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ASTM A690/A690M-00a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments

Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-strength low-alloy steel H-piles and sheet piling of structural quality for use in the construction of dock walls, sea walls, bulkheads, excavations, and like applications in marine environments.  
1.2 The steel has approximately two to three times greater resistance to seawater "Splash Zone" corrosion than ordinary carbon steel (Specifications A36/A36M and A328/ A328M) where exposed to the washing action of rain and the drying action of the wind or sun, or both. Where the steel is not boldly exposed, the usual provisions for the protection of ordinary carbon steel should be considered.  
1.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A6/A6M for information on weldability.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-2000
ICS
93.140 - Construction of waterways, ports and dykes
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.02 - Structural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM A690/A690M-05 - Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Nickel, Copper, Phosphorus Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling with Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance for Use in Marine Environments
Effective Date
01-Dec-2005
Referred By
ASTM A950/A950M-11(2023) - Standard Specification for Fusion-Bonded Epoxy-Coated Structural Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling
Effective Date
10-Sep-2000

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ASTM A690/A690M-00a - Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine EnvironmentsASTM A690/A690M-00a - Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments
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ASTM A690/A690M-00a - Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for Use in Marine Environments
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 690/A 690M – 00a
Standard Specification for
High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling for
Use in Marine Environments
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA690/A690M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope A 325M Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat
Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength [Metric]
1.1 This specification covers high-strength low-alloy steel
A 328/A328M Specification for Steel Sheet Piling
H-piles and sheet piling of structural quality for use in the
A 588/A588M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy
construction of dock walls, sea walls, bulkheads, excavations,
Structural Steel with 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum Yield
and like applications in marine environments.
Point to 4 in. [100 mm] Thick
1.2 The steel has approximately two to three times greater
resistance to seawater “Splash Zone” corrosion than ordinary
3. General Requirements for Delivery
carbon steel (Specifications A 36/A 36M and A 328/A 328M)
3.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
where exposed to the washing action of rain and the drying
form to the requirements of the current edition of Specification
action of the wind or sun, or both.Where the steel is not boldly
A 6/A 6M, for the ordered material, unless a conflict exists in
exposed, the usual provisions for the protection of ordinary
which case this specification shall prevail.
carbon steel should be considered.
1.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a
4. Appurtenant Materials
welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended
4.1 When components of a steel structure are identified with
use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X 3 of Specifi-
thisASTM designation but the product form is not listed in the
cation A 6/A 6M for information on weldability.
scope of this specification, the material shall conform to one of
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
the standards listed inTable 3 unless otherwise specified by the
are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are
purchaser. Table 3 does not provide any specification require-
shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not
ments to a manufacturer or processor. Orders to a manufacturer
exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-
or processor should describe the required ASTM designation
pendentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystems
for product forms not listed in the scope of this specification.
may result in nonconformance with the specification.
5. Chemical Composition
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements
2.1 ASTM Standards:
prescribed in Table 4.
A 6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for
5.2 The steel shall conform on product analysis to the
Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet
requirements prescribed in Table 4, subject to the product
Piling
2 analysis tolerances in Specification A 6/A 6M.
A 36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
A 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat
6. Tension Test
Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
6.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall
conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed
1 in Table 5.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
...

