CEN/TR 16376:2012
(Main)Characterization of waste - Overall guidance document for characterization of waste from the extractive industries
Characterization of waste - Overall guidance document for characterization of waste from the extractive industries
This Technical Report gives guidance and recommendations on the application of methods for the characterization of waste from extractive industries , i.e. wastes resulting from the prospecting, extraction, treatment and storage of mineral resources and the working of quarries. The document covers characterization methods for both physical and geochemical properties and also other significant aspects, from planning to interpretation and reporting.
The main purpose of the document is to aid the extractive industry and regulatory agencies in the member states in understanding how to perform waste characterization for planned, active and closed extractive operations.
The document includes a discussion on when and why characterization may be needed and on the contexts within which characterization data may need to be applied. However, it does not cover information on how to apply these characterization results, e.g. for dam design or closure planning. For guidance on how to use characterization results correctly for predictive modelling or design purposes references are made to other sources of information.
The extractive industry covers many different sectors with very different waste categories and characterization may be carried out with many different objectives. For this reason, a guidance document on characterization cannot be prescriptive or provide generally applicable instructions on how waste characterization should be performed in each and every case.
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Leitfaden zur Charakterisierung von Abfällen der mineralgewinnenden Industrie
Caractérisation des déchets - Document guide pour la caractérisation des déchets issus des industries extractives
Karakterizacija odpadkov - Splošno navodilo za karakterizacijo odpadkov iz industrije bogatenja mineralnih surovin
To tehnično poročilo podaja smernice in priporočila v zvezi z uporabo metod za karakterizacijo odpadkov iz industrije bogatenja mineralnih surovin (kot je opredeljeno v členu 2 Direktive 2006/21/ES), tj. odpadkov, ki nastanejo pri raziskovanju, pridobivanju, bogatenju in skladiščenju mineralnih surovin ter pri obratovanju kamnolomov. Dokument vsebuje metodo karakterizacije fizičnih in geokemičnih lastnosti ter tudi druge pomembne vidike, od načrtovanja do interpretacije in poročanja. Glavni namen dokumenta je industriji bogatenja mineralnih surovin in zakonodajnim organom v državah članicah pomagati pri razumevanju, kako naj izvajajo karakterizacijo odpadkov za načrtovane, aktivne in zaključene dejavnosti bogatenja mineralnih surovin. Dokument vsebuje razpravo o tem, kdaj in zakaj je karakterizacija lahko potrebna, ter o kontekstih, v katerih se bodo podatki karakterizacije lahko uporabili. Vendar ne vsebuje informacij o načinu uporabe navedenih rezultatov karakterizacije, npr. pri projektiranju jeza ali načrtovanju zapore. Za napotke o pravilni uporabi rezultatov karakterizacije za napovedno modeliranje ali projektiranje so navedeni sklici na druge vire informacij. Industrija bogatenja mineralnih surovin zajema številne različne sektorje z zelo različnimi kategorijami odpadkov, pri čemer se lahko karakterizacija izvaja s številnimi različnimi cilji. Zato dokument z napotki v zvezi s karakterizacijo ne more predpisovati ali podati splošno uporabnih navodil o pravilnem izvajanju karakterizacije odpadkov v vsakem posameznem primeru.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2013
Karakterizacija odpadkov - Splošno navodilo za karakterizacijo odpadkov iz
industrije bogatenja mineralnih surovin
Characterization of waste - Overall guidance document for characterization of waste from
the extractive industries
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Rahmenrichtlinie zur Charakterisierung von Abfällen der
mineralgewinnenden Industrie
Caractérisation des déchets - Document guide pour la caractérisation des déchets issus
des industries extractives
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 16376:2012
ICS:
13.030.01 Odpadki na splošno Wastes in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 16376
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
October 2012
ICS 13.030.01
English Version
Characterization of waste - Overall guidance document for
characterization of waste from the extractive industries
Caractérisation des déchets - Document guide pour la Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Rahmenrichtlinie zur
caractérisation des déchets issus des industries extractives Charakterisierung von Abfällen der mineralgewinnenden
Industrie
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 24 June 2012. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 292.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 16376:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Principles and procedures . 7
2.1 Definition and role of waste characterization . 7
2.2 The waste characterization process at a glance . 7
2.3 Choice of test methods . 12
2.4 Health and safety . 14
2.5 Applications . 15
2.5.1 Development of waste management plans . 15
2.5.2 Waste facility classification . 15
2.5.3 Inert waste classification . 16
2.5.4 Prediction of discharge water quality . 16
2.5.5 Assessment of closed waste facilities . 17
2.5.6 Planning for monitoring . 18
3 Waste categories, potential environmental impacts and related characterization
methods . 18
3.1 General . 18
3.2 Characterization during the different phases of extractive operations . 18
3.3 Types of waste facilities . 20
3.4 Associated environmental aspects . 21
3.4.1 General . 21
3.4.2 Risk of dam / slope failure . 21
3.4.3 Risk of dusting and siltation . 24
3.4.4 Risk of contaminated drainage . 25
3.4.5 Risk of spontaneous combustion . 26
3.4.6 Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) . 26
4 Supporting information. 27
4.1 General . 27
4.2 Background information . 27
4.3 Geological background of deposit to be exploited . 28
4.3.1 General . 28
4.3.2 Surrounding geology . 28
4.3.3 Nature of deposit . 29
4.3.4 Mineral deposit . 29
4.3.5 Size and geometry . 29
4.3.6 Weathering stage of deposit . 30
4.4 The waste and its intended handling . 31
4.5 Baseline data for the site of disposal . 32
5 Characterization tools . 32
5.1 General . 32
5.2 Sampling . 33
5.3 Mineralogy . 33
5.3.1 General . 33
5.3.2 Analytical methods . 34
5.3.3 Texture . 35
5.4 Physical and hydraulic properties . 36
5.4.1 General . 36
5.4.2 Overview of types of geotechnical investigations . 36
5.4.3 Test methods for physical and hydraulic properties . 36
5.4.4 In situ investigations of physical and hydraulic properties of deposited waste . 37
5.5 Chemical composition . 38
5.5.1 General . 38
5.5.2 Digestion methods for inorganic substances . 38
5.5.3 Analysis of major, minor and trace elements . 38
5.5.4 Chemical speciation . 39
5.5.5 Sulfur (total, sulfate, and sulfide) . 39
5.6 Determination of acid generation potential . 39
5.6.1 General . 39
5.6.2 Paste pH . 39
5.6.3 Acid-base accounting . 39
5.6.4 Kinetic testing . 40
5.7 Leaching behaviour and leaching tests . 41
5.8 Field Investigations . 42
6 Evaluation and interpretation . 42
6.1 General . 42
6.2 Uncertainties – limitations . 43
6.3 Interpretation and evaluation of geotechnical data . 44
6.4 Mineralogy, chemistry, leaching and A/NRD evaluation . 44
6.4.1 General . 44
6.4.2 Mineralogy . 45
6.4.3 Chemistry . 46
6.4.4 Acid-base accounting . 47
6.4.5 Kinetic testing . 49
6.4.6 Leaching . 51
6.5 Field verification . 52
6.6 Water quality predictions . 52
7 Documentation and reporting . 53
Annex A (informative) Terms and definitions . 55
Annex B (informative) Test methods – Geochemical analysis – Applicability of EN and
ISO Standards . 58
B.1 Introduction . 58
B.2 Evaluation of applicability . 58
B.2.1 General .
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