EN 55016-1-1:2004

SLOVENSKI SIST EN 55016-1-1:2005

STANDARD
julij 2005
Specifikacija za merilne naprave in metode za merjenje radijskih motenj in
odpornosti – 1-1. del: Merilne naprave za merjenje radijskih motenj in
odpornosti – Merilne naprave (CISPR 16-1-1:2003)
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods
– Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus (CISPR 16-1-1:2003)
ICS 17.220.20; 33.100.20 Referenčna številka
©  Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno

INTERNATIONAL
CISPR
ELECTROTECHNICAL
16-1-1
COMMISSION
First edition
2003-11
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus and methods –
Part 1-1:
Radio disturbance and immunity measuring
apparatus – Measuring apparatus
 IEC 2003 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
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CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.9
TABLE RECAPITULATING CROSS-REFERENCES .11

1 Scope.13
2 Normative references .13
3 Definitions .17
4 Quasi-peak measuring receivers for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz .21
5 Peak measuring receivers for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz.45
6 Average measuring receivers for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz.49
7 RMS measuring receivers for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz .55
8 Spectrum analyzers and scanning receivers .59
9 Audio-frequency voltmeter.63
10 Disturbance analyzers .71

Annex A (normative) Determination of response to repeated pulses of quasi-peak and
r.m.s. measuring receivers (subclauses 3.2, 4.4.2, 7.2.2 and 7.4.1) .89
Annex B (normative) Determination of pulse g enerator spectrum (subclauses 4.4, 5.4,
6.4, 7.4).99
Annex C (normative) Accurate measurements of the output of nanosecond pulse
generators (subclauses 4.4, 5.4, 6.4, 7.4) .103
Annex D (normative) Influence of the quasi-peak measuring receiver characteristics
on its pulse response (subclause 4.4.2) .107
Annex E (normative) Response of average and peak measuring receivers (subclause
6.2.1).109
Annex F (normative) Performance check of the exceptions from the definitions of a
click according to 4.2.3 of CISPR 14-1.117

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
___________
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –

Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Measuring apparatus
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard CISPR 16-1-1 has been prepared by CISPR subcommittee A: Radio
interference measurements and statistical methods.
This first edition of CISPR 16-1-1, together with CISPR 16-1-2, CISPR 16-1-3, CISPR 16-1-4
and CISPR 16-1-5, cancels and replaces the second edition of CISPR 16-1, published in
1999, amendment 1 (2002) and amendment 2 (2003). It contains the relevant clauses of
CISPR 16-1 without technical changes.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 7 –
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2004. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 9 –
INTRODUCTION
CISPR 16-1, CISPR 16-2, CISPR 16-3 and CISPR 16-4 have been reorganised into 14 parts,
to accommodate growth and easier maintenance. The new parts have also been renumbered.
See the list given below.
Old CISPR 16 publications New CISPR 16 publications
CISPR 16-1-1 Measuring apparatus
CISPR 16-1-2 Ancillary equipment – Conducted disturbances
Radio disturbance
and immunity
CISPR 16-1-3 Ancillary equipment – Disturbance power
CISPR 16-1
measuring
apparatus
Ancillary equipment – Radiated disturbances
CISPR 16-1-4
Antenna calibration test sites for 30 MHz to
CISPR 16-1-5
1 000 MHz
CISPR 16-2-1 Conducted disturbance measurements
Methods of
Measurement of disturbance power
CISPR 16-2-2
measurement of
CISPR 16-2
disturbances and
CISPR 16-2-3 Radiated disturbance measurements
immunity
CISPR 16-2-4
Immunity measurements
CISPR 16-3 CISPR technical reports
Uncertainties in standardised EMC tests
CISPR 16-4-1
Reports and
CISPR 16-3 Measurement instrumentation uncertainty
recommendations CISPR 16-4-2
of CISPR
Statistical considerations in the
CISPR 16-4-3
determination of EMC compliance of mass-
produced products
Statistics of complaints and a model for the
Uncertainty in EMC
CISPR 16-4 CISPR 16-4-4
calculation of limits
measurements
More specific information on the relation between the ‘old’ CISPR 16-1 and the present ‘new’
CISPR 16-1-1 is given in the table after this introduction (TABLE RECAPITULATING CROSS
REFERENCES).
Measurement instrumentation specifications are given in five new parts of CISPR 16-1, while
the methods of measurement are covered now in four new parts of CISPR 16-2. Various
reports with further information and background on CISPR and radio disturbances in general
are given in CISPR 16-3. CISPR 16-4 contains information related to uncertainties, statistics
and limit modelling.
CISPR 16-1 consists of the following parts, under the general title Specification for radio
disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods – Radio disturbance and
immunity measuring apparatus:
Part 1-1: Measuring apparatus,
Part 1-2: Ancillary equipment – Conducted disturbances,
Part 1-3: Ancillary equipment – Disturbance power,
Part 1-4: Ancillary equipment – Radiated disturbances,
Part 1-5: Antenna calibration test sites for 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz.

