EN IEC 62909-1:2018

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Dvosmerni omrežni elektroenergetski pretvorniki - 1. del: Splošne zahteve (IEC 62909-1:2017)Bi-direktionale netzgekoppelte Leistungsumrichter - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen (IEC 62909-1:2017)Convertisseurs de puissance connectés aux réseaux bidirectionnels - Partie 1: Exigences générales (IEC 62909-1:2017)Bi-directional grid connected power converters - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 62909-1:2017)29.200QDSDMDQMHRectifiers. Convertors. Stabilized power supplyICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN IEC 62909-1:2018SIST EN 62909-1:2018en01-oktober-2018SIST EN 62909-1:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 62909-1:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN IEC 62909-1
February 2018 ICS 29.200
English Version
Bi-directional grid-connected power converters -
Part 1: General requirements (IEC 62909-1:2017)
Convertisseurs de puissance connectés aux réseaux bidirectionnels - Partie 1: Exigences générales (IEC 62909-1:2017)
Bi-direktionale netzgekoppelte Leistungsumrichter -
Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen (IEC 62909-1:2017) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-06-23. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels © 2018 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62909-1:2018 E SIST EN 62909-1:2018

The following dates are fixed: • latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2018-08-02 • latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2021-02-02
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62909-1:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. SIST EN 62909-1:2018

(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1
Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2
Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60038 (mod) 2009
IEC standard voltages EN 60038 1 2011 IEC 60146-2 1999
Semiconductor converters -
Part 2: Self-commutated semiconductor converters including direct d.c. converters EN 60146-2 2000
IEC 61000-3-2 2014
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -
Part 3-2: Limits - Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current ≤ 16 A per phase) EN 61000-3-2 2014
IEC 61000-3-12 2011
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -
Part 3-12: Limits - Limits for harmonic currents produced by equipment connected to public low-voltage systems with input current > 16 A and ≤ 75 A per phase EN 61000-3-12 2011
IEC 61727 2004
Photovoltaic (PV) systems - Characteristics of the utility interface - -
IEC 62109-1 2010
Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems -
Part 1: General requirements EN 62109-1 2010
IEC 62040-3 2011
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) -
Part 3: Method of specifying the performance and test requirements EN 62040-3 2011
IEC 62477-1 2012
Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and equipment -
Part 1: General EN 62477-1 +A11 2012
2014 +A1 2016
+A1 2017
1 The title of EN 60038 is "CENELEC standard voltages". SIST EN 62909-1:2018

SIST EN 62909-1:2018
IEC 62909-1 Edition 1.0 2017-05 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Bi-directional grid-connected power converters –
Part 1: General requirements
Convertisseurs de puissance connectés aux réseaux bidirectionnels –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.200
ISBN 978-2-8322-4365-7
– 2 – IEC 62909-1:2017 © IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions . 9 4 GCPC general specification . 16 4.1 General . 16 4.2 Description of GCPC and its components . 16 4.3 Operating modes . 17 4.4 Interfaces with distributed energy resources . 20 5 Performance requirements. 20 5.1 DC-connection interface . 20 5.1.1 General . 20 5.1.2 Capacitor discharge . 22 5.2 Converter . 22 5.2.1 General . 22 5.2.2 DC/DC converter . 23 5.2.3 Bi-directional inverter . 23 5.3 Grid interface . 23 5.3.1 General . 23 5.3.2 AC output to the grid . 23 5.3.3 Input from the grid – Harmonic currents . 24 5.4 AC output to the load under grid-independent operation . 24 5.4.1 Conditions for the GCPC to supply a load . 24 5.4.2 Characteristics to be declared by the manufacturer . 25 6 Hazard protection requirements . 25 6.1 General . 25 6.2 Fault and abnormal conditions . 25 6.3 Short-circuit and overload protection . 25 6.3.1 General . 25 6.3.2 Specification of input short-circuit withstand strength and output short-circuit current ability . 25 6.3.3 Short-circuit coordination (backup protection) . 26 6.3.4 Protection by several devices . 26 6.4 Protection against electric shock . 26 6.4.1 General . 26 6.4.2 Decisive voltage class . 26 6.4.3 Provision for basic protection . 26 6.4.4 Provision for fault protection . 27 6.4.5 Enhanced protection . 27 6.4.6 Protective measures . 28 6.4.7 Insulation . 28 6.4.8 Compatibility with residual current-operated protective devices (RCD) . 31 6.5 Protection against electrical energy hazards . 31 6.5.1 Operator access areas. 31 6.5.2 Service access areas . 31 SIST EN 62909-1:2018

