EN 13823:2002

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2002
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Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings
exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten - Thermische Beanspruchung durch
einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme von
Bodenbelägen
Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Produits de construction a
l'exclusion des revetements de sol exposés a une sollicitation thermique provoquée par
un objet isolé en feu
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13823:2002
ICS:
13.220.50 Požarna odpornost Fire-resistance of building
gradbenih materialov in materials and elements
elementov
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13823
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2002
ICS 13.220.50
English version
Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products
excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single
burning item
Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten -
Produits de construction à l'exclusion des revêtements de Thermische Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen
sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée par un brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme
objet isolé en feu von Bodenbelägen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 November 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13823:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
page
1 Scope 5
2 Normative references 6
3 Terms and definitions 6
4 Test facility 7
4.1 General 7
4.2 Test room 7
4.3 Materials 9
4.4 Test apparatus 9
4.5 Smoke exhaust system 11
4.6 General measurement section equipment 11
4.7 Other general equipment 12
5 Test specimen 13
5.1 Dimensions of specimen 13
5.2 Mounting of specimen 13
5.2.1 Mounting as in end use application 13
5.2.2 Standard mounting 13
5.3 Installation of the specimen wings in the trolley 16
5.4 Number of specimens 16
6 Conditioning 16
7 Principle 17
8 Test procedure 17
8.1 General 17
8.2 Testing operations 17
8.3 Visual observation and manual recording of data 18
8.3.1 General 18
8.3.2 Pre-test conditions 18
8.3.3 Lateral flame spread on the long wing 18
8.3.4 Flaming particles or droplets 18
8.3.5 End of test conditions 20
8.3.6 Recorded events 20
8.4 Automated recording of data 20
8.5 Early termination of test 21
9 Expression of results 21
10 Test report 21
Annex A (normative)  Calculation procedures 23
A.1 General 23
A.1.1 General remarks 23
A.1.2 Calculations to be performed on the test data 23
A.1.3 Calculations to be performed on calibration data 24
A.1.4 Standard data set 24
A.2 Synchronization of data 24
A.2.1 O and CO synchronization with T 24
2 2 ms
A.3 Checking equipment response 26
A.3.1 Burner switch response time 26
A.3.2 Temperature readings 28
A.3.3 Drift in gas concentration measurement 28
A.3.4 Drift in light attenuation measurement 28
A.4 Exposure period 29
A.5 Heat output 29
A.5.1 Calculation of heat release rate (HRR)29
A.5.2 Calculation of THR(t) and THR 32
600s
A.5.3 Calculation of FIGRA and FIGRA (fire growth rate indices) 33
0,2MJ 0,4MJ
A.6 Smoke production 34
A.6.1 Calculation of smoke production rate (SPR)34
A.6.2 Calculation of TSP(t) and TSP 36
600s
A.6.3 Calculation of SMOGRA (smoke growth rate index) 37
A.7 Calculations for calibrations 38
A.7.1 Propane heat release 38
Annex B (informative)  Precision of test method 39
B.1 General remarks and results 39
B.2 Calculation of test results 40
B.3 Statistical analysis 40
B.4 Statistical results 40
Annex C (normative)  Calibration procedures 44
C.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment 44
C.1.1 General 44
C.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment 44
C.1.3 Oxygen analyser output noise and drift 44
C.1.4 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment 45
C.1.5 Check of propane mass flow controller 45
C.1.6 Light system calibration 45
C.2 System response calibrations 46
C.2.1 Burner heat output step calibration 46
C.2.2 Heptane calibration 49
C.2.3 Velocity profile factor k 51
t,v
C.2.4 Flow factor k 53
t
Annex D (informative)  Calibration procedures 54
D.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment 54
D.1.1 General 54
D.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment 54
D.1.3 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment 54
D.1.4 Check of propane mass flow controller 54
D.1.5 Optical filter check 55
D.2 Check of the thermal attack on the specimens 56
D.2.1 General 56
D.2.2 Procedure 56
Annex E (normative)  Design drawings 57
Annex F (informative)  Data file format 92
Annex G (informative)  Record sheet 95
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 "Fire
safety in buildings", the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2002, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2003.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements
of EU Directive(s).
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this document: Austria, Belgium, the Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
The classification of the reaction to fire performance of construction products (OJ No.L241
P27-28) defines the different performance classes for building products excluding floorings
and, separately, floorings. The relevant test methods for determining the performance are
being prepared by CEN/TC127.
