EN ISO 17662:2005

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2005
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Welding - Calibration, verification and validation of equipment used for welding, including
ancillary activities (ISO 17662:2005)
Schweißen - Kalibrierung, Verifizierung und Validierung von Einrichtungen einschließlich
ergänzender Tätigkeiten, die beim Schweißen verwendet werden (ISO 17662:2005)
Soudage - Etalonnage, vérification et validation du matériel utilisé pour le soudage, y
compris pour les procédés connexes (ISO 17662:2005)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 17662:2005
ICS:
25.160.30 Varilna oprema Welding equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 17662
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2005
ICS 25.160.30
English version
Welding - Calibration, verification and validation of equipment
used for welding, including ancillary activities (ISO 17662:2005)
Soudage - Etalonnage, vérification et validation du matériel Schweißen - Kalibrierung, Verifizierung und Validierung von
utilisé pour le soudage, y compris pour les procédés Einrichtungen einschließlich ergänzender Tätigkeiten, die
connexes (ISO 17662:2005) beim Schweißen verwendet werden (ISO 17662:2005)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 February 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 17662:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents page
Foreword.4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 General requirements.7
4.1 General.7
4.2 Frequency.8
4.3 Requirements.9
4.4 Process data.9
4.5 Materials properties.9
5 Process data common to more than one welding process.10
5.1 Process data common to all welding processes.10
5.2 Requirements specific to several welding processes .12
5.3 Requirements specific to arc welding .13
6 Metal arc welding without gas protection (group 11) .15
7 Plasma arc welding (group 15).15
8 Resistance welding (groups 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25) .15
9 Gas welding (group 3) .17
10 Friction welding (group 42).17
11 Laser beam welding (group 52).18
12 Electron beam welding (group 51).19
13 Stud welding (group 78).20
14 Brazing (group 91) .21
14.1 General.21
14.2 Manual flame brazing (group 912).22
14.3 Mechanized flame brazing (group 912) .22
14.4 Induction brazing (group 916) .23
14.5 Resistance brazing (group 918) .23
14.6 Furnace brazing in protective atmosphere (group 913) .23
14.7 Vacuum brazing (group 924) .24
14.8 Furnace brazing in open atmosphere (group 913).26
14.9 Dip brazing (group 914), salt-bath brazing (group 915) and flux brazing (group 93) .27
14.10 Infrared brazing (group 911) .28
15 Preheat and/or post weld heat treatment .28
15.1 Preheat.28
15.2 Post weld heat treatment .29
16 Post weld cleaning.30
17 Flame cutting (group 81) and other ancillary processes.30
Annex A (informative) Details for stud welding.31
Annex B (informative) Acceptance testing of equipment .32
Annex C (informative) Parties involved.33
Annex ZA (normative) List of corresponding European and International Standards for which
equivalents are not given in the text .34
Bibliography.35

Foreword
This document (EN ISO 17662:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding”, the
secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 "Welding and allied
processes".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by September 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by September 2005.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

1 Scope
This standard specifies requirements to calibration, verification and validation of equipment used for:
– control of process variables during fabrication,
or
– control of the properties of equipment used for welding or welding allied processes,
where the resulting output cannot be readily or economically documented by subsequent monitoring, inspection
and testing. This regards process variables influencing the fitness-for-purpose and in particular the safety of the
fabricated product.
NOTE 1 The standard is based on the lists of process variables stated in standards for specification of welding procedures, in
particular, but not exclusively on the EN ISO 15609 series of standards. Future revisions of these standards can result in
addition or deletion of parameters considered necessary to specify.

Some guidance is, in addition, given in annex B as regards requirements to calibration; verification and validation
as part of acceptance testing of equipment used for welding or allied processes.
Requirements to calibration, verification and validation as part of inspection, testing, non-destructive testing or
measuring of final welded products performed in order to verify product compliance are outside the scope of the
present standard.
The subject of the standard is limited to calibration, verification and validation of equipment after installation, as part
of the workshops’ schemes for maintenance and/or operation.
NOTE 2 It should be stressed that the standard has nothing to do with manufacture and installation of equipment for welding.
