EN 62282-3-2:2006

SLOVENSKI SIST EN 62282-3-2:2006

STANDARD
september 2006
Tehnologije gorivnih celic – 3-2. del: Nepremični elektroenergetski sistemi z
gorivnimi celicami – Preskusne metode zmogljivosti
Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-2: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance
test methods
ICS 27.070 Referenčna številka
©  Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62282-3-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2006
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.070
English version
Fuel cell technologies
Part 3-2: Stationary fuel cell power systems -
Performance test methods
(IEC 62282-3-2:2006)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Brennstoffzellentechnologien
Partie 3-2: Systèmes à piles Teil 3-2: Stationäre
à combustible stationnaires - Brennstoffzellen-Energiesysteme -
Méthodes d'essai des performances Leistungskennwerteprüfverfahren
(CEI 62282-3-2:2006) (IEC 62282-3-2:2006)

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2006-05-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels

© 2006 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62282-3-2:2006 E
Foreword
The text of document 105/103/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62282-3-2, prepared by IEC TC 105, Fuel cell
technologies, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 62282-3-2 on 2006-05-01.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2007-02-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2009-05-01
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62282-3-2:2006 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC ISO 8041 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 8041:2005 (not modified).
__________
- 3 - EN 62282-3-2:2006
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60051 Series Direct acting indicating analogue electrical EN 60051 Series
measuring instruments and their accessories

IEC 60359 2001 Electrical and electronic measurement EN 60359 2002
equipment - Expression of performance

IEC 60688 1992 Electrical measuring transducers for EN 60688 1992
converting a.c. electrical quantities to
analogue or digital signals
1) 2)
IEC 61000-4-7 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) EN 61000-4-7
- 2002
Part 4-7: Testing and measurement
techniques - General guide on harmonics and
interharmonics measurements and
instrumentation, for power supply systems
and equipment connected thereto

1) 2)
IEC 61000-4-13 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) EN 61000-4-13
- 2002
Part 4-13: Testing and measurement
techniques - Harmonics and interharmonics
including mains signalling at a.c. power port,
low frequency immunity tests
IEC 61028 1991 Electrical measuring instruments - X-Y EN 61028 1993
recorders
IEC 61143 Series Electrical measuring instruments - X-t EN 61143 Series
recorders
1) 2)
IEC 61672-1 Electroacoustics - Sound level meters EN 61672-1
- 2003
Part 1: Specifications
1) 2)
IEC 61672-2 Electroacoustics - Sound level meters EN 61672-2
- 2003
Part 2: Pattern evaluation tests

1) 2)
IEC 62052-11 Electricity metering equipment (AC) - General EN 62052-11
- 2003
requirements, tests and test conditions
Part 11: Metering equipment
1) 2)
IEC 62053-22 Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) - EN 62053-22
- 2003
Particular requirements
Part 22: Static meters for active energy
(classes 0,2 S and 0,5 S)
1)
Undated reference.
2)
Valid edition at date of issue.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
ISO 3648 Aviation fuels – Estimation of net specific - -
-
energy
ISO 3744 1994 Acoustics - Determination of sound power EN ISO 3744 1995
levels of noise sources using sound pressure
- Engineering method in an essentially free
field over a reflecting plane
1)
ISO 4677-1 Atmospheres for conditioning and testing - - -
-
Determination of relative humidity
Part 1: Aspirated psychrometer method

1)
ISO 4677-2 Atmospheres for conditioning and testing - - -
-
Determination of relative humidity
Part 2: Whirling psychrometer method

ISO 5167 Series Measurement of fluid flow by means of EN ISO 5167 Series
pressure differential devices inserted in
circular cross-section conduits running full

