EN 1870-16:2005+A1:2009

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2009
Varnost lesnoobdelovalnih strojev - Krožne žage - 16. del: Dvojne zajeralne žage
za V-rezanje
Safety of woodworking machines - Circular sawing machines - Part 16: Double mitre
sawing machines for V-cutting
Sicherheit von Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen - Kreissägemaschinen - Teil 16:
Klinkschnittkreissägemaschinen
Sécurité des machines pour le travail du bois - Machines à scier circulaires - Partie 16:
Tronçonneuses doubles à coupe en V
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1870-16:2005+A1:2009
ICS:
25.080.60 Strojne žage Sawing machines
79.120.10 Lesnoobdelovalni stroji Woodworking machines
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 1870-16:2005+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2009
ICS 79.120.10 Supersedes EN 1870-16:2005
English Version
Safety of woodworking machines - Circular sawing machines -
Part 16: Double mitre sawing machines for V-cutting
Sécurité des machines pour le travail du bois - Machines à Sicherheit von Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen -
scier circulaires - Partie 16: Tronçonneuses doubles à Kreissägemaschinen - Teil 16:
coupe en V Klinkschnittkreissägemaschinen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 February 2005 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 20 August 2009.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1870-16:2005+A1:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .6
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .8
3 Terms and definitions . 10
3.1 General . 10
3.2 Terms . 10
3.3 Definitions . 12
4 List of significant hazards . 15
5 Safety requirements and/or measures . 18
5.1 General . 18
5.2 Controls . 19
5.2.1 Safety and reliability of control systems . 19
5.2.2 Position of controls . 22
5.2.3 Starting . 24
5.2.4 Normal stopping . 24
5.2.5 Emergency stop . 26
5.2.6 Mode selection . 26
5.2.7 Failure of the power supply . 26
5.2.8 Failure of the control circuits . 26
5.3 Protection against mechanical hazards . 27
5.3.1 Stability . 27
5.3.2 Hazards of break-up during operation . 27
5.3.3 Tool holder and tool design . 28
5.3.4 Braking . 29
5.3.5 Devices to minimise the possibility or the effect of ejection . 30
5.3.6 Workpiece supports and guides . 31
5.3.7 Prevention of access to moving parts . 31
5.3.8 Workpiece clamping devices . 36
5.4 Protection against non-mechanical hazards . 37
5.4.1 Fire . 37
5.4.2 Noise . 37
5.4.3 Emission of chips, dust and gases . 38
5.4.4 Electricity . 39
5.4.5 Ergonomics and handling . 39
5.4.6 Pneumatics . 40
5.4.7 Electromagnetic compatibility . 40
5.4.8 Errors of fitting . 40
5.4.9 Supply disconnection (Isolation) . 40
5.4.10 Maintenance . 41
6 Information for use . 41
6.1 General . 41
6.2 Marking . 41
6.3 Instruction handbook . 42
Annex A (normative) Saw spindle dimensional tolerances . 46
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37 . 48
Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC" . 51
Bibliography . 55

Foreword
This document (EN 1870-16:2005+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 142
“Woodworking machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-08-20.
This document supersedes EN 1870-16:2005.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags!"͘
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of !Machinery Directives".
!For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this
document."
!EN 1870 Safety of woodworking machines — Circular sawing machines consists of the following parts:
Part 1: Circular saw benches (with and without sliding table), dimension saws and building site saws
Part 3: Down cutting cross-cut saws and dual purpose down cutting cross-cut saws/circular saw benches
Part 4: Multi-blade rip sawing machines with manual loading and/or unloading
Part 5: Circular saw -benches/up-cutting cross-cut sawing machines
Part 6: Circular sawing machines for firewood and dual purpose circular sawing machines for firewood/circular
saw benches, with manual loading and/or unloading
Part 7: Single blade log sawing machines with integrated feed table and manual loading and/or unloading
Part 8: Single blade edging circular rip sawing machines with power driven saw unit and manual loading
and/or unloading
Part 9: Double blade circular sawing machines for cross-cutting with integrated feed and with manual loading
and/or unloading
Part 10: Single blade automatic and semi-automatic up-cutting cross-cut sawing machines
Part 11: Semi-automatic and automatic horizontal cross-cut sawing machines with one saw unit (radial arm
saws)
Part 12: Pendulum cross-cut sawing machines
Part 13: Horizontal beam panel sawing machines
Part 14: Vertical panel sawing machines
Part 15: Multi-blade cross-cut sawing machines with integrated feed of the workpiece and manual loading
and/or unloading
Part 16: Double mitre sawing machines for V-cutting
Part 17: Manual horizontal cutting cross-cut sawing machines with one saw unit (manual radial arm saws)"
Organisations contributing to the preparation of this document include European Committee of Woodworking
Machinery Manufacturers Association "EUMABOIS".
