EN 13492:2013

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die für die Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien, Zwischenlagern oder Auffangbecken für flüssige Abfallstoffe erforderlich sindGéomembranes, géosynthétiques bentonitiques - Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans la construction des sites d'évacuation de résidus liquides, des stations de transfert ou enceintes de confinement secondaireGeosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations or secondary containment59.080.70GeotekstilijeGeotextiles13.030.40Naprave in oprema za odstranjevanje in obdelavo odpadkovInstallations and equipment for waste disposal and treatmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13492:2013SIST EN 13492:2013en,fr,de01-december-2013SIST EN 13492:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13492:2005/A1:2007SIST EN 13492:20051DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13492
July 2013 ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50 Supersedes EN 13492:2004English Version
Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of liquid waste disposal sites, transfer stations or secondary containment
Barrières géosynthétiques - Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans la construction des sites d'évacuation de résidus liquides, des stations de transfert ou enceintes de confinement secondaire
Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die für die Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien, Zwischenlagern oder Auffangbecken für flüssige Abfallstoffe erforderlich sind This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 May 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
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B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13492:2013: ESIST EN 13492:2013

Factory production control  Factory production control scheme . 19 A.1 General . 19 A.2 Product design . 19 A.3 Production . 19 A.3.1 Raw or incoming materials . 19 A.3.2 Production process . 19 A.4 Finished products . 19 A.4.1 Raw or incoming materials . 19 A.4.2 Alternative tests . 22 A.4.3 Equipment . 22 A.5 Provisions applicable to A.2, A.3 and A.4 (to be used where appropriate) . 23 A.5.1 Records . 23 A.5.2 Assessment of results . 23 A.5.3 Traceability . 23 A.5.4 Corrective action for non-conforming materials and products . 23 SIST EN 13492:2013

Durability of geosynthetic barriers . 24 B.1 Introduction . 24 B.1.1 Standards to which this annex is common . 24 B.1.2 Mechanisms of degradation . 24 B.1.3 Service life . 25 B.1.4 Use of rework materials . 25 B.2 Test requirements . 25 B.2.1 General requirement . 25 B.2.2 Requirements for repeat testing . 25 B.2.3 Requirements for individual materials . 26 B.3 Durability tests . 27 B.3.1 Introduction . 27 B.3.2 Weathering . 27 B.3.3 Resistance to micro-organisms . 29 B.3.4 Resistance to environmental stress cracking . 29 B.3.5 Resistance to leaching . 29 B.3.6 Resistance to oxidation . 30 B.3.7 Chemical resistance . 30 B.4 Evaluation tests and acceptance criteria . 30 B.4.1 General. 30 B.4.2 Evaluation by comparison of tensile properties . 30 B.4.3 Evaluation by comparison of Oxidative Induction Time (OIT) values . 31 B.4.4 Evaluation by change in mass . 31 B.4.5 Evaluation by change in water permeability . 31 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive . 32 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 32 ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of geosynthetic barriers . 33 ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity . 33 ZA.2.2 EC Certificate and Declaration of Conformity . 35 ZA.3 CE marking and labelling . 35 Bibliography . 39
Tests for some non-mandated characteristics are still under study and will be included when the standard is revised. The term “product” used in this document refers to a geosynthetic barrier, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers. This document is part of a group of standards, addressing the requirements for geosynthetic barriers when used in a specific application.
Particular application cases can contain requirements about additional properties and - preferably standardised - test methods, if they are technically relevant and not conflicting with European Standards.
The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluids through the construction.
This document is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products. This document provides for the evaluation of conformity of the product to this document. This document defines requirements to be met by manufacturers and distributors with regard to the presentation of product properties.
2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 495-5, Flexible sheets for waterproofing — Determination of foldability at low temperature — Part 5: Plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing EN 1109, Flexible sheets for waterproofing — Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing — Determination of flexibility at low temperature EN 1844, Flexible sheets for waterproofing — Determination of resistance to ozone — Plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing EN 1849-1, Flexible sheets for waterproofing — Determination of thickness and mass per unit area — Part 1: Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing EN 1849-2, Flexible sheets for waterproofing — Determination of thickness and mass per unit area — Part 2: Plastic and rubber sheets EN 12224, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Determination of the resistance to weathering EN 12225, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial test EN 12310-1, Flexible sheets for waterproofing — Part 1: Bitumen sheets for waterproofing — Determination of resistance to tearing (nail shank) EN 12311-1, Flexible sheets for waterproofing — Part 1: Bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing — Determination of tensile properties EN 12311-2, Flexible sheets for waterproofing — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing EN 13361, Geosynthetic barriers — Characteristics required for use in the construction of reservoirs and dams EN 13362, Geosynthetic Barriers — Characteristics required for use in the construction of canals SIST EN 13492:2013