Requirements to new equipment are formulated in directives and product codes (standards), as necessary.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN 562, Gas welding equipment — Pressure gauges used in welding, cutting and allied processes
EN 729-1, Quality requirements for welding — Fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 1: Guidelines for
selection and use
EN 729-2, Quality requirements for welding — Fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 2: Comprehensive
quality requirements
EN 729-3, Quality requirements for welding — Fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 3: Standard quality
requirements
EN 729-4, Quality requirements for welding — Fusion welding of metallic materials — Part 4: Elementary quality
requirements
EN 970, Non-destructive examination of fusion welds — Visual examination
EN 1321, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Macroscopic and microscopic examination of welds
CR 12361, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials — Etchants for macroscopic and microscopic
examination
EN 13134, Brazing — Procedure approval
ENV 50184, Validation of arc welding equipment
EN ISO 14554-1, Quality requirements for welding — Resistance welding of metallic materials — Part 1:
Comprehensive quality requirements (ISO 14554-1:2000)
EN ISO 14554-2, Quality requirements for welding — Resistance welding of metallic materials — Part 2:
Elementary quality requirements (ISO 14554-2:2000)
EN ISO 14555, Welding — Arc stud welding of metallic materials (ISO 14555:1998)
EN ISO 14744-5, Welding — Acceptance inspection of electron beam welding machines — Part 5: Measurement of
run-out accuracy (ISO 14744-5:2000)
EN ISO 15609-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure
specification - Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1:2004)
EN ISO 15609-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure
specification - Part 2: Gas welding (ISO 15609-2:2001)
EN ISO 15609-3, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure
specification - Part 3: Electron beam welding (ISO 15609-3:2004)
EN ISO 15609-4, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure
specification - Part 4: Laser beam welding (ISO 15609-4:2004)
EN ISO 15609-5, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure
specification - Part 5: Resistance welding (ISO 15609-5:2004)
EN ISO 15620, Welding — Friction welding of metallic materials (ISO 15620:2000)
ISO 669, Resistance welding — Resistance welding equipment — Mechanical and electrical requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
accuracy class
class of measuring instruments that meet certain metrological requirements that are intended to keep errors within
specified limits
[1]
3.2
accuracy of measurand
closeness of the agreement between the result of a measurement and a true value of the measurement
[1]
3.3
calibration
set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of quantities indicated
by a measuring instrument or measuring system, or values represented by a material measure or a reference
material, and the corresponding values realized by standards
[1]
3.4
measurement
set of operations having the object of determining a value of a quantity
[1]
3.5
measuring instrument
device intended to be used to make measurements, alone or in conjunction with supplementary device(s)
[1]
3.6
material measure
device intended to reproduce or supply, in a permanent manner during its use, one or more known values of a
given quantity
3.7
measuring system
complete set of measuring instruments and other equipment assembled to carry out specified measurements
[1]
3.8
repeatability (of results of measurements)
closeness of the agreement between the results of successive measurements of the same measurand carried out
under the same conditions of measurement
[1]
3.9
reproducibility (of results of measurement)
closeness of the agreement between the results of measurements of the same measurand carried out under
changed conditions of measurement
[1]
3.10
tractability
property of the result of a measurement or the value of a standard whereby it can be related to stated references,
usually national or international standards, through an unbroken chain of comparisons all having stated
uncertainties
[1]
3.11
validation
confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence that the requirements for a specific intended use or
application have been fulfilled
[EN ISO 9000:2000]
3.12
verification
confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled
[EN ISO 9000:2000]
4 General requirements
4.1 General
Measuring, inspection and test equipment are used for many purposes and as part of many work operations during
welding fabrication. However, the purposes can be grouped as follows:
1) demonstration of conformance of product to specified requirements;
2) control of processes where the resulting output cannot be readily or economically verified by subsequent
monitoring, inspection and testing;
3) general process control.
Measuring, inspection and test equipment used for demonstration of conformance of product to specified
requirements (1) should be properly calibrated, verified or validated. This is e.g. required in EN ISO 9001. Many of
the procedures used for demonstration of conformance inspection are covered by standards, which typically
include provisions for calibration, verification and validation. This is e.g. the case for standards for non-destructive
testing and destructive testing of welds. Further, requirements to documentation of such quality characteristics (e.g.
non-destructive testing) are stated in application standards and/or contracts. Calibration, verification and validation
of measuring devices used for this category of application are not covered by this standard, apart from a few
comments on welding inspection and visual examination. The relevant standards for inspection and testing shall be
consulted.
However, some quality characteristics (also related to safety) cannot be inspected or tested on the finished
structure or product. This is e.g. the case for the materials properties of weld metals and to the heat-affected zones
adjacent to welds. Such quality characteristics have to be documented indirectly by proper documentation of the
fabrication process (2). The guidance given in this standard is limited mainly to calibration, verification and
validation of measuring devices used for such indirect documentation of quality characteristics, influenced by
welding. The measuring, inspection and test equipment can be separate measuring instruments or built-in
instruments in e.g. the power sources used for welding.
