EN 12952-16:2022
(Main)Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 16: Requirements for grate and fluidized-bed firing systems for solid fuels for the boiler
Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 16: Requirements for grate and fluidized-bed firing systems for solid fuels for the boiler
1.1 Firing systems
This document applies to atmospheric fluidized-bed and grate firing systems of steam boilers and hot water generators. These systems commence at the fuel bunkers and end at the ash extraction plant. For combination of various firing systems, the individual requirements of each system apply, especially those included in EN 12952-8:2022 and EN 12952-9:2022.
If several fuels are burnt simultaneously or if a fuel quality varies considerably (e.g. moisture content), additional safety measures can be necessary, especially with respect to limitation of the fuel flow into the firing system and ensuring proper air supply to the individual fuels.
Pressurized firing systems can require enhanced safety measures, which are not given in this European Standard.
1.2 Fuels
This document covers the use of solid fuels. Pulverized fuel fired in an entrained air flow (burner) system is covered by EN 12952-9:2022.
Solid fuels covered are:
• all coal qualities, e.g. lignite or brown coal, sub-bituminous or hard brown coal, bituminous coal or hard coal, pitch coal, anthracite, coke, coal culm, coal sludge;
• other fossil solid fuels (e.g. peat, oil shale);
• biomass solid fuels (e.g. wood, wood wastes [bark], pellets, energy plants [miscanthus], harvest wastes [straw] and briquettes);
• municipal waste solid fuels (e.g. garbage, sewage sludge, refuse derived fuels [RDF]);
• industrial waste solid fuels (e.g. petrol coke, soot, tyres, paper wastes, coated wood chips, spent wood, animal product wastes).
Fuel blends from two or more groups, or fuels of unconventional or unknown quality can require special safety measures which can be proved either by practical experience gained from comparable fuels, or by suitable tests, e.g. in accordance with EN 14034-2:2006+A1:2011. Such measures specified and documented by the manufacturer.
Fuels on which the design is documented in the operating instructions (see 11.2). This includes the fuel data for 100 % input of the basic fuel and the data for any supplementary fuels together with their maximum thermal input percentage.
1.3 Operation
The requirements for operational equipment in Clause 4, Clause 5, Clause 6, Clause 7, Clause 8, Clause 9, Clause 10 and Clause 11 apply to steam boilers and hot water generators with permanent supervision by properly trained personnel familiar with the special conditions of the firing systems and the type of fuel.
Wasserrohrkessel und Anlagenkomponenten - Teil 16: Anforderungen an Rost- und Wirbelschichtfeuerungsanlagen für feste Brennstoffe für den Kessel
1.1 Feuerungsanlagen
Dieses Dokument gilt für atmosphärische Wirbelschicht- und Rostfeuerungsanlagen von Dampfkesseln und Heißwassererzeugern. Diese beginnen bei den Brennstoffbunkern und enden bei der Entaschungsanlage. Bei Kombination verschiedener Feuerungsanlagen gelten auch deren spezielle Anforderungen, insbesondere die, die in EN 12952 8:2022 und EN 12952 9:2022 enthalten sind.
Werden mehrere Brennstoffe gleichzeitig verbrannt oder variiert eine Brennstoffqualität stark (z. B. Feuchtegehalt), können zusätzliche Sicherheitsmaßnahmen erforderlich sein, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Begrenzung des Brennstoffstroms in die Feuerungsanlage und der Sicherstellung einer ordnungsgemäßen Luftzufuhr zu den einzelnen Brennstoffen.
Druckfeuerungsanlagen können erhöhte Sicherheitsmaßnahmen erfordern, die in dieser Europäischen Norm nicht festgelegt sind.
1.2 Brennstoffe
Dieses Dokument behandelt den Einsatz von festen Brennstoffen. Kohlenstaub, der in einem Flug-strom (Brenner-)system verfeuert wird, ist in EN 12952 9:2022 behandelt.
Erfasste feste Brennstoffe sind:
— alle Kohlenarten, z. B. Lignit oder Braunkohle, hoch- oder niederflüchtige Steinkohle, Pechkohle, Anthrazit, Koks, Koksgrus, Kohlenschlamm;
— andere fossile feste Brennstoffe (z. B. Torf, Ölschiefer);
— feste Biomasse-Brennstoffe (z. B. Holz, Holzabfälle (Rinde), Pellets, Zuchtpflanzen (Miscanth), Ernteabfälle (Stroh) und Briketts);
— feste städtische Abfallbrennstoffe (z. B. Müll, Klärschlamm, aus Müll gewonnene Brennstoffe (BRAM));
— feste Industrie-Abfallbrennstoffe (z. B. Petrolkoks, Ruß, Reifen, Papierabfälle, Späne von beschichtetem Holz, genutztes Holz, Schlachthofabfälle).
