prEN ISO 3691-1

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2025
Vozila za talni transport - Varnostne zahteve in preverjanje - 1. del: Vozila za talni
transport z lastnim pogonom, razen vozil brez voznika, vozil s spremenljivim
dosegom in tovornih vozičkov (ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025)
Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Self-propelled industrial
trucks, other than driverless trucks, variable-reach trucks and burden-carrier trucks
(ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025)
Flurförderzeuge - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Verifizierung - Teil 1:
Motorkraftbetriebene Flurförderzeuge mit Ausnahme von fahrerlosen Flurförderzeugen,
Staplern mit veränderlicher Reichweite und Lastentransportfahrzeugen (ISO/DIS 3691-
1:2025)
Chariots de manutention - Exigences de sécurité et vérification - Partie 1: Chariots de
manutention automoteurs, autres que les chariots sans conducteur, les chariots à portée
variable et les chariots transporteurs de charges (ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 3691-1
ICS:
53.060 Industrijski tovornjaki Industrial trucks
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 3691-1
ISO/TC 110/SC 2
Industrial trucks — Safety
Secretariat: SIS
requirements and verification —
Voting begins on:
Part 1: 2025-06-09
Self-propelled industrial trucks,
Voting terminates on:
2025-09-01
other than driverless trucks,
variable-reach trucks and burden-
carrier trucks
Chariots de manutention — Exigences de sécurité et
vérification —
Partie 1: Chariots de manutention automoteurs, autres que les
chariots sans conducteur, les chariots à portée variable et les
chariots transporteurs de charges
ICS: 53.060
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Reference number
ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
DRAFT
ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 3691-1
ISO/TC 110/SC 2
Industrial trucks — Safety
Secretariat: SIS
requirements and verification —
Voting begins on:
Part 1:
Self-propelled industrial trucks,
Voting terminates on:
other than driverless trucks,
variable-reach trucks and burden-
carrier trucks
Chariots de manutention — Exigences de sécurité et
vérification —
Partie 1: Chariots de manutention automoteurs, autres que les
chariots sans conducteur, les chariots à portée variable et les
chariots transporteurs de charges
ICS: 53.060
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
© ISO 2025
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
ii
ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 4
3.1 Truck type .4
3.2 Operator and operator position .5
3.3 Truck operation .5
4 Safety requirements and/or protective / risk reduction measures . 6
4.1 General .6
4.1.1 Overall requirements .6
4.1.2 Normal climatic conditions .6
4.1.3 Normal operating conditions .7
4.1.4 Safety requirements for the electrical/electronic system .7
4.1.5 Edges or angles .7
4.1.6 Protection from burning .7
4.1.7 Stored energy components.7
4.1.8 Storage of instruction handbook .7
4.1.9 Special equipment .7
4.2 Starting/moving .8
4.2.1 Unauthorized starting .8
4.2.2 Unintended movement .8
4.2.3 Travel speed .8
4.2.4 Parts exceeding the plan view outline of the truck .11
4.3 Brakes . 12
4.3.1 General . 12
4.3.2 Failure of energy supply to service brake . 12
4.3.3 Parking brake systems. 12
4.4 Manual controls . 13
4.4.1 General . 13
4.4.2 Travel and braking controls .14
4.4.3 Steering controls .17
4.4.4 Load handling controls .18
4.4.5 Multi-function controls.19
4.4.6 Controls for automated functions .19
4.4.7 Marking . .19
4.5 Power systems and accessories . .19
4.5.1 Exhaust systems .19
4.5.2 Fuel tank .19
4.5.3 Access to engine and other compartments . 20
4.5.4 Gas-powered trucks. 20
4.6 Systems for lifting and tilting . 25
4.6.1 Lift chains . 25
4.6.2 Lift Chain Termination . 25
4.6.3 Lifting and lowering systems . 26
4.6.4 Lifting and tilting systems. 26
4.6.5 Hydraulic systems .27
4.6.6 Load handling and stacking attachments .27
4.7 Operator positions . 30
4.7.1 Dimensions . 30
4.7.2 Operator access and egress .31
4.7.3 Operator platforms .32
4.7.4 Operator's seat . 33
4.7.5 Protection from wheels and objects thrown up by the wheels . 34
4.7.6 Protection against crushing, shearing and trapping . 36

