ASTM D7395-18(2023)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7395 − 18 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
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Cone/Plate Viscosity at a 500 s Shear Rate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7395; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4287 Test Method for High-Shear Viscosity Using a Cone/
Plate Viscometer
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscos-
ity of paints and related products using a cone/plate viscometer
3. Summary of Test Method
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at a shear rate of 500 s .
3.1 The material to be tested is placed between the cone and
1.2 Viscosity values obtained by this method may be used as
plate of a cone/plate viscometer set at 25 ºC, a solvent trap is
an alternative to results from No. 4 Ford cup measurements. -1
lowered, and the specimen is subjected to a shear rate of 500 s
The values from this method do not replicate Ford cup results,
while the viscosity is measured.
but can be used for quality control, producer-user specifica-
4. Significance and Use
tions and viscosity reduction in the same manner that Ford cups
are used.
4.1 This test has been used to measure viscosities of
automotive topcoats in place of No. 4 Ford cup measurements
1.3 If viscosity at a higher shear rate is needed, Test Method
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and has provided an equivalent ability to evaluate whether the
D4287, which describes viscosity measurement at 10 000 s to
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paint meets specifications and is sprayable.
12 000 s may be used.
4.2 The method could be considered as an alternative to No.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4 Ford cup and other efflux cup measurements for other
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
products as well.
information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.3 The type of viscometer described in this method gives
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the better temperature control than Ford and other efflux cups and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- is expected to give better precision.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.4 This test method is suitable for all paints and related
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
materials whether they are Newtonian in behavior or not.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 5. Apparatus
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 Cone/Plate Type Viscometer with cone/speed combina-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- -1
tion producing a shear rate of 500 s , a nominal torque of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
7980 mN-m, and fitted with a solvent trap that covers the cone.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
For automotive topcoats, the viscometer must provide a vis-
cosity measurement range that includes 20 mPa·s (cP) to 200
2. Referenced Documents
mPa·s (cP) at the above-mentioned shear rate. A spindle 1.5 cm
2.1 ASTM Standards: in diameter, with a 1.2° cone angle, operating at 100 r/min
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related (rpm) speed has worked well.
Pigmented Coatings
6. Reagents and Materials
6.1 Water or Solvent—If the viscometer allows manual
zeroing, this should be done in accordance with the manufac-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
turer’s directions. Zeroing procedures that require liquids may
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials.
be satisfied with water or a low-viscosity solvent such as
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally
xylene or mineral spirits.
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7395 – 18. DOI:
10.1520/D7395-18R23.
6.2 Mineral Oils—One to three standard mineral oils with
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
known viscosities (certified by an approved laboratory) lying
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
between 10 % and 90 % full scale to be used for calibration
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. verification the instrument.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7395 − 18 (2023)
NOTE 1—Silicone oils should be avoided because of their tendency to
mm) around the entire circumference of the cone. Lower the
contaminate instruments, containers and other equipment.
solvent trap over the cone and onto the plate.
NOTE 3—If specimen material is not observed around the entire
7. Sampling
circumference of the cone, Stop! Clean up and deposit a new specimen
onto the plate. Verify that the entire specimen is being dispensed from the
7.1 Take a representative sample of the product to be tested
pipette, syringe or other transfer device.
in accordance with Practice D3925. If the sample has a
9.3 Wait for 60 s to allow the specimen to reach 25.0 ºC and
tendency to settle or separate on standing, then it must be
stirred or shaken until homogeneous before a test specimen is equilibrate at that temperature. If the instrument has the
capability of setting times for specific procedures, set the
taken from it. However, it is appropriate to directly test a
sample that has been under constant circulation and shear in a HOLD time for 60 s or make certain that the specimen has
equilibrated at 25.0 °C
...