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ASTM A690/A690M-13a(2018)(Specification)
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ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard structural quality of high-strength low-alloy nickel, copper, phosphorus steel H-piles and sheet piling for use in the construction of dock walls, bulkheads, excavations, and like applications in marine environments. The steel shall be semi-killed or killed and shall be exposed to the washing action of rain and the drying action of wind or sun, or both to determine its atmospheric corrosion resistance. Material specimens shall undergo product analysis, heat analysis, and tension testing and shall conform to the required chemical composition, tolerance, tensile strength, yield point, and elongation specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-strength low-alloy nickel, copper, phosphorus steel H-piles and sheet piling of structural quality for use in the construction of dock walls, sea walls, bulkheads, excavations, and like applications in marine environments.  
1.2 The atmospheric corrosion resistance of this steel is substantially better than that of ordinary carbon steels with or without copper addition (see Note 1). The steel has also shown to have substantially greater resistance to seawater “Splash Zone” corrosion than ordinary carbon steel (Specifications A36/A36M and A328/A328M) where exposed to the washing action of rain and the drying action of the wind or sun, or both. Where the steel is not boldly exposed, the usual provisions for the protection of ordinary carbon steel should be considered.  
Note 1: For methods of estimating atmospheric corrosion resistance of low-alloy steels, see Guide G101.  
1.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A6/A6M for information on weldability.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1244-08(2023)(Specification)
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the construction of marine berths for officers, crew, and passengers. Berths shall be classified according to types: Type I; Type IA; Type II; Type IIA; Type III; and Type IIIA. Metal components shall be joined by welding. Spotweld depressions, on exposed surfaces, shall be spot filled and sanded. Side and end panels shall be suitably stiffened to prevent buckling or oil-canning. Sound deadening shall be vermin proof and applied to unstiffened areas where needed, and in thickness required, to sound deaden berth. The completed berth assembly with drawers installed, but without a mattress or box spring, shall satisfy the corresponding performance requirements.
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1.1 This specification covers the construction of marine berths for officers, crew, and passengers.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7208-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Temporary Ditch Check Performance in Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates a system of temporary ditch checks and their means of installation to:  
5.1.1 Reduce soil loss and sediment concentrations in stormwater runoff under conditions of varying channel conditions and soil type; and  
5.1.2 Improve water quality exiting the area disturbed by earthwork activity by reducing suspended solids.  
5.2 This test method models and examines conditions typically found on construction sites involving earthwork activities, including: highways and roads; airports; residential, commercial and industrial developments; pipelines, mines, and landfills; golf courses; etc.  
5.3 This test method is a performance test. It is a comparative tool for evaluating the erosion control characteristics of different temporary ditch checks. Take caution when comparing results from different laboratories because information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete and slight differences in soil and other environmental and geotechnical conditions may affect.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the guidelines, requirements, and procedures for evaluating the ability of temporary ditch check systems to protect earthen channels from stormwater-induced erosion. Critical elements of this protection are the ability of the temporary ditch check to:  
1.1.1 Slow or pond runoff, or both, to encourage sedimentation, thereby reducing soil particle transport downstream;  
1.1.2 Trap soil particles up stream of structure; and  
1.1.3 Decrease soil erosion.  
1.2 This test method utilizes full-scale testing procedures, rather than reduced-scale (bench-scale) simulation, and is patterned after conditions typically found on construction sites at the conclusion of earthwork operations, but prior to the start of revegetation work. Therefore this test method considers only unvegetated conditions.  
1.3 This test method provides a comparative evaluation of a temporary ditch check to baseline bare soil conditions under controlled and documented conditions.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard.  
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.  
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1.7 This international standard was ...

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ASTM D6092-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Specifying Standard Sizes of Stone for Erosion Control

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The standard size designations listed in this practice are provided so that the design team, consumer, and the producer have a common reference in sizing stone materials used in erosion control. The design team should assign a materials survey, and rock quality testing series to determine which quarry sources may have suitable blasting and processing procedures to produce the required gradations. The design team should recognize the fact that not all sources are capable of or willing to produce the required gradations. Only those sources listed by the design team should be considered for construction of the project.  
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1.1 This practice covers size designations and maximum ranges in mass or gradation for standard sizes for riprap, spalls, or bedding, or both, used for slope protection of dam embankments, streambank erosion control, bridge piers and abutments. Sizes used for outer harbor structures such as breakwalls, revetments, confined diked disposal structures (heretofore described as armor stone, cover stone, or dimension stone) for which stone sizes range between 5 and 25 tons, or that require cut dimensions for layed-up structures are beyond the scope of this practice.  
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1.4 This practice offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.  
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Standard Test Method for Boat Barriers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Governmental and private facilities may use “motor boat barriers” with an ASTM International impact rating. Each agency/organization may have their own, or use other, certification lists.  
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5.3 ASTM Intentional Impact Ratings for Boat Barriers shall not be used unless subjected to one or more of the dynamic tests presented herein.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to provide a means of evaluating the performance of Boat Barriers and through that evaluation provide a certification of performance in the form of an ASTM International Impact Rating for Boat Barriers to be used in the design and specification of Boat Barriers. In addition to the Impact Rating, testing under this standard requires the determination and reporting of the maximum deformation of the barrier during testing to further aid in appropriate barrier selection.  
1.2 This test method provides a range of small surface motor boat impact condition levels and penetration performance levels to select boat barriers appropriate for use at potentially threatened onshore port facilities, offshore facilities, and floating assets.  
1.3 This test method is designed to test and evaluate the stopping capabilities of boat barriers at the point of impact and the moments subsequent to impact of a small surface motor boat.  
1.4 This test method is not intended to be used for the testing criteria of floating “lines of demarcation” or similar items or technologies that do not make claims of “boat or small surface motor boat” stopping capabilities.  
1.5 Governing agencies may adopt those performance levels in this test method that satisfy their specific needs and assign certification ratings for small surface motor boat stopping barriers based on the tests and test methodologies described in this test method.  
1.6 Many test parameters are standardized to arrive at common small surface motor boat types and masses, enhance test realism and replications, and produce uniform rating designations.  
1.6.1 Compliance with these rating designations establishes a measure of performance but does not render any boat barrier invulnerable to motor boat penetration. Caution should be exercised in interpreting test findings and projecting results to other hypothetical conditions.  
1.7 Product design/certification in this test method only addresses the ability of the barrier to withstand the impact of the test motor boat. It does not represent an endorsement of the product/design or address its operational suitability.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM E3075-18(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Immersion and Drying for Evaluation of Flood Damage Resistance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method establishes water immersion, drying, and cleaning procedures to be used when determining whether building materials noted in 1.1 are flood damage resistant for applications that comply with the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) [44 CFR § 60.3(a)(3)].  
5.2 This test method exposes the test specimen to water immersion and drying conditions to simulate the effects of wetting and subsequent drying that occurs with a flood event. The wetting and drying exposure is followed by surface cleaning. This test method provides a measure of how test specimens may respond to water immersion, subsequent drying, and cleaning that occur with flood events.  
5.3 This test method is useful for determining water absorption characteristics of different test specimens in terms of percent increase in test specimen weight, their drying characteristics in terms of elapsed time to dry to equilibrium weight, and changes in physical appearance following water immersion and surface cleaning.  
5.4 This test method is useful in comparing the water absorption characteristics of different test specimens, their drying characteristics, and changes in physical appearance following water immersion and surface cleaning. This test method is also useful in comparing test specimen physical dimensions before water immersion, immediately following removal from water immersion, after drying, and after cleaning.  
5.5 The ability to directly compare test results will vary by many factors including test specimen size and whether test specimens are individual building materials or composite assemblies of building materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to apply to building materials used in construction below the base flood elevation (BFE) including, but not limited to: individual building materials and composite assemblies of building materials that constitute permanent integral parts of a finished building including walls, floors, ceilings, stairways, built-in partitions, finishes, cladding, and other similarly incorporated architectural and structural items.  
1.2 Requirements for evaluation of other hazards associated with flood damage including, but not limited to: debris impact, flood velocity, wave action, water pressure differential, scour, erosion, biological and chemical contaminants in floodwater, and other factors that would be adverse to continued use of the structure for its intended purpose including long-term occupant health impacts are outside of the scope of the methods presented herein.  
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1.4 The water immersion and drying procedures shall not be construed as representative of water makeup, duration of immersion, or conditions of drying during an actual flood event because actual flood conditions vary with such factors as makeup of water, depth and duration of immersion, and ambient temperature and humidity.  
1.5 The cleaning procedures specified in this test method are intended to simulate surface cleaning that normally occurs after flooding.  
1.6 The cleaning procedures specified in this test method shall not be construed as superseding standards or manufacturer’s recommended methods for cleaning and restoration after flooding.  
1.7 A commentary to this test method is provided in Appendix X1.  
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mat...

