ASTM C1105-23a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Carbonate Rock Reaction
Standard Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Carbonate Rock Reaction
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Two types of alkali reactivity of aggregates have been described in the literature: the alkali-silica reaction involving certain siliceous rocks, minerals, and artificial glasses (1),3 and the alkali-carbonate reaction involving dolomite in certain calcitic dolomites and dolomitic limestones (2). This test method is not recommended as a means to detect combinations susceptible to expansion due to alkali-silica reaction since it was not evaluated for this use in the work reported by Buck (2). This test method is not applicable to aggregates that do not contain or consist of carbonate rock (see Descriptive Nomenclature C294).
4.2 This test method contains two methods. Method A is used to evaluate the susceptibility of a coarse aggregate to alkali-carbonate reaction. Method B is to evaluate the behavior of specific combinations of concrete-making materials to be used in concrete construction. However, provisions are made for the use of substitute materials when required. This test method assesses the potential for expansion of concrete caused by alkali-carbonate rock reaction from tests performed under prescribed laboratory curing conditions that will probably differ from field conditions. Thus, actual field performance will not be duplicated due to differences in wetting and drying, temperature, other factors, or combinations of these.
4.3 Use of this test method is of particular value when samples of aggregate from a source have been determined to contain constituents that are regarded as capable of participation in a potentially deleterious alkali-carbonate rock reaction either by petrographic examination, Guide C295/C295M, by the rock cylinder test, Test Method C586, by service record; or by a combination of these.
4.4 Results of tests conducted as described herein should form a part of the basis for a decision as to whether or not the aggregate under test can be used in portland cement concrete construction. Interpretation of results can be found in G...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by measurement of length change of concrete prisms, the susceptibility of a coarse aggregate or cementitious materials aggregate combinations to expansive alkali-carbonate reaction involving hydroxide ions associated with alkalies (sodium and potassium) and certain calcitic dolomites and dolomitic limestones.
1.2 Results of tests conducted as described herein should form a part of the basis for a decision as to whether or not the coarse aggregate or specific combinations of concrete-making materials under test can be used in portland cement concrete construction. Interpretation of results can be found in Guide C1778.
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of measurement system is at the user's discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1105 − 23a
Standard Test Method for
Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Carbonate Rock
1
Reaction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by measure-
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
ment of length change of concrete prisms, the susceptibility of
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
a coarse aggregate or cementitious materials aggregate combi-
gregates
nations to expansive alkali-carbonate reaction involving hy-
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
droxide ions associated with alkalies (sodium and potassium)
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened
and certain calcitic dolomites and dolomitic limestones.
Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
1.2 Results of tests conducted as described herein should
C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Con-
form a part of the basis for a decision as to whether or not the
crete Aggregates
coarse aggregate or specific combinations of concrete-making
C295/C295M Guide for Petrographic Examination of Ag-
materials under test can be used in portland cement concrete
gregates for Concrete
construction. Interpretation of results can be found in Guide
C490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of
C1778.
Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
Concrete
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes
C494 Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
as requirements of the standard.
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
C586 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbon-
as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in
ate Rocks as Concrete Aggregates (Rock-Cylinder
this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection
Method)
of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
requirements of the referenced standard.
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C702/C702M Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to Testing Size
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C856/C856M Practice for Petrographic Examination of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Hardened Concrete
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
C1260 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Ag-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
gregates (Mortar-Bar Method)
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
C1778 Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Terminology
3.1 Terminology used in this standard is defined in Termi-
nology C125 or Descriptive Nomenclature C294.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C09.50 on Aggregate Reactions in Concrete. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2023. Published April 2024. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as C1105 – 23. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1105-23A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C1105 − 23a
4. S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1105 − 23 C1105 − 23a
Standard Test Method for
Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Carbonate Rock
1
Reaction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by measurement of length change of concrete prisms, the susceptibility of
cement-aggregate a coarse aggregate or cementitious materials aggregate combinations to expansive alkali-carbonate reaction
involving hydroxide ions associated with alkalies (sodium and potassium) and certain calcitic dolomites and dolomitic limestones.
1.2 Results of tests conducted as described herein should form a part of the basis for a decision as to whether or not the coarse
aggregate or specific combinations of concrete-making materials under test can be used in portland cement concrete construction.
Interpretation of results can be found in Guide C1778.
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding
those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the
requirements of the referenced standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
C233/C233M Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.50 on
Aggregate Reactions in Concrete.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023Dec. 15, 2023. Published December 2023April 2024. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20162023 as
C1105 – 08aC1105 – 23.(2016). DOI: 10.1520/C1105-08AR16.10.1520/C1105-23A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1105 − 23a
C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates
C295/C295M Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
C490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and Concrete
C494 Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
Cements and Concretes
C586 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks as Concrete Aggregates (Rock-Cylinder Method)
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C702/C702M Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size
C856/C856M Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened Concrete
C1260 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Met
...
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