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6.6 Protection against fire and thermal hazards . 31 6.6.1 Circuits representing a fire hazard . 31 6.6.2 Components representing a fire hazard . 31 6.6.3 Fire enclosures . 32 6.6.4 Temperature limits . 32 6.6.5 Limited power sources . 32 6.7 Protection against mechanical hazards . 32 6.7.1 General . 32 6.7.2 Liquid cooled GCPC . 32 6.8 Equipment with multiple sources of supply . 33 6.9 Protection against environmental stresses . 33 6.10 Protection against sonic pressure hazards . 33 6.10.1 General . 33 6.10.2 Sonic pressure and sound level . 33 6.11 Wiring and connections . 33 6.11.1 General . 33 6.11.2 Routing . 34 6.11.3 Colour coding . 34 6.11.4 Splices and connections . 34 6.11.5 Accessible connections . 34 6.11.6 Interconnections between parts of the GCPC . 34 6.11.7 Supply connections. 34 6.11.8 Terminals . 34 6.12 Enclosures . 34 6.12.1 General . 34 6.12.2 Handles and manual controls . 34 6.12.3 Cast metal . 34 6.12.4 Sheet metal . 34 6.12.5 Stability test for enclosure . 35 7 Test requirements . 35 7.1 General . 35 7.1.1 Test objectives and classification . 35 7.1.2 Selection of test samples . 35 7.1.3 Sequence of tests . 35 7.1.4 Earthing conditions . 35 7.1.5 General conditions for tests . 35 7.1.6 Compliance . 35 7.1.7 Test overview . 35 7.2 Test specifications . 35 7.2.1 Visual inspections (type test, sample test and routine test) . 35 7.2.2 Mechanical tests . 35 7.2.3 Electrical tests . 36 7.2.4 Abnormal operation and simulated faults tests . 38 7.2.5 Material tests . 40 7.2.6 Environmental tests (type tests) . 40 7.2.7 Hydrostatic pressure test (type test and routine test) . 41 8 Information and marking requirements . 41 8.1 General . 41 8.2 Information for selection . 41 SIST EN 62909-1:2018

– 4 – IEC 62909-1:2017 © IEC 2017 8.3 Information for installation and commissioning . 41 8.3.1 General . 41 8.3.2 Mechanical considerations . 41 8.3.3 Environment . 41 8.3.4 Handling and mounting . 41 8.3.5 Enclosure temperature. 41 8.3.6 Connections . 41 8.3.7 Protection requirements . 42 8.3.8 Commissioning . 42 8.4 Information for use . 42 8.4.1 General . 42 8.4.2 Adjustment . 43 8.4.3 Labels, signs and signals . 43 8.5 Information for maintenance . 43 8.5.1 General . 43 8.5.2 Capacitor discharge . 43 8.5.3 Auto restart/bypass connection . 43 8.5.4 Other hazards . 43 8.5.5 Equipment with multiple sources of supply . 43 Bibliography . 44
Figure 1 – Example of GCPC structure . 17 Figure 2 – Power flow of mode I . 18 Figure 3 – Power flow of mode II . 19 Figure 4 – Power flow of mode III . 19 Figure 5 – Power flow of mode IV . 20 Figure 6 – Examples of DC-connection interface voltage range . 21
Table 1 – Alphabetical list of terms . 9
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ____________
BI-DIRECTIONAL GRID-CONNECTED POWER CONVERTERS –
Part 1: General requirements
FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62909-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 22E: Stabilized power supplies, of IEC technical committee 22: Power electronic systems and equipment. The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 22E/182/FDIS 22E/183/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. SIST EN 62909-1:2018