The documents produced by CEN/TC 142 are particular to woodworking machines and complement the
relevant A and B standards on the subject of general safety (see introduction of EN ISO 12100-1:2003 for a
description of A, B and C standards).
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Introduction
This document has been prepared to be a harmonised standard to provide one means of conforming to the
essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1:2003.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this C type standard take precedence over the provisions of other standards, for machines that
have been designed and built in accordance with the requirements of the provisions of this type C standard.
The requirements of this document are directed to manufacturers and their authorised representatives of
double mitre sawing machines for V-cutting. They are also useful for designers.
This document also includes information to be provided by the manufacturer to the user.
Common requirements for tooling are given in EN 847-1:2005.
1 Scope
This document !specifies all" significant hazards, hazardous situations and events which are relevant to
double mitre sawing machines for V-cutting with a maximum cutting capacity (width and height) of ≤ 200 mm,
fitted or not with pneumatic systems, hereinafter referred to as the machine, designed to cut solid wood,
chipboard, fibreboard or plywood and also these materials where they are covered with plastic laminate or
edgings, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see
Clause 4).
The requirements of this document apply to stationary and displaceable double mitre saw for V-cutting (see
3.3.3 and 3.3.4).
This document does not apply to transportable mitre saws or any adaptation permitting their use in a different
mode, i.e. bench mounting.
NOTE 1 Transportable motor-operated electric single blade mitre saws are covered by the requirements of
EN 61029-1:1996 and EN 61029-2-9:2002.
This document is not applicable to double mitre sawing machines for V-cutting fitted with hydraulic system.
This document is not applicable to double mitre sawing machines for V-cutting which are manufactured before
the date of publication of this document by CEN.
NOTE 2 Machines covered by this document are listed under A.1.4 of Annex IV of the Machinery Directive.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
!deleted text"
EN 574:1996, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects — Principles for design
!EN 614-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general
principles"
EN 847-1:2005, Tools for woodworking — Safety requirements — Part 1: Milling tools, circular saw blades
!EN 894-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 894-2:1997, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators — Part 2: Displays
EN 894-3:2000, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators — Part 3: Control actuators"
!deleted text"
EN 983:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Pneumatics
!EN 1005-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 1: Terms and definitions
EN 1005-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling of
machinery and component parts of machinery
EN 1005-3:2002, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended force limits
for machinery operation
EN 1005-4:2005, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 4: Evaluation of working
postures and movements in relation to machinery
EN 1037:1995, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up"
EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design
and selection
EN 1760-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protective devices — Part 1: General principles
for the design and testing of pressure sensitive mats and pressure sensitive floors
EN 1760-2:2001, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protection devices — Part 2: General principles
for the design and testing of pressure sensitive edges and pressure sensitive bars
EN 50178:1997, Electronic equipment for use in power installations
!EN 50370-1:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Product family standard for machine-tools —
Part 1: Emission
EN 50370-2:2003, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Product family standard for machine-tools —
Part 2: Immunity"
!EN 60204-1:2006", Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General
requirements !(IEC 60204-1:2005, modified)"
!EN 60439-1:1999, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies — Part 1: Type-tested and partially
type-tested assemblies (IEC 60439-1:1999)"
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989)
!EN 60947-4-1:2001", Low voltage switchgear and control gear — Part 4-1: Contactors and motor
starters — Electromechanical contactors and motor starters !(IEC 60947-4-1:2000)"
EN 60947-5-1:2004, Low voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching
elements — Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1:2003)
!EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for
visual, auditory and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007)"
EN 61496-1:2004, Safety of machinery — Electro−sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2004, modified)
!CLC/TS 61496-2:2006", Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — !Part 2:
Particular requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs)
(IEC 61496-2:2006)"
EN 61508-3:2001, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems —
Part 3: Software requirements (IEC 61508-3:1998 + Corrigendum:1999)
!EN 62061:2005", Safety of machinery — functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and
