FprEN ISO 14982-1

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2021
Kmetijski in gozdarski stroji - Elektromagnetna združljivost - Metode preskušanja
in merila sprejemljivosti - 1. del: Splošne zahteve glede EMC (ISO/DIS 14982-
1:2021)
Agricultural and forestry machinery - Electromagnetic compatibility - Test methods and
acceptance criteria - Part 1: General EMC requirements (ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021)
Land- und forstwirtschaftliche Maschinen - Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit - Teil
1::EMV Prüfverfahren und Bewertungskriterien (ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021)
Machines agricoles et forestières - Compatibilité électromagnétique - Partie 1: Exigences
CEM générales (ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 14982-1
ICS:
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
65.060.01 Kmetijski stroji in oprema na Agricultural machines and
splošno equipment in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 14982-1
ISO/TC 23/SC 2 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2021-05-07 2021-07-30
Agricultural and forestry machinery — Electromagnetic
compatibility —
Part 1:
General EMC requirements
ICS: 33.100.01; 65.060.01
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2021

ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021(E)
7.6 Antenna po larity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.7 Test site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.8 Results of mea surement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.9 ESA operational state . 20
7.10 Multiple ESA’s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7.11 Average detector reference limits. 20
7.12 Quasi-peak detector reference limits . 21
8 Specifications for the immunity of ESA’s to electromagnetic radiation . 22
8.1 Test method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.2 ESA immunity reference limits . 22
9 Specifications for the immunity to electrostatic discharge (ESD) . 23
9.1 Method of testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
9.2 Reference limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
10 Specifications for conducted transient emissions from ESA’s . 24
10.1 Genera l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
10.2 Method of testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
10.3 Reference limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
11 Specifications for the immunity of ESA’s to conducted electrical transients . 24
11.1 Method of testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
11.2 Reference limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
12 Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
13 Test report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Annex A (informative) Guidance for selecting test specimen configuration and additional
considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
A.1 Genera l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
A.2 Justificat ion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
A.3 Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements
of Directive 2014/30/EU [2014 OJ L96] aimed to be covered. 29
Annex ZZ (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements
of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 30
Bibliogra phy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
© ISO 2021
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
7.6 Antenna polarity . 20
7.7 Test site. 20
7.8 Results of measurement . 20
7.9 ESA operational state . 20
7.10 Multiple ESA’s. 20
7.11 Average detector reference limits. 20
7.12 Quasi-peak detector reference limits . 21
8 Specifications for the immunity of ESA’s to electromagnetic radiation . 22
8.1 Test method . 22
8.2 ESA immunity reference limits . 22
9 Specifications for the immunity to electrostatic discharge (ESD) . 23
9.1 Method of testing . 23
9.2 Reference limits . 24
10 Specifications for conducted transient emissions from ESA’s . 24
10.1 General . 24
10.2 Method of testing . 24
10.3 Reference limits . 24
11 Specifications for the immunity of ESA’s to conducted electrical transients . 24
11.1 Method of testing . 24
11.2 Reference limits . 25
12 Exceptions . 26
13 Test report . 26
Annex A (informative) Guidance for selecting test specimen configuration and additional
considerations . 27
A.1 General . 27
A.2 Justification. 27
A.3 Requirements. 28
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements
of Directive 2014/30/EU [2014 OJ L96] aimed to be covered. 29
Annex ZZ (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements
of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 30
Bibliography . 31
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights
identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent
declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute
an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
ISO 14982 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and
forestry, Subcommittee SC 2, Working Group 10.
This first edition of ISO 14982-1:2021, together with ISO 14982-2:2021, cancels and replaces ISO 14982:1998,
of which it constitutes a technical revision and contains the following changes:
¾ the provisions have been brought up to date with technological change;
¾ normative references have been updated to latest editions
ISO 14982 consists of the following parts, under the general title Agricultural and forestry machinery —
Electromagnetic compatibility — Test methods and acceptance criteria:
¾ Part 1: General EMC requirements under typical EMC environmental conditions
¾ Part 2: Additional EMC requirements for Functional Safety
A list of all parts in the ISO 14982 series can be found on the ISO website.