Safety warning
The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out the tests described in
this standard is drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that toxic and/or
harmful smoke and gases can be produced during the test.
An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety
precautions should be identified and provided. Smoke and gases should be removed from the
workplace. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given
to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety
instructions at all times.
Special precautions are required for the propane gas supply system.

The equipment, for example tubes, couplings, flow meters, should be approved for
propane.

The burner should be equipped with a remote-controlled ignition device, for example a
pilot flame or a glow wire. There should be a warning system for leaking gas and a valve
for immediate and automatic cut-off of the gas supply in case of extinction of the ignition
flame. The pilot flames can be ignited directly by an operator in the test room, however,
no one should be present in the test room during ignition of a burner.

It should be possible to operate the switch between auxiliary and main burner and the
preceding main valve (to open or stop the propane supply) from outside the test room.
Special precautions are required for the extinction of burning specimens.
When the extinction is carried out because of intensive combustion of the specimens, it is
recommended that a second operator is ready to intervene. Means for extinguishing should
be available (e.g. since the heat output during intensive combustion can damage the
apparatus).
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a method of test for determining the reaction to fire
performance of construction products excluding floorings, and excluding products which are
indicated in the EC Decision 2000/147/EC, when exposed to thermal attack by a single
burning item (SBI). The calculation procedures are given in annex A. Information on the
precision of the test method is given in annex B. The calibration procedures are given in
annexes C and D, of which C is a normative annex.
NOTE This European Standard has been developed to determine the reaction to fire performance
of essentially flat products. The treatment of some families of products, e.g. linear products (pipes,
ducts, cables etc) can need special rules.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and
the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or
revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated
in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication
referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 60584-1, Thermocouples – Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 584-1:1995).
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 1:
Classification using test data from reaction to fire tests.
EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products - Conditioning procedures and general
rules for selection of substrates.
EN ISO 13943, Fire safety – Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions in EN ISO 13943 and
EN 13501-1 apply, together with the following.
3.1
backing board
calcium silicate panel used to back the specimen that can be placed directly against a free-
standing test specimen or at a distance from it
3.2
specimen
piece of a product, which is to be tested
NOTE This can include the mounting technique used in its end-use application. This also can
include an air gap and/or a substrate where appropriate.
3.3
substrate
product which is used immediately beneath the product about which information is required
3.4
THR
600s
total heat release from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main burner flames
3.5
LFS
lateral flame spread on the long specimen wing
NOTE The LFS is defined in more detail in 8.3.3.
3.6
TSP
600s
total smoke production from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main burner
flames
3.7
FIGRA
0,2 MJ
maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its
occurrence using a THR-threshold of 0,2 MJ.
NOTE The FIGRA is described in more detail in A.5.3.
0,2 MJ
3.8
FIGRA
0,4 MJ
maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its
occurrence using a THR threshold of 0,4 MJ.
NOTE The FIGRA is described in more detail in A.5.3
0,4 MJ
3.9
SMOGRA
smoke growth rate. The maximum of the quotient of smoke production rate from the specimen
and the time of its occurrence
NOTE The SMOGRA is described in more detail in A.6.3.
3.10
sustained flaming
persistence of flame on or over a surface for a minimum period of time
[EN ISO 13943]
4 Test facility
4.1 General
The SBI test facility shall consist of a test room, the test apparatus (trolley, frame, burners,
hood, collector and ducting), the smoke exhaust system and general measuring equipment.
These components are specified in 4.2 to 4.7. Design drawings are given in annex E.
Dimensions given in the drawings are nominal unless tolerances are given in the text.
NOTE The air supply to the test room entering below the trolley should be fresh, uncontaminated
air.
4.2 Test room
4.2.1 The test room shall have an inner height of (2,4  0,1) m and an inner floor area of
(3,0  0,2) m in both directions. The walls shall be made of stone type building blocks (e.g.
cellular concrete), gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards or other boards classified as
Euroclass A1 or A2.
4.2.2 One wall of the test room shall have an opening to insert the trolley from the
surrounding laboratory into the test room. The opening shall be at least 1 470 mm wide and
2 450 mm high (dimensions of the frame). Windows shall be placed in the two walls facing the
front side of the two perpendicular specimen planes. To be able to handle the SBI apparatus
and the specimen when the trolley is in place, an additional door is needed.