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 11 –

TABLE RECAPITULATING CROSS-REFERENCES

Second edition of CISPR 16-1 First edition of CISPR 16-1-1
Clauses, subclauses Clauses, subclauses
1 1
2 2
3 3
4.1 4
4.2 5
4.3 6
4.4 7
4.5 8
4.6 9
5.4 10
Annexes Annexes
A A
B B
C C
D D
E E
Y F
Figures Figures
1,.,3 1,.,3
60, 61 4, 5
4,.,6 6,.,8
11, 12 9, 10
21, 22 E.1, E.2
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 13 –

SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –

Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Measuring apparatus
1 Scope
This part of CISPR 16 is designated a basic standard, which specifies the characteristics and
performance of equipment for the measurement of radio disturbance voltages, currents and
fields in the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz. In addition, requirements are specified for
specialized equipment for discontinuous disturbance measurements. The requirements
include the measurement of broadband and narrowband types of radio disturbance.
The receiver types covered include the following:
a) the quasi-peak measuring receiver,
b) the peak measuring receiver,
c) the average measuring receiver,
d) the r.m.s. measuring receiver.
In addition there are specifications for spectrum analyzers, scanning receivers and audio-
frequency voltmeters.
The requirements of this publication shall be complied with at all frequencies and for all levels
of radio disturbance voltages, currents, power or field strengths within the CISPR indicating
range of the measuring equipment.
Methods of measurement are covered in Part 2, and further information on radio disturbance
is given in Part 3 of CISPR 16. Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling are covered in
Part 4 of CISPR 16.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CISPR 11:2003, Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment – Electro-
magnetic disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
CISPR 14-1:2000, Electromagnetic compatibility – Requirements for household appliances,
electric tools and similar apparatus – Part 1: Emission
CISPR 16-1-2:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Ancillary
equipment – Conducted disturbances
CISPR 16-1-3:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-3: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Ancillary
equipment – Disturbance power
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 15 –

CISPR 16-1-4:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Ancillary
equipment - Radiated disturbances
CISPR 16-1-5:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-5: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Antenna
calibration test sites for 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
CISPR 16-2-1:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of immunity and disturbance – Conducted
disturbance measurements
CISPR 16-2-2:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 2-2: Methods of measurement of immunity and disturbance –
Measurement of disturbance power
CISPR 16-2-3:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 2-3: Methods of measurement of immunity and disturbance – Radiated
disturbance measurements
CISPR 16-2-4:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 2-4: Methods of measurement of immunity and disturbance – Immunity
measurements
CISPR 16-3:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and Immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 3: CISPR technical reports
CISPR 16-4-1:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 4-1: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Uncertainties in
standardized EMC tests
CISPR 16-4-2:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 4-2: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Measurement
instrumentation uncertainty
CISPR 16-4-3:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 4-3: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Statistical
considerations in the determination of EMC compliance of mass-produced products
CISPR 16-4-4:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 4-4: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Statistics of complaints
and a model for the calculation of limits
IEC 60050(161):1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161:
Electromagnetic compatibility
Amendment 1:1997 and Amendment 2:1998
IEC 60315-3:1999, Methods of measurement or radio receivers for various classes of
emissions – Part 3: Receivers for amplitude-modulated sound-broadcasting emissions
IEC 60315-4:1997, Methods of measurement or radio receivers for various classes of
emissions – Part 4: Radio-frequency measurements on receivers for frequency modulated
sound-broadcasting emissions
ITU-R Recommendation BS.468-4:1986, Measurement of audio-frequency noise voltage level
in sound broadcasting
ITU-T Recommendation P. 53 of Blue Book (1989), Volume V – Psophometers (apparatus for
the objective measurement of circuit noise). See also ITU-R Rec. O.41 (10/94).