Brennstoffmischungen von einer oder mehreren Gruppen oder Brennstoffe ungewöhnlicher oder unbekannter Art können besondere Sicherheitsmaßnahmen erfordern, deren Eignung entweder durch praktische Erfahrungen, gewonnen mit vergleichbaren Brennstoffen, oder durch geeignete Versuche, z. B. entsprechend EN 14034 2:2006+A1:2011, bestätigt werden kann. Derartige Maßnahmen sind durch den Hersteller festzulegen und zu dokumentieren.
Brennstoffe, auf denen die Auslegung basiert, sind in den Betriebsanleitungen (siehe 11.2) festzulegen. Dies umfasst die Brennstoffdaten für 100 % Zufuhr des Grundbrennstoffes und alle Daten für Zusatzbrennstoffe zusammen mit ihrem maximalen thermischen Zufuhranteil.
1.3 Betrieb
Die Anforderungen an die betriebliche Ausrüstung in Abschnitt 4, Abschnitt 5, Abschnitt 6, Abschnitt 7, Abschnitt 8, Abschnitt 9, Abschnitt 10 und Abschnitt 11 gelten für Dampf- und Heißwassererzeuger mit ständiger Beaufsichtigung durch entsprechend ausgebildete Personen, die mit den besonderen Bedingungen der Feuerungsanlage und der Brennstoffart vertraut sind.
Chaudières à tubes d’eau et installations auxiliaires - Partie 16: Exigences pour les équipements de chauffe à lit fluidisé pour combustibles solides
1.1 Équipements de chauffe
Le présent document s'applique aux équipements de chauffe à lit fluidisé et à grille des chaudières à vapeur et des générateurs d’eau surchauffée. Ces équipements commencent aux trémies à combustible et se terminent à l'installation d'extraction des cendres. Pour ce qui concerne la combinaison de différents équipements de chauffe, les exigences spécifiques de chaque équipement s’appliquent, notamment celles spécifiées dans l’EN 12952 8:2022 et l’EN 12952 9:2022.
Lorsque plusieurs combustibles sont brûlés simultanément ou lorsqu'une qualité de combustible varie de manière significative (par exemple la teneur en humidité), des mesures de sécurité supplémentaires peuvent se révéler nécessaires, notamment pour ce qui concerne la réduction du débit de combustible approvisionnant l'équipement de chauffe et la bonne alimentation en air pour les différents combustibles.
Des équipements de chauffe sous pression peuvent nécessiter des mesures de sécurité accrues qui ne sont pas spécifiées dans la présente Norme européenne.
1.2 Combustibles
Le présent document couvre l'utilisation de combustibles solides. L’EN 12952 9:2022 couvre le combustible pulvérisé brûlé dans un système d’écoulement d’air entraîné (brûleur).
Les combustibles solides couverts sont :
• toutes les qualités de charbon, par exemple le lignite ou le charbon brun, le charbon brun subbitumineux ou dur, le charbon bitumineux ou la houille, le charbon de brai, l'anthracite, le coke, la poussière de charbon, les résidus de charbon ;
• d'autres combustibles solides (par exemple la tourbe, le schiste bitumineux) ;
• les combustibles solides biomasses (par exemple le bois, les déchets de bois [l'écorce], les boulettes, les plantes énergétiques [miscanthus], les résidus de moisson [paille] et briquettes) ;
• les combustibles solides de déchets urbains (par exemple des ordures, des boues d'eaux d'égouts, des combustibles dérivés des déchets [RDF]) ;
• des combustibles solides de déchets industriels (par exemple du coke de pétrole, de la suie, des pneus, des déchets de papier, des copeaux de bois revêtus, du bois usagé, des déchets de produits animaux).
Des mélanges de combustibles provenant de deux groupes ou plus, ou des combustibles d'une qualité inhabituelle ou inconnue peuvent nécessiter des mesures de sécurité particulières. Ce besoin peut être révélé par l'expérience pratique acquise avec des combustibles comparables, ou par des essais appropriés, par exemple conformément à l’EN 14034 2:2006+A1:2011. De telles mesures doivent être spécifiées et consignées par le fabricant.
Les combustibles autorisés à la conception sont consignés dans les instructions d'exploitation (voir 11.2). Ceci concerne les données de combustible pour un approvisionnement de 100 % de combustible de base, et les données de tous combustibles supplémentaires selon leur pourcentage d'apport thermique maximal.
1.3 Mode opératoire
Les exigences relatives aux équipements d'exploitation des Article 4, Article 5, Article 6, Article 7, Article 8, Article 9, Article 10 et Article 11 s'appliquent aux chaudières à vapeur et aux générateurs d'eau surchauffée, sous surveillance permanente assurée par un personnel correctement formé et familiarisé aux particularités des équipements de chauffe et du type de combustible.