4.2.3 With the trolley in place in the test room, the distance between the long wing
specimen surface touching the U-profile and the wall of the test room shall be (2,1  0,1) m.
This distance shall be measured perpendicularly to the wall facing the long wing. The areas of
the openings in the test room, excluding the air inlet at the bottom of the trolley and the smoke
exhaust opening in the hood, shall not exceed a total of 0,05 m .
4.2.4 Both left-orientated arrangements, as shown in Figure 1, and right-orientated
arrangements (the trolley shown in Figure 1 mirrored around a vertical line) are allowed.
NOTE 1  To be able to remove side plates of the hood without removing the collector, attention should
be paid to the connection between the frame of the SBI apparatus and the ceiling of the room. It should
be possible to move the side plate outwards at the bottom.
NOTE 2  The relative position of the frame in the test room depends on the details of the connection
between room and frame.
3,0 +/- 0,2m
2,1 +/- 0,1m
Key
1 Visual observation
2 Fixed frame
3 Visual observation (left orientated specimen)
4 Trolley (with left orientated specimen)
NOTE Both left orientated and right oriented specimens are acceptable. For right orientated specimens the
figure is mirrored around a vertical line.
Figure 1 — Top view of the SBI test room design (schematic drawing)
3,0 +/- 0,2m
4.3 Materials
Commercial propane, of minimum purity 95 %.
4.4 Test apparatus
(See Figures E.1 to E.35 in annex E)
4.4.1 Trolley, on which two perpendicular specimen parts are placed, with a sandbox
burner at the bottom of the vertical corner. The trolley is put in place with its back side closing
the opening in the wall of the test room; the air inlet under the floor of the trolley is provided
with perforated plates (open area to total area 40 % to 60 %; perforation diameter 8 mm to
12 mm) to produce an evenly distributed flow along the floor of the test room.
4.4.2 Fixed frame, in which the trolley is pushed and which supports the hood; a second
burner is fixed to the frame.
4.4.3 Hood, on top of the frame, which collects the combustion gases.
4.4.4 Collector, on top of the hood with baffles and a horizontal outlet for the exhaust duct.
4.4.5 Exhaust duct (J-shaped), circular tube of inner diameter (315 ± 5) mm, and insulated
with 50 mm high temperature resistant mineral wool, with the following parts (in flow
direction):

connection to the collector;

ducting, of length 500 mm with four thermocouple mountings (for optional
temperature measurements) at a distance of at least 400 mm from the collector;

ducting, of length 1 000 mm;

two 90° bends, (radius of curvature of axis 400 mm);

ducting, of length 1 625 mm with guide vanes and an orifice; guide vane length
630 mm starting 50 mm after the bends; directly behind the guide vanes a
(2,0  0,5) mm thick circular orifice with inner opening diameter 265 mm and an
outer diameter of 314 mm;

ducting, of length 2 155 mm with mountings for pressure-probe, four
thermocouples, gas-sampling probe and white light extinction system; this
section is called the “general measurement section”;

ducting, of length 500 mm;

connection to exhaust.
NOTE Attention should be paid to the fixing of the measuring duct. The total mass excluding
probes etc. is about 250 kg.
4.4.6 Two identical sandbox burners (see Figure E.9), one in the bottom plate of the trolley
(the “main burner”), one fixed to a post of the frame (the “auxiliary burner”), with the following
specifications:
a) Shape: right angled triangle (top view) with two equal sides of 250 mm, height 80 mm,
bottom closed except for a 12,5 mm pipe socket at the gravitational centre, top open. A
right-angled triangular perforated plate shall be positioned in the burner at a height of 10
mm above the bottom. Metal gauze with a maximum mesh size of 2 mm shall be
positioned at heights of 12 mm and 60 mm above the bottom. All dimensions shall be
within ±2 mm.
b) Material: box made of 1,5 mm stainless steel, filled from bottom to top with, successively,
a 10 mm void, a layer of pebbles within a size distribution of 4 mm to 8 mm up to a height
of 60 mm, and a top layer of sand within a size distribution of 2 mm to 4 mm up to a
height of 80 mm. The metal gauze is used to stabilize the two layers and prevent the
pebbles from entering the gas pipe socket. The pebbles and sand used shall be rounded
(river) stones, not broken ones.
c) Position of main burner: mounted in the tray (see Figure E.18) and connected to the U-
profile at the bottom of the specimen position. The top edge of the main burner shall be
at the level of the top edge of the U-profile  2 mm.