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 17 –

International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology, International Organization
for Standardization, Geneva, 2nd edition, 1993
3 Definitions
For the purpose of this part of CISPR 16, the following definitions apply. Also see
IEC 60050(161).
3.1
bandwidth (B )
n
the width of the overall selectivity curve of the receiver between two points at a stated
attenuation, below the midband response. The bandwidth is represented by the symbol B ,
n
where n is the stated attenuation in decibels.
3.2
impulse bandwidth (B )
imp
B = A(t) / (2 G × IS)
imp max o
where
A(t) is the peak of the envelope at the IF output of the receiver with an impulse area IS
max
applied at the receiver input;
G is the gain of the circuit at the centre frequency.
o
Specifically for two critically-coupled tuned transformers,
B = 1,05 × B = 1,31 × B
imp 6 3
where
B and B are respectively the bandwidths at the –6 dB and –3 dB points (see clause A.2 in
6 3
annex A for further information).
3.3
impulse area (IS)
the impulse area (sometimes called impulse strength, IS) is the voltage-time area of a pulse
defined by the integral:
+∞
IS = V d(t) t (expressed in µVs or dB(µVs))
∫
−∞
NOTE Spectral density (D) is related to impulse area and expressed in µV/MHz or dB(µV/MHz). For rectangular
impulses of pulse duration T at frequencies f << 1/T, the relationship D (µV/MHz) = 2 × 10 IS (µVs) applies.
3.4
electrical charge time constant (T )
C
the time needed after the instantaneous application of a constant sine-wave voltage to the
stage immediately preceding the input of the detector for the output voltage of the detector to
reach 63 % of its final value
NOTE This time constant is determined as follows: A sine-wave signal of constant amplitude and having a
frequency equal to the mid-band frequency of the i.f. amplifier is applied to the input of the stage immediately
preceding the detector. The indication, D, of an instrument having no inertia (e.g., a cathode-ray oscilloscope)
connected to a terminal in the d.c. amplifier circuit so as not to affect the behaviour of the detector, is noted. The
level of the signal is chosen such that the response of the stages concerned remains within the linear operating
range. A sine-wave signal of this level, applied for a limited time only and having a wave train of rectangular
envelope is gated such that the deflection registered is 0,63D. The duration of this signal is equal to the charge
time of the detector.
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 19 –

3.5
electrical discharge time constant (T )
D
the time needed after the instantaneous removal of a constant sine-wave voltage applied to
the stage immediately preceding the input of the detector for the output of the detector to fall
to 37 % of its initial value
NOTE The method of measurement is analogous to that for the charge time constant, but instead of a signal
being applied for a limited time, the signal is interrupted for a definite time. The time taken for the deflection to fall
to 0,37D is the discharge time constant of the detector.
3.6
mechanical time constant (T ) of a critically damped indicating instrument
M
T = T / 2π
M L
where
T is the period of free oscillation of the instrument with all damping removed.
L
NOTE 1 For a critically damped instrument, the equation of motion of the system may be written as:
2 2 2
T (d α / dt ) + 2T (dα / dt) + α = ki
M M
where
α is the deflection;
i is the current through the instrument;
k is a constant.
It can be deduced from this relation that this time constant is also equal to the duration of a rectangular pulse (of
constant amplitude) that produces a deflection equal to 35 % of the steady deflection produced by a continuous
current having the same amplitude as that of the rectangular pulse.
NOTE 2 The methods of measurement and adjustment are deduced from one of the following:
a) The period of free oscillation having been adjusted to 2πT , damping is added so that αT = 0,35α .
M max
b) When the period of oscillation cannot be measured, the damping is adjusted to be just below critical such that
the overswing is not greater than 5 % and the moment of inertia of the movement is such that αT = 0,35α .
max
3.7
overload factor
the ratio of the level that corresponds to the range of practical linear function of a circuit (or a
group of circuits) to the level that corresponds to full-scale deflection of the indicating
instrument
The maximum level at which the steady-state response of a circuit (or group of circuits) does
not depart by more than 1 dB from ideal linearity defines the range of practical linear function
of the circuit (or group of circuits).
3.8
symmetric voltage
in a two-wire circuit, such as a single-phase mains supply, the symmetric voltage is the radio-
frequency disturbance voltage appearing between the two wires. This is sometimes called the
differential mode voltage. If Va is the vector voltage between one of the mains terminals and
earth and Vb is the vector voltage between the other mains terminal and earth, the symmetric
voltage is the vector difference (Va-Vb)
3.9
CISPR indicating range
it is the range specified by the manufacturer which gives the maximum and the minimum
meter indications within which the receiver meets the requirements of this section of
CISPR 16
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 21 –