iii
ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
4.7.7 Operator restraint .37
4.7.8 Additional operator positions . 38
4.7.9 Front-seated operator ergonomic support . 38
4.8 Stability . 38
4.8.1 General . 38
4.8.2 Specific operating conditions . 38
4.8.3 Levelling indicator for rough-terrain trucks . 39
4.9 Protective devices . 39
4.9.1 Protection against falling objects . 39
4.9.2 Load backrest extension . 39
4.9.3 Warning device . 39
4.9.4 Wheels for pneumatic tyres . 40
4.9.5 Traction battery compartment . 40
4.9.6 Battery-restraint devices .41
4.9.7 Starter battery requirements .41
4.9.8 Handling of batteries .41
4.9.9 Automatic battery charging .41
4.10 Visibility and lighting .41
4.10.1 Visibility .41
4.10.2 Lighting .41
4.11 Environmental conditions . .42
4.11.1 Operator's cabin .42
4.11.2 Window glass .42
4.11.3 Wipers and washers .42
4.11.4 Noise emissions .42
4.11.5 Vibration .43
4.11.6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) .43
4.11.7 Radiation .43
4.11.8 Transport .43
4.12 Devices for towing .43
5 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures .44
5.1 General . 44
5.2 Structural tests . 44
5.3 Functional verification . 44
5.4 Verification of service brake in the event of energy supply failure . 44
5.5 Verification of steering system failure .45
5.6 Verification of lifting lowering system.45
5.6.1 Fast lifting/lowering: stability and strength – normal operation .45
5.6.2 Verification of lowering speed in the event of a failure . 46
5.6.3 Fast lifting/lowering: stability and strength – system failure . 46
6 Information for use . 47
6.1 General .47
6.2 Instruction handbook(s) .47
6.2.1 Truck .47
6.2.2 Attachment . 48
6.2.3 Operation of truck with or without attachment . 48
6.2.4 Details for battery-powered trucks . 49
6.2.5 Details for internal-combustion-engine powered trucks . 50
6.2.6 Service and maintenance . 50
6.2.7 Transportation, commissioning, storage and recommissioning after storage .51
6.2.8 Truck modification .51
6.3 Marking .51
6.3.1 Information plates .51
6.3.2 Information plate for trucks operating in special conditions . 53
6.3.3 Other information . 53
6.3.4 Languages . 53
6.3.5 Operator restraint . 53

iv
ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
Annex A (normative) Determination of driving direction and rated capacity .54
Annex B (informative) List of significant hazards .58
Annex C (informative) Verification recommendations .64
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered .77
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered .81
Bibliography .85

v
ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent
rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of
patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee SC 2,
Safety of powered industrial trucks, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 150, Industrial trucks - Safety, in accordance with the Agreement on technical
cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3691-1:2011), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— Travel speed and acceleration limit requirements have been revised and/or added
— Travel control and actuator requirements have been modified
— Lifting system requirements include allowance for higher lowering speeds
— Additional requirements for compressed natural gas (CNG) trucks
— Requirements for new types of enclosures on stand-on end-controlled trucks
— Additional general guarding requirements
— Additional operator instructions required for attachments
— The requirements for tow tractors have been removed from this document. They will be included in the
next revision of ISO 3691-6.
— Numerous minor editorial changes throughout the standard
A list of all parts in the ISO 3691 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

vi
DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification —
Part 1:
Self-propelled industrial trucks, other than driverless trucks,
variable-reach trucks and burden-carrier trucks
1 Scope
This document specifies safety requirements and the means for their verification for the following types of
self-propelled industrial trucks (hereafter referred to as "trucks") as defined in ISO 5053-1:2020:
a) counterbalance lift trucks;
b) reach trucks with retractable mast or retractable fork arm carriage;
c) straddle trucks;
d) pallet-stacking trucks;
e) high-lift platform trucks;
f) side-loading trucks (one side only);
g) lateral-stacking trucks (both sides);
h) lateral- and front-stacking trucks (three sides);
i) pallet trucks;
j) multi-directional lift trucks;
kk) rough-terrain trucks;
l) counterbalance container handlers;
m) articulated counterbalance lift trucks;
n) order-picking trucks;
o) double-stackers.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 3691-3:2016/Amd 1:2023 for:
— Trucks with an elevating operator position of more than 1 200 mm from ground level,
— Trucks without an elevating operator position that are designed to travel with an elevated load more
than 1 200 mm from ground level,
— Trucks with an elevating operator position not exceeding 1 200 mm from ground level that are equipped
with an additional load lifting device having a maximum lift height exceeding 1 800 mm from ground level.
NOTE 1 ISO 3691-3 does not apply to counterbalance fork lift trucks or trucks intended for container handling.

ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
Basic requirements for attachments are given in the appropriate clauses.
NOTE 3 For the purposes of this document, fork arms, load-carrying platforms and integrated attachments are
considered to be parts of the truck. Attachments mounted on the load carrier or on the fork arms which are removable
by the user are not considered to be part of the truck.
This document does not apply to self-propelled variable-reach trucks, rough-terrain variable-reach trucks,
driverless trucks, towing tractors, or burden carriers, which are covered in ISO 3691-2:2023, ISO 10896
series, ISO 3691-4:2023 and ISO 3691-6:2021, respectively. This document does not apply to lorry mounted
trucks, which are covered by ISO 20297-1:2017.
This document is applicable to all classifications of internal combustion and electric trucks according to
ISO 5053-1:2020, B.2. However, it does not establish requirements for hazards related to:
— Hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen fuel,
— Permanent connections with electrical mains supply.
This document does not apply to trucks operating in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, freezer
applications, hazardous environments), where special precautions can be necessary.
Regional requirements, additional to the requirements given in this part of ISO 3691, are addressed in PrEN
16307-1:2025 for trucks to be placed on the market within the European Community (EC) and European
Economic Area (EEA), and ISO/TS 3691-8:2019 for other regions. The requirements are defined by the
combination of this document and the relevant regional requirements.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, as listed in
Annex B, with the exception of the following, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and
under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur:
— during construction,
— when handling suspended loads that can swing freely,
— when using trucks on public roads,
— when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres,
— when using trucks in very narrow aisles with clearance of less than 500 mm to the racks,
— due to overload while operating,
— from contact or creation of an arc with live overhead power lines,
— for controls for operation from outside the truck other than travelling
— due to radiation emissions from the truck.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60529:1989+A1:1999, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
ISO 2328:2011, Fork-lift trucks — Hook-on type fork arms and fork arm carriages — Mounting dimensions
ISO 2330:2002, Fork-lift trucks — Fork arms — Technical characteristics and testing
ISO 2867:2011, Earth-moving machinery — Access systems

ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
ISO 3287:1999, Powered industrial trucks — Symbols for operator controls and other displays
ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space
envelope
ISO 3691-5:2014+A1:2020, Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 5: Pedestrian-
propelled trucks
ISO 3795:1989, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination of
burning behaviour of interior materials
ISO 5053-1:2020, Industrial trucks — Vocabulary — Part 1: Types of industrial trucks
ISO 5053-2:2019, Industrial trucks — Vocabulary — Part 2: Fork arms and attachments
ISO 5053-3:2024, Industrial trucks — Vocabulary — Part 3: Accessories and components
ISO 6055:2023, Industrial trucks — Overhead guards — Specification and testing
ISO 6292:2020, Powered industrial trucks and tractors — Brake performance and component strength
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13284:2022, Industrial trucks — Fork arm extensions and telescopic fork arms — Technical characteristics
and strength requirements
ISO 13849-1:2023, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design
ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed
and movable guards
ISO 15870:2000, Powered industrial trucks — Safety signs and hazard pictorials — General principles
ISO 15871:2019, Industrial trucks — Specifications for indicator lights for container handling and grappler arm
operations
ISO 21281:2005, Construction and layout of pedals of self-propelled sit-down rider-controlled industrial trucks
— Rules for the construction and layout of pedals
ISO 22915-1:2024, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 1: General
ISO 22915-2:2018, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 2: Counterbalanced trucks with mast
ISO 22915-3:2021, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 3: Reach and straddle trucks
ISO 22915-4:2018, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 4: Pallet stackers, double stackers and
order-picking trucks with operator position elevating up to and including 1 200 mm lift height
ISO 22915-5:2020, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 5: Single-side-loading trucks
ISO 22915-7:2016, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 7: Bidirectional and multidirectional trucks
ISO 22915-8:2018, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 8: Additional stability test for trucks
operating in the special condition of stacking with mast tilted forward and load elevated
ISO 22915-9:2014, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 9: Counterbalanced trucks with mast
handling freight containers of 6 m (20 ft) length and longer
ISO 22915-10:2023, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 10: Additional stability test for trucks
operating in the special condition of stacking with load laterally displaced by powered devices
ISO 22915-13:2012, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 13: Rough-terrain trucks with mast

ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
ISO 22915-15:2020, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 15: Counterbalanced trucks with
articulated steering
ISO 22915-20:2023, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 20: Additional stability test for trucks
operating in the special condition of offset load, offset by utilization
ISO 22915-22:2014, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 22: Lateral- and front-stacking trucks
with and without elevating operator position
ISO 24134:2006, Industrial trucks — Additional requirements for automated functions on trucks
ISO 24135-1:2006, Industrial trucks — Specifications and test methods for operator restraint systems — Part 1:
Lap-type seat belts
EN 17314:2020, Industrial trucks - Specifications and test methods - Operator restraint systems other than lap-
type seat belts
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5053-1:2020, ISO 5053-2:2019,
ISO 5053-3-2024 as commented and ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Truck type
3.1.1
centre-controlled truck
self-propelled industrial truck with the normal operating position located near the longitudinal centre of the truck.
3.1.2
end-controlled truck
self-propelled industrial truck with the normal operating position located at the end opposite the load
handling device.
3.1.3
low-lift truck
truck having a lift height of 500 mm or less
3.1.4
pedestrian-controlled truck
truck designed to be controlled by an operator walking with the truck by means of, for example, a tiller
Note 1 to entry: The truck can be equipped with a stand-on option, for example a foldable operator platform.
3.1.5
rider-controlled truck
truck designed to be controlled by an operator sitting on a seat or standing on an operator platform on the truck
3.1.6
self-propelled industrial truck
operator controlled, wheeled vehicle having at least three wheels with a powered driving mechanism, except
for those running on rails, designed to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier loads
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 5053-1:2020 for a comprehensive terminology.

ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
3.1.7
stand-on truck
rider-controlled truck designed to be controlled by an operator standing on an operator platform on the truck
Note 1 to entry: for the purpose of this document stand-on trucks with an auxiliary seat for the operator are considered
as stand-on trucks.
Note 2 to entry: auxiliary seats are features designed to support the body of the operator for ergonomic reasons.
3.2 Operator and operator position
3.2.1
normal operating position
position from which the operator controls functions for driving and/or load handling, as specified by the
manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: Additional operating positions can be specified by the manufacturer. A rotating seat or stand-on end-
controlled truck with more than one operating direction is considered as being or having a single normal operating
position.
3.2.2
operator
designated person, appropriately trained and authorized, who is responsible for the driving and load
handling of the truck
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the truck type, the operator can be riding on the truck, on foot accompanying the truck
(e.g. tiller-, cable-controlled) or remote from the truck (e.g. remote radio-controlled).
Note 2 to entry: National regulations regarding training, authorization and licensing can apply.
Note 3 to entry: Operator can also be responsible for other operations, for example pre-shift check, re-fueling.
3.3 Truck operation
3.3.1
actual capacity
maximum load, expressed in kilograms, established by the manufacturer based on component strength and
truck stability, that a truck can carry, lift and stack to a specified height, at a specified load centre distance
and reach, if applicable, in normal operation
Note 1 to entry: The actual capacity depends on the configuration of the truck, including variables such as the type
and lift height of the mast fitted, the actual load centre and any attachments that might be fitted. This actual capacity
defines the load handling ability of the particular truck, as equipped. Additional actual capacity ratings with removable
attachments can also be established where permitted by the appropriate stability tests or by calculation verified by
empirical data.
3.3.2
lift height
vertical distance between the upper face of the fork arm blade, load-carrying platform or an elevating
operator platform and the ground
Note 1 to entry: When trucks are equipped with an attachment(s) in place of fork arms, the lift height is measured
between the ground and the underside of the attachment.
3.3.3
lift height for travelling
lifting height providing sufficient ground clearance for travelling not exceeding the maximum lift height for
stability tests simulating travel

ISO/DIS 3691-1:2025(en)
3.3.4
lost load centre
horizontal shift in the standard load centre that can occur when removable attachments are added to a truck
Note 1 to entry: For standard load centre, see Annex A.
3.3.5
operating pressure
pressure at which a fluid system i
...