Vodocevni kotli in pomožne napeljave - 16. del: Zahteve za kurilne sisteme na trdna goriva z zgorevalno rešetko ali z lebdečo plastjo
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12952-16:2003
Vodocevni kotli in pomožne napeljave - 16. del: Zahteve za kurilne sisteme na
trdna goriva z zgorevalno rešetko ali z lebdečo plastjo
Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 16: Requirements for grate and
fluidized-bed firing systems for solid fuels for the boiler
Wasserrohrkessel und Anlagenkomponenten - Teil 16: Anforderungen an Rost- und
Wirbelschichtfeuerungsanlagen für feste Brennstoffe für den Kessel
Chaudières à tubes d’eau et installations auxiliaires - Partie 16: Exigences pour les
équipements de chauffe à lit fluidisé pour combustibles solides
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12952-16:2022
ICS:
27.060.30 Grelniki vode in prenosniki Boilers and heat exchangers
toplote
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 12952-16
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.040 Supersedes EN 12952-16:2002
English Version
Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 16:
Requirements for grate and fluidized-bed firing systems
for solid fuels for the boiler
Chaudières à tubes d'eau et installations auxiliaires - Wasserrohrkessel und Anlagenkomponenten - Teil 16:
Partie 16: Exigences pour les équipements de chauffe à Anforderungen an Rost- und
lit fluidisé pour combustibles solides Wirbelschichtfeuerungsanlagen für feste Brennstoffe
für den Kessel
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 August 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12952-16:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 6
1.1 Firing systems . 6
1.2 Fuels . 6
1.3 Operation . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Fuel storage facilities with conveying plant . 9
4.1 General. 9
4.2 Conveying plant . 10
4.3 Fuel bunkers . 10
4.4 Fuel bins . 11
5 Fuel treatment . 11
5.1 General. 11
5.2 Size reduction of the fuel . 11
5.3 Drying of the fuel . 12
6 Fuel feeding . 12
7 Explosion prevention measures . 13
Table 1 — Overview of important prevention measures for different operational areas . 13
8 Equipment for combustion air supply and flue gas discharge . 13
8.1 Air supply . 13
8.2 Combustion air/fuel ratio . 14
8.3 Flue gas discharge . 14
9 Firing system . 15
9.1 General. 15
9.2 Monitoring and control . 15
9.3 Electrical equipment. 16
9.4 Safety precautions . 16
9.4.1 General. 16
9.4.2 Purging . 16
9.4.3 Lighting-up . 17
9.4.4 Start-up . 17
9.4.5 Shutting down . 18
9.5 Common stack for several firing systems . 18
10 Ash handling and extraction . 19
11 Operating manual . 19
Annex A (informative) Operational requirements for permanently supervised firing systems
for solid fuels for fluidized-bed and grate firing systems . 20
A.1 General. 20
A.2 Operation . 20
A.3 Operation and maintenance . 20
A.3.1 General . 20
A.3.2 Operating instructions . 20
Annex B (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and
the previous edition . 21
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of EU Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered . 22
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 2014/68/EU
................................................................................................................................................................... 22
Bibliography . 23
European foreword
This document (EN 12952-16:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 269 “Shell and
water-tube boilers”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by April 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12952-16:2002.
The technical modifications in comparison with the previous edition are listed in Annex B.
The EN 12952 series concerning water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations consists of the following
parts:
• Part 1: General;
• Part 2: Materials for pressure parts of boilers and accessories;
• Part 3: Design and calculation for pressure parts;
• Part 4: In service boiler life expectancy calculations;
• Part 5: Workmanship and construction of pressure parts of the boiler;
• Part 6: Inspection during construction, documentation and marking of pressure parts of the boiler;
• Part 7: Requirements for equipment for the boiler;
• Part 8: Requirements for firing systems for liquid and gaseous fuels for the boiler;
• Part 9: Requirements for firing systems for pulverized solid fuels for the boiler;
• Part 10: Requirements for safeguards against excessive pressure;
• Part 11: Requirements for limiting devices of the boiler and accessories;
• Part 12: Requirements for boiler feedwater and boiler water quality;
• Part 13: Requirements for flue gas cleaning systems;
• Part 14: Requirements for flue gas DENOX systems using liquefied pressurized ammonia and ammonia
water solution;
• Part 15: Acceptance tests;
• Part 16: Requirements for grate and fluidized-bed firing systems for solid fuels for the boiler;
• CR 12952 Part 17: Guideline for the involvement of an inspection body independent of the
manufacturer;
• Part 18: Operating instructions.
Although these parts can be obtained separately, it should be recognized that the parts are inter-
dependent. As such, the design and manufacture of water-tube boilers requires the application of more
than one part in order for the requirements of the document to be satisfactorily fulfilled.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
1.1 Firing systems
This document applies to atmospheric fluidized-bed and grate firing systems of steam boilers and hot
water generators. These systems commence at the fuel bunkers and end at the ash extraction plant. For
combination of various firing systems, the individual requirements of each system apply, especially those
included in EN 12952-8:2022 and EN 12952-9:2022.
If several fuels are burnt simultaneously or if a fuel quality varies considerably (e.g
...
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