4 Quasi-peak measuring receivers for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz
The receiver specification depends on the frequency of operation. There is one receiver
specification covering the frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz (band A), one covering 150 kHz
to 30 MHz (band B), one covering 30 MHz to 300 MHz (band C), and one covering 300 MHz
to 1 000 MHz (band D).
4.1 Input impedance
The input circuit of measuring receivers shall be unbalanced. For receiver control settings
within the CISPR indicating range, the input impedance shall be nominally 50 Ω with a v.s.w.r.
not to exceed 2,0 to 1 when the RF attenuation is 0 and 1,2 to 1 when the RF attenuation is
10 dB or greater.
Symmetric input impedance in the frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz: to permit symmetrical
measurements a balanced input transformer is used. The preferred input impedance for the
frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz is 600 Ω. This symmetric input impedance may be
incorporated either in the relevant symmetrical artificial network necessary to couple to the
receiver or optionally in the measuring receiver.
4.2 Fundamental characteristics
The responses to pulses as specified in 4.4 are calculated on the basis of the measuring
receivers having the following fundamental characteristics.
Table 1 – Fundamental characteristics of quasi-peak receivers
Frequency band
Characteristics Band A Band B Bands C and D
9 kHz to 150 kHz 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
Bandwidth at the –6 dB points,   0,20   9 120
B in kHz
Detector electrical charge time  45   1   1
constant, in ms
Detector electrical discharge time 500 160 550
constant, in ms
Mechanical time constant of critically 160 160 100
damped indicating instrument, in ms
Overload factor of circuits preceding  24  30  43,5
the detector, in dB
Overload factor of the d.c. amplifier   6  12   6
between detector and indicating
instrument, in dB
NOTE 1 The definition of mechanical time constant (see 3.6) assumes that the indicating instrument is linear,
i.e., equal increments of current produce equal increments of deflection. An indicating instrument having a
different relation between current and deflection may be used provided that the instrument satisfies the
requirements of this subclause. In an electronic instrument, the mechanical time-constant may be simulated by a
circuit.
NOTE 2 No tolerance is given for the electrical and mechanical time constants. The actual values used in a
specific receiver will be determined by the design to meet the requirements in 4.4

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 23 –

4.3 Sine-wave voltage accuracy
The accuracy of measurement of sine-wave voltages shall be better than ±2 dB when supplied
with a sine-wave signal at 50 Ω resistance source impedance.
4.4 Response to pulses
NOTE Annexes B and C describe methods for determining the output characteristics of a pulse generator for use
in testing the requirements of this subclause.
4.4.1 Amplitude relationship (absolute calibration)
The response of the measuring receiver to pulses of impulse area of a) µVs (microvolt
second) e.m.f. at 50 Ω source impedance, having a uniform spectrum up to at least b) MHz,
repeated at a frequency of c) Hz shall, for all frequencies of tuning, be equal to the response
to an unmodulated sine-wave signal at the tuned frequency having an e.m.f. of r.m.s. value 2
mV (66 dB(µV)). The source impedances of the pulse generator and the signal generator shall
both be the same. A tolerance of ±1,5 dB shall be permitted on the sine-wave voltage level.
NOTE A lower impulse area may be used together with a proportionally lower amplitude for the unmodulated
sinewave input, provided sufficient signal-to-noise ratio is maintained.
Table 2 – Test pulse characteristics for quasi-peak
measuring receivers
Frequency range b) MHz c) Hz
a) µVs
9 kHz to 150 kHz 13,5 0,15 25
0,15 MHz to 30 MHz 0,316 30 100
30 MHz to 300 MHz 0,044 300 100
300 MHz to 1 000 MHz 0,044 1 000 100