1)
ISO 5348 Mechanical vibration and shock - Mechanical - -
-
mounting of accelerometers
1)
ISO 6060 Water quality - Determination of the chemical - -
-
oxygen demand
ISO 6326 Series Natural gas - Determination of sulfur EN ISO 6326 Series
compounds
ISO 6974 Series Natural gas - Determination of composition EN ISO 6974 Series
with defined uncertainty by gas
chromatography
1) 2)
ISO 6975 Natural gas - Extended analysis - Gas- EN ISO 6975
- 2005
chromatographic method
1) 2)
ISO 6976 Natural gas - Calculation of calorific values, EN ISO 6976
- 2005
density, relative density and Wobbe index
from composition
1)
ISO 7934 Stationary source emissions - Determination - -
-
of the mass concentration of sulfur dioxide -
Hydrogen peroxide/barium perchlorate/Thorin
method
1)
ISO 7935 Stationary source emissions - Determination - -
-
of the mass concentration of sulfur dioxide -
Performance characteristics of automated
measuring methods
1)
ISO 8217 Petroleum products - Fuels (class F) - - -
-
Specifications of marine fuels

1)
ISO 9096 Stationary source emissions - Manual - -
-
determination of mass concentration of
particulate matter
ISO 10101 Series Natural gas - Determination of water by the EN ISO 10101 Series
Karl Fischer Method
- 5 - EN 62282-3-2:2006
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
ISO 10396 Stationary source emissions - Sampling for - -
-
the automated determination of gas
concentrations
1)
ISO 10523 Water quality - Determination of pH - -
-
1) 2)
ISO 10707 Water quality - Evaluation in an aqueous EN ISO 10707
- 1997
medium of the "ultimate" aerobic
biodegradability of organic compounds -
Method by analysis of biochemical oxygen
demand (closed bottle test)
1)
ISO 10780 Stationary source emissions - Measurement - -
-
of velocity and volume flowrate of gas
streams in ducts
1)
ISO 10849 Stationary source emissions - Determination - -
-
of the mass concentration of nitrogen oxides -
Performance characteristics of automated
measuring systems
1)
ISO 11042-1 Gas turbines - Exhaust gas emission - -
-
Part 1: Measurement and evaluation

1)
ISO 11042-2 Gas turbines - Exhaust gas emission - -
-
Part 2: Automated emission monitoring

1) 2)
ISO 11541 Natural gas - Determination of water content EN ISO 11541
- 1997
at high pressure
1)
ISO 11564 Stationary source emissions - Determination - -
-
of the mass concentration of nitrogen oxides -
Naphthylethylenediamine photometric method

ISO 14687 1999 Hydrogen fuel - Product specification - -

1)
ISO 16622 Meteorology - Sonic - -
-
anemometers/thermometers - Acceptance
test methods for mean wind measurements

1)
ASTM D4809-00 Standard Test Method for Heat of - -
-
Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by
Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method)

NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
62282-3-2
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
2006-03
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 3-2:
Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires –
Méthodes d'essai des performances

Fuel cell technologies –
Part 3-2:
Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Performance test methods
 IEC 2006 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
XC
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.9
INTRODUCTION.13

1 Scope.15
2 Normative references .17
3 Terms, definitions and symbols .21
3.1 Terms and definitions .21
3.2 Symbols .29
4 Reference conditions.33
4.1 General .33
4.2 Temperature and pressure .35
4.3 Heating value base.35
5 Performance and classes of tests .35
5.1 Performance tests .35
5.2 Classes of tests.35
6 Test preparation .39
6.1 General .39
6.2 Uncertainty analysis .39
6.2.1 Uncertainty analysis items .39
6.2.2 Data acquisition plan .39
7 Instruments and measurement methods .41
7.1 General .41
7.2 Instruments .41
7.3 Measurement methods .41
7.3.1 Electrical power.41
7.3.2 Fuel consumption .43
7.3.3 Liquid fuel measurements.47
7.3.4 Recovered heat .49
7.3.5 Purge gas flow.49
7.3.6 Oxidant (air) characteristics.51
7.3.7 Other fluid flow .53
7.3.8 Exhaust gas emission measurement.53
7.3.9 Discharge water quality measurement .57
7.3.10 pH (Hydrogen ion concentration) .57
7.3.11 COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) .57
7.3.12 BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) .57
7.3.13 Audible noise level .57
7.3.14 Vibration level .59
7.3.15 Total harmonic distortion .59
7.3.16 Ambient conditions .59
8 Test method and computation of results .61
8.1 Test plan .61
8.1.1 General .61
8.1.2 Ambient conditions .61