d) Position of auxiliary burner: fixed to the post of the frame opposite to the specimen
corner, with the top of the burner at a height of (1 450 ± 5) mm from the floor of the test
room (1 000 mm vertical distance to the hood), its diagonal parallel and nearest to the
hypotenuse of the main burner.
e) The main burner is connected to U-profiles at the long and the short wing specimen
position (see Figure E.18, part 10). In both U-profiles a blanking plate (See Figure E.19)
is placed with its top at the same height as the top of the U-profile and at 0,3 m from the
corner line between the mounted specimen wings (at the border of the burner zone, see
8.3.4).
f) The main burner shall be protected with a tilted triangular grid when previous tests on the
same type of product have led to an early termination to the test due to fallen material on
the sand-bed in accordance with 8.5c). The grid shall have a ratio of open area to total
area of at least 90 %. One side of the grid shall be placed on the hypotenuse of the
burner. The tilt angle is (45 ± 5)° with the horizontal, measured along the line from the
hypotenuse midpoint to the specimen corner.
4.4.7 Shield of rectangular shape, width (370 ± 5) mm, height (550 ± 5) mm, made of
calcium silicate board (specification the same as the backing boards), to protect the
specimens from the heat flux of the flames of the auxiliary burner. It shall be fixed to the
hypotenuse side of the auxiliary burner, centred in the horizontal plane (shielding the total
width of the diagonal plus (8 ± 3) mm at both sides) with the top edge (470 ± 5) mm above the
top level of the auxiliary burner.
4.4.8 Mass flow controller with a range of at least 0 g/s to 2,3 g/s and an accuracy of 1 % of
the reading for the range 0,6 g/s to 2,3 g/s. (See also C.1.5.)
NOTE The propane flow of 2,3 g/s corresponds to a heat release of 107 kW using the effective
lower heat of combustion of propane (46 360 kJ/kg).
4.4.9 Switch, used to supply propane to either of the burners. The switch shall prevent
propane being supplied to both burners at the same time, except during burner switching time
(the short period of time in which the auxiliary burner is decreasing and the main burner is
increasing in output). This burner switch response time, calculated in accordance with A.3.1,
shall be not more than 12 s.
It shall be possible to operate the switch and the preceding main valve from outside the
testing room.
4.4.10 Backing boards, used to back the specimen wings in the trolley. The backing boards
shall be calcium silicate boards with a density of (800 ± 150) kg/m and a thickness of (12 ± 3)
mm. The dimensions of the backing boards shall be:
a) for the short wing: (at least 570 + thickness of the specimen) mm  (1 500 ± 5) mm;
b) for the long wing: (1 000 + air gap ± 5) mm  (1 500 ± 5) mm.
On the short wing, the backing board is wider than the specimen. The additional width shall
extend at one side only. For specimens mounted with an air gap, the width of the backing
board for the long wing should be increased by an amount equal to the size of the air gap.
4.4.11 Removable panel parts, to allow for additional airflow behind both specimen wings
panels 22 and 25 in figure E.20 shall be replaced by half panels, covering only the upper half
of the space covered by panels 22 and 25. Smoke exhaust system
4.5 Smoke exhaust system
4.5.1 Under test conditions, the smoke exhaust shall be capable of continuously extracting
3 3
a volume flow, normalized to 298 K, of 0,50 m /s to 0,65 m /s.
4.5.2 The exhaust duct shall have two side ducts (circular tubes of inner diameter 45 mm)
horizontally perpendicular to and at the height of the longitudinal axis of the exhaust duct (see
Figures E.32 and E.33).
4.5.3 The two possible configurations of the extraction duct are given in Figure E.1. The
trolley opening in the test room is at the topside in the configuration drawings. The orientation
of the duct may deviate from Figure E.1 if proof is provided that this does not change the
airflow over the specimen. Removal of the 180° bend in the extraction duct and replacement
of the bi-directional pressure probe are acceptable, provided that it is proved that the
uncertainty in flow measurement is equal or better.
NOTE 1  Due to changes in heat output, some exhaust systems (especially those provided with local
fans) can need manual or automatic readjustment during tests, to meet the requirement given in 4.5.1.
NOTE 2  The duct should be cleaned at intervals to avoid excessive accumulation of soot.