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ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
Introduction
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machine safety:
¾ machine manufacturers;
¾ health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machine safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-
mentioned stakeholder groups:
¾ machine users/employers;
¾ machine users/employees (trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
¾ service providers, e.g. for maintenance;
¾ consumers (in case of machines intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process
of this document.
The machine concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations, or hazardous events are
indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
In recent years, an increasing number of electronic devices for controlling, monitoring and displaying a variety
of functions have been introduced into machine designs. It is necessary to consider the electrical and
electromagnetic environment in which these devices operate.
Electrical and radio-frequency disturbances occur during normal operation of many items of machines. They
are generated over a wide frequency range with various electrical characteristics and can be distributed to on-
board electronic devices and systems by conduction, radiation, or both. Narrowband signals generated from
sources on or off the machine can also be coupled into the electrical or electronic system, affecting the normal
performance of electronic devices. Such sources of narrowband electromagnetic disturbances include mobile
radios and broadcast transmitters.
Electrostatic discharges are relevant to the machine because control elements can be positioned where
potential differences could emerge at contact points. Conducted transients in power supply wiring must be
considered because the machine can contain open systems, in which several devices or components can be
combined to complement machine functionality.
While there are many existing standards for a variety of products and systems, the test method presented by
ISO 14982:2021 provides for the specific test conditions of the machine within its scope as well as the
electrical/electronic sub-assemblies (ESA) or ESA separate from the machine. The test method recognizes that
due to their size and usage, the arrangement of the machines in the test facility needs to be representative of
their typical operating characteristics. This document provides test methods and criteria which are acceptable
for the machine types it covers, considering their unique characteristics and operating parameters.
Because the machinery has several systems that may consist of components that may be used on a variety of
different machine types, the approach of defining "electrical/electronic sub-assemblies” or separate technical
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
units" for these components can be applied for the immunity and emissions test methods. This allows these
components to be evaluated by comparable (or alternative) test methods in existing laboratory facilities
consisting of specially equipped shielded rooms. When electrical/electronic sub-assembly tests are performed,
it is necessary to consider any additional effects imparted by the wiring systems used to connect the sub-
assemblies to the machine. The tests can also be conducted on the machinery.
Annex A provides guidance for selecting and configuring test specimens.
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ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
Agricultural and forestry machinery — Electromagnetic
compatibility — Part 1: General EMC requirements
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the test methods and acceptance criteria for evaluating the
electromagnetic compatibility of tractors, and all kinds of mobile (including hand-held or battery powered)
agricultural and forestry machines, landscaping and gardening machines [referred to hereafter as machine(s)]
as supplied by the machine manufacturer. It is applicable to machines and electrical/electronic sub-assemblies
(ESA's) which are manufactured after the date of publication of this International Standard.
This Part specifies general EMC requirements under typical EMC environmental conditions. ISO 14982-
2:2021 deals with EMC requirements specifically related to functional safety.
Electrical/electronic components or sub-assemblies intended for fitting in machines are also within the scope
of this standard, except regarding immunity for those parts whose functions are not involved in the direct
control and modification of the state of the functions of the machine. The following electromagnetic
phenomena are to be evaluated:
¾ radiated electromagnetic emissions;
¾ electromagnetic field immunity;
¾ electrostatic discharge;
¾ conducted transients.
