safety
enforcement authorities.
Each type of machine presents its own particular hazards and it is not the purpose of this
Technical Specification to recommend the manner of application of the ESPE to any particular
machine. The application of the ESPE should be a matter for agreement between the
equipment supplier, the machine user and the enforcing authority; in this context, attention is
drawn to the relevant guidance established internationally, for example ISO 12100,
IEC TS 62046.
Only PIPDs designed for safety-related applications should be used as protective equipment.
PIPDs use a relatively new technology which is under consideration by TC44X for possible
inclusion in EN 61496. Until a product standard for PIPDs is published, care should be taken in
the selection and use of these devices. It is recommended to consult the PIPD manufacturer
and other sources of information about their application.

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PIPDs can detect the difference between a person and an inanimate object, provided that the
thermal radiation from the person is different from that of the background. Some PIPDs can
only detect moving persons so they shall not be used as presence sensing devices.
PIPDs detect thermal radiation, and spurious tripping can be caused by the thermal radiation
from objects other than persons, e.g. hot process material, space heaters.

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CLC/TS 50418:2004 – 6 –

1 Scope
This clause of EN 61496-1 is replaced by the following:
This Technical Specification is to be read in conjunction with EN 61496-1:1997. It specifies
requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment
(ESPE) for the safeguarding of machinery, employing passive infra-red protective devices
(PIPDs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features that ensure an
appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE may include optional safety-
related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of EN 61496-1.
This Technical Specification does not specify the different means of thermal radiation detection
nor the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to
hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any
machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine.
PIPDs are devices that have a detection zone specified in three dimensions wherein persons or
parts of persons are detected as a result of their thermal radiation.
Excluded from this part are PIPDs operating at wavelengths outside the range 6 µm to 14 µm.
This Technical Specification may be relevant to applications other than those for the protection
of persons, for example the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In
those applications additional requirements may be necessary, for example when materials that
are not intended to be recognized by the sensing function have similar properties to those of
persons.
This Technical Specification does not deal with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emission
requirements.
2 Normative references
This clause of EN 61496-1 is applicable with the following addition:
EN 61496-1:1997, Safety of machinery - Electro-sensitive protective equipment – Part 1:
General requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1)
3 Definitions
This clause of EN 61496-1 is applicable except as follows:
Amendment: replace 3.5 of EN 61496-1 by the following
3.5
detection zone (DZ)
zone within which the specified test piece(s) will be detected by the electro-sensitive protective
equipment (ESPE) under all conditions specified in this standard (see Figures 1 and 2)
Additional definitions:
3.401
passive infrared protective device (PIPD)
device whose sensing function is performed by a receiving element(s) detecting thermal
radiation emitted by an object placed in, or moving within, the specified detection zone

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– 7 – CLC/TS 50418:2004
3.402
additional detection zone (ADZ)
zone where detection is possible but not certain (see Figures 1 and 2)
3.403
overall detection zone (ODZ)
sum of detection zone and additional detection zone (see Figures 1 and 2)
3.404
target
person or part of a person that is required to be detected when in the detection zone
3.405
background
objects, e.g. walls, floor, in the overall detection zone which are not intended to be detected
3.406
PIPD detection capability
function of the smallest effective area of the target and the thermal resolution of a PIPD that
enables detection of this object when it is placed in, or moving within, the detection zone (see
4.2.12.1)
3.407
trip device
device with one or more OSSDs which go to the off state when a moving person or a moving
part of a person is detected by the sensing function
3.408
presence sensing device
device with one or more OSSDs which go to the off state when a person or a part of a person
enters or is in the detection zone
3.409
thermal resolution (R )
th
minimum difference between target temperature and background temperature that can be
detected in the detection zone with all other parameters fixed
4 Functional and design requirements
This clause of EN 61496-1 is applicable except as follows:
4.1 Functional requirements
Replacement:
4.1.2 Sensing function
4.1.2.1 General
A person or part of a person (target) shall be detected by the contrast between its infra-red
radiation in the range 6 µm to 14 µm, and the infra-red radiation of the background. The
sensing function shall be effective over the detection zone or the defined signal range specified
by the supplier.
The sensing device of a PIPD shall be actuated when a test piece in accordance with 4.2.13 is
in the detection zone, either stationary or moving with specified speeds and directions in
accordance with 4.2.12.3.