4.4.2 Variation with repetition frequency (relative calibration)
The response of the measuring receiver to repeated pulses shall be such that for a constant
indication on the measuring receiver, the relationship between amplitude and repetition
frequency is in accordance with figures 1a, 1b or 1c.

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 25 –

IEC  1290/99
Figure 1a – Pulse response curve (Band A)

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 27 –

IEC  1291/99
Figure 1b – Pulse response curve (Band B)
Figure 1c – Pulse response curve (Bands C and D)

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 29 –

The response curve for a particular measuring receiver shall lie between the limits defined in
the appropriate figure and quantified in table 3.

Table 3 – Pulse response of quasi-peak receivers
Relative equivalent level in dB of pulse for stated band
Repetition
frequency
Band A Band B Band C Band D
9 kHz to 150 kHz 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz 30 MHz to 300 MHz 300 MHz to 1 000 MHz
Hz
1 000 Note 4
–4,5 ± 1,0 –8,0 ± 1,0 –8,0 ± 1,0
100 –4,0 ± 1,0 0 (ref.) 0 (ref.) 0 (ref.)
60 – – –
–0,3 ± 1,0
25 0 (ref.) – – –
20 –
+6,5 ± 1,0 +9,0 ± 1,0 +9,0 ± 1,0
+4,0 ± 1,0 +10,0 ± 1,5 +14,0 ± 1,5 +14,0 ± 1,5
5 +7,5 ± 1,0 – – –
+13,0 ± 2,0 +20,5 ± 2,0 +26,0 ± 2,0 +26,0 ± 2,0*
1 +17,0 ± 2,0 +22,5 ± 2,0 +28,5 ± 2,0 +28,5 ± 2,0*
Isolated pulse
+19,0 ± 2,0 +23,5 ± 2,0 +31,5 ± 2,0 +31,5 ± 2,0*
NOTE 1 The influence of the receiver characteristics upon its pulse response is considered in annex D.
NOTE 2 The relationships between the pulse responses of a quasi-peak receiver and receivers with other
detector types are given in 5.4, 6.4.1 and 7.4.1.
NOTE 3 The theoretical pulse response curves of quasi-peak and average detector receivers combined on an
absolute scale are shown in figure 1d. The ordinate of figure 1d shows the open-circuit impulse areas in dB(µVs)
corresponding to the open-circuit sine-wave voltage of 66 dB(µV) r.m.s. The indication on a measuring receiver
with an input matched to the calibrating generators will then be 60 dB(µV). Where the measuring bandwidth is less
than the pulse repetition frequency, the curves of figure 1d are valid when the receiver is tuned to a discrete line
of the spectrum.
NOTE 4 It is not possible to specify a response above 100 Hz in the frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz because
of the overlapping of pulses in the i.f. amplifier.
NOTE 5 Annex A deals with the determination of the curve of response to repeated pulses.
NOTE 6 The pulse response is restricted due to overload at the input to the receiver at frequencies above
300 MHz. The values marked with an asterisk (*) in the table are optional and are not essential.

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 31 –

IEC  1293/99
Figure 1d – Theoretical pulse response curve of quasi-peak detector receivers
and average detector receiver (see 6.4.2)

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 33 –

4.5 Selectivity
4.5.1 Overall selectivity (passband)
The curve representing the overall selectivity of the measuring receiver shall lie within the
limits shown in figures 2a, 2b or 2c.
Selectivity shall be described by the variation with frequency of the amplitude of the input
sine-wave voltage that produces a constant indication on the measuring receiver.
NOTE For the measurement of equipment that requires higher selectivity at the transition between 130 kHz and
150 kHz (e.g. mains signalling equipment as defined in EN 50065-1/A2), a highpass filter may be added in front of
the measuring receiver to achieve the following combined selectivity of CISPR measuring receiver and highpass
filter:
Frequency Relative attenuation
kHz dB
≤1
≤6
145 ≥6
≥34
130 ≥81
The measuring receiver in conjunction with the highpass filter should fulfil the requirements of this standard.