(ISO 12957-1) EN ISO 12957-2, Geosynthetics — Determination of friction characteristics — Part 2: Inclined plane test (ISO 12957-2) EN ISO 13438, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products — Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidation (ISO 13438) ISO 34-1:2010, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic  Determination of tear strength  Part 1: Trouser, angle and crescent test pieces ISO 11357-6, Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 6: Determination of oxidation induction time (isothermal OIT) and oxidation induction temperature (dynamic OIT) ASTM D696, Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between -30 °C and 30 °C With a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer ASTM D1434, Standard Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting ASTM D5890, Standard Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 10318:2005 and the following apply. 3.1.1 product geosynthetic barrier, including polymeric, bituminous and clay barriers 3.1.2 specification document in which the works, functions, specific conditions and required material property values of the geosynthetic barrier of use are described 3.1.3 liquid waste waste in liquid form, including waste water but excluding liquid-solid mixtures having capability to be handled as, or mixed with solid waste for storage purposes 3.1.4 transfer station site or construction where liquid waste is stored in view of its further transport for recovery, treatment or disposal elsewhere 3.1.5 secondary containment for liquid waste barrier system designed to collect and store any hazardous leachate from a waste disposal site 3.1.6 basal liner material which forms the main barrier to prevent the escape of contained fluids from the base of the facility SIST EN 13492:2013

4.2.2 Application 1: "base and slope barriers" Application where the geosynthetic barrier is used as a barrier in the base and/or side slopes. Not all GBR systems might be applicable for an uncovered design (left side of Figure 1). Figure 1 shows a typical cross-section. SIST EN 13492:2013

Key 1 liquid waste level 2 geosynthetic barrier 3 revetment 4 geotextile 5 subsoil Figure 1 — A geosynthetic barrier in a base and or slope construction of a liquid waste disposal site (left covered; right - uncovered) 4.2.3 Application 2: "cover barrier" Application where the geosynthetic barrier is used as a barrier to cover the liquid waste (floating cover). Not all GBR systems might be applicable. Figure 2 shows a typical cross-section.
Key 1 geosynthetic barrier 2 liquid waste level 3 floating devices Figure 2 — A geosynthetic barrier as a cover for a liquid waste disposal site 4.3 Relevant characteristics The characteristics and the test methods to be used are given in Table 1. The list of characteristics in Table 1 includes those relevant to all conditions of use and subject to harmonisation (H) (see Annex ZA), those relevant to all conditions of use and not subject to harmonisation (A), and those relevant to specific conditions of use and not subject to harmonisation (S).
The functions and conditions of use, corresponding with the characteristics, marked with “S” in Table 1, are specified in 4.4.
The manufacturer shall provide the data based on the results of tests specified in this document and where relevant, in accordance with 5.1. SIST EN 13492:2013

Geosynthetic barrier Test methods Remarks Nr Property to be tested GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C
Physical properties
1 Thickness A A A EN 1849-2 EN 1849-1 EN ISO 9863-1
2 Mass per unit area A A A EN 1849-2 EN 1849-1 EN 14196
Hydraulic properties
3 Water permeability (liquid tightness)
H H H EN 14150 EN 14150 EN 16416 Report index flux for GBR-C.
4 Gas permeability (gas tightness) H H S ASTM D1434
ASTM D1434
EN ISO 10773 See 4.4.10. 5 Swell index - - A - - ASTM D5890
Mechanical properties
6 Tensile strength
H H H EN ISO 527-1,
EN ISO 527-3,
EN ISO 527-4
or EN 12311-2 EN 12311-1 EN ISO 10319 For non-reinforced GBR-P use EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3:1995, test specimen type 5 at a speed of 100 mm/min.
For reinforced GBR-P use EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-4:1997, specimen type 2 with width 50 mm, at a speed of 5 mm/min. EN 12311-2 should only be used for non-polyolefinic GBR-P. Report in all cases the maximum strength measured according to the test method. 7 Elongation A A A EN ISO 527-1,
EN ISO 527-3,
EN ISO 527-4
or EN 12311-2 EN 12311-1 EN ISO 10319 For non-reinforced GBR-P use EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3:1995, test specimen type 5 at a speed of 100 mm/min.
For reinforced GBR-P use EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-4:1997, specimen type 2, width 50 mm, at a speed of 5 mm/min. Calculation of elongation as defined in EN ISO 527-1:2012, 10.2, using grip separation measurement. EN 12311-2 should only be used for non-polyolefinic GBR-P. SIST EN 13492:2013