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 5 –
8.1.3 Maximum permissible variation in steady-state operating conditions.63
8.1.4 Test operating procedure.65
8.2 Duration of test and frequency of readings .65
8.3 Computation of results .65
8.3.1 Electrical power.65
8.3.2 Fuel consumption .67
8.3.3 Calculation of fuel energy .69
8.3.4 Oxidant (air) consumption.71
8.3.5 Calculation of oxidant (air) energy .73
8.3.6 Electrical efficiency.73
8.3.7 Heat recovery efficiency .75
8.3.8 Overall energy efficiency .77
8.3.9 Power and thermal response characteristics.77
8.3.10 Start-up and shutdown characteristics .99
8.3.11 Purge gas consumption .101
8.3.12 Water consumption.101
8.3.13 Waste heat .101
8.3.14 Exhaust gas emission.103
8.3.15 Calculation of emission production .103
8.3.16 Audible noise level .103
8.3.17 Vibration level .103
8.3.18 Discharge water quality .105
9 Test reports.107
9.1 General .107
9.2 Title page .107
9.3 Table of contents.107
9.4 Summary report.107
9.5 Detailed report .107
9.6 Full report .109

Annex A (normative) Guidance for uncertainty analysis .111
Annex B (normative) Calculation of fuel heating value .141
Annex C (normative) Reference gas .147

Bibliography.151

Figure 1 – Fuel cell power system diagram .17
Figure 2 − Symbol diagram .33
Figure 3 – Operating process chart of fuel cell power system.79
Figure 4 – Power response time ramp rates .81
Figure 5 – 90 % response time ramp rates.83

Table 1 – Symbols .29
Table 2 – Test item and test classification .37
Table 3 – Test item and system status.61

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 7 –
Table 4 – Maximum permissible variations in test operating conditions .63
Table 5 – Vibration correction factors.105
Table A.1 – Summary of measurement parameters and their nominal values .121
Table A.2 – Nominal values of the calculation results.121
Table A.3 – Elemental error sources for the various parameters .123
Table A.4 – Absolute systematic uncertainty (B ) and absolute random uncertainty
i
(2Sxi).127
Table A.5 – Sensitivity coefficients for the parameter P .131
i
Table A.6－Propagated systematic uncertainty B and random uncertainty 2S .133
R R
Table A.7 – Total absolute uncertainty of the result U and per cent uncertainty of
R95
U of electrical efficiency.137
R95
Table B.1 – Heating values for components of natural gases at various combustion
reference conditions for ideal gas .141
Table C.1 – Reference gas for natural gas.149
Table C.2 – Reference gas for propane gas .149

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 9 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 3-2: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Performance test methods
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-3-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/103/FDIS 105/108/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 11 –
IEC 62282 consists of the following parts under the general title Fuel cell technologies:
Part 1: Terminology
Part 2: Fuel cell modules
Part 3-1: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Safety (under consideration)
Part 3-2: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Performance test methods
Part 3-3: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Installation (under consideration)
Part 4: Fuel cell systems for propulsion and auxiliary power units (under consideration)
Part 5: Portable fuel cell appliances – Safety and performance requirements (under
consideration)
Part 6-1: Micro fuel cell power systems – Safety (under consideration)
Part 6-2: Micro fuel cell power systems – Performance (under consideration)
Part 6-3: Micro fuel cell power systems – Interchangeability (under consideration)
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 13 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 62282 describes how to measure the performance of stationary fuel cell
power systems for residential, commercial, agricultural and industrial applications. The
following fuel cell types have been considered: Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC), Phosphoric Acid
Fuel Cells (PAFC), Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (PEFC), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
(MCFC) and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC).

