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ASTM F3243-21

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV Systems

Standard Practice for Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A-UGVs operate in a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications that include many communications challenges that can affect A-UGV control and monitoring. An A-UGV system or A-UGVS as defined in Terminology F3200 includes the A-UGV and all associated components, equipment, software, and communications necessary to make a fully functional system. Communications impairments can cause: (1) changes in A-UGV operation, (2) changes in behavior in system components such as control and scheduling, or (3) changes in operation or timing of infrastructure equipment coordination. This practice is intended to record the task performance of an A-UGV while communications are impaired in a specified and repeatable manner (for example, standard test method).  
4.2 Communications impairments can occur at a variety of locations within the A-UGVS. The network topology in Fig. 1 shows many of the common communications links that could be impaired. The numbered arrows in Fig. 1 label different places where communications impairments could occur. The box colors (that is, green, red, blue) indicate different types of impairments where the two red boxes are similar to each other. Fig. 1 will be used throughout this practice and included on the test report for use in describing the test setup and results by the test supervisor.  
FIG. 1 Block Diagram of Communications for Control/Monitoring of A-UGVs and Associated Facility Equipment in which Numbers with Arrows Indicate Examples of Communications Impairment Locations  
4.3 The requested expected results provide pass/fail reporting criteria along with recorded notes pertinent to the test or results or both. It is possible that the communications impairments used will have no noticeable effect, and this is often the desired outcome.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice considers impairments of communications within an automatic, automated, or autonomous unmanned ground vehicle (A­UGV) system during task execution. An A-UGV system typically uses communications between an A-UGV and fixed system components and resources, such as off-board control, job and fleet scheduling, infrastructure equipment interactions, or cloud-computing programs for tasks. Communications impairments can cause an A-UGV operation to change in various ways that can include delays or failure to complete the task.  
1.2 This practice is designed for applying known communications impairments to an A-UGV system in conjunction with A-UGV task testing. It is designed to create similar changes in communications that can possibly cause task performance limiting effects that are often experienced by an A-UGV system in different environments.  
1.3 This practice is intended to simulate impairments that may be present during the operation of an A-UGV system. This practice can be used, for example, by a manufacturer to indicate that system performance was tested to be robust against specific test communications impairments. The tests are not intended to test situations that should be eliminated during system installation, for example, a duplicate internet protocol (IP) address on the network.  
1.4 This practice only describes communications impairments. It does not specify an A-UGV task. The A-UGV task should be a defined ASTM International test method or task description in similar detail.  
1.5 This practice defines methods to record communications impairment types and extents while the A-UGV is stationary or performs a task. Temporal or spatial extents in which communications impairments occur include the timing, duration, location within the task, or other triggered events. Examples for implementing common communications impairments are provided.  
1.6 This practice is not intended for:  
1.6.1 Communications impairments between onboard components of an A-UGV, for example, onboard sensors-to-onboard computers.  
1.6.2 Communications or measurement impairments directly affecting external reference or p...

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2021
ICS
35.240.50 - IT applications in industry
53.060 - Industrial trucks
Technical Committee
F45 - Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems
Drafting Committee
F45.04 - System Communication and Interoperability
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM F3243-21 - Standard Practice for Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV SystemsASTM F3243-21 - Standard Practice for Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV Systems
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ASTM F3243-21 - Standard Practice for Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV Systems
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3243 − 21
Standard Practice for
Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV
1
Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3243; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.6 This practice is not intended for:
1.6.1 Communications impairments between onboard com-
1.1 This practice considers impairments of communications
ponents of an A-UGV, for example, onboard sensors-to-
within an automatic, automated, or autonomous unmanned
ground vehicle (A-UGV) system during task execution. An onboard computers.
A-UGV system typically uses communications between an
1.6.2 Communications or measurement impairments di-
A-UGV and fixed system components and resources, such as
rectly affecting external reference or positioning systems, for
off-board control, job and fleet scheduling, infrastructure
example, global positioning system (GPS) used for navigation
equipment interactions, or cloud-computing programs for
and range/azimuth sensor-to-wall reflectors.
tasks. Communications impairments can cause an A-UGV
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
operation to change in various ways that can include delays or
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
failure to complete the task.
standard.
1.2 This practice is designed for applying known commu-
nications impairments to an A-UGV system in conjunction 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with A-UGV task testing. It is designed to create similar
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
changes in communications that can possibly cause task
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
performance limiting effects that are often experienced by an
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
A-UGV system in different environments.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Safety standards for A-UGVs (for example, ITSDF B56.5, ISO
1.3 This practice is intended to simulate impairments that
3691-4) should be followed.
maybepresentduringtheoperationofanA-UGVsystem.This
practice can be used, for example, by a manufacturer to
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
indicate that system performance was tested to be robust
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
against specific test communications impairments. The tests
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
are not intended to test situations that should be eliminated
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
during system installation, for example, a duplicate internet
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
protocol (IP) address on the network.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.4 This practice only describes communications impair-
ments. It does not specify an A-UGV task. The A-UGV task 2. Referenced Documents
should be a defined ASTM International test method or task
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
description in similar detail.
F3200 Terminology for DriverlessAutomatic Guided Indus-
1.5 Thispracticedefinesmethodstorecordcommunications
trial Vehicles
impairment types and extents while theA-UGVis stationary or
F3218 Practice for Documenting Environmental Conditions
performs a task. Temporal or spatial extents in which commu-
for Utilization with A-UGV Test Methods
nications impairments occur include the timing, duration,
F3244 Test Method for Navigation: Defined Area
location within the task, or other triggered events. Examples
F3265 Test Method for Grid-Video Obstacle Measurement
for implementing common communications impairments are
F3327 PracticeforRecordingtheA-UGVTestConfiguration
provided.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F45 on Driverless
2
Automatic Guided Industrial Vehicles and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mittee F45.04 on Communication and Integration. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2021. Published March 2021. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
F3243-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3243 − 21
2.2 O
...