Measuring, inspection and test equipment used for general process control may also have to be calibrated, verified
or validated (3). This is, e.g. recommended in EN ISO 9004 . However, specification of such requirements are left
entirely to the discretion of the manufacturer, the requirements cannot be standardized and they are not covered by
the present standard.
A key issue of the standard is discussions of the influence of various process variables on the resulting output and
in particular of the possibilities of verification of the output by subsequent monitoring, inspection and testing. The
distinction between process variables in group (2) and group (3) is not always easy but essential for the
interpretation of contractual and/or legal requirements. The main basis for selection of the relevant variables is the
standards for specification of welding procedures.
The specific requirements to calibration, verification and validation of a particular instrument shall be derived from
the required performance and shall be compatible with the permissible range as specified in the welding procedure
specification (WPS) for the variable(s) in question. Many types of instruments used for control of welding such as
ammeters, voltmeters, thermocouples, stop-watches etc. are also used for non-welding purposes. It should be
noted that the requirements to accuracy, when used for welding purposes might be less stringent than for other
applications of the instruments. “Normal” (standardized) procedures for calibration, verification and validation of the
instruments can be too stringent and costly, if applied for welding purposes.
The formal requirements to calibration, verification and validation as regards control of welding and allied
processes are specified in the EN 729 series of standards and the EN ISO 14554 series of standards. Some more
specific supplementary requirements can, however, be found in structural codes and/or as contractual
requirements.
4.2 Frequency
When a need for calibration, verification or validation of equipment has been identified then calibration, verification
or validation shall be carried out once a year, unless otherwise specified. Where there is a proven record of
repeatability and liability the frequency of calibration, verification and validation can be reduced. It can, however, be
necessary to re-calibrate, re-verify or re-validate at more frequent intervals, depending upon the recommendation
of the manufacturer of the instrument, the requirements of the user, or where there is reason to believe that the
performances of the equipment have deteriorated. However, equipment shall be isolated and calibration,
verification or validation carried out before the equipment is put back in use after the following cases:
 whenever there are indications that an instrument does not register properly;
 whenever the equipment has been visibly damaged and the damage can have influenced the function of one
or more instruments;
 whenever the equipment has been misused, subject to severe stress (overloads, traffic accidents, etc.), or
subject to any other event which can have resulted in damage to one or more instrument;
 whenever the equipment has been rebuilt or repaired.

It should be noted that EN ISO 9004 is not intended for certification, regulatory or contractual use.
4.3 Requirements
Calibration, verification and validation shall, in principle, be carried out for all the instruments used for control of the
welding process variables specified in the welding procedure specification. However, standards for specification of
welding procedures provide comprehensive lists of variables but not all variables are essential for all applications.
The following paragraphs give for all common welding processes some guidelines on relevant requirements.
Calibration, verification and validation can be omitted entirely in the following cases:
a) When verification of the process is not required.
Calibration, verification and validation can be omitted for all processes where there is no legal or contractual
requirement for verification or validation of the process.
NOTE 1 This is usually the case for processes such as flame or plasma cutting and air arc gouging.
b) Mass production
Calibration, verification and validation can be omitted provided all the following conditions are fulfilled:
 production is controlled by pre-production testing, followed by testing of samples from the actual
production at regular intervals;
 the control is supported by an adequate system for statistical quality control;
 the process is reasonably stable during the interval between testing of samples;
 pre-production testing and sampling are performed separately for each production line (welding cell).
c) Series and single piece production
Calibration, verification and validation can be omitted provided all the following conditions are fulfilled:
 the procedures are approved by procedure testing;
 the actual production is carried out by the same welding machine used during procedure testing.
NOTE 2 The manufacturer can, for managerial reasons, wish to perform much more comprehensive calibration, verification
and validation. The main reasons are:
- more efficient control of processes resulting in higher productivity and more economical operation;
- possibility of transferring procedures from one equipment to another without adjustments, maintaining an uninterrupted
production;
- higher process stability and therefore increased economic efficiency;
- control data becomes compatible with different types of equipment.

4.4 Process data
For all welding processes, process data where calibration, verification or validation are needed are stated below.
Calibration, verification or validation is not needed for all other process data.