programmable electronic control systems !(IEC 62061:2005)"
EN ISO 3743-1:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources — Engineering
methods for small, movable sources in reverberant fields — Part 1: Comparison method for hard-walled test
rooms (ISO 3743-1:1994)
EN ISO 3743-2:1996, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
pressure — Engineering methods for small, movable sources in reverberant fields — Part 2: Methods for
special reverberation test rooms (ISO 3743-2:1994)
EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure
— Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994)
EN ISO 3745:2003, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure
— Precision methods for anechoic and semi-anechoic rooms (ISO 3745:2003)
EN ISO 3746:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure
— Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3746:1995)
EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 9614-1:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound
intensity — Part 1: Measurement at discrete points (ISO 9614-1:1993)
EN ISO 11202:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission
sound pressure levels at the work station and at other specified positions — Survey method in situ
(ISO 11202:1995)
EN ISO 11204:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Method requiring environmental
corrections (ISO 11204:1995)
EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 11688-2:2000, Acoustics — Recommenced practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design (ISO TR 11688-2:1998)
EN ISO 12100-1:2003 Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
EN ISO 12100-2:2003 Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2:
Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)
!deleted text"
!EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)"
!EN ISO 13849-2:2008", Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2:
Validation (ISO 13849-2:2003)
!EN ISO 13850:2006, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design
(ISO 13850:2006)"
!EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)"
ISO 7960, Airborne noise emitted by machine tools — Operating conditions for woodworking machines
!HD 21.1 S4:2002, Cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V and having thermoplastic
insulation — Part 1: General requirements"
!HD 22.1 S4:2002, Cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V and having cross-linked
insulation — Part 1: General requirements"
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 General
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following
apply.
3.2 Terms
The main parts of vertical and horizontal double mitre sawing machines for V-cutting and their terminology are
illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
Key
1 Enclosure
2 Saw unit
3 Machine table
4 Fence
5 Workpiece clamping devices
6 Controls
Figure 1 — Terminology of a vertical double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting
Key
1 Enclosure
2 Saw unit
3 Machine table
4 Fence
5 Workpiece clamping devices
6 Controls
Figure 2 — Terminology of a horizontal double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting
3.3 Definitions
3.3.1
cross-cutting
operation of cutting across the grain of a wooden workpiece
3.3.2
double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting
machine designed to make special cross-cuts for e.g. picture frames, furniture, doors or furnishings. The
machine is fitted with one saw unit or two saw units (dual stroke machine). The saw unit consists of one or two
saw blades whose spindles are situated above (vertical double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting, see
Figure 1) or behind the workpiece (horizontal double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting, see Figure 2) when
the saw blades are in their rest positions. The angle between the saw spindle axes can be either fixed
(normally 45°) or adjustable from 0° to 45° with respect to the centre line of the machine. The saw blades
move into or through the workpiece in vertical or horizontal direction during the cut to produce a V-cut in one
cycle. The feed of the saw unit can be manual or integrated feed
3.3.2.1
manual double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting
machine where the saw unit is fed by hand and the workpiece is manually positioned for V-cutting
NOTE This type of machine is not covered by Annex IV of the Machinery Directive.
3.3.2.2
dual stroke double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting
machine fitted with two saw units which are situated in their rest position above (dual stroke vertical double
mitre sawing machine for V-cutting) or behind the workpiece (dual stroke horizontal double mitre sawing
machine for V-cutting). Each of the saw units can be moved independently. The workpiece is manually
positioned for V-cutting
NOTE This type of machine is not covered by Annex IV of the Machinery Directive.
3.3.2.3
semi-automatic double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting
machine where the saw unit has an integrated feed which is initiated manually and the workpiece is positioned
manually for V-cutting
NOTE This type of machine is covered by Annex IV of the Machinery Directive.
3.3.2.4
automatic double mitre sawing machine for V-cutting
machine where the saw unit has an integrated feed. The workpiece may be manually loaded and/or unloaded
and is automatically positioned for V-cutting to pre-selected lengths
NOTE This type of machine is covered by Annex IV of the Machinery Directive if the workpiece is manually loaded
and/or unloaded.