4.5.2 Intermediate frequency rejection ratio
The ratio of the input sine-wave voltage at the intermediate frequency to that at the tuned
frequency that produces the same indication of the measuring receiver shall be not less than
40 dB. Where more than one intermediate frequency is used, this requirement shall be met at
each intermediate frequency.
4.5.3 Image frequency rejection ratio
The ratio of the input sine-wave voltage at the image frequency to that at the tuned frequency
that produces the same indication on the measuring receiver shall be not less than 40 dB.
Where more than one intermediate frequency is used, this requirement shall be met at the
image frequencies corresponding to each intermediate frequency.

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 35 –

IEC  1294/99
Figure 2a – Limits of overall selectivity – pass-band
(see 4.5.1, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5) (Band A)

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 37 –

IEC  1295/99
Figure 2b – Limits of overall selectivity – pass-band (see 4.5.1, 5.5, 6.5) (Band B)
IEC  1296/99
Figure 2c – Limits of overall selectivity – pass-band (see 4.5.1, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5)
(Bands C and D)
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 39 –

4.5.4 Other spurious responses
The ratio of the input sine-wave voltage at frequencies other than those specified in 4.5.2 and
4.5.3 to that at the tuned frequency that produces the same indication on the measuring
receiver shall be not less than 40 dB. Examples of the frequencies from which such spurious
responses may occur are as follows:
(1/m) (nf ± f ) and (1/k) (f )
L i o
where
m, n, k are integers;
f is the local oscillator frequency;
L
f is the intermediate frequency;
i
f is the tuned frequency.
o
NOTE Where more than one intermediate frequency is used, the frequencies f and f may refer to each of the
L i
local oscillator and intermediate frequencies used. In addition, spurious responses may occur when no input signal
is applied to the measuring receiver; for example, when harmonics of the local oscillators differ in frequency by one
of the intermediate frequencies. The requirements under this heading therefore cannot apply in these latter cases.
The effect of these spurious responses is dealt with in 4.7.2.
4.6 Limitation of intermodulation effects
The response of the measuring receiver shall not be influenced by intermodulation effects
when tested as follows.
Arrange the apparatus as shown in figure 3. The pulse generator has a spectrum substantially
uniform up to frequency 3) but at least 10 dB down at frequency 4) of the frequencies given in
table 4. The band-stop filter has an attenuation at the test frequency of at least 40 dB. Its
bandwidth, B , relative to the maximum attenuation of the filter shall lie between the
frequencies 1) and 2) given in table 4.

IEC  129 7/99
Responses:
α = α
1a 2a
α = α – 40 dB
1b 1a
α = α – 36 dB
2b 2a
Figure 3 – Arrangement for testing intermodulation effects

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 41 –

Table 4 – Bandwidth characteristics for inter-modulation test
of quasi-peak measuring receivers
Frequency range
1) kHz 2) kHz 3) MHz 4) MHz
9 kHz to 150 kHz (band A) 0,4 4 0,15 0,3
0,15 MHz to 30 MHz (band B) 20 200 30 60
30 MHz to 300 MHz (band C) 500 2 000 300 600
300 MHz to 1 000 MHz (band D) 500 6 000 1 000 2 000