4.5 Materials properties
Several kinds of materials are used in connection with production involving welding or ancillary activities. This
includes parent metals and filler metals but also shielding gases, materials used for backing, etc. Occasionally
incoming inspection and testing or check of stored materials may have to be performed, e.g. in order to identify a
material. Such activities involve instruments and procedures for chemical analysis, positive material identification,
etc. Provisions for calibration of instruments used for such purposes are outside the scope of the present standard.
Gas backing purity can be measured prior to welding, however, and is an exception.
5 Process data common to more than one welding process
5.1 Process data common to all welding processes
The standards for specification of welding procedures require some data, which are common to all welding
processes. Calibration, verification or validation can be needed for the process data stated in Table 1 to Table 8.
Table 1 — Related to the parent material and filler metals
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Material dimension Instruments used for measurement Measuring instruments such as
and/or verification of material vernier callipers, micrometer
dimensions shall be calibrated, as callipers, gauge blocks, rulers and
necessary. Requirements depend on straightedges, etc. are covered by
the specified tolerances, etc. several EN-, ISO- and national
standards.
Table 2 — Related to the joint
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Joint design Instruments used for measurement See EN 970.
and/or verification of joint dimension
shall be validated.
Welding position Requirements to determination of Relevant instruments are covered
welding position are, as a general by a number of standards.
rule, not very exacting. Instruments
used for measurement and/or
verification of welding position (e.g.
spirit levels and instruments used for
measurements of angles) do not
have to be calibrated, verified or
validated unless damaged, and after
having been repaired.
Joint preparation Instruments used for measurement See EN 970.
and/or verification of joint dimension
shall be validated.
Table 3 — Welding machine
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Characteristic dimensions, Instruments used for measurement Measuring instruments such as
shape and configuration of and/or verification of dimensions, vernier callipers, micrometer
welding machine and shape, position, etc. of jigs, fixtures callipers, gauge blocks, rulers and
working conditions such as: and tooling shall be calibrated, straightedges, etc. are covered by
verified or validated, as appropriate. several EN-, ISO- and national
 number and
standards.
configuration of wire
electrodes;
 diameter of shielding
gas nozzles and
fixtures;
 distance contact tip
nozzle to the surface of
the workpiece;
 diameter of electrodes
and wire electrodes;
 dimensions, shape,
position, etc. of back
and front support.
Table 4 — Jigs, fixtures and tooling
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Jigs and fixtures Instruments used for measurement Measuring instruments such as
and/or verification of dimensions, vernier callipers, micrometer
shape, position, etc. of jigs, fixtures callipers, gauge blocks, rulers and
and tooling shall be calibrated, straightedges, etc. are covered by
verified or validated, as appropriate. several EN-, ISO- and national
standards.
Manipulators, Instruments used for control of EN ISO 14744-5 and
x-y tables, etc. movements shall be calibrated, EN ISO 15616-2 may be used for
verified or validated, as appropriate. general guidance (although the
application is formally limited to
beam welding).
Table 5 — Pre-welding cleaning
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Surface conditions Instruments used for control of Specific to instrument and surface
surface conditions shall be validated. characteristics. Appropriate
standards for the equipment shall
be consulted.
Process Instruments used for process control Appropriate standards for the
shall be calibrated, verified or equipment shall be consulted.
validated, as appropriate, depending
on the nature of the cleaning
process: Washing, pickling, abrasive
blasting, etc.
5.2 Requirements specific to several welding processes
Table 6 — Gas backing
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Gas flow rate Instruments shall be validated. Validated against master
instrument.
Required accuracy ± 20 % of gas
flow rate.
Gas backing purity (oxygen Instruments shall be validated. Calibration by reference gases of
content) known composition, covering at
Required accuracy is ± 25 % of
least the interval from
actual value. However, the purity can
10 ppm to 30 ppm for argon and
also be controlled by inspection of
50 ppm to 150 ppm for forming gas.
colour of protected side of weld HAZ
zones.
Table 7 — Consumables
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Application of flux and filler Instruments shall be calibrated, Measuring instruments such as
metal, method, position, verified or validated, as appropriate. weighing instruments, vernier
deposition rate, etc. callipers, rulers and straightedges,
etc. are covered by several EN-,
ISO- and national standards.
Stopwatches can be validated by
comparison with any reasonably
accurate clock.
Handling Instruments used e.g. for control of Appropriate standards for the
storage conditions (temperature, equipment shall be consulted.
humidity, etc.) shall be calibrated,
verified or validated. Requirements
± 5 % for the instruments concerning
humidity and ± 5 °C for thermometer.