4.6 General measurement section equipment
(See Figures E.28 to E.35)
4.6.1 Three thermocouples, all of the K-type in accordance with EN 60584-1, diameter 0,5
mm, sheathed and insulated. The position of the tips shall be at a radius of (87  5) mm from
the axis and with 120 mutual angular distance.
4.6.2 Bi-directional probe, connected to a pressure transducer with a range of at least 0 Pa
to 100 Pa, and an accuracy of  2 Pa. The pressure transducer output shall have a 90 %
response time of 1 s or better.
4.6.3 Gas sampling probe, connected to a gas conditioning unit and gas analysers for O
and CO .
a) The O analyser shall be of the paramagnetic type and capable of measuring at least a
range of 16 % to 21 % oxygen (V /V ). The response time of the analyser shall be not
O2 air
more than 12 s (as measured in accordance with C.2.1). The noise and drift of the
analyser shall be not more than 100 ppm over a period of 30 min (both as measured in
accordance with C.1.3). The output from the analyser to the data acquisition system shall
have a resolution of maximum 100 ppm.
b) The CO analyser shall be of the IR type and capable of measuring at least a range of
0 % to 10 % carbon dioxide. The linearity of the analyser shall be 1 % of full scale or
better. The response time of the analyser shall be not more than 12 s (as measured in
accordance with C.2.1). The output from the analyser to the data acquisition system shall
have a resolution of maximum 100 ppm.
4.6.4 Light attenuation system, of the white light type, mounted with a flexible connection to
the side ducts of the exhaust duct, and consisting of the following:
a) Lamp, of the incandescent filament type and operating at a colour temperature of
(2 900  100) K. The lamp shall be supplied with stabilized direct current, stable within 
0,5 % (including temperature, short-term and long-term stability).
b) Lens system, to align the light to a parallel beam with a diameter of at least 20 mm. The
photocell aperture shall be placed at the focus of the lens in front of it and it shall have a
diameter, d, chosen with regard to the focal length of the lens, f, so that d/f is less than
0,04.
c) Detector, with a spectrally distributed responsivity agreeing with the CIE, V()-function
(the CIE photopic curves) to an accuracy of at least  5 %. The detector output shall over
an output range of at least two decades be linear within 3 % of the measured
transmission value or 1 % of the absolute transmission.
For the calibration of the light attenuation system, see C.1.6. The 90 % response time of the
system shall be not more than 3 s.
Air shall be introduced in the side ducts so that the optics stay clean within the given light
attenuation drift requirements (see A.3.4). Pressurized air can be used instead of the self-
suction system proposed in Figure E.34.
4.7 Other general equipment
4.7.1 Thermocouple, of the K-type in accordance with EN 60584-1, diameter (2  1) mm,
installed on the outer wall of the testing room within 0,20 m of the trolley opening and less
than 0,20 m above the floor, for measuring the ambient temperature of the air flow into the
test room.
4.7.2 Equipment for measuring the ambient pressure, having an accuracy of  200 Pa (2
mbar).
4.7.3 Equipment for measuring the relative ambient air humidity, having an accuracy of

5 % within the range 20 % to 80 %.
4.7.4 Data acquisition system (used to record the data automatically) having an accuracy
equal to or better than 100 ppm (0,01 %) for O and CO , 0,5 C for the temperature
2 2
measurements, 0,01 % of full scale instrument output for all other instruments and 0,1 s for
time. The data acquisition system shall record and store the following quantities every 3 s
(information on a data file format is given in annex F):
a) time, in s;
b) mass flow of propane gas through the burner, in mg/s;
c) pressure difference from the bi-directional probe , in Pa;
d) relative light intensity, dimensionless;
e) O concentration, in (V /V ) %;
2 O2 air
f) CO concentration, in (V /V ) %;
2 CO2 air
g) ambient temperature at air inlet at bottom of trolley, in K;
h) three temperatures in general measurement section, in K.
5 Test specimen
5.1 Dimensions of specimen
5.1.1 The corner specimen consists of two wings, designated the short and long wings. The
maximum thickness of a specimen is 200 mm.
Sheet products shall have the following dimensions:
a) short wing: (495 ± 5) mm  (1 500 ± 5) mm,
b) long wing: (1 000 ± 5) mm  (1 500 ± 5) mm.
NOTE If additional products are used to construct the specimen (in accordance with 5.3.2), the
given dimensions refer to the total specimen dimensions.
5.1.2 Specimens with a thickness of more than 200 mm shall be reduced to a thickness of
0
200 mm by cutting away the unexposed surface, unless otherwise specified in the product
10
specification.