Connect the sine-wave generator output direct to the measuring receiver input and adjust for
a convenient reading. Substitute the pulse generator for the sine-wave generator and adjust
for the same reading. The pulse repetition frequency shall be 100 Hz for band A and 1 000 Hz
for the other bands.
With the pulse generator connected as described above, switching the filter into circuit shall
introduce attenuation of not less than 36 dB.
4.7 Limitation of receiver noise and internally generated spurious signals
4.7.1 Random noise
The background noise shall not introduce an error in excess of 1 dB.
NOTE For a measuring apparatus incorporating attenuation in the intermediate frequency amplifier, this condition
will be regarded as being satisfied if the apparatus complies with the following test:
, such that the
A sine-wave signal is applied to the input of the measuring apparatus and adjusted to a value S
output meter shows a reference deflection θ. An attenuation of 10 dB is introduced in the intermediate-frequency
stages. The level of the input signal is increased to S so as to restore the output meter to the deflection θ. The
increase of the level of the input signal (S – S ) shall be between 10 dB and 11 dB.
2 1
4.7.2 Continuous wave
Where more than one intermediate frequency is used, the existence of spurious responses as
described in the note to 4.5.4 shall not introduce a measurement error in excess of 1 dB for
any signal input to the measuring receiver. For a measuring receiver incorporating attenuation
in the i.f. amplifier, this requirement shall be regarded as satisfied if the receiver complies
with 4.7.1 when tested as described in 4.7.1, except that the attenuation in the intermediate
stages shall be introduced after the last mixer stage.
4.8 Screening effectiveness
Screening effectiveness is a measure of the ability of the measuring receiver to operate in an
electromagnetic field without degradation. The requirement applies to receivers operating
within the "CISPR indication range" specified by the manufacturer as described in 3.9.
The screening of the receiver shall be such that when it is immersed in an ambient
electromagnetic field of 3 V/m (unmodulated) at any frequency in the range 9 kHz to
1 000 MHz, an error of not greater than 1 dB is produced at the maximum and minimum of the
CISPR indicating range as specified by the manufacturer of the receiver. In cases where a
measuring receiver is not immune to the requirement of 3 V/m, the field strength and
frequency at which the error exceeds 1 dB shall be stated by the manufacturer. The test shall
be performed as described below.

CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 43 –

The receiver is placed inside a screened enclosure. An input signal is applied to the receiver
via a 2 m long well-screened cable (e.g. semi-rigid), through a feedthrough in the enclosure
wall, to a signal generator placed outside the enclosure. The level of the input signal shall be
at the maximum and the minimum of the CISPR indication range as specified by the
manufacturer of the receiver. All other coaxial terminals of the receiver shall be terminated in
their characteristic impedance.
Only essential leads (e.g. mains and input cables) for the normal use of the measuring
receiver in its minimum configuration (excluding options such as headphones) shall be
connected during the test. The leads shall have the lengths and be arranged as in typical use.
The strength of the ambient field in the vicinity of the measuring receiver shall be measured
by a field strength monitor.
The receiver meter indication in the presence of the ambient electromagnetic field shall differ
by not more than 1 dB from the meter indication when the field is absent.
4.8.1 Limitation of radio-frequency emissions from the measuring receiver
4.8.1.1 Conducted emissions
The radio disturbance voltage at any connecting pin of external lines (not only the mains
terminals) shall not exceed the limits for class B equipment given in 5.1 of CISPR 11.
The measurement of the radio disturbance voltage is however not required on the inner
conductors of screened connections to screened equipment. The local oscillator injection
power at the measuring receiver input terminated with its characteristic impedance shall not
exceed 34 dB(pW) which is equivalent to 50 µV across 50 Ω.
4.8.1.2 Radiated emissions
The radio disturbance field strength emitted by the measuring receiver shall not exceed the
limits for class B equipment given in 5.2 of CISPR 11, for the frequency range of 9 kHz to
1 000 MHz. The limits shall also apply for frequency bands (ISM frequencies) listed in table 1
of the same publication. In the frequency range of 1 GHz to 18 GHz, a limit of 45 dB(pW) shall
apply.
Before performing radiated and conducted emission measurements, it is essential that the
noise contributions of the test equipment do not affect the measured results (e.g. computer
control).
4.9 Facilities for connection to a discontinuous disturbance analyzer
For all bands the disturbance measuring receiver shall have both an intermediate-frequency
output and an output from the quasi-peak detector for the measurement of discontinuous
disturbance. The loading of these outputs shall have no influence on the indicating
instrument.
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 45 –