3.3.3
stationary machine
machine designed to be located on or fixed to the floor or other parts of the structure of the premises and to
be stationary during use
3.3.4
displaceable machine
machine which is located on the floor, stationary during use and equipped with a device, e.g. wheels, which
allows it to be moved between locations
3.3.5
hand feed
manual holding and/or guiding of the workpiece and/or of the saw unit
3.3.6
integrated feed
feed mechanism for the workpiece or tool which is integrated with the machine and where the workpiece or
machine element with incorporated tool are held and controlled mechanically during the machining operation
3.3.7
manual loading of power fed machines
operation where the workpiece is presented by the operator directly to the machine integrated feed, e.g.
rotating feed rollers, travelling table or reciprocating carriage; i.e. for which there is no intermediate loading
device to receive and transfer the workpiece from the operator to the integrated feed
3.3.8
manual unloading of power fed machines
operation where the workpiece is removed by the operator directly from the machine out feed; i.e. for which
there is no intermediate unloading device to receive and transfer the workpiece from the machine out feed to
the operator
3.3.9
cutting area of the saw blades
area of the saw blades where they can be involved in the cutting process
3.3.10
non-cutting area of the saw blades
area of the saw blades where they are not involved in the cutting process
3.3.11
ejection
uncontrolled movement of the workpiece or parts of it or part of the machine from the machine during
processing
3.3.12
run-down time
time elapsed from the actuation of the stop control device up to spindle standstill
3.3.13
machine actuator
power mechanism used to effect motion of the machine
3.3.14
safety PLC
programmable logic controller dedicated to safety related application
3.3.15
safety related electrical control system (SRECS)
electrical part of a control system whose failure can result in a hazard (!3.4 of EN 62061:2005)"
3.3.16
embedded software
software that is part of the system supplied by the manufacturer and is not accessible for modification by the
end user
NOTE 1 Embedded software is also referred to as firmware or system software see !3.2.47 of EN 62061:2005".
NOTE 2 Manufacturer means manufacturer of the system.
Example The operating system of a speed monitoring device.
3.3.17
application software
software specific to the application specifically implemented for the SRECS. In general it contains logic
sequences, limits and expressions that control the appropriate outputs, decisions necessary to meet SRECS
functional requirements (see !3.2.46 of EN 62061:2005")
Example The PLC program to run a machine.
3.3.18
safety related part of a control system (SRP(CS))
part or subpart(s) of a control system that responds to input signals and generates safety-related output
signals
NOTE The combined safety-related parts of a control system start at the point where the safety-related signals are
initiated (including e.g. the actuating cam and the roller of the position switch) and end at the output of the power control
elements (including e.g. the main contacts of the contactor). This also includes monitoring systems. (3.1.1 of
!EN ISO 13849-1:2008").
3.3.19
!information from the supplier"
statements, sales literature, leaflets or other documents where the manufacturer (or supplier) declares either
the characteristics or the compliance of the material or product to a relevant standard
4 List of significant hazards
This contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events (see EN 1050:1996), as far as they
are dealt with in this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for the machines as defined in the
scope and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
This document deals with these significant hazards by defining safety requirements and/or measures or by
reference to relevant standards.
These hazards are listed in Table 1 in accordance with Annex A of EN 1050:1996.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards
Relevant
No Hazards EN ISO 12100 clause of
this
document
Part 1: Part 2:
2003 2003
1 Mechanical hazards due to:
- machine parts or workpieces, e.g.: 4.2, 4.2.1, 5.3.3,
4.2.2, 5
4.10 5.3.6,
a) shape;
5.3.8,
Annex A
b) relative location; 5.3.3,
5.3.5,
5.3.6,
5.3.7,5.3.8
c) mass and stability (potential energy of 5.3.7
elements which may move under the

effect of gravity);
d) mass and velocity (kinetic energy of 5.3.7, 5.3.8
elements in controlled or uncontrolled

motion);
e) !deleted text" mechanical 5.3.1,
strength. 5.3.2,
5.3.3, 5.3.6
- accumulation of energy inside the 4.2 4.10, 5.3.7
5.5.4
machinery !deleted text":
f) elastic elements (springs);
g) gases under pressure;  5.3.7, 5.3.8
1.1 Crushing hazard 4.2.1 5.3.7,
5.3.8
1.2 Shearing hazard 5.3.7
1.3 Cutting or severing hazard 5.3.7
5.3.3,
1.4 Entanglement hazard
5.3.7
1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard 5.3.7
5.3.7
1.6 Impact hazard