5.1.3 Two horizontal lines shall be drawn on the front side of the long wing near the edge of
the specimen farthest from the corner, to allow for observation of lateral flame spread
reaching the edge between a height of (500  3) mm and (1 000  3) mm above the bottom
edge of the specimen. Each line width shall be a maximum of 3 mm.
5.2 Mounting of specimen
5.2.1 Mounting as in end use application
When products are tested, mounted as in their end use application, the test results are valid
only for that application.
5.2.2 Standard mounting
When products are tested using a standard mounting, the test results are valid for that end
use application and can be valid for a wider range of end use applications. The standard
mounting used and its range of validity shall be in accordance with the relevant product
specifications, and the following.
a) Boards that are free standing in their end use application shall be tested free standing at
a distance of at least 80 mm from the backing board. Boards that have in the end use
application a ventilated cavity behind it shall be tested with a cavity of at least 40 mm
width. For these two types of boards the sides of the cavity farthest away from the corner
shall be open, the panels in accordance with 4.4.11 shall be removed and the cavities
behind both specimen wings shall be in open connection. For other types of boards the
sides of the cavity farthest away from the corner shall be closed, the panels in
accordance with 4.4.11 shall be in place and the cavities behind both specimen wings
shall not be in open connection.
b) Boards that are fixed mechanically to a substrate in the end use application shall be
tested fixed to a substrate using appropriate fixings. Fixings that stick out of the specimen
surface shall be placed in such a way that the specimen wing can be placed against the
U-profile at the bottom and against the other specimen wing at its side, over its full
length.
c) Boards that in their end use application are fixed mechanically to a substrate with a cavity
behind it shall be tested with a cavity between substrate and backing board. The distance
between the substrate and the backing board shall be at least 40 mm.
d) Products that in their end use application are glued to a substrate shall be tested glued to
a substrate.
e) Products tested with a horizontal joint shall be tested with a horizontal joint in the long
wing at a height of 500 mm from the bottom edge of the specimen. Products tested with a
vertical joint shall be tested with a vertical joint in the long wing at a distance of 200 mm
from the corner line, measured when the wings are mounted ready for testing.
NOTE The bottom edge of the specimen is not visible when the specimen is installed in the trolley.
The height is measured from the bottom edge of the specimen, not from the top of the U-profile of the
trolley.
f) Multi-layered products with air channels shall be tested with vertical channels.
g) Standard substrates shall meet the requirements of EN 13238. The dimensions of the
substrates shall be in accordance with the dimensions of the specimens (see 5.1.1).
h) Non-flat products shall be tested in such a way that not more than 30 % of a
representative area of 250 mm of the exposed surface area is more than 10 mm behind
the vertical plane through the rear side of the U-profile. Non-flat products may be
reshaped and/or may partly extend over the U-profile to the side of the burner to fulfil this
requirement. A product shall not extend over the burner (i.e. maximum extension over the
U-profile is 40 mm).
NOTE 1  Products are mounted for testing against the rear side of the U-profile (see 5.3.1). A mounted,
totally flat product is therefore positioned in the vertical plane against the rear of the U-profile. Since the
position of the surface influences the heat received from the burner flames, the major parts of a non-flat
product should not be far behind the vertical plane through the rear side of the U-profile.
NOTE 2  Figure 2 is an example of an arrangement of the specimen and backing board.
2 3
Key
1  Backing boards
2  L-Profile
3  Air gap
4  Joints
5  Specimen wings
6  Burner
7  U-profiles
Figure 2 — Example arrangement of specimen and backing boards (schematic
drawing)
5.3 Installation of the specimen wings in the trolley
5.3.1 The specimen wings shall be placed in the trolley as follows.
a) The short wing specimen and backing board are placed on the trolley, with the extending
part of the backing board at the main burner side and the bottom edge of the specimen
against the short U-profile on the trolley floor.
b) The long wing specimen and backing board are placed on the trolley, with the side edge
of the backing board against the extending backing board of the short wing and the
bottom edge of the specimen against the long U-profile on the trolley floor.
c) Both wings shall be clamped at the top and the bottom.
d) To ensure that the corner line of the backing boards does not widen during the test, one
of the following provisions shall be met:
1) metallic L-profile, length 1 500 mm, shall be placed at the back side edge of the long
wing backing board, in the corner with the small wing backing board. Connect the L-
profile to the backing boards using fixings with a mutual distance of 250 mm
maximum; or
2) steel frames shall be placed behind the backing boards.