Table 1 (continued)
Geosynthetic barrier Test methods Remarks Nr Property to be tested GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C
8 Static puncture H H H EN ISO 12236 EN ISO 12236 EN ISO 12236
9 Burst strength S S S EN 14151
EN 14151 EN 14151 This test applies to GBR-C only if they contain a polymeric or bituminous barrier element. 10 Tear strength S S - ISO 34-1 EN 12310-1 - For GBR-P use ISO 34-1:2010, Method B, angle specimen (Figure 2) without nick at a speed of 50 mm/min. 11 Friction direct shear S S S EN ISO 12957-1 EN ISO 12957-1 EN ISO 12957-1
12 Friction inclined
plane S S S EN ISO 12957-2 EN ISO 12957-2 EN ISO 12957-2
Thermal properties
13 Low temp behaviour (flexure) S S - EN 495-5 EN 1109 -
14 Thermal expansion A A - ASTM D696 - -
Durability and chemical resistance
15 Weathering H H - EN 12224 EN 12224 EN 12224 GBR-C: see 4.4.6 16 Micro organisms A A A EN 12225 EN 12225 EN 12225
17 Oxidation H H H EN 14575 EN 14575
EN ISO 13438 For the geotextile elements and reinforcement yarns of GBR-C barriers, EN ISO 13438 is applicable. SIST EN 13492:2013

Geosynthetic barrier Test methods Remarks Nr Property to be tested GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P
GBR-B GBR-C
18 Environmental stress cracking H - S EN 14576 - EN 14576 EN 14576 is not applicable to GBR-P with a non-crystalline structure. If GPR-P is greater than 0,5 mm and less than 1,0 mm the test EN 14576 shall be performed with the same composition at a thickness between 1,0 mm and 1,5 mm. In order to estimate exposure durability of thermoset elastomers, as non-crystalline materials cannot be tested following the environmental stress cracking test (EN 14576), the ozone stress cracking test shall be performed according to EN 1844 and evaluated with tensile strength measurements of the reference and the exposed specimen in accordance with B.4.1. 19 Leaching (water soluble) A A A EN 14415 EN 14415
EN 14415
20 Chemical resistance A A A EN 14414 EN 14414 EN 14414
21 Wetting/drying - - S - - CEN/TS 14417
22 Freezing / thaw - - S - - CEN/TS 14418
23 Root penetration S S S CEN/TS 14416 CEN/TS 14416 CEN/TS 14416
Relevancy:
H : required for harmonisation;
A : relevant to all conditions of use; S : relevant to specific conditions of use;
-: not relevant
Particular application cases may contain requirements about additional properties and - preferably standardised - test methods, if they are technically relevant and not conflicting with European Standards. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.
4.4.4 Friction characteristics (direct shear and inclined plane tests) Data on friction characteristics are required in all applications where differential movement may take place between the product and adjacent materials including, but not by way of limitation, geosynthetic barriers applied to slopes and certain types of anchoring arrangements.
In addition to the friction characteristics information on the internal bonding strength of GBR-C in the direction of the actual stress may be relevant. A shear (EN ISO 12957 and ASTM D6243) or peel (EN ISO 13426-1 and EN ISO 13426-2 and/or ASTM D6496 (for needle punched GBR-C)) test may be appropriate, particularly on slopes or in applications where shear stress may occur (i.e. during installation). Site specific testing should be carried out to establish the friction characteristics between all the materials used. 4.4.5 Low temperature behaviour Data on low temperature behaviour are required for applications where polymer and bituminous products may be exposed to low temperatures in storage, construction, and use
Tests which set simple pass/fail criteria at a single temperature condition may not be appropriate for this purpose).
Prehydrated GBR-C should not be stored or installed when the ambient temperature is below 0 °C. 4.4.6 Weathering Data on weathering (combined effects of cycles of wetting, temperature change, and exposure to UV light) are required for applications where the GBR-C barrier will be exposed to weathering without adequate protective cover. It should be noted that in all normal situations GBR-C barriers should be covered with soil or other revetment on the same working day or prior to any circumstances which could cause a hydration of the clay component. 4.4.7
Resistance to wetting and drying Data on the resistance of GBR-C to repeated wetting and drying is required when the conditions of use will subject the product to this sequence of actions. SIST EN 13492:2013