This International Standard is not applicable to machines directly supplied with current from public electrical
mains. Exceptions to machines or electrical/electronic systems or ESA's that may not require testing in
accordance with this International Standard are given in clause 12.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CISPR 12 Ed. 6.1 b:2009, Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines — Radio disturbance characteristics
— Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of off-board receivers
CISPR 16-1-1 Ed. 5.0 b:2019, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods —
Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus — Measuring apparatus
CISPR 16-1-4 Ed. 4.1 b:2020, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods —
Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus — Antennas and test sites for radiated
disturbance measurements
CISPR 16-2-3 Ed. 4.1 b:2019, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods — Part 2-3: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity — Radiated disturbance
measurements
CISPR 25 Ed. 4.0 b:2016, Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines – Radio disturbance characteristics
– Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
ISO 7637-1: 2015, Road vehicles — Electrical disturbance by conduction and coupling — Part 1: Definitions and
general considerations
ISO 7637-2: 2011, Road vehicles — Electrical disturbance by conduction and coupling — Part 2: Electrical
transient conduction along supply lines only
ISO 10605: 2008, Road vehicles — Electrical disturbance from electrostatic discharge
ISO 11451-1: 2015, Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy —
Vehicle test methods — Part 1: General and definitions
ISO 11451-2: 2015, Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy —
Vehicle test methods — Part 2: Off-vehicle radiation source (Revision of ISO 11451-2:2005)
ISO 11452-1:2015, Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy —
Component test methods — Part 1: General and definitions
ISO 11452-2: 2019, Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy —
Component test methods — Part 2: Absorber-lined chamber
ISO 11452-4: 2011, Road vehicles — Component test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband
radiated electromagnetic energy — Part 4: Harness excitation methods
ISO 11452-5: 2002, Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy —
Component test methods — Part 5: Stripline
ISO 16750-2:2012, Road vehicles — Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic
equipment, Part 2: Electrical loads
SAE ARP 958.1, Electromagnetic Interference Measurement Antennas; Standard Calibration Method
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
¾ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp;
¾ IEC Electropedia: available at http/www.electropedia.org
3.1
absorber-lined shielded enclosure
shielded enclosure/screened room with radio-frequency-absorbing material on its internal ceiling and walls
3.2
amplitude modulation
AM
modulation in which the amplitude of a periodic carrier is a given function generally linear, of the
instantaneous values of the modulating signal.
Note 1 to entry: Sine wave amplitude modulated (AM) by 1 kHz sine wave at 80 % (modulation index m = 0,8)
3.3
artificial network
AN
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ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
network inserted in the supply lead or signal/load lead of apparatus to be tested which provides, in a
given frequency range, a specified load impedance for the measurement of disturbance voltages and
which can isolate the apparatus from the supply or signal sources/loads in that frequency range.
Note 1 to entry: This network is inserted in the DC power lines of the vehicle in charging mode and provides, in a given
frequency range, a specified load impedance and which isolates the vehicle from the DC power supply in that frequency
range.
3.4
average detector
A detector, the output voltage of which is the average value of the envelope of an applied
signal.
Note 1 to entry: The average value must be taken over a specified time interval.
[Source: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-04-26]
3.5
broadband emission
an emission which has a bandwidth greater than that of a particular measuring apparatus or receiver
3.6
bulk current
total amount of common mode current in a harness
3.7
conducted transients
transient voltage or current distributed in the power supply wiring of a machine or component or separate
technical unit via a conductor between the source of the transient and the drain
3.8
degradation (of performance)
undesired departure in the operational performance of any device, equipment, or system from its intended
performance
Note 1 to entry: The term “degradation” also applies to temporary or permanent failure.
[Source: IEC 60050-161]
3.9
electrical/electronic sub-assembly
ESA
electrical and/or electronic component or set of components intended to be part of a machine, together with
any associated electrical connections and wiring, which performs one or more specialised functions.
3.10
electrical/electronic system
electrical and/or electronic component or set of components intended to be part of a machine, together with
any associated electrical connections.
3.11
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
ability of equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without
introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbance to anything in that environment.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-161]
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
3.12
electromagnetic disturbance
any electromagnetic phenomenon which may degrade the performance of a machine or component or separate
technical unit.
Note 1 to entry: An electromagnetic disturbance may be an electromagnetic noise, an unwanted signal or a change in the
propagation medium itself.
3.13
electromagnetic environment
totality of electromagnetic phenomena existing at a given location.
3.14
electromagnetic immunity
ability of a machine or component or separate technical unit to perform in the presence of specified
electromagnetic disturbances without degradation of performance.
3.15
electrostatic discharge
ESD
transfer of electric charge between bodies of different electrostatic potential in proximity or through direct
contact.