– 6 – IEC 62909-1:2017 © IEC 2017 This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62477-1:2012. It follows the structure of IEC 62477-1:2012 and supplements or modifies its corresponding clauses. Wherever the term "PECS" appears in the cited clauses, it needs to be replaced by "GCPC". A list of all parts in the IEC 62909 series, published under the general title Bi-directional grid connected power converters, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed, • withdrawn, • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
SIST EN 62909-1:2018
IEC 62909-1:2017 © IEC 2017 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION The solution to global warming and fossil fuel depletion requires an expansion of renewable energy and the spread of distributed energy resources, with the new infrastructure containing micro-grids and smaller-scale nano-grids. Nano-grid systems are especially suited to increasing energy-usage efficiency and reducing power consumption of homes by combining and optimally controlling energy storage with generators. In order to optimize the power consumption within the nano-grid of a home, it is necessary to supply the electricity its residents require by combining and optimizing an electricity generator with rechargeable energy storage. Independent generators and battery storage units are already on the market; but, for such new systems, development has just started. Although power generation sources and storage batteries are generally expensive, the tendency of that is still more remarkable in the early stage in which a market is formed. For stable growth of a market, extendibility, compatibility, and robustness of such system are especially important. If a connecting interface is standardized and compatibility is insured, many products can be put onto the market and their prices can be kept at a proper level. If a new standard is utilized for product certification, their broad acceptance can be earlier and greater. From the above viewpoint, it is necessary to promptly advance standardization of bi-directional grid-connected power converter (GCPC) which combined the source of power generation and the storage battery. This part of IEC 62909 provides common general requirements independent of special characteristics of individual applications.
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Part 1: General requirements
1 Scope This part of IEC 62909 specifies general aspects of bi-directional grid-connected power converters (GCPC), consisting of a grid-side inverter with two or more types of DC-port interfaces on the application side with system voltages not exceeding 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC. In special cases, a GCPC will have only one DC-port interface, which is connected to a bidirectional energy-storage device. This document includes terminology, specifications, performance, safety, system architecture, and test-case definitions. The "system architecture" defines interaction between the inverter and converters. Requirements which are common, general, and independent of special characteristics of individual generators and bi-directional storages are defined. This document does not cover uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, which fall under the scope of IEC 62040 (all parts). Requirements for internal and external digital communication might be necessary; the interface requirements including communication with distributed energy resources are provided in a future part of IEC 62909. All EMC requirements are defined by reference to existing IEC standards. External communication requirements are out of scope of this document. NOTE The control signal from the grid is not defined in this document. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60038:2009, IEC standard voltages IEC 60146-2:1999, Semiconductor converters – Part 2: Self-commutated semiconductor converters including direct d.c converters IEC 61000-3-2:2014, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-2: Limits – Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current ≤ 16 A per phase) IEC 61000-3-12:2011, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-12: Limits – Limits for harmonic currents produced by equipment connected to public low-voltage systems with input current >16 A and ≤ 75 A per phase IEC 61727:2004, Photovoltaic (PV) systems – Characteristics of the utility interface IEC 62109-1:2010, Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems – Part 1: General requirements IEC 62040-3:2011, Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) – Part 3: Method of specifying the performance and test requirements SIST EN 62909-1:2018

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IEC 62477-1:2012, Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and equipment – Part 1: General
IEC 62477-1:2012/AMD1:2016 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: • IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ • ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp Table 1 provides an alphabetical cross-reference listing of terms. Table 1 – Alphabetical list of terms Term Term
number Term Term
number Term Term
number basic insulation 3.1 bi-directional grid connected power converter 3.19 protective equipotential bonding 3.38 basic protection 3.2 grid-independent operation 3.20 protective impedance 3.39 bi-directional inverter 3.3 grid isolation 3.21
protective screening 3.40 DC-connection interface 3.4 grid side interface 3.22 protective separation 3.41 DC-port interface 3.5 hot plug 3.23 reinforced insulation 3.42 DC/DC converter 3.6 installation 3.24 routine test
3.43 decisive voltage class 3.7 live part 3.25 sample test 3.44 double insulation 3.8 mains supply 3.26 SELV 3.45 distributed energy resources 3.9 modulation index 3.27 simple separation
3.46 DVC Ax 3.10 nominal operation voltage range 3.28 start-up maximum current 3.47 enclosure 3.11 non-mains supply 3.29 supplementary insulation 3.48 enhanced protection 3.12 PE conductor 3.30 system 3.49 extra low voltage 3.13 PELV 3.31 system voltage 3.50 fault protection 3.14 power electronic converter 3.32 touch current 3.51 fire enclosure 3.15 power factor 3.33 type test 3.52 functional insulation 3.16 protective class I 3.34 withstand voltage 3.53 grid 3.17 protective class II 3.35 working voltage 3.54 grid connection 3.18 protective class III 3.36
protective earthing 3.37
3.1
basic insulation insulation applied to hazardous live parts to provide basic protection against electric shock SIST EN 62909-1:2018