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CLC/TS 50418:2004 – 8 –
NOTE The main parameters that can affect the integrity of PIPD detection capability are
- target and background temperature (See 4.2.12.2),
- target and background emissivity,
- target size,
- target speed (See 4.2.12.3).
Combination of these parameters can significantly increase the complexity for the choice of the test piece. An
example is given in 4.2.13. The test pieces defined in 4.2.13 use constant size and emissivity.
4.1.2.2 Configuration of the detection zone
No adjustment of the detection zone or the defined signal range shall be possible without the
use of a key, key-word or tool.
If it is possible for the user to configure the detection zone(s), the necessary equipment and
procedure shall be specified by the supplier.
If a PIPD has more than one detection zone, the means for the selection of which detection
zone(s) is (are) valid shall meet this standard.
NOTE 1 One important measure is the confirmation of input parameters to the PIPD by re-transmitting these input
parameters to the configuration unit and the subsequent confirmation by the user. The selection of detection zones
is not a muting function as described in EN 61496-1, A.7.
NOTE 2 If the PIPD has the facility to configure the detection zone(s), the information shall be provided by the
manufacturer to verify the configured detection zone. This can be done by penetrating all segments of the detection
zone with the test piece (See Clause 7 of EN 61496-1).
4.1.2.3 Types of ESPE
Replacement:
In this Technical Specification, one type of ESPE is considered and it is the responsibility of the
machine supplier and/or the user to prescribe if this type is suitable for a particular application.
This type of ESPE is a type 2 ESPE.
The type 2 ESPE shall fulfil the fault detection requirements of 4.2.2.3 of this Technical
Specification. In normal operation the output circuit of at least one OSSD shall go to the OFF
state when the sensing device is actuated or when the power is removed from the device.
NOTE Other types of ESPE are under consideration and will be specified in future editions of IEC 61496
4.2 Design requirements
4.2.2 Fault detection requirements
4.2.2.2 Particular requirements for a type 1 ESPE
Not applicable
4.2.2.3 Particular requirements for a type 2 ESPE
Addition:
The test signal shall cause actuation of the sensing device.
NOTE 1 The sensing function depends upon the detection of the difference between the radiation emitted by the
target (e.g. a person or part of a person) and the radiation emitted by the background. This can result in a failure to
detect the target under unfavourable conditions. This needs to be taken into account when considering applying an
ESPE using a PIPD to a machine.

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Addition:
When the detection capability can be decreased below the limit stated by the supplier, as a
result of a change of position of components, the fixing of those components shall not rely
solely on friction.
NOTE 2 The use of oblong mounting holes without additional means could lead for example to a change of the
position of the detection zone under mechanical interference such as bump.
Means shall be provided for the secure fixing of the enclosure(s).
4.2.2.4 Particular requirements for a type 3 ESPE
Not applicable
4.2.2.5 Particular requirements for a type 4 ESPE
Not applicable
Addition:
4.2.12 Integrity of PIPD detection capability
4.2.12.1 General requirements
4 2
The PIPD detection capability is determined by the formula R ≤ R .S [K m ] where S is the
es th
smallest effective area of the target in square metres at the maximum specified distance.
(Effective area is the area of a target, projected on a surface perpendicular to the optical axis,
see Figure 1).
NOTE This information is provided by the supplier, see Clause 7.
The PIPD detection capability shall be monitored throughout the detection zone.
The design of the PIPD shall ensure that the detection capability is not decreased below the
limits specified by the supplier and in this standard by any of the following:
- component ageing;
- component tolerances (for example, spectral sensitivity of the receiver element);
- distance-dependent changes of sensitivity related for example to optics;
- limits of adjustment;
- insecure fixing of optical and mechanical components within the PIPD;
- environmental interference, especially:
1. system noise;
2. electrical interference according to 4.3.2 of EN 61496-1;
3. pollution on the surface of the window of the housing;
4. condensation on the surface of the window of the housing;
5. ambient temperature;
6. ambient light;
7. background (for example contrast between object and background);
8. vibration and bump;
9. humidity;
10. supply voltage variations and interruptions.