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 15 –
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 3-2: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Performance test methods
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62282 covers operational and environmental aspects of the stationary fuel
cell power systems performance. The test methods apply as follows:
– power output under specified operating and transient conditions;
– electrical and thermal efficiency under specified operating conditions;
– environmental characteristics; for example, gas emissions, noise, etc. under specified
operating and transient conditions.
Coverage for Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) is not provided in this part of IEC 62282.
Fuel cell power systems may have different subsystems depending upon types of fuel cell and
applications, and they have different streams of material and energy into and out of them.
However, a common system diagram and boundary has been defined for evaluation of the
fuel cell power system (see Figure 1). The following conditions are considered in order to
determine the test boundary of the fuel cell power system.
– All energy recovery systems are included within the test boundary.
– Calculation of the heating value of the input fuel (such as natural gas, propane gas, and
pure hydrogen gas, etc.) is based on the conditions of the fuel at the boundary of the fuel
cell power system.
This standard does not take into account mechanical (shaft) power or mechanical energy
inputs or outputs. Mechanical systems required for fuel cell operation (i.e. ventilation or micro-
turbines or compressors) will be included inside the test boundary. The direct measurement of
these mechanical systems inside the test boundary is not required; however, their effects will
be included in the fuel cell power system operation. If mechanical (shaft) power and energy
cross the test boundary, additional measurements and calculations are necessary.

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 17 –
Test boundary
Power inputs
electrical thermal
Recovered heat
Thermal
management
system
Waste heat
Fuel
Fuel
processing
Useable power
Fuel
system
electrical
cell
Power
module
conditioning
system
Oxidant
Oxidant
processing Water
system treatment
Water Internal power
Discharge
system
needs
water
Inert Gas
Exhaust gases,
ventilation
Automatic
Ventilation
Ventilation
control
system
system
1 EMI
EMS
Noise,
Vibration,
vibration
wind, rain,
temperature
etc.
IEC  321/06
Key
： Fuel cell power system including subsystems. The interface is defined as a
conceptual or functional one instead of hardware such as a power package.

： Subsystems; fuel cell module, fuel processor, etc. These subsystem
configurations depend on the kind of fuel, type of fuel cell or system.
： The interface points in the boundary to be measured for calculation data.