– 10 – IEC 62909-1:2017 © IEC 2017 [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-06-06, modified – The definition has been rephrased, the expression "against electric shock" has been added and the note has been deleted.] 3.2
basic protection protection against electric shock under fault-free conditions [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-06-01] 3.3
bi-directional inverter equipment capable of converting active electrical power from AC to DC and DC to AC 3.4
DC-connection interface internal system DC bus between power electronic converters and bi-directional inverter 3.5
DC-port interface interface between the DC/DC converter and distributed energy resources or, in the case where the DC-connection interface is directly connected to distributed energy resources without DC/DC converter, between the DC-connection interface and the distributed energy resources 3.6
DC/DC converter equipment that converts one DC voltage to another DC voltage 3.7
decisive voltage class DVC classification of voltage range used to determine the necessary protective measures from electric shock and the requirements of insulation between circuits [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.5, modified – The adjective "necessary" has been added.] 3.8
double insulation insulation comprising both basic insulation and supplementary insulation [SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-16] 3.9
distributed energy resources DC power sources generating and/or storing electricity near the consuming area Note 1 to entry: Examples of distributed energy resources include, but is not limited to, photovoltaic cells, fuel cells, wind and water power generators, primary batteries, accumulators (e.g. in electrical vehicles), etc. 3.10
DVC Ax general DVC value used for DVC A, DVC A1, DVC A2 or DVC A3 [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.8, modified – The definition has been rephrased.] SIST EN 62909-1:2018

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3.11
enclosure housing affording the type and degree of protection suitable for the intended application [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-35] 3.12
enhanced protection protective provision having a reliability of protection not less than that provided by two independent protective provisions [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.13] 3.13
extra-low voltage ELV voltage not exceeding the relevant voltage limit of band I specified in IEC 60449 Note 1 to entry: In IEC 60449, band I is defined as not exceeding 50 V AC RMS and 120 V DC. Other product committees may have defined ELV with different voltage levels. Note 2 to entry: In this document, protection against electric shock is dependent on DVC. [SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-30, modified – Note 1 and Note 2 to entry have been added.] 3.14
fault protection protection against electric shock under single-fault conditions [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.16, modified – Note 1 to entry has been deleted.] 3.15
fire enclosure part of the equipment intended to minimize the spread of fire or flames from within [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.18] 3.16
functional insulation insulation between conductive parts within a circuit that is necessary for the proper functioning of the circuit, but which does not provide protection against electric shock [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.19, modified – Note 1 to entry has been deleted.] 3.17
grid electric utility’s power system 3.18
grid connection distributed energy resources’ connection to the grid through GCPC SIST EN 62909-1:2018

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bi-directional grid-connected power converter grid-connected power converter GCPC power converter connected to the grid by bi-directional inverter with multiple DC-port interfaces 3.20
grid-independent operation electricity supply through GCPC to an AC load during grid isolation 3.21
grid isolation disconnection of GCPC from the grid 3.22
grid side interface interface of bi-directional inverter connecting to mains supply 3.23
hot plug connection of PEC when GCPC is operating and when power is flowing 3.24
installation equipment including at least one GCPC [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.21, modified – "the PECS" has been replaced by "one GCPC" and Note 1 to entry has been deleted.] 3.25
live part conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal operation, including a neutral conductor, but by convention not a protective earth conductor or protective earth neutral conductor [SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-19, modified – The words "a PEN conductor or PEM conductor or PEL conductor" have been replaced by "a protective earth conductor or protective earth neutral conductor" in the second part of the definition.] 3.26
mains supply low voltage (< 1 000 V) AC power distribution system for supplying power to AC equipment [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.24, modified – The brackets "(< 1 000 V)" have been added.] 3.27
modulation index ratio of the grid side voltage to DC-connection interface voltage of bi-directional inverter 3.28
nominal operation voltage range DC-connection interface voltage range in which power electric converters in GCPC normally operate 3.29
non-mains supply electrical circuit that is not energized directly from the mains supply SIST EN 62909-1:2018

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Note 1 to entry: For example, a circuit isolated by a transformer or supplied by a battery, generator, or similar sources not directly connected to the AC power distribution system. 3.30
PE conductor conductor in the installation wiring, or in the power supply cord, connecting a main protective earthing terminal in the equipment to an earth point in the installation for safety purposes [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.41, modified – The term "building" has been deleted".] 3.31
PELV electric system in which the voltage cannot exceed the value of extra low voltage: – under normal conditions; and – under single fault conditions, except earth faults in other electric circuits
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-32, modified – The term "system" has been deleted in the defined term, as well as the note to entry.] 3.32
power electronic converter PEC device or part thereof for the purpose of electronic power conversion, including signalling, measurement, control circuitries and other parts, if essential for the power conversion function Note 1 to entry: In this document, PEC represents a “bi-directional inverter” or a “DC/DC converter”.
[SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.45, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.] 3.33
power factor PF ratio of the kilowatt-hours (kWh) to the square root of the sum of the squares of the kilowatt-hours and the kilovarhours (kVARh) over a period of time: REACTIVE2REAL2REALEEEPF+= where EREAL is the energy in kWh; EREACTIVE is the reactive energy in kVARh [SOURCE: IEC 61727:2004, 3.1, modified – The definition has been rephrased.] 3.34
protective class I protection against electric shock that does not only rely on basic insulation, but also includes the means for connection of accessible conductive parts to the PE in the fixed wiring of the installation, so that accessible conductive parts cannot become live in the event of a failure of the basic insulation [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.37, modified – The definition has been rephrased.] SIST EN 62909-1:2018