1.9 High pressure air ejection hazard 5.4.6
to be continued
Table 1 — List of significant hazards (continued)
Relevant
No Hazards EN ISO 12100 clause of
this
Standard
Part 1: Part 2:
2003 2003
2 Electrical hazards due to:
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct 4.3 4.9, 5.4.4,
contact) 5.5.4
5.4.4,
2.2 Contact of persons with parts which 4.3 4.9
have become live under faulty conditions
(indirect contact)
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting
in:
4.2.2, 5 5.4.2
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other 4.5
physiological disorders (e.g. loss of
balance, loss of awareness)
4.2 Interference with speech communication,  5.4.2
acoustic signals !deleted text"
7 Hazards generated by materials and

substances (and their constituent
elements) processed or used by the
machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation 4.8 4.3b, 5.4.3
of harmful dusts 4.4
7.2 Fire hazard 4.8 4.4 5.4.1
8 Hazards generated by neglecting
ergonomic principles in machinery
design !deleted text":
4.7, 5.2.2,
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 4.9
4.8.2, 5.4.5, 6.3
4.11.2,
5.5.5,
5.5.6
8.2 !deleted text" hand-arm or foot-leg 4.9 4.8.3 5.2.2,
anatomy 5.4.5, 6.3
4.8.7,
8.7 !deleted text" design, location or 4.9 5.2.2,
identification of manual controls 4.11.8 5.2.3
10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected
overrun/overspeed (or any similar
malfunction) from:
4.11, 5.2.1,
10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system
5.5.4 5.2.3,
5.2.4,
5.2.5,
5.2.6
10.2 Uncontrolled Restoration of energy 4.11.4 5.2.7,
supply after an interruption 5.4.6
to be continued
Table 1 — List of significant hazards (concluded)
Relevant
No Hazards EN ISO 12100 clause of
this
document
Part 1: Part 2:
2003 2003
4.11.11 5.4.4,
10.3 External influences on electrical
equipment 5.4.7
10.4 Errors in the software 4.11.7 5.2.1.2
10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to 4.9 4.8, 5.4.5,
mismatch of machinery with human 4.11.8, 5.4.10, 6.3
characteristics and abilities, see 8.6) 4.11.10,
5.5.2, 6
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine 4.11.1, 5.2.4,
in the best possible conditions 4.11.3, 5.2.5,
5.5.2 5.3.4
13 Failure of the power supply 4.11,
5.2.7
4.11.4
14 Failure of the control circuit 4.11, 5.2.8
5.5.4
15 Errors of fitting 4.9 4.7, 6.5 5.4.8, 6.2
16 Break-up during operation 4.2.2 4.3 5.3.2,
5.3.3.2,
5.3.3.4
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 4.3,
4.2.2 5.3.3,
4.10 5.3.5
18 Loss of stability / overturning of 4.2.2 5.2.6 5.3.1
machinery
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
The machine shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5. In addition,
the machine shall be designed in accordance with the requirements of the principles of EN ISO 12100-1:2003
for hazards relevant but not significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g. sharp edges of the
machine frame).
For guidance in connection with risk reduction by design, see Clause 4 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003, and for
safeguarding measures, see Clause 5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003.
5.2 Controls
5.2.1 Safety and reliability of control systems
5.2.1.1 General
For the purpose of this document safety related part of a control system means the system from the initial
actuator or position detector to the point of input to the final actuator or element e.g. motor. Safety related
parts of the control system of this machine are those concerning the following functions and shall fulfil the
requirements of the categories given below in accordance with the requirements of
!EN ISO 13849-1:2008" !deleted text":
 starting: category 1 or 3 (see 5.2.3);
 normal stopping: category 1 or 3 (see 5.2.4);
 emergency stop: category 1 or 3 (see 5.2.5);
 interlocking: category 1 or 3 (see 5.2.3, 5.3.7);
 interlocking with guard locking: category 1 or 3 (see 5.3.7);
 prevention of access by mechanically actuated trip device (trip bar): category 1 or 3 (see 5.3.7);
 control by two hand control device: category 1 or 3 (see 5.3.7);
 prevention of access by pressure sensitive mats: category 1 or 3 (see 5.3.7);
 prevention of access by active opto-electronic protective device (light barrier): category 1 or 3 (see 5.3.7);
 mode selection: category 1 or 3 (see 5.2.6);
 initiation of braking: category 1 or 3 (see 5.2.4, 5.2.5, 5.3.4);
 powered workpiece clamping: category 1 (see 5.3.8.2).
Where more than one category is given further information about the necessary type is specified in the quoted
clauses.
Any combination of safety related parts of control systems of different categories which achieve at least the
same level of fault resistance is acceptable in accordance with the requirements of 6.3 of
!EN ISO 13849-1:2008".
Where category 2 is requested categories 3 and 4 also fulfil the requirement, where category 3 is requested
category 4 also fulfils the requirement. Where category B or 1 is requested categories 2, 3 and 4 also fulfil the
requirement.