5 Peak measuring receivers for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz
This clause specifies requirements for measuring receivers employing a peak detector when
used for the measurement of impulsive disturbance.
5.1 Input impedance
The input circuit of measuring receivers shall be unbalanced. For receiver control settings
within the CISPR indicating range, the input impedance shall be nominally 50 Ω with a VSWR
not to exceed 2,0 to 1 when the RF attenuation is 0 and 1,2 to 1 when the RF attenuation is
10 dB or greater.
Symmetric input impedance in the frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz: To permit symmetric
measurements a balanced input transformer is used. The preferred input impedance is 600 Ω
for the frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz. This symmetric input impedance may be
incorporated either in the relevant symmetrical artificial network necessary to couple to the
receiver or optionally in the measuring receiver.
5.2 Fundamental characteristics
5.2.1 Bandwidth
For all types of broadband disturbance except non-overlapping disturbance, the actual value
of the bandwidth shall be stated when the disturbance level is quoted and the bandwidth at
the 6 dB points shall lie within the values in table 5.
Table 5 – Bandwidth requirements
Frequency range Bandwidth B Preferred BW
9 kHz to 150 kHz (band A) 100 Hz to 300 Hz 200 Hz
0,15 MHz to 30 MHz (band B) 8 kHz to 10 kHz 9 kHz
30 MHz to 300 MHz (bands C and D) 100 kHz to 500 kHz 120 kHz
NOTE Since the response of a peak measuring receiver to non-overlapping pulses is proportional to
its impulse bandwidth, either the actual bandwidth is quoted in the result or the level may be quoted
as that "in a 1 MHz bandwidth" calculated by dividing the measured value by the impulse bandwidth
in MHz (see 3.2). For other types of broadband disturbance this procedure would introduce an error.

5.2.2 Charge and discharge time constants ratio
In order to achieve a meter reading within 10 % of the true value of the peak at a repetition
rate of 1 Hz, the discharge time constant to charge time constant ratio shall be not less than
the values given below.
a) 1,89 × 10 in the frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz;
b) 1,25 × 10 in the frequency range 150 kHz to 30 MHz;
c) 1,67 × 10 in the frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz.
If a peak-hold facility is incorporated, the hold time shall be capable of being set to values
between 30 ms and 3 s.
NOTE Care should be taken to ensure that any recording instrument used is capable of full response within the
selected hold time.
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2003 – 47 –

5.2.3 Overload factor
For peak measuring receivers, the overload factor need not be so great as for other types
of measuring receiver. For most direct-reading detectors, the overload factor need be only
a little greater than unity. The overload factor shall be adequate for the time-constants used
(see 5.2.2).
5.3 Sine-wave voltage accuracy
The accuracy of measurement of sine-wave voltages shall be better than ±2 dB when supplied
with a sine-wave signal at a 50 Ω resistive source impedance.
5.4 Response to pulses
The response of the measuring receiver to pulses of impulse area 1,4/B mVs (where B
imp imp
is in hertz) e.m.f. at 50 Ω source impedance shall be equal to the response to an unmodulated
sine-wave signal at the tuned frequency having an e.m.f. of r.m.s. value 2 mV (66 dB(µV)).
The source impedances of the pulse generator and the signal generator shall both be the
same. The pulses shall have a uniform spectrum according to table 2 of 4.4.1.
A tolerance of ±1,5 dB is permitted in the sine-wave voltage level and this requirement applies
for all pulse repetition frequencies for which no overlapping pulses occur at the output of the
i.f. amplifier.
NOTE 1 Annexes B and C describe methods for determining the output characteristics of pulse generators for use
in testing the requirements of this subclause.
NOTE 2 At a repetition rate of 25 Hz for band A and 100 Hz for the other bands, the relationship between the
indications of a peak measuring receiver and a quasi-peak measuring receiver with the preferred bandwidth are
given in table 6.
Table 6 – Relative pulse response of peak and quasi-peak measuring receivers
for the same bandwidth
Ratio peak/quasi-peak (dB)
Frequency B for pulse repetition rate
IS
imp
mVs Hz 25 Hz 100 Hz
–3 3
Band A 6,1 –
6,67 × 10 0,21 × 10
–3 3
Band B 0,148 × 10 9,45 × 10 – 6,6
–3 3
Bands C and D – 12,0
0,011 × 10 126,0 × 10
5.5 Selectivity
Since the bandwidth requirements of 5.2.1 allow variations from the bandwidths given in
figures 2a, 2b and 2c, these selectivity curves apply to peak measuring rece
...