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protective class II protection against electric shock that does not only rely on basic insulation, but also supplementary insulation or reinforced insulation, there being no provision for protective earthing or reliance upon inaccessibility [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.38, modified – The definition has been rephrased and "installation conditions" has been replaced by "inaccessibility".] 3.36
protective class III protection against electric shock that relies on supply at DVC Ax (or B under certain conditions) and in which voltages higher than those of DVC Ax (B) are not generated and there is no provision for protective earthing [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.39, modified – The definition has been rephrased and Note 1 to entry has been deleted.] 3.37
protective earthing PE earthing of a point in a system, or equipment, for protection against electric shock in case of a fault [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1: 2012, 3.40] 3.38
protective equipotential bonding equipotential bonding for purposes of safety from electric shock [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.36, modified – The hyphens have been deleted from the defined term and the brackets "(e.g. protection against electric shock)" have been replaced by "from electric shock".] 3.39
protective impedance impedance between hazardous live parts and accessible conductive parts, of such value that the current, in normal use and under likely fault conditions, is limited to a safe value, and which is so constructed that its ability is maintained throughout the life of the equipment [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.42, modified – The adjective "connected" has been deleted in the expression "impedance connected between…".] 3.40
protective screening separation of circuits from hazardous live-parts by means of an interposed conductive screen, connected to the means of connection for a PE conductor, either directly or via protective equipotential bonding [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.43, modified – The word "(electrically)" has been deleted from the defined term.] 3.41
protective separation separation of one electric circuit from another by means of: • double insulation or • basic insulation and electrically protective screening or SIST EN 62909-1:2018

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• reinforced insulation [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.44, modified – The word "(electrically)" has been deleted from the defined term.] 3.42
reinforced insulation insulation of hazardous-live-parts which provides a degree of protection against electric shock equivalent to double insulation [SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2007, 3.17.5, modified – The note to entry has been deleted.] 3.43
routine test test to which each individual device is subjected during or after manufacture to ascertain whether it complies with certain criteria [SOURCE: IEC 60050-411:1996, 411-53-02, modified – The term "machine" has been replaced by the term "device".] 3.44
sample test test on a number of devices taken at random from a batch [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.50] 3.45
SELV electric system in which the voltage cannot exceed the value of extra-low voltage: – under normal conditions and – under single fault conditions, including earth faults in other electric circuits
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826.12.31, modified – The term "system" has been deleted in the defined term, as well as the note to entry.] 3.46
simple separation separation between electric circuits or between an electric circuit and local earth by means of basic insulation [SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826.12.28] 3.47
start-up maximum current maximum current consumed by GCPC during the time interval between the start of GCPC and reaching the nominal operation voltage range of the DC-connection interface 3.48
supplementary insulation independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation for fault protection [SOURCE: IEC 60664-1:2007, 3.17.3] SIST EN 62909-1:2018

– 16 – IEC 62909-1:2017 © IEC 2017 3.49
system set of interrelated and/or interconnected independent elements [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.58, modified – Note 1 to entry has been deleted.] 3.50
system voltage voltage used to determine insulation requirements [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.59, modified – Note 1 to entry has been deleted.] 3.51
touch current electric current passing through a human body or through an animal body when it touches one or more accessible parts of an electrical installation or electrical equipment [SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-11-12] 3.52
type test test of one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design meets certain specifications [SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:1991, 811-10-04] 3.53
withstand voltage voltage applied to a specimen under prescribed test conditions which does not cause breakdown 3.54
working voltage voltage, at rated supply conditions (without tolerances) and worst case operating conditions, that occurs by design in a circuit or across insulation [SOURCE: IEC 62477-1:2012, 3.64, modified – Note 1 to entry has been deleted.] 4 GCPC general specification 4.1 General The description of GCPC, its components, operating modes and interfaces are provided in Clause 4. 4.2 Description of GCPC and its components Description of GCPC system: Typically, GCPC is connected under the main circuit breaker in an end-user’s distribution board, managing energy flow to and from the grid. It has two or more energy sources for generating or charging and discharging. GCPC can decrease local power consumption by optimizing the directio
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