3.16
ESA type
ESA which does not differ in such essential respects as:
¾ the function performed by the ESA;
¾ the arrangement of the electrical and/or electronic components, if applicable;
¾ the primary material of the casing.
3.17
immunity related functions
functions related to operator control, and to the direct control or operation of the machine by affecting
visibility, or which, when disturbed, cause confusion to the operator or others nearby or to machine statutory
data, and functions related to machine data bus functionality.
Examples of immunity related functions may include, but are not limited to:
¾ unexpected machine movement;
¾ changes in engine speed, wheel speed or wheel angle;
¾ driving lights, windscreen wipers, demisting systems, direction indicators, stop lamps, marker lamps,
rear position lamp, emergency light bars;
¾ wrong information from warning indicators, lamps, or displays related to the functions of operator
control;
¾ acoustical disturbances from incorrect operation of anti-theft alarms, horns, reverse movement
alarm;
¾ functions which can affect machine statutory data such as hour meters and odometers;
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ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
¾ machine data bus functions which can block data transmission on machine data bus system used to
transmit data related to the correct functioning of other immunity related functions;
¾ unexpected activation of safety restraint systems;
¾ unexpected movement of driver’s seat or steering wheel position.
3.18
machine type
machines which do not differ in such essential respects as:
¾ the structural shape;
¾ the general arrangement of the electrical and/or electronic components and the general wiring
arrangement;
¾ the primary material of which the design of the machine consists (for example a steel, aluminium or
fibreglass covering parts).
3.19
narrowband emission
an emission which has a bandwidth less than that of a particular measuring apparatus or receiver
[Source: IEC 60050-161:1990]
3.20
non-immunity related functions
functions which are not related to direct operator control or operation of the machine
Examples of non-immunity related functions may include, but are not limited to:
¾ entertainment devices;
¾ air conditioning system;
¾ fuel gauge.
3.21
peak detector
A detector, the output voltage of which is the peak value of an applied signal.
[Source: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-04-24]
3.22
pulse modulation type 1
Pulse modulation similar to GSM, with t = 577 µs and a period = 4600 µs
on
3.23
pulse modulation type 2
Pulse modulation similar to radar, with t = 3 µs and a period = 3333 µs
on
3.24
quasi-peak detector
A detector having specified electrical time constants which, when regularly repeated identical
pulses are applied to it, delivers an output voltage which is a fraction of the peak value of the
pulses, the fraction increasing towards unity as the pulse repetition rate is increased�
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
[Source: IEC 60050-161:1990, 161-04-24]
3.25
reference limit
limit value with which the production has to conform
4 Requirements
4.1 Fulfilment of requirements
The requirements of this International Standard shall be met by a machine (and its electrical/electronic
installation or its ESA’s) operating in accordance with its final purpose. According to the choice of the machine
manufacturer, the following alternatives are possible to demonstrate conformity with this International
Standard.
If the entire machine is not tested, then the use of options b) and c) shall require a combination of the testing
described, and sufficient analysis of the combined machine(s) and ESA(s) to ensure proper performance to this
standard when combined.
a) The requirements of this International Standard are deemed to be fulfilled for a complete machine when
the requirements identified in clauses 5, 6, and 9 as applicable, are fulfilled. If the machine manufacturer
has chosen this alternative, no routine tests of the electrical/electronic systems or ESA's are required.
b) The requirements of this International Standard are deemed to be fulfilled if it is confirmed by the machine
manufacturer that all electrical/electronic systems or ESA's fulfil the requirements identified in clauses 7,
8, 9, 10, and 11 and has been installed taking into account the recommended requirements of the ESA
manufacturer and risk assessment by the system integrator.
c) The requirements of this International Standard are deemed to be fulfilled for a machine meeting the
requirements of clauses 5, 6, 9, and in which an electrical / electronic system, ESA, tractor/towed
implement, or other types of implement combinations, which also complies with clauses 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11
and has been installed taking into account the recommended requirements of the ESA manufacturer and
risk assessment by the system integrator.
d) The requirements of this International Standard are also deemed to be fulfilled when the machine has no
such equipment for which an immunity or interference test is required. In this case no tests are necessary
(see exceptions in clause 12).