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ASTM A690/A690M-13a(2018)(Specification)
Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Nickel, Copper, Phosphorus Steel H-Piles and Sheet Piling with Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance for Use in Marine Environments

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard structural quality of high-strength low-alloy nickel, copper, phosphorus steel H-piles and sheet piling for use in the construction of dock walls, bulkheads, excavations, and like applications in marine environments. The steel shall be semi-killed or killed and shall be exposed to the washing action of rain and the drying action of wind or sun, or both to determine its atmospheric corrosion resistance. Material specimens shall undergo product analysis, heat analysis, and tension testing and shall conform to the required chemical composition, tolerance, tensile strength, yield point, and elongation specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-strength low-alloy nickel, copper, phosphorus steel H-piles and sheet piling of structural quality for use in the construction of dock walls, sea walls, bulkheads, excavations, and like applications in marine environments.  
1.2 The atmospheric corrosion resistance of this steel is substantially better than that of ordinary carbon steels with or without copper addition (see Note 1). The steel has also shown to have substantially greater resistance to seawater “Splash Zone” corrosion than ordinary carbon steel (Specifications A36/A36M and A328/A328M) where exposed to the washing action of rain and the drying action of the wind or sun, or both. Where the steel is not boldly exposed, the usual provisions for the protection of ordinary carbon steel should be considered.  
Note 1: For methods of estimating atmospheric corrosion resistance of low-alloy steels, see Guide G101.  
1.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A6/A6M for information on weldability.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1178/C1178M-24(Specification)
Standard Specification for Coated Glass Mat Water-Resistant Gypsum Backing Panel

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall consist of a noncombustible water-resistant gypsum core, surfaced with glass mat, partially or completely embedded in the core, and with a water-resistant coating on one surface. The specimens shall be tested for flexural strength, humidified deflection, core hardness, end hardness, edge hardness, nail pull resistance, water resistance, and surface water absorption. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall have surfaces true and free of imperfections that render the panel unfit for its designed use.
SCOPE
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1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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ASTM D2170/D2170M-24(Test Method)
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5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.  
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
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1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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ASTM D6356/D6356M-98(2024)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Gas Generation of Aluminum Emulsified Asphalt Used as a Protective Coating for Roofing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This procedure measures the amount of hydrogen gas generation potential of aluminized emulsion roof coating. There is the possibility of water reacting with aluminum pigment to generate hydrogen gas. This situation is to be avoided, so this test was designed to evaluate coating formulations and assess the propensity to gassing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a hydrogen gas and stability test for aluminum emulsified asphalt coatings.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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