EMS: Electromagnetic Susceptibility
Electromagnetic Interference
Figure 1 – Fuel cell power system diagram
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60051 (all parts), Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and
their accessories
IEC 60359:2001, Electrical and electronic equipment – Expression of performance
IEC 60688:1992, Electrical measuring transducers for converting a.c. electrical quantities to
analogue or digital signals
62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 19 –
IEC 61000-4-7, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-7: Testing and measurement
techniques – General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and
instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto
IEC 61000-4-13, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-13: Testing and measurement
techniques – Harmonics and interharmonics including mains signalling at a.c. power port, low
frequency immunity tests
IEC 61028:1991, Electrical measuring instruments – X-Y recorders
IEC 61143 (all parts), Electrical measuring instruments – X-t recorders
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications
IEC 61672-2, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 2: Pattern evaluation tests
IEC 62052-11, Electricity metering equipment (AC) – General requirements, tests and test
conditions – Part 11: Metering equipment
IEC 62053-22, Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) – Particular Requirements – Part 22:
Static meters for active energy (classes 0,2 S and 0,5 S)
ISO 3648, Aviation fuels – Estimation of net specific energy
ISO 3744:1994, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using
sound pressure – Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
ISO 4677-1, Atmospheres for conditioning and testing – Determination of relative humidity –
Part 1: Aspirated psychrometer method
ISO 4677-2, Atmospheres for conditioning and testing – Determination of relative humidity –
Part 2: Whirling psychrometer method
ISO 5167 (all parts), Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices
inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full
ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock – Mechanical mounting of accelerometers
ISO 6060, Water quality – Determination of the chemical oxygen demand
ISO 6326 (all parts), Natural gas − Determination of sulfur compounds
ISO 6974 (all parts), Natural gas − Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by
gas chromatography
ISO 6975 (all parts), Natural gas − Extended analysis – Gas-Chromatographic method
ISO 6976, Natural gas – Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe
index from composition
62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 21 –
ISO 7934, Stationary source emissions – Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur
dioxide – Hydrogen peroxide/barium perchlorate/thorin method
ISO 7935, Stationary source emissions – Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur
dioxide – Performance characteristics of automated measuring methods
ISO 8217, Petroleum products – Fuel (class F) − Specifications of marine fuels
ISO 9096, Stationary source emissions – Manual determination of mass concentration of
particulate matter
ISO 10101 (all parts), Natural gas − Determination of water by the Karl Fisher Method
ISO 10396, Stationary source emissions – Sampling for the automated determination of gas
concentrations
ISO 10523, Water quality – Determination of pH
ISO 10707, Water quality – Evaluation in an aqueous medium of the "ultimate" aerobic
biodegradability of organic compounds – Method by analysis of biochemical oxygen demand
(closed bottle test)
ISO 10780, Stationary source emissions – Measurement of velocity and volume flowrate of
gas streams in ducts
ISO 10849, Stationary source emissions – Determination of the mass concentration of
nitrogen oxides – Performance characteristics of automated measuring systems
ISO 11042-1, Gas turbines – Exhaust gas emission – Part 1: Measurement and evaluation
ISO 11042-2, Gas turbines – Exhaust gas emission – Part 2: Automated emission monitoring
ISO 11541, Natural gas – Determination of water content at high pressure
ISO 11564, Stationary source emissions – Determination of the mass concentration of
nitrogen oxides – Naphthylethylenediamine photometric method
ISO 14687:1999, Hydrogen fuel – Product specification
ISO 16622, Meteorology – Sonic anemometer/thermometers – Acceptance test methods for
mean wind measurements
ASTM D4809-00, Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels
by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method)
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 23 –
3.1.1
fuel cell power system
system which electrochemically converts chemical energy to electric energy (direct current or
alternating current electricity) and thermal energy
NOTE The fuel cell power system is composed of all or some of the following subsystems: one or more fuel cell
modules, a fuel processing system, a power conditioning system, a thermal management system, and other
subsystems needed. A generic fuel cell power system is shown in Figure 1.
3.1.2
interface point
measurement point at the boundary of a fuel cell power system at which material and/or
energy either enters or leaves
NOTE This boundary is intentionally selected to accurately measure the performance of the system. If necessary,
the boundary or the interface points of the fuel cell power system (Figure 1) to be assessed should be determined
by agreement of the parties.
3.1.3
parasitic load
power required for auxiliary machines, control systems and equipment necessary to operate a
fuel cell power system
3.1.4
fuel consumption
amount of natural gas, hydrogen, methanol, liquid petroleum gas, propane, butane, or other
energy source material consumed by the fuel cell power system during specified operating
conditions
3.1.5
oxidant consumption
amount of oxygen consumed inside the fuel cell module during specified operating conditions
3.1.6
electrical efficiency (of a fuel cell power system)
ratio of net electric output power of a fuel-cell power system at a given instant to the total
power of the fuel and oxidant fed to the same fuel-cell power system at the same instant
NOTE If electrical power is supplied to a parasitic load of a fuel cell power system from an external source, this
electrical power is deducted from the electrical power output of the fuel cell power system.
3.1.7
recovered heat (of a fuel cell power system)
thermal energy recuperated from the fuel cell power system
NOTE The recovered heat is measured by determining the temperatures and flow rates of fluid media (water,
steam, air or oil, etc.), entering and leaving the thermal energy recovery subsystem at the interface point of the fuel
cell power system.
3.1.8
heat recovery efficiency (of a fuel cell power system)
ratio of thermal power recovered at a given instant from a fuel cell power system to the total
power of the fuel and oxidant at the same instant
3.1.9
overall energy efficiency (of fuel cell power system)
sum of the electrical efficiency and heat recovery efficiency