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CLC/TS 50418:2004 – 10 –
If a single fault (as specified in Annex B of EN 61496-1), which under normal operating
conditions (see 5.1.2.1 of EN 61496-1) would not result in a loss of PIPD detection capability
but, when occurring with a combination of the conditions specified above would result in such a
loss, that fault together with the combination of conditions shall be considered as a single fault
and the PIPD shall respond to such a single fault as required in 4.2.2.3.
4.2.12.2 Thermal resolution R
th
4 4 4
The minimum detectable R = |∈ T - ∈ T | [K ]
th T T B B
where
∈ is the target emissivity
T
T is the target temperature in Kelvins
T
∈ is the background emissivity
B
T is the background temperature in Kelvins
B
The supplier shall specify the thermal resolution (at ∈ =∈ = 0,9; T = 300 K) which shall be
T B B
8 4
not greater than R = 1,9 x 10 K .
th
4.2.12.3 Test piece speed and direction
The supplier shall state the range of speeds and directions according to a coordinate system
relative to the PIPD within which the test piece is detected (for example, see Figure 3). The
range of speeds shall be at least 0,2 m/s to 1,6 m/s for PIPDs suitable for use as trip devices
only. For PIPDs suitable for use as presence sensing devices, the range of speeds shall be at
least 0 m/s to 1,6 m/s.
NOTE If the PIPD is to be mounted on a moving machine the speed of the machine needs to be considered.
4.2.13 Test pieces for type testing
4.2.13.1 General
There are two types of test piece, which take into consideration different configurations of
detection of a person. A cylindrical test piece is used to simulate a person in cases where the
test piece impinges the detection zone at an angle α = 0° to 80° (front view, side view). A flat
test piece is used to simulate a person for values of the angle α from 80° to 90° (top view).
The surface of the test piece shall have a temperature value in accordance with 4.2.12.2. The
temperature of the test piece shall be controlled in accordance with 5.1.2.2.

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4.2.13.2 Cylindrical test piece
The test piece shall be cylindrical with characteristics according to Table 1.
Table 1
To simulate Size: (a)mm x Emissivity Temperature
(b)mm
|T - T |
T B
Person (front 70 x 600 2 K
0,9 ± 0,05
view, side view)
 a
b
4.2.13.3 Flat test piece
The test piece shall be rectangular (a) mm x (b) mm, thickness 40 mm to 50 mm with
characteristics according to Table 2.

Table 2
To simulate Size: (a)mm x Emissivity Temperature
(b)mm
|T - T |
T B
Person (top view) 200 x 200 0,9 ± 0,05 2 K

4.2.14 Wavelength
A PIPD shall operate at a wavelength within the range 6 µm to 14 µm.

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CLC/TS 50418:2004 – 12 –
4.3 Environmental requirements
Addition to EN 61496-1:
4.3.5 Radiation interference
The ESPE shall continue in normal operation when subjected to
- incandescent light,
- fluorescent light with high frequency electronic power supply.
The ESPE shall not fail to danger when subjected to
- high intensity incandescent light (simulated daylight using a quartz lamp),
- stroboscopic light,
- thermal radiation interference,
- sudden variations of ambient temperature.
These requirements are verified by the tests in 5.4.6 and 5.4.6.6.
NOTE Additional safety measures may be necessary for other forms of interference radiation which can be
present in a particular application, e.g. radiation from weld spatter, to ensure that the system does not fail to
danger.
4.3.6 Obstruction of the window
The ESPE shall not fail to danger when the window becomes obstructed by pollution or
manipulation (e.g. covering the window).
This requirement is verified by the tests in 5.4.8 and 5.4.9.
5 Testing
This clause of EN 61496-1 is applicable except as follows:
5.1.2.1 Test environment
Addition:
- background; flat and homogeneous and at the ambient temperature with the same
emissivity as that of the test piece;
5.1.2.2 Measurement accuracy
Addition:
- for emissivity measurements: ± 5 %.
- for measurements of temperature difference between target and background: ± 0,1.