Temperature in storage Instruments for temperature control. Appropriate standards for the
cabinet/room Thermometers and other equipment shall be consulted.
temperature indicators shall be
validated. Requirement max. ± 5 °C.
Treatment prior to welding Instruments used for process control Appropriate standards for the
shall be calibrated, verified or equipment shall be consulted.
validated, as appropriate, depending
on the nature of the treatment:
Drying, cleaning, etc.
Table 8 — Shielding gases
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Shielding gas flow Flow meters shall be validated. Appropriate standards for the
Requirement max. ± 20 % of actual equipment shall be consulted.
value.
5.3 Requirements specific to arc welding
Welding production has been carried out by a large number of manufacturing companies not having any scheme
for systematic calibration, verification and validation of instruments used in welding fabrication. Many have not used
any instruments at all. Welders performing manual metal arc welding control the welding process by observations
performed by 'sound and sight', using their experience. It is simply impossible for the welder to observe any
instrument when he is looking at the bright arc through the darkened glass in his face shield. Measuring
instruments have found little or no use . Heat input is controlled by check of run-out-lengths and/or weld run cross
section. This is e.g. the case when welding single run fillet welds. Maximum weld throat thickness (leg length) is
directly related to minimum run-out-length, minimum throat thickness to maximum run-out-length (for a given type
of electrode). Similar relations apply for butt welds welded with a small number of runs. The welding co-ordinator
planning the production has, as a matter of fact, to exercise great care in order to avoid conflicts and
inconsistencies between requirements to heat input and requirements to run cross section. Calibration, verification
and validation are therefore not usually required for manual metal arc welding.
However, in a few - unusual - cases minimum and/or maximum welding current and sometimes also the arc voltage
have to be strictly controlled. This is usually performed during some run-in tests, where the welding current is
checked by means of a tong-test or other suitable means and the arc voltage measured by any means suitable with
the type of welding current. Such instruments have to be calibrated, verified or validated.
Heat input during welding of a run is directly correlated with the total cross section of the run (weld metal cross
section). The apparent cross section of the run (e.g. throat squared of a single run fillet weld) reflects, however, the
amount of deposited weld metal. It is directly correlated to run-out length for a given type and dimension of manual
metal arc electrode. Heat input during welding can be controlled by observation of apparent cross section, provided
the ratio between the deposited weld metal and the total cross section of the joint is reasonably constant for the
weld process. This is often the case for manual metal arc welding and for certain MIG/MAG weld processes, but
not for all. It is not the case for submerged arc welding and for other welding processes/power sources which
permit variation of the ratio between deposited weld metal and total cross sections (a high ratio corresponding to a
“cold” process and a low ratio to a “hot” process). Processes where the ratio can be varied significantly necessitate
instruments for control of heat input. These instruments shall be calibrated, verified or validated for all applications
where heat input is an essential variable.
Provisions for specification of welding procedures are laid down in EN ISO 15609-1. Calibration, verification or
validation can be needed for the welding data stated in Table 9 to Table 12.
Table 9 — Weaving for manual arc welding (if applied)
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Maximum width of the run. Instruments used for measuring shall Measuring instruments such as
be calibrated, verified or validated, as vernier callipers, micrometer
appropriate. callipers, etc. are covered by
several EN-, ISO- and national
standards.
This does not conflict with the fact that control of welding is an inherently complex process. Training of welders can be a
lengthy process involving “calibration” of some mental processes in the welder’s brain. Approval testing of the welder can be
said to correspond to a verification of this “calibration”.
Table 10 — Weaving for mechanized welding (if applied)
Designation Need for calibration, verification Instruments and techniques
or validation
Max. weaving or amplitude Instruments used for measuring shall Measuring instruments such as
be calibrated, verified or validated, as vernier callipers, micrometer
appropriate. callipers, etc. are covered by
several EN-, ISO- and national
standards.
Frequency Calibration, verification or validation
not required, provided size
(penetration) and position of weld —
can be determined by non-
destructive testing.
Dwell time of oscillation Calibration, verification or validation
not required, provided size
(penetration) and position of weld —
can be determined by non-
destructive testing.
Torch, electrode and/or Instruments used for measuring shall Measuring instruments such as
wire angle be calibrated, verified or validated, as vernier callipers, micrometer
appropriate. callipers, etc. are covered by
several EN-, ISO- and national
standards.
Table 11 — Electrical variables
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Current (mean) Ammeters shall be validated. See ENV 50184. Mean value of
(rectified) current.
Arc voltage (mean) Voltmeters shall be validated. See ENV 50184. Mean value of
(rectified) tension.