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 25 –
3.1.10
cold state
condition of a fuel cell power system at ambient temperature with no power input or output
3.1.11
storage state
fuel cell power system which is non-operational and possibly requiring, under conditions
specified by the manufacturer, the input of thermal or electric energy in order to prevent
deterioration of the components
3.1.12
standby state
fuel cell power system which is at operating temperature and in an operational mode from
which the fuel cell power system is capable of being promptly switched to an operational
mode with net electrical power output
3.1.13
start-up time
duration required for the transition from cold state to net electrical power output for systems
that do not require external power to maintain a storage state. For systems that require
external power to maintain a storage state, this is the duration required for transitioning from
storage state to net electrical power output
3.1.14
shutdown time
duration between the instant when the load is removed at rated power and the instant when
the shutdown is completed as specified by the manufacturer
NOTE The shutdown operation is classified into types: normal shutdown and emergency shutdown.
3.1.15
power response time
duration between the instant of initiating a change of electrical or thermal power output and
when the electrical or thermal output power attains the steady state set value within tolerance
3.1.16
90 % power response time
duration between the instant of initiating a change of electrical or thermal power output and
when the electrical or thermal output power attains 90 % of the desired value
3.1.17
response time to rated power
duration between the instant when the step load change to rated power is initiated and the
first instant when this value is delivered
3.1.18
start-up energy
sum of electrical, thermal, and/or chemical (fuel) energy required during the start-up time

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 27 –
3.1.19
emission characteristics
concentrations of total sulfur oxides (SO ), total nitrogen oxides (NO ), carbon dioxide (CO ),
x x 2
carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbon compounds and particulate in the exhaust gas
NOTE Measured at the point of discharge to the environment as described in the present part of IEC 62282.
3.1.20
audible noise level
sound pressure level produced by the fuel cell power system measured at a specified
distance in all operation modes
NOTE Expressed as decibels (dB) and measured as described in this document.
3.1.21
background noise level
sound pressure level of ambient noise at the measurement point
NOTE This measurement is taken as described in this document with the fuel cell power system in the cold state.
3.1.22
vibration level
maximum measurement value of mechanical oscillations produced by the fuel cell power
system during operation
NOTE This is a value expressed as decibels (dB) as described in this document.
3.1.23
background vibration level
mechanical oscillations caused by the environment that affect vibration level readings
NOTE Background vibration is measured with the fuel cell power system in the cold state.
3.1.24
discharge water
water that is discharged from the fuel cell power system
NOTE Discharge water does not constitute part of a thermal recovery system.
3.1.25
water consumption
water supplied (from outside the test boundary) to the power system other than initial fill
3.1.26
waste heat
thermal energy released and not recovered
3.1.27
test run
time interval when data points required for the computation of test results are recorded
NOTE Reported results are computed based on these data points.
3.1.28
purge gas consumption
amount of inert gas or dilution gas supplied to the fuel cell power system during specific
conditions to make it ready for operation or shutdown

62282-3-2  IEC:2006 – 29 –
3.2 Symbols
The symbols and their meanings used in this part of IEC 62282 are given in Table 1, with the
appropriate units.
Table 1 – Symbols
Symbol Definition Unit
Volumetric flow rate
q
v
q Volumetric flow rate of fuel at temperature t and pressure p
m /s
vf f f
q Volumetric flow rate of fuel at the reference conditions m /s
vf0
q Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gas at exhaust gas temperature and pressure m /s
ve
q Volumetric flow rate of air at temperature t and pressure p m /s
va a a
q Volumetric flow rate of air at the reference conditions m /s
va0
q Volumetric flow rate of water at process temperature and pressure m /s
vw
q Mass flow rate
m
q Mass flow rate of fuel kg/s
mf
q Mass flow rate of air kg/s
ma
q Mass flow rate of heat recovery fluid at the interface point of fluid output kg/s
mHR1
Mass flow rate of heat recovery fluid at the interface point of fluid input (return
q kg/s
mHR2
stream to the fuel cell power system)
q Mass flow rate of emission kg/s
me
Electrical power
P
P Active power of electrical power output (including direct current) W, kW
out
Active power of electrical power input from external power source(s) (including
P W, kW
in
direct current)
Pressure
p
p Reference pressure kPa
p Pressure of fuel kPa
f
p Pressure of oxidant (air) kPa
a
p Pressure of heat recovery fluid output kPa
HR1
p Pressure of heat recovery fluid input kPa
HR2
Temperature
t
t Reference temperature K
t Temperature of fuel K
f
t Temperature of oxidant (air) K
a
t Temperature of heat recovery fluid ou
...