4.2 Test Specimen
The test specimen may be of an ESA type or machine type as specified in 3.16 and 3.19.
For a subsequent test on a similarly configured machine or ESA, conformity to the reference limits shall be
accepted as fulfilment of the requirements of this document.
For electrostatic discharge and conducted transients, the reference limits are valid for all testing of any test
specimen.
Additional guidance for test specimen selection and configuration can be found in Annex A of this document.
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ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
5 Specifications for radiated electromagnetic emissions from machines
5.1 Test method
The test is intended to measure the radiated electromagnetic emissions generated by electrical or electronic
systems fitted to machines, tractors, headers, attachments and trailed machines.
EMC performance of headers, attachments and trailed machines (that are only operated by using a carrier
machine) can be affected by the carrier machine and thus can be tested independently. The attachments shall
be brought into a specified operating state by an auxiliary device which replaces the carrier machine during
the test.
The carrier machine operations can be simulated for the header, attachment, or trailed machine to function,
and remove the interference a carrier machine can provide.
If not otherwise stated, the test shall be performed as specified in CISPR 12.
5.2 Determination of conformance of machine with limits
In all cases the machine shall conform to the average and quasi-peak limit classifying procedure as specified in
Figure 1.
The flow-chart is applicable for each individual frequency, only frequencies that are above applicable test limits
need to be remeasured using the average or quasi-peak detector.
Signal transmissions above test limits of the carrier radio frequency range of intended transmitters installed
on the machine are to be excluded from the assessment if it can be confirmed the emission is wanted or
intended.
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
Start
“Key-On, Engine-Off” “Engine-Running mode”
operating conditions operating conditions
Measurement with peak Measurement with peak
detector detector
Yes Yes
Is the peak data below
Is the peak data below
the average limit? the quasi-peak limit?
No No
Measurement with Measurement with
average detector
quasi-peak detector
Yes Yes
Is the average data
Is the quasi-peak data
below the average limit?
below quasi-peak limit?
Pass for “Key-On, Pass for “Engine
No No
Engine Off” Running mode”
Fail Pass Fail
Figure 1 — Method of determination of conformance
5.3 Measuring equipment
The measuring equipment shall comply with the requirements of CISPR 16-1-1. Either manual or automatic
frequency scanning may be used.
The maximum scan rate shall comply with the requirements of CISPR 16-2-3.
5.4 Antenna type
Any linearly polarized antenna may be used provided it can be normalised to the reference antenna and meets
the requirements for complex antennas as specified in CISPR 16-1-4.
The method given in CISPR 12, Annex C may be used to calibrate the antenna.
5.5 Test site
The test site shall be a clear, level area free of electromagnetic reflecting surfaces within a circle of minimum
radius 30,0 m measured from a point midway between the machine and the antenna.
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ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
Testing shall not be performed while rain or other precipitation is falling on the machine or within 10 minutes
after such precipitation has stopped.
The measuring set, test hut or machine in which the measurement set is located may be within the test site, but
only in the permitted region shown in Figure 2. Other measuring antennas are allowed within the test area, at
a minimum distance of 10,0 m both from receiving antenna and the machine under test, provided that it can
be shown that the test results will not be affected.
Dimensions in meters
Key
1 machine
2 centre of clear area midway between the antenna and machine
3 antenna
4 permitted region for measuring set (in hut or vehicle)
R radius
Figure 2 — Measuring site
5.6 Absorber lined shielded enclosure (ALSE) requirements
Absorber lined shielded enclosures may be used if correlation can be shown between the enclosed test facility
and an outdoor test site.
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
If the test is carried out in a facility enclosed for radio frequency electromagnetic screening purposes, the
antenna's receiving elements shall be no closer than 1,0 m to any radio- absorbent material and no closer than
1,5 m to the wall of the enclosed facility. There shall be no absorbent material between the receiving antenna
and machine under test.