NOTE The signal should be monitored continuously. The sampling time should be sufficient to give a reasonably
stable reading. If tong-tests are used for measurement of current, the difference between mean value and RMS value
measuring instruments should be taken into consideration.
Table 12 — Mechanized welding
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Travel speed Measurements by means of stop- Stopwatches can be validated by
watches and rulers. Appropriate steel comparison with any reasonably
rulers need not to be calibrated, accurate clock or watch.
verified or validated provided the
See also ENV 50184.
rulers are not visibly damaged.
Wire feed speed Measurements by means of Stopwatches can be validated by
stopwatches and rulers. Appropriate comparison with any reasonably
steel rulers need not to be calibrated, accurate clock or watch.
verified or validated provided the
See also ENV 50184.
rulers are not visibly damaged.

6 Metal arc welding without gas protection (group 11)
NOTE The explanation of the reference numbers for the processes are given in EN ISO 4063.
Provisions for specification of welding procedures are specified in EN ISO 15609-1. Calibration, verification or
validation can be needed for the welding data stated in Table 13.
Table 13 — Manual metal arc welding (group 111)
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
The run-out length of Calibration, verification and validation
electrode consumed not required, provided appropriate
—
steel rulers are used and the rulers
are not visibly damaged.
7 Plasma arc welding (group 15)
Provisions for specification of welding procedures are laid down in EN ISO 15609-1. Calibration, verification or
validation can be needed for the welding data stated in Table 14.
Table 14 — Plasma arc welding
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Plasma gas flow rate Validation to an accuracy of Appropriate standards for the
equipment shall be consulted.
± 0,1 l/min.
Plasma gas nozzle The welding operator usually detects Nozzle changed, if required.
diameter wear of the nozzle by changes in the
arc.
Distance electrode/work Distance is usually kept constant by: These instruments shall be
piece validated, usually by ordinary
 arc sensor measuring with AVC
measuring instruments such as
control;
vernier, callipers, micrometer
callipers, etc.
 control by tactile device;
 laser scanner.
8 Resistance welding (groups 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25)
Resistance welding is mainly used for mass production and calibration, verification and validation can then be
omitted, see 4.3.
Production with resistance welding is used in industry by a large number of companies in a controlled process by
simple workshop tests. Measuring of current, force and weld time is used in special cases by the weld-setter or
maintenance experts to check the equipment or the weld conditions.
The measuring equipment is often used without a frequently specific calibration, verification and/or validation. The
trends of measured values are often more important than the absolute values.
When needed for the acceptance of a new or repaired welding equipment, calibrated equipment shall be used, if
agreed, when checking the real properties defined in ISO 669 and given on the name plate of the equipment.
Weld quality depends mainly of the type of material, surface conditions, electrical and mechanical properties of the
weld equipment, the shape and dimension of the component, which shall be welded.
In the case of spot, projection and seam welding shape, dimension, material of the electrodes, weld current,
electrode force and weld time and for seam welding the welding speed are the main control parameters of the
process.
In the case of flash and resistance butt welding weld current, the clamping force and the upset force shall be
observed.
The upset and follow up parameters of the electrodes for spot, projection and seam welding, respectively the upset
speed for flash and resistance butt welding are very important parameters which cannot be adjusted directly at the
equipment.
Provisions for welding procedure specifications are specified in EN ISO 15609-5. Calibration, verification or
validation can be needed for the welding data stated in Table 15 and Table 16.
Table 15 — Resistance welding for overlapped sheets (spot welding (21), seam (22) and projection (23))
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Electrode force Electrode force usually measured by The producer's specified calibration
special electrode force meter which procedure or appropriate standards
shall be calibrated. for the equipment shall be consulted.
Weld current Current meter usually measured by The producer's specified calibration
special weld current which shall be procedure or appropriate standards
calibrated. for the equipment shall be consulted.
Weld time Weld time usually measured by The producer's specified calibration
current meter or directly by e.g. a procedure or appropriate standards
timer. for the equipment shall be consulted.
Seam welding speed Seam welding speed usually The producer's specified calibration
determined from rate of rotation and procedure or appropriate standards
the diameter of the electrode. for the equipment shall be consulted.
Instruments for determination of these
parameters shall be calibrated.
Table 16 — Flash (24) and resistance butt welding (25)
Designation Need for calibration, verification or Instruments and techniques
validation
Damping force / pressure Damping force usually measured by The producer's specified calibration
special force meter / hydraulic procedure or appropriate standard
...