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5.2 Functional tests
5.2.1 Sensing function and detection capability
Replacement:
5.2.1.1 Sensing function
It shall be verified that the sensing device is actuated and that the OSSD(s) go to the OFF-
state as described below, taking into account the operating principle of the PIPD and, in
particular, the techniques used to provide tolerance to environmental interference.
For a PIPD that can only detect a moving test piece (i.e. it can only be used as a trip device),
by moving the test piece through the detection zone
- at speeds inside the speed range stated in 4.2.12.3,
- in the directions of movement specified by the supplier
that are considered critical as a result of the analysis in 5.2.1.2.
In addition, for a PIPD that can also detect a stationary test piece, (i.e. it can be used both as a
presence-sensing device and as a trip device), by placing the test piece in the detection zone
at any position considered critical as a result of the analysis in 5.2.1.2.
5.2.1.2 Integrity of the PIPD detection capability
It shall be verified that the PIPD detection capability is maintained or the ESPE does not fail to
danger, by systematic analysis of the design of the PIPD and by testing where appropriate,
taking into account all combinations of the conditions specified in 4.1.2 and 4.2.12, and the
faults specified in Annex B. The results of the systematic analysis shall identify which tests in
5.4 require, in addition, a measurement of the response time.
5.2.2 Response time
5.2.2.1 General
The response time shall be verified by systematic analysis and test.
The response time may be determined by electrical simulation of an actuation, provided that it
includes the maximum time between the event triggering the actuation of the sensing device
and the OSSD(s) going to the OFF-state.
5.2.2.2 Measurement of response time
The test piece used shall be the smaller of the test pieces defined in 4.2.13.2 or 4.2.13.3 that is
within the specification of the supplier.
The reference position for the response time measurement is the first position at which the test
piece is detected when moved into the sensing field of the PIPD under worst case conditions
determined by analysis.
A reference sensing device (for example a photoelectric switch) shall be placed so that it can
detect the test piece at the reference position (see Figure 4). The response time of this
reference sensing device t shall be not more than 5 % of the PIPD response time t .
ref r
NOTE For typical PIPD response times of 50 ms or more, an active infrared photo-electric switch with a solid-state
output (response time typically 1 ms) can be used as a reference sensing device.

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CLC/TS 50418:2004 – 14 –
The test piece shall be removed from the sensing field of the PIPD. The test piece shall then
be moved to the reference position at the maximum and minimum speeds specified by the
supplier in the case of a PIPD that can be used as a trip device. For a PIPD that can be used
as a presence sensing device, the maximum speedshall be used, but not less than 1,6 m/s.
A calibrated oscilloscope or time counter shall be used to measure the time difference dt
between actuation of the reference device and actuation of the PIPD.
This time difference (dt) shall be noted, dt = t - t
r ref
The PIPD response time is t = dt + t
r ref
5.2.4 Periodic test
Replacement:
For a type 2 ESPE, the application of the test signal to the periodic test signal input to cause
the OSSD(s) to go to the OFF-state shall be monitored. The total time for the test shall not
exceed 150 ms.
5.2.10 Wavelength
The operating wavelength shall be verified by inspection of component data sheets or by
measurement.
5.4 Environmental tests
Addition:
5.4.6 Light interference
5.4.6.1 General
Each test shall be carried out at the minimum a
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