5.7 Distance of measurement
The test may be performed with the reference antenna located at either 3,0 m or 10,0 m from the device under
test.
No part of any antenna’s receiving elements shall be closer than 0,25 m to the plane on which the machine
rests.
5.7.1 3-meter test
The phase centre of the antenna shall be 1,8 m± 0,05 m above the plane on which the machine rests.
The horizontal distance from the reference point of the antenna to the outer body surface of the machine shall
be 3,0 m± 0,05 m.
Multiple antenna positions may be required if the length of the machine or device under test is greater than
the 3 dB beam width of the antenna. The same positions shall be used for both horizontal and vertical antenna
polarizations.
5.7.2 10-meter test
The phase centre of the antenna shall be 3,0 m± 0,05 m above the plane on which the machine rests.
The horizontal distance from the reference point of the antenna to the outer body surface of the machine shall
be 10,0 m± 0,2 m.
5.8 Antenna location relative to the machine
Measurements shall be taken on the left and right side of the machine or device under test.
The determination of the antenna reference points shall be machine-specific and related to the maximum
concentration of emissions by location of electronic equipment on the machine and shall be noted in the test
report.
At each of the measuring points, readings shall be taken with the antenna in the horizontal and vertical
polarities as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Dimensions in metres
10 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
Key
1 machine under test
2 machine specific determined reference point(s)
NOTE Dimensions in brackets for 3m antenna distance testing.
Figure 3 — Horizontal antenna polarity relative to maximum concentration of emissions
Dimensions in metres
10,0 ± 0,2 10,0 ± 0,2
(3,0 ± 0,05) (3,0 ± 0,05)
3,0 ± 0,05
(1,8 ± 0,05)
Key
1 machine under test
NOTE Dimensions in brackets for 3m antenna distance testing.
Figure 4 — Vertical antenna polarity relative to maximum concentration of emissions
ISO/DIS 14982-1:2021 (E)
5.9 Results of measurements
The results of measurement shall be expressed in dB(µV/m) for a 120 kHz bandwidth.
5.10 Readings
The maximum of the readings shall be taken as the characteristic reading at the frequency at which the
measurements were made.
In the event that the limit is exceeded during the test, investigations shall be made to ensure that this is due to
the machine and not to background radiation.
Measurements can be performed with either peak, average, or quasi-peak detectors.
5.11 Ambient measurements
To ensure that there is no extraneous noise or signal of a magnitude sufficient to affect materially the
measurement, measurements shall be taken before and after the test. If the machine is present when ambient
measurements are taken, steps shall be taken to ensure that any emissions from the machine do not affect the
ambient measurements significantly, for example by removing the machine from the test area, removing the
ignition key, or disconnecting the battery. For both measurements, the extraneous noise or signal shall be at
least 6 dB below the test limits (except for intentional narrowband ambient transmissions).
The manufacturer/tester shall ensure that machine telematics devices are not communicating when the
ignition key has been removed or the battery has been disconnected. The device can be removed from the test
area if it cannot be isolated by removing the key or disconnecting the machine battery.
5.12 Average detector machine test state (Key-On, Engine-Off)
A description of the operating states of the EUT with all the functions to be tested and activated shall be
specified in the test plan.
¾ The ignition switch shall be switched on;
¾ The engine shall not be operating;
¾ The machine’s electronic/electrical system(s) shall be operating during the measurement;
¾ Systems which generate only broadband emissions may be disabled.
5.13 Average detector reference limits
Measurements shall be made over the whole frequency range from 30 MHz to 6000 MHz as shown in Figure
5 and Figure 6.
For measurements made using a machine-to-antenna spacing of (10,0 ± 0,2) m, the emissions reference limit
shall be:
¾ 28 dBμV/m in the 30 MHz to 230 MHz frequency band;
¾ 35 dBμV/m in the 230 MHz to 1000 MHz frequency band, and;
¾ 46 dBμV/m in the 1000 MHz to 2500 MHz frequency band, and;
¾ 50 dBμV/m in the 2
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