5.3.2 The exposed edges of the products and the joint in the corner may be protected using
additional products, if this is in accordance with its end use application. When additional
products are used, the width of the wings including the additional product shall be in
accordance with 5.1.1.
5.3.3 After installation of the specimen on the trolley, the following aspects shall be
photographed:
a) A total view of the exposed surface of the long wing. The centre point of the long wing
shall be in the centre of the view. The camera shall be directed perpendicular to the
surface of the long wing.
b) A close-up of the vertical outer edge of the long wing at a height of 500 mm above the
floor of the trolley. The camera angle shall be horizontal and at about 45 to the vertical
plane of the wing.
c) If additional products (in accordance with 5.3.2) are used a close-up of the edges and/or
joints where the products are applied.
5.4 Number of specimens
Three specimens (three sets of long plus short wing) shall be tested in accordance with
clause 8.
6 Conditioning
6.1 The conditioning shall be in accordance with EN 13238 and the requirements of 6.2.
6.2 The parts that compose a specimen may be conditioned separately or fixed together.
However, specimens that are tested glued to a substrate shall be glued before conditioning.
NOTE Reaching constant mass can take longer for specimens that are fixed together.
7 Principle
A test specimen, consisting of two vertical wings forming a right-angled corner, is exposed to
the flames from a burner placed at the bottom of the corner (the “main burner”). The flames
are obtained by combustion of propane gas, injected through a sandbox and give a heat
output of (30,7  2,0) kW.
The performance of the test specimen is evaluated over a period of 20 min. The performance
parameters are: heat production, smoke production, lateral flame spread and falling flaming
droplets and particles.
A short period before ignition of the main burner is used to measure the heat output and the
smoke production of the burner only, using an identical burner away from the specimen (the
“auxiliary burner”).
Some measurements are performed automatically, some are made by visual observation. The
exhaust duct is equipped with sensors to measure the temperature, light attenuation, O and
CO mole fraction and a flow induced pressure difference in the duct. These quantities are
recorded automatically and used to calculate the volume flow, the heat release rate (HRR)
and the smoke production rate (SPR).
Visual observations are made of the horizontal flame spread and falling of flaming droplets
and particles.
8 Test procedure
8.1 General
Perform the steps in 8.2 in sequence, with the measuring equipment operating and the trolley
with the test specimen and the main burner placed in the frame, under the hood. The entire
testing procedure until the end of the test shall be carried out within 2 h of removal of the
specimen from the conditioning environment.
8.2 Testing operations
8.2.1 Set the volume flow of the exhaust, V (t), to (0,60 ± 0,05) m /s [(calculated in
3 3
accordance with A.5.1.1a)]. This volume flow shall be within the range 0,50 m /s to 0,65 m /s
during the total test period.
NOTE Due to changes in heat output, some exhaust systems (especially those provided with local
fans) can need manual or automatic readjustment during the test, to meet the requirement given.
8.2.2 Record the temperatures T , T and T of the thermocouples in the exhaust duct and
1 2 3
the ambient temperature for at least 300 s. The ambient temperature shall be within (20  10)
° °
C, and the temperatures in the duct shall not differ more than 4 C from the ambient
temperature.
8.2.3 Ignite the pilot flames of both burners (if pilot flames are used). Changes in the gas
supply to the pilot flames during the tests shall not exceed 5 mg/s.
8.2.4 Record the pre-test conditions. The data to be recorded are given in 8.3.2.
8.2.5 Start the time measurement with the chronometer and the automatic recording of
data. The time of start is t = 0 s. The data to be recorded are given in 8.4.
8.2.6 At t = (120 ± 5) s: Ignite the auxiliary burner and adjust the propane mass flow m (t)
gas
to (647 ± 10) mg/s. The adjustments shall be made before t = 150 s. The mass flow shall be
within this range during the total test period.
NOTE The time period 210 s < t < 270 s is used to measure the base line for the heat release rate.
8.2.7 At t = (300 ± 5) s: Switch the propane supply from the auxiliary burner to the main
burner. Observe and record the time when the main burner ignites.
8.2.8 Observe the burning behaviour of the specimen for a period of 1 260 s and record the
data on the record sheet. The data to be recorded are given in 8.3.3 and 8.3.4.
NOTE The nominal exposure period of the specimen to the flames of the main burner is 1 260 s.