NOTE For combination of safety-related parts to the same or different categories see 6.3 of
!EN ISO 13849-1:2008" !deleted text".
For all components exposed to environmental conditions, e.g. dust, fumes and/or gases, these conditions
shall be taken into account.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and inspection of the machine.
5.2.1.2 Use of well tried components
In particular the requirements of the following relevant standards shall be applied when considering safety
related parts to be well-tried in accordance with the requirements of !6.2.4" of
!EN ISO 13849-1:2008":
a) electrical components if they comply with relevant standards including the following:
i) EN 60947-5-1:2004 (Section 3) for control switches with positive opening operation used as
mechanically actuated position detectors for interlocking guards and for relays used in auxiliary
circuits;
ii) !EN 60947-4-1:2001" for electromechanical contactors and motor starters used in main
circuits;
iii) !HD 22.1 S4:2002" for rubber insulated cables;
iv) !HD 21.1 S4:2002" for polyvinyl chloride cables if this cable is additionally protected against
mechanical damage by positioning (e.g. inside frames);
b) mechanically actuated position detectors for guards if they are actuated in the positive mode and their
arrangement/fastening and the cam design/ mounting comply with the requirements of 5.2 and 5.3 of
EN 1088:1995;
c) electrical control circuits if they are in accordance with the first four measures listed in 9.4.2.1 of
!EN 60204-1:2006";
d) mechanical components if, for example they operate in the positive mode in accordance with the
description given in 4.5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003;
e) interlocking devices with guard locking if they comply with the requirements of 5.3.7;
f) pneumatic components and systems if they comply with EN 983:1996;
g) two-hand control devices if they are as a minimum in accordance with type IIIA or type III B (see 5.3.7) as
defined in EN 574:1996;
h) pressure sensitive mats if they are as minimum in accordance with type 2 as defined in EN 1760-1:1997
and if they are tested together with their associated control circuits at least at each starting of the
machine;
i) active opto-electronic protective devices (light barrier) if they are as minimum in accordance with type 2
as defined in !CLC/TS 61496-2:2006" and if they are tested together with the associated control
circuits at least at each starting of the machine;
j) trip bars if they are as minimum in accordance with type 2 as defined in EN 1760-2:2001 and if they are
tested together with their associated control circuits at least at each starting of the machine.
NOTE For assessment of well-tried components, possible exclusion of faults etc. see !EN ISO 13849-2:2008".
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and inspection of the machine.
5.2.1.3 Safety Related Electronic Control Systems (SRECS)
5.2.1.3.1 General
For the implementation of any safety related function with electronic equipment the appropriate requirements
of !EN ISO 13849-1:2008" shall apply.
The design of SRECS shall be such as to achieve the machine safety functions required in this standard on
base of the categories. Depending on the safety specifications the safety functions shall be achieved in
Category 2, 3 or 4 in accordance with the requirements of !EN ISO 13849-1:2008".
SRECS shall be designed to be capable to fulfil the highest category in accordance with the requirements
of !EN ISO 13849-1:2008" required for the corresponding machine safety function.
On machines designed for different modes of operation the control system shall meet the safety requirements
for the machine safety functions for each mode of operation.
SRECS shall fulfil the environmental requirements in accordance with the requirements of 6.1 and 6.2 of
EN 50178:1997.
SRECS to category 3 or 4 shall fulfil the EMC requirements for type 4 in accordance with the requirements of
EN 61496-1:2004.
NOTE Also see 5.4.7 for the EMC requirements of the complete machine.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection, measurement and relevant
functional testing on the machine.
5.2.1.3.2 SRECS
5.2.1.3.2.1 Components, hardware
SRECS hardware components (including sensors, actuators, PLC’s, CNC systems, logic solvers, etc.) shall
be designed and constructed in accordance with the requirements of the relevant standards and
!EN ISO 13849-1:2008" !deleted text").
SRECS hardware components (including sensors, actuators, PLC’s, CNC systems, logic solvers, etc.) shall
be selected, assembled, combined and installed in accordance with the requirements of the technical
instruction (including application and installation instructions) of the component’s manufacturer.
A PLC fulfilling category 3 or 4 in accordance with the requirements of
!EN ISO 13849-1:2008" !deleted text" may be used in control systems for the implementation of the
safety functions listed in 5.2.1.
If a PLC is used, note that the overall response time could change in a defined range. The reaction time
cause
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