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Standard Guide for Assessing the Environmental and Human Health Impacts of New Compounds for Military Use

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide a logical, tiered approach in the development of environmental health criteria coincident with level and effort in the research, development, testing, and evaluation of new materials for military use. Various levels of uncertainty are associated with data collected from previous stages. Following the recommendation in the guide should reduce the relative uncertainty of the data collected at each developmental stage. At each stage, a general weight of evidence qualifier shall accompany each exposure/effect relationship. They may be simple (for example, low, medium, or high confidence) or sophisticated using a numerical value for each predictor as a multiplier to ascertain relative confidence in each step of risk characterization. The specific method used will depend on the stage of development, quantity and availability of data, variation in the measurement, and general knowledge of the dataset. Since specific formulations, conditions, and use scenarios may not be known until the later stages, exposure estimates can be determined when practical (for example, Engineering and Manufacturing Development; see 6.6). Exposure data can then be used with other toxicological data collected from previous stages in a quantitative risk assessment to determine the relative degree of hazard.  
5.2 Data developed from the use of this guide are designed to be consistent with criteria required in weapons and weapons system development (for example, programmatic environment, safety and occupational health evaluations, environmental assessments/environmental impact statements, toxicity clearances, and technical data sheets).  
5.3 Information shall be evaluated in a flexible manner consistent with the needs of the authorizing program. This requires proper characterization of the current problem. For example, compounds may be ranked relative to the environmental criteria of the prospective alternatives, the replacement compound, and within bo...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to determine the relative environmental influence of new substances, consistent with the research and development (R&D) level of effort and is intended to be applied in a logical, tiered manner that parallels both the available funding and the stage of research, development, testing, and evaluation. Specifically, conservative assumptions, relationships, and models are recommended early in the research stage, and as the technology is matured, empirical data will be developed and used. Munition constituents are included and may include propellants, oxidizers, explosives, binders, stabilizers, metals, dyes, and other compounds used in the formulation to produce a desired effect. Munition systems range from projectiles, grenades, rockets/missiles, training simulators, to smokes and obscurants. Given the complexity of issues involved in the assessment of environmental fate and effects and the diversity of the systems used, this guide is broad in scope and not intended to address every factor that may be important in an environmental context. Rather, it is intended to reduce uncertainty at minimal cost by considering the most important factors related to human health and environmental impacts of energetic materials. This guide provides an outline for collecting data useful in a relative ranking procedure to provide the systems scientist with a sound basis for prospectively determining a selection of candidates based on environmental and human health criteria. The general principles in this guide are applicable to substances other than energetics if intended to be used in a similar manner with similar exposure profiles.  
1.2 The scope of this guide includes:  
1.2.1 Energetic and other new/novel materials and compositions in all stages of research, development, test and evaluation.  
1.2.2 Environmental assessment, including:
1.2.2.1 Human and ecological effects of the unexploded energetics and ...

  • Guide
    9 pages
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  • Guide
    9 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM D8042-18(2023)(Test Method)
Test Method for Shrinkage Temperature of Wet Blue and Wet White

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to determine the temperature at which the Wet Blue or Wet White specimen experiences shrinkage. In this test method, shrinkage occurs as a result of hydrothermal denaturation of the collagen protein molecules which make up the fiber structure of the Wet Blue or Wet White. The shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is influenced by many different factors, most of which appear to affect the number and nature of crosslinking interactions between adjacent polypeptide chains of the collagen protein molecules. The value of the shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is commonly used as an indicator of the type of tannage or the degree of tannage, or both, of that particular Wet Blue or Wet White (especially for the more hydrothermally stable tannages such as chrome tannage).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shrinkage temperature of all types of Wet Blue and Wet White. The heating medium is water when the shrinkage temperature is at or below 98 °C. The heating medium is a glycerine-water solution when the shrinkage temperature is above 98 °C.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
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