The performance is evaluated over a period of 1 200 s.
At t  1 560 s:
8.2.9
a) terminate the gas supply to the burner;
b) stop the automatic recording of data.
8.2.10 Record the end of test conditions on the record sheet at least 1 min after any
remaining combustion of the specimen has been totally extinguished. The data to be recorded
are given in 8.3.5.
NOTE The conditions at the end of the test should be recorded without the influence of remaining
combustion. If the specimen is difficult to extinguish, the trolley can need to be removed.
8.3 Visual observation and manual recording of data
8.3.1 General
The quantities mentioned in this clause shall be observed visually and recorded in the format
given. The observer shall be provided with a chronometer equipped with an event logger. The
observations shall be recorded on a record sheet, of which an example is given in annex G.
8.3.2 Pre-test conditions
The following quantities shall be recorded:
a) ambient pressure (Pa);
b) ambient relative humidity (%H O).
8.3.3 Lateral flame spread on the long wing
The lateral flame spread shall be recorded as the occurrence of sustained flames reaching
the far edge of the long wing specimen at any height between 500 mm and 1 000 mm during
the first 1500 s of the test. The determining phenomenon shall be the boundary of the
sustained flaming for a minimum period of 5 s at the surface of the specimen.
NOTE  The lower edge of the specimen is not visible when the specimen is installed in the trolley.
When installed, the specimen height at the top of the U-profile of the trolley is about 20 mm.
8.3.4 Flaming particles or droplets
The fall of flaming droplets or particles shall be recorded only within the first 600 s of the
exposure period and only when the droplets/particles reach the floor level of the trolley (the
level of the lower edge of the specimen) outside the burner zone. The burner zone is defined
as the trolley floor area at the front side of the specimen wings, less than 0,3 m from the
corner line between the specimen wings, as illustrated in Figure 3. The following occurrences
shall be recorded:
a) the fall of a flaming droplet/particle, in the given time interval and area, that remains
flaming for not more than 10 s after falling;
b) the fall of a flaming droplet/particle, in the given time interval and area, that remains
flaming for more than 10 s after falling.
A quarter circle drawn on the floor of the trolley is needed to mark the boundary of the burner
zone. The line width shall be less than 3 mm.
NOTE 1  Flaming parts of the specimen touching the floor of the trolley outside the burner zone are to
be regarded as fallen particles although the part concerned can still be an integral part of the specimen
(e.g. bending of a weakened product).
NOTE 2 To prevent molten material from flowing from inside to outside the burner zone, a blanking
plate is placed in both long and short wing U-profiles on the border of the burner zone (see 4.4.6).
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1  Blanking plates in U-profile
2  Burner zone border
3  Burner
Figure 3 — The burner zone
8.3.5 End of test conditions
The following quantities shall be recorded:
a) light transmission at the “general measuring section” in the exhaust duct (%);
b) O mole fraction at the “general measuring section” in the exhaust duct;
c) CO mole fraction at the “general measuring section” in the exhaust duct.
8.3.6 Recorded events
The following events shall be recorded:
a) occurrence of a surface flash;
b) smoke from the specimen not entering the hood during the test, but flowing out of the
trolley into the surrounding testing room;
c) falling of parts of the specimen;
d) development of a gap in the corner (failure of mutual fixing of backing boards);
e) occurrence of one or more of the conditions which justify an early termination of the test
in accordance with 8.5;
f) occurrence of distortion or collapse of the specimen;
g) all additional events that may be of importance to the correct interpretation of the test
results or to the field of application of the product.
8.4 Automated recording of data
8.4.1 The quantities given in 8.4.2 to 8.4.9 shall be measured and recorded automatically
every 3 s during the period specified in 8.2 and shall be stored for further processing.
8.4.2 Time (t), in s; at the start of recording of data, t = 0 by definition.
8.4.3 Mass flow rate of propane gas to the burner (m ) in mg/s.
gas
8.4.4 Pressure difference between the two chambers of the bi-directional probe ( p), at the
general measuring section in the exhaust duct, in Pa.
8.4.5 Signal from the light receiver (I), of the white light system at the general measuring
section in the exhaust duct, in %.
8.4.6 O mole fraction in exhaust flow (xO ), sampled at the gas sampling probe in the
2 2
general measuring section in the exhaust duct.
NOTE The oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations are measured only in the exhaust duct; both
concentrations are assumed to be constant in th
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