4.4.10 Gas Permeability Data on gas permeability are required when a health or safety risk from ground gas may occur or when it is environmentally induced. The decision to include this requirement should be taken by the design engineer.
Whenever a GBR-C is used as sole gas barrier it shall be ensured that the GBR-C remains hydrated in use to act as a gas barrier. Not all product types may be suitable for liquid waste. 4.5 Release of dangerous substances National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and sometimes content, when construction products covered by this standard are placed on those markets. In the absence of European harmonised test methods, verification and declaration on release/content should be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use. NOTE An informative database covering European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the Construction web site on EUROPA accessed through: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/cpd-ds/. 5 Evaluation of conformity 5.1 Presentation of characteristics The characteristics specified in Table 2, except for durability, expressed as mean values and tolerance limit(s) corresponding to the 95 % confidence level, shall be given by the manufacturer, based on the statistical interpretation of his internal quality control measurements. Physical examination or preliminary testing, according to one of the test methods referenced in Table 1, may indicate that values obtained for a product lie below (or above) the sensitivity threshold established for that test method. In these particular circumstances the manufacturer may declare a value as being less (or greater) than this sensitivity threshold value. Information about durability shall be expressed in accordance with Annex B. 5.2 Verification of values The marking and labelling of the rolls and of the products shall be checked. The marking of the products shall be according to EN ISO 10320. NOTE The method described in this clause is not compulsory for an on-site control procedure. The compliance of characteristics with the values defined in 5.1 shall be based on measurements made on two representative samples (A and B), taken from two different rolls. Sampling shall be made in accordance with EN ISO 9862. SIST EN 13492:2013

If the test result(s) for a particular characteristic is (are) within the tolerance limit(s) given by the manufacturer, the product is accepted as complying with respect to this characteristic. If the test result(s) for a particular characteristic is (are) outside the tolerance limit(s), specimens prepared from sample B shall be tested. If the test result(s) of the sample B specimens for the same characteristic are within the given tolerance limit(s), the product is accepted as complying with respect to that characteristic. If the test result(s) is (are) outside the tolerance limit(s), the product is not accepted. 5.3 Initial type tests Initial type tests shall be carried out by the manufacturer to define the values of the properties to be declared for the product to satisfy the requirements of this document. Initial type tests shall also be carried out on existing products when a change in the basic materials or manufacturing procedures affects the declared properties or the use of a product. In these cases the appropriate initial type tests are those for the properties which are affected or need confirming and new properties introduced by a change of use. The tests to be conducted shall be reference tests as specified in this document and shall be selected for the characteristics specified in Table 2, consistent with the product’s intended use: Table 2 — Characteristics required for initial type testing and evaluation of conformity Characteristica
Functions Tensile strength Fluid and gas barrier Static puncture (CBR test) Fluid and gas barrier Liquid tightness Fluid and gas barrier Gas tightness Gas barrier Durability Fluid and gas barrier a For the durability aspects of these characteristics, see Table 1, 4.4 and Annex B.
The results of initial type tests shall be recorded and be available for inspection. The sample for the type tests shall be drawn according to EN ISO 9862 from a normal production run using the materials and forming processes to be used for the full production process. The size of the sample shall be big enough to allow the determination of the characteristics specified in Table 2. Handmade samples, short trial batches and other development prototypes may be tested by the same methods, but shall not be used for establishing characteristic values in type tests.
5.4 Factory production control A factory production control scheme shall be established and documented in a manual prior to a product type being placed on the market. Subsequently, any fundamental changes in raw materials and additives, manufacturing procedures or the control scheme that affects the properties or use of a product shall be recorded in the manual. The manual shall include the factory production control procedures relevant to the declared properties, as confirmed by the initial type tests.
Annex A (normative) lists all the items that shall be considered to determine which is appropriate for the control exercised for a product. The manufacturer shall establish the applicable items and record them in his factory production control manual.
When relevant, the procedure given in 5.2 shall be used to check the conformity of the product, for one or more of the characteristics. 5.5 Inspection
When required, inspection of the factory and of the factory production control shall be made on the provisions contained in 5.4 and Annex A. 6 Marking
The manufacturer shall clearly and indelibly mark the geosynthetic barrier with the information specified in EN ISO 10320. NOTE For CE Marking, see ZA.3. SIST EN 13492:2013

Factory production control  Factory production control scheme A.1 General The items to be addressed in the factory production control manual relating to the system of control determined from 5.4 are given in Annex A. A.2 Product design The manufacturer shall describe how design requirements and criteria are identified, checked, controlled and updated to be unambiguous and relevant to the use of the product and its specification. The manufacturer shall describe the communication of the design to the internal production departments or external sub-contractors. A.3 Production A.3.1 Raw or incoming materials The manufacturer shall define the acceptance criteria of incoming materials and the procedures that he operates to ensure that these are met. A.3.2 Production process
The relevant features of the plant and production process shall be defined giving the frequency of the inspections, checks and tests, together with the values or criteria required both on equipment and on work in the process. The action to